EP0995058A2 - Combined stop rings - Google Patents

Combined stop rings

Info

Publication number
EP0995058A2
EP0995058A2 EP98940140A EP98940140A EP0995058A2 EP 0995058 A2 EP0995058 A2 EP 0995058A2 EP 98940140 A EP98940140 A EP 98940140A EP 98940140 A EP98940140 A EP 98940140A EP 0995058 A2 EP0995058 A2 EP 0995058A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
thrust washers
thrust
compound
bevel gears
plastic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP98940140A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Harry A. Lange
Franz Huppertz
Reiner Dahmen
Karl-Heinz Fritz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fritz Himmermann & Co KG GmbH
Original Assignee
Fritz Himmermann & Co KG GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fritz Himmermann & Co KG GmbH filed Critical Fritz Himmermann & Co KG GmbH
Publication of EP0995058A2 publication Critical patent/EP0995058A2/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/08—General details of gearing of gearings with members having orbital motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/06—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H48/08—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion comprising bevel gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/06—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H48/08—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion comprising bevel gears
    • F16H2048/085—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion comprising bevel gears characterised by shafts or gear carriers for orbital gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/38—Constructional details
    • F16H2048/387—Shields or washers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/08—General details of gearing of gearings with members having orbital motion
    • F16H2057/085—Bearings for orbital gears

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a combination of in particular spherical cap-shaped thrust washers, which are arranged between the differential housing and the bevel gears of a differential gear, several, preferably four thrust washers being connected to one another by webs to form a structural unit.
  • Such a thrust washer assembly is known, for example, from German patent 24 54 067.
  • the bevel gears are generally mounted on the inner contour of the housing by means of thrust washers which are intended to prevent the wheels from starting on the housing wall and the wear which occurs in the process.
  • the thrust washers are preferably made of a particularly wear-resistant plastic, for example a 6.6 polyamide.
  • thrust washers The well-known combination of thrust washers has proven to be very reliable. In individual cases, however, malfunctions have resulted in the thrust washers being overheated or mechanically destroyed in the area in which they are in contact with the back wall of the bevel gear.
  • the object of the present invention is to develop a known thrust washer assembly in such a way that it is secured against mechanical or thermal overload during operation.
  • this object is achieved in that the surface facing the bevel gears has at least one starting Disc has recesses and / or recesses.
  • the bevel gears of the differential run in an oil bath so that the depressions and / or recesses in the thrust washer enable the oil to be transported into the contact area of the thrust washer. In this way, the cooling of the thrust washer is promoted during operation.
  • the depressions and / or recesses in the thrust washer preferably run at an angle to the radial direction of the thrust washer. Due to this oblique course, the depressions or recesses have an extent in the circumferential direction.
  • the oil is conveyed through the recess or the recess by the rotational movement of the bevel gears.
  • the thrust washer assembly according to the invention is preferably produced from a thermally highly resistant plastic. Compared to the previously used polyamide 6.6, for example, a polyamide 4.6 shows increased thermal resistance.
  • a polyphthalamide (PPA) is also particularly suitable for producing the thrust washer assembly according to the invention.
  • the object according to the invention is achieved in that at least one thrust washer in an annular area which extends from the inner diameter of the thrust washer to at least one of the outer diameter of the area of the bevel gear lying against the thrust washer appropriate diameter is sufficient, consists of a material with increased thermal and / or mechanical strength.
  • the probability of failure can also be reduced by increasing the strength of the thrust washer in the contact area.
  • This measure is particularly useful in the case of thrust washers for the drive bevel gears that are connected to the drive shafts and are subjected to high thermal and mechanical loads. The forces acting on the wheels and the axles are at least partially transmitted to the drive bevel gears, so that other dynamic forces act on the drive bevel gears in addition to the pure driving force of the motor, which additionally load the thrust washers.
  • all thrust washers in the ring area in which there is contact with the bevel gears are produced with increased strength. _> -
  • the increased mechanical strength can be achieved, for example, by incorporating fillers such as carbon fibers or glass fibers. It is also possible to insert a mat-like reinforcing fabric in the ring area to be reinforced.
  • the thrust washers in the contact area with the bevel gears can be made of metal or ceramic and encased in a plastic that forms the connecting webs that firmly connect the thrust washers to one another.
  • This plastic can be injection molded onto the ring area of the thrust washers, which is to be inserted into the injection mold prior to manufacture.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a differential gear, in which a thrust washer assembly according to the invention is arranged between the housing and the bevel gears
  • FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the thrust washer assembly in a developed state
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view along the section line III-III of a thrust washer for a differential bevel gear
  • FIG. 4 shows a detailed illustration of an oil guide channel in a thrust washer for a drive bevel gear cut according to section line IV-IV
  • FIG. 5 shows an alternative embodiment of the thrust washer assembly according to the invention in a representation corresponding to FIG. 2 and
  • Fig. 6 shows a further alternative embodiment of the invention
  • Thrust washer composite in a representation corresponding to FIG. 2.
  • a differential differential gear for the axle drive of the front wheels of a motor vehicle is shown.
  • two drive bevel gears 2 and two differential bevel gears 3 are each arranged diametrically opposite one another.
  • the drive bevel gears 2 are non-rotatably attached to the ends of the two drive shafts 4, 5.
  • the smaller differential bevel gears 3 are mounted on a common differential bevel gear axis 6 inserted through the differential housing.
  • the thrust washer assembly 7 according to the invention is arranged between the outer, spherical-shell-shaped surfaces of the bevel gears and the spherical-shell-shaped inside of the differential housing.
  • pane assembly 7 a development of the start-up of pane assembly 7 is shown.
  • the large thrust washers 8 for the drive bevel gears 2 and the small thrust washers 9 for the differential bevel gears 3 are connected to one another by connecting webs 10.
  • the entire thrust washer assembly is made of injection molded plastic, preferably polyamide 4.6 or polyphthalamide. All of its components, namely the large thrust washers 8, the small thrust washers 9 and the connecting webs 10 lie in the relaxed state essentially on a common spherical cap-shaped surface.
  • the large thrust washers 8 for the drive bevel gears 2 are provided with depressions 11 which run in the form of a groove from the inner diameter to the outer diameter of the large thrust washer 8.
  • the grooves formed by the depressions 11 run on the inside of the large thrust washer 8 shown in FIG. 2, which bears against the bevel gears, at an angle to its radial direction.
  • the grooves enable the oil in the differential housing 1 to be transported along the contact surface between the thrust washer 8 and the drive bevel gear 2. Due to the oblique course of the grooves 11, the oil particles are entrained in the circumferential direction by the drive bevel gears 2 rotating relative to the large thrust washers 8 and through the Grooves 11 transported through.
  • the oil transport increases the cooling between the contact surfaces of the drive bevel gears 2 and the large thrust washers 8 and thus reduces the risk of the large thrust washer being damaged by overheating.
  • the small thrust washers 9 for the differential bevel gears 3 are provided with window-shaped recesses 12 which protrude through the entire material of the thrust washers 9.
  • the recesses 12 also promote the transport of coolant into the area between the bevel gears 2 and differential housing 1 and additionally reduce the contact area between the thrust washer 9 and the differential bevel gear 3 the generation of frictional heat is reduced.
  • the cutouts 12 do not necessarily have to be rectangular, but can also take on round or oval shapes.
  • the cutouts can be combined with groove-like depressions, so that the oil is transported from the cutouts to the wheels of the thrust washers.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 Two alternative embodiments are shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. These figures each show a development of a spherical cap-shaped thrust washer assembly.
  • the inner ring region 13 can be seen in each case, which extends from the inner diameter of each thrust washer 8', 9 'to an outer radius which at least up to the outer radius of the thrust washer 8', 9 'adjacent area of the bevel gear is sufficient.
  • the ring regions 13 shown in FIG. 5 are reinforced by reinforcing fibers embedded in the plastic material, for example glass fibers or carbon fibers.
  • FIG. 6 shows a thrust washer assembly 7 ′′ in which the spherical cap-shaped thrust washers 8 ′′, 9 ′′ in the ring region 13 ′ in which they contact the
  • the steel or ceramic ring elements are placed in an injection mold and overmolded on their outer circumference with a plastic compound in the injection molding process, which forms the connecting webs 10.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a combination of stop rings (8, 9), particularly in the shape of dome segments, mounted between the housing and the bevel wheels of a differential gear, wherein a plurality of stop rings (8, 9) preferably four are joined to each other via webs (10) to form a unit. The aim of the invention is to improve such a combination of stop rings so as to protect it from mechanical or thermal overload during use. For this purpose, the surface of at least one stop ring (8, 9) facing the bevel wheels (2, 3) is provided with grooves (11) and/or recesses (12).

Description

Beschreibung:Description:
AnlaufscheibenverbundThrust washer assembly
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Verbund von insbesondere kugelkalottenförmigen Anlaufscheiben, die zwischen dem Differentialgehäuse und den Kegelrädern eines Differentialgetriebes angeordnet sind, wobei mehrere, vorzugsweise vier Anlaufscheiben untereinander durch Stege zu einer Baueinheit verbunden sind.The invention relates to a combination of in particular spherical cap-shaped thrust washers, which are arranged between the differential housing and the bevel gears of a differential gear, several, preferably four thrust washers being connected to one another by webs to form a structural unit.
Ein derartiger Anlaufscheibenverbund ist beispielsweise bekannt aus der deutschen Patentschrift 24 54 067.Such a thrust washer assembly is known, for example, from German patent 24 54 067.
Bei Kegelrad-Differentialgetrieben erfolgt in der Regel die Lagerung der Kegelräder an der Innenkontur des Gehäuses durch Anlaufscheiben, die das Anlaufen der Räder an der Gehäusewand und den dabei auftretenden Verschleiß verhindern sollen. Die Anlaufscheiben bestehen vorzugsweise aus einem besonders verschleißfesten Kunststoff, beispielsweise aus einem 6.6 Polyamid. Durch das Zusammenfassen möglichst aller vier Anlaufscheiben zu einer Baueinheit werden die Anlaufscheiben zueinander fixiert, wodurch eine besonders einfache Montage ermöglicht wird. Die Baueinheit aus vier Anlaufscheiben, die zum Einsetzen in das kugelförmige Differentialgehäuse elastisch verformt werden muß, liegt bei der Montage federnd gegen die Gehäuseinnenwand an. Auf diese Weise wird vermieden, daß sich die Anlaufscheiben bei der Montage in dem Gehäuse verlagern. Auch wird vermieden, daß die Anlaufscheiben durch die Kegelräder im Betrieb des Differentials in eine Drehbewegung versetzt werden.In the case of bevel gear differential gears, the bevel gears are generally mounted on the inner contour of the housing by means of thrust washers which are intended to prevent the wheels from starting on the housing wall and the wear which occurs in the process. The thrust washers are preferably made of a particularly wear-resistant plastic, for example a 6.6 polyamide. By combining as many as possible all four thrust washers into one structural unit, the thrust washers are fixed to one another, which enables particularly simple assembly. The assembly of four thrust washers, which must be elastically deformed for insertion into the spherical differential housing, rests against the inner wall of the housing during assembly. In this way it is avoided that the thrust washers move in the housing during assembly. It is also avoided that the thrust washers are rotated by the bevel gears during operation of the differential.
Der bekannte Verbund der Anlaufscheiben hat sich als sehr betriebssicher erwiesen. In Einzelfällen haben sich jedoch dadurch Störungen ergeben, daß die Anlaufscheiben in dem Bereich, in dem sie Kontakt mit der Rückwandung des Kegelrades haben, aufgrund der Reibung überhitzt oder mechanisch zerstört werden.The well-known combination of thrust washers has proven to be very reliable. In individual cases, however, malfunctions have resulted in the thrust washers being overheated or mechanically destroyed in the area in which they are in contact with the back wall of the bevel gear.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, einen bekannten Anlaufscheibenverbund derart weiterzubilden, daß er gegen mechanische oder thermische Überlastung im Betrieb gesichert ist.The object of the present invention is to develop a known thrust washer assembly in such a way that it is secured against mechanical or thermal overload during operation.
Bei einer ersten Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß die den Kegelrädern zugewandte Oberfläche mindestens einer Anlauf- Scheibe Vertiefungen und/oder Aussparungen aufweist. Die Kegelräder des Differentials laufen in einem Ölbad, so daß die Vertiefungen und/oder Aussparungen in der Anlaufscheibe den Transport des Öls in den Kontaktbereich der Anlaufscheibe ermöglichen. Auf diese Weise wird die Kühlung der Anlaufscheibe im Betrieb gefördert.In a first embodiment of the invention, this object is achieved in that the surface facing the bevel gears has at least one starting Disc has recesses and / or recesses. The bevel gears of the differential run in an oil bath so that the depressions and / or recesses in the thrust washer enable the oil to be transported into the contact area of the thrust washer. In this way, the cooling of the thrust washer is promoted during operation.
Vorzugsweise verlaufen die Vertiefungen und/oder Aussparungen in der Anlaufscheibe in einem Winkel zur radialen Richtung der Anlaufscheibe. Durch diesen schrägen Verlauf haben die Vertiefungen oder Aussparungen eine Erstreckung in Umfangsrichtung. So wird durch die Drehbewegung der Kegelräder das Öl durch die Vertiefung oder die Aussparung hindurchgefördert.The depressions and / or recesses in the thrust washer preferably run at an angle to the radial direction of the thrust washer. Due to this oblique course, the depressions or recesses have an extent in the circumferential direction. The oil is conveyed through the recess or the recess by the rotational movement of the bevel gears.
Vorzugsweise wird der erfindungsgemäße Anlaufscheibenverbund aus einem thermisch hoch widerstandsfähigen Kunststoff hergestellt. Gegenüber dem bisher verwendeten Polyamid 6.6 zeigt beispielsweise ein Polyamid 4.6 eine erhöhte thermische Beständigkeit auf. Besonders geeignet ist auch ein Polyphthalamid (PPA) zur Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Anlaufscheibenverbundes.The thrust washer assembly according to the invention is preferably produced from a thermally highly resistant plastic. Compared to the previously used polyamide 6.6, for example, a polyamide 4.6 shows increased thermal resistance. A polyphthalamide (PPA) is also particularly suitable for producing the thrust washer assembly according to the invention.
Alternativ zu dem Vorschlag, die thermische Belastung durch Erhöhung des Kühlmittelflusses zu reduzieren, wird die erfindungsgemäße Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß mindestens eine Anlaufscheibe in einem Ringbereich, der von dem Innendurchmesser der Anlaufscheibe zumindest bis zu einem dem Außendurchmesser des gegen die Anlaufscheibe anliegenden Bereichs des Kegelrades entsprechenden Durchmesser reicht, aus einem Material mit erhöhter thermischer und/oder mechanischer Festigkeit besteht.As an alternative to the proposal to reduce the thermal load by increasing the coolant flow, the object according to the invention is achieved in that at least one thrust washer in an annular area which extends from the inner diameter of the thrust washer to at least one of the outer diameter of the area of the bevel gear lying against the thrust washer appropriate diameter is sufficient, consists of a material with increased thermal and / or mechanical strength.
Durch die Erhöhung der Festigkeit der Anlaufscheibe im Kontaktbereich läßt sich ebenfalls die Ausfallwahrscheinlichkeit reduzieren. Dabei ist diese Maßnahme insbesondere bei den thermisch und mechanisch hoch beanspruchten Anlaufscheiben für die Antriebskegelräder, die mit den Antriebswellen verbunden sind, sinnvoll. Auf die Antriebskegelräder werden die an den Rädern und den Achsen angreifenden Kräfte zumindest teilweise übertragen, so daß auf die Antriebskegelräder neben der reinen Antriebskraft des Motors weitere dynamische Kräfte wirken, welche die Anlaufscheiben zusätzlich belasten.The probability of failure can also be reduced by increasing the strength of the thrust washer in the contact area. This measure is particularly useful in the case of thrust washers for the drive bevel gears that are connected to the drive shafts and are subjected to high thermal and mechanical loads. The forces acting on the wheels and the axles are at least partially transmitted to the drive bevel gears, so that other dynamic forces act on the drive bevel gears in addition to the pure driving force of the motor, which additionally load the thrust washers.
Vorzugsweise werden alle Anlaufscheiben im Ringbereich, in dem Kontakt mit den Kegelrädern besteht, mit einer gesteigerten Festigkeit hergestellt. _> -Preferably, all thrust washers in the ring area in which there is contact with the bevel gears are produced with increased strength. _> -
Die gesteigerte mechanische Festigkeit kann beispielsweise durch das Einlagern von Füllstoffen wie Kohlefasern oder Glasfasern erzielt werden. Es ist auch möglich, ein mattenartiges Verstärkungsgewebe in den zu verstärkenden Ringbereich einzulegen.The increased mechanical strength can be achieved, for example, by incorporating fillers such as carbon fibers or glass fibers. It is also possible to insert a mat-like reinforcing fabric in the ring area to be reinforced.
Schließlich können die Anlaufscheiben im Kontaktbereich mit den Kegelrädern aus Metall oder Keramik bestehen und mit einem Kunststoff umgössen sein, der die Verbindungsstege bildet, welche die Anlaufscheiben fest miteinander verbinden. Dieser Kunststoff kann im Spritzgießverfahren an den Ringbereich der Anlaufscheiben angespritzt werden, welcher in die Spritzgießform vor der Herstellung einzulegen ist.Finally, the thrust washers in the contact area with the bevel gears can be made of metal or ceramic and encased in a plastic that forms the connecting webs that firmly connect the thrust washers to one another. This plastic can be injection molded onto the ring area of the thrust washers, which is to be inserted into the injection mold prior to manufacture.
Weitere Vorzüge der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der folgenden Zeichnungsbe- Schreibung. Die Zeichnungen zeigen in:Further advantages of the invention result from the following description of the drawing. The drawings show in:
Fig. 1 einen Längsschnitt durch ein Differentialgetriebe, bei dem zwischen dem Gehäuse und den Kegelrädern ein erfindungsgemäßer Anlaufscheibenverbund angeordnet ist, Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht auf den Anlaufscheibenverbund in abgewickeltem Zustand,1 shows a longitudinal section through a differential gear, in which a thrust washer assembly according to the invention is arranged between the housing and the bevel gears, FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the thrust washer assembly in a developed state,
Fig. 3 eine entlang der Schnittlinie III -III geschnittene Darstellung einer Anlaufscheibe für ein Ausgleichskegelrad,3 is a sectional view along the section line III-III of a thrust washer for a differential bevel gear,
Fig. 4 eine gemäß der Schnittlinie IV-IV geschnittene Detaildarstellung eines Ölführungskanals in einer Anlaufscheibe für ein Antriebskegelrad, Fig. 5 eine alternative Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Anlaufscheibenverbundes in einer der Fig. 2 entsprechenden Darstellung und4 shows a detailed illustration of an oil guide channel in a thrust washer for a drive bevel gear cut according to section line IV-IV, FIG. 5 shows an alternative embodiment of the thrust washer assembly according to the invention in a representation corresponding to FIG. 2 and
Fig. 6 eine weitere alternative Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßenFig. 6 shows a further alternative embodiment of the invention
Anlaufscheibenverbundes in einer der Fig. 2 entsprechenden Darstellung.Thrust washer composite in a representation corresponding to FIG. 2.
In der Fig. 1 ist ein Ausgleichs-Differentialgetriebe für den Achsantrieb der Vorderräder eines Kraftfahrzeuges dargestellt. In einem kugelschalenförmigen Differentialgehäuse sind zwei Antriebskegelräder 2 und zwei Ausgleichskegelräder 3 jeweils einander diametral gegenüberliegend angeordnet. Die Antriebskegelräder 2 sind drehfest an den Enden der beiden Antriebswellen 4,5 befestigt. Die kleineren Ausgleichskegelräder 3 sind auf einer gemeinsamen, durch das Differentialgehäuse hindurchgesteckten Ausgleichskegelradachse 6 gelagert. Zwischen den äußeren, kugelmantelförmigen Oberflächen der Kegelräder und der kugelmantelförmigen Innenseite des Differentialgehäuses ist der erfindungsgemäße Anlaufscheibenverbund 7 angeordnet.1, a differential differential gear for the axle drive of the front wheels of a motor vehicle is shown. In a spherical shell-shaped differential housing, two drive bevel gears 2 and two differential bevel gears 3 are each arranged diametrically opposite one another. The drive bevel gears 2 are non-rotatably attached to the ends of the two drive shafts 4, 5. The smaller differential bevel gears 3 are mounted on a common differential bevel gear axis 6 inserted through the differential housing. The thrust washer assembly 7 according to the invention is arranged between the outer, spherical-shell-shaped surfaces of the bevel gears and the spherical-shell-shaped inside of the differential housing.
In Fig. 2 ist eine Abwicklung des Anlauf Scheibenverbundes 7 dargestellt. Die großen Anlaufscheiben 8 für die Antriebskegelräder 2 und die kleinen Anlaufscheiben 9 für die Ausgleichskegelräder 3 sind durch Verbindungsstege 10 miteinander verbunden. Der gesamte Anlaufscheibenverbund besteht aus spritzgegossenem Kunststoff, vorzugsweise Polyamid 4.6 oder Polyphthalamid. Alle seine Bestand- teile, nämlich die großen Anlaufscheiben 8, die kleinen Anlaufscheiben 9 und die Verbindungsstege 10 liegen im entspannten Zustand im wesentlichen auf einer gemeinsamen kugelkalottenförmigen Fläche.2, a development of the start-up of pane assembly 7 is shown. The large thrust washers 8 for the drive bevel gears 2 and the small thrust washers 9 for the differential bevel gears 3 are connected to one another by connecting webs 10. The entire thrust washer assembly is made of injection molded plastic, preferably polyamide 4.6 or polyphthalamide. All of its components, namely the large thrust washers 8, the small thrust washers 9 and the connecting webs 10 lie in the relaxed state essentially on a common spherical cap-shaped surface.
Die großen Anlaufscheiben 8 für die Antriebskegelräder 2 sind mit Vertiefungen 11 versehen, die in Form einer Nut von dem inneren Durchmesser zum äußeren Durchmesser der großen Anlaufscheibe 8 verlaufen. Die durch die Vertiefungen 11 gebildeten Nuten verlaufen auf der in der Fig. 2 dargestellten, gegen die Kegelräder anliegenden Innenseite der großen Anlaufscheibe 8 schräg zu deren radialen Richtung. Die Nuten ermöglichen einen Transport des in dem Differentialgehäuse 1 befindlichen Öls entlang der Kontaktfläche zwischen Anlaufscheibe 8 und Antriebskegelrad 2. Durch den schrägen Verlauf der Nuten 11 werden die Ölpartikel durch die sich relativ zu den großen Anlaufscheiben 8 drehenden Antriebskegelrädern 2 in Umfangsrichtung mitgerissen und durch die Nuten 11 hindurchtransportiert. Der Öltransport erhöht die Kühlung zwischen den Kontaktflächen der Antriebskegelrä- der 2 und der großen Anlaufscheiben 8 und mindert so das Risiko der Beschädigung der großen Anlaufscheibe durch Überhitzung.The large thrust washers 8 for the drive bevel gears 2 are provided with depressions 11 which run in the form of a groove from the inner diameter to the outer diameter of the large thrust washer 8. The grooves formed by the depressions 11 run on the inside of the large thrust washer 8 shown in FIG. 2, which bears against the bevel gears, at an angle to its radial direction. The grooves enable the oil in the differential housing 1 to be transported along the contact surface between the thrust washer 8 and the drive bevel gear 2. Due to the oblique course of the grooves 11, the oil particles are entrained in the circumferential direction by the drive bevel gears 2 rotating relative to the large thrust washers 8 and through the Grooves 11 transported through. The oil transport increases the cooling between the contact surfaces of the drive bevel gears 2 and the large thrust washers 8 and thus reduces the risk of the large thrust washer being damaged by overheating.
Die kleinen Anlaufscheiben 9 für die Ausgleichskegelräder 3 sind mit fensterförmi- gen Aussparungen 12 versehen, welche durch das gesamte Material der Anlauf- Scheiben 9 hindurchragen. Die Aussparungen 12 fördern ebenfalls den Kühlmitteltransport in den Bereich zwischen Kegelräder 2 und Differentialgehäuse 1 und reduzieren zusätzlich die Kontaktfläche zwischen der Anlaufscheibe 9 und dem Ausgleichskegelrad 3. Durch letztere Maßnahme wird bei der relativen Drehbewegung des Ausgleichskegelrades 3 gegenüber der in dem Differentialgehäuse ortsfesten kleinen Anlaufscheibe 9 die Erzeugung von Reibungswärme reduziert. Es versteht sich, daß die Aussparungen 12 nicht zwangsläufig rechteckig ausgebildet sein müssen, sondern auch runde oder ovale Formen annehmen können. Weiterhin können bei einer nicht dargestellten Ausführungsform der Erfindung die Aussparungen mit nutartigen Vertiefungen kombiniert werden, so daß der Öltrans- port aus den Aussparungen zu den Rädern der Anlaufscheiben gefördert wird.The small thrust washers 9 for the differential bevel gears 3 are provided with window-shaped recesses 12 which protrude through the entire material of the thrust washers 9. The recesses 12 also promote the transport of coolant into the area between the bevel gears 2 and differential housing 1 and additionally reduce the contact area between the thrust washer 9 and the differential bevel gear 3 the generation of frictional heat is reduced. It goes without saying that the cutouts 12 do not necessarily have to be rectangular, but can also take on round or oval shapes. Furthermore, in an embodiment of the invention which is not shown, the cutouts can be combined with groove-like depressions, so that the oil is transported from the cutouts to the wheels of the thrust washers.
Zwei alternative Ausführungsformen sind in den Fig. 5 und 6 dargestellt. Diese Figuren zeigen wiederum jeweils eine Abwicklung eines kugelkalottenförmigen Anlaufscheibenverbundes .Two alternative embodiments are shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. These figures each show a development of a spherical cap-shaped thrust washer assembly.
Bei dem in Fig. 5 dargestellten Anlaufscheibenverbund 7' ist jeweils der innere Ringbereich 13 zu erkennen, der sich von dem Innendurchmesser jeder Anlaufscheibe 8' , 9' bis zu einem Außenradius erstreckt, der zumindest bis zu dem Außenradius des gegen die Anlaufscheibe 8' , 9' anliegenden Bereiches des Kegelra- des reicht. Die in der Fig. 5 dargestellten Ringbereiche 13 sind durch in das Kunststoffmaterial eingelagerte Verstärkungsfasern, beispielsweise Glasfasern oder Kohlefasern, verstärkt.In the case of the thrust washer assembly 7 'shown in FIG. 5, the inner ring region 13 can be seen in each case, which extends from the inner diameter of each thrust washer 8', 9 'to an outer radius which at least up to the outer radius of the thrust washer 8', 9 'adjacent area of the bevel gear is sufficient. The ring regions 13 shown in FIG. 5 are reinforced by reinforcing fibers embedded in the plastic material, for example glass fibers or carbon fibers.
Die Fig. 6 zeigt einen Anlaufscheibenverbund 7" , bei dem die kugelkalottenförmi- gen Anschlaufscheiben 8", 9" in dem Ringbereich 13' , in dem sie Kontakt mit denFIG. 6 shows a thrust washer assembly 7 ″ in which the spherical cap-shaped thrust washers 8 ″, 9 ″ in the ring region 13 ′ in which they contact the
Kegelrädern haben, aus einem harten Material, z.B. Stahl oder Keramik, bestehen.Have bevel gears made of a hard material, e.g. Steel or ceramic.
Die Stahl- oder Keramikringelemente werden in eine Spritzgießform eingelegt und an ihrem äußeren Umfang mit einer Kunststoffmasse im Spritzgießverfahren umspritzt, welches die Verbindungsstege 10 bildet. The steel or ceramic ring elements are placed in an injection mold and overmolded on their outer circumference with a plastic compound in the injection molding process, which forms the connecting webs 10.
Bezugszeichenliste :Reference symbol list:
1 Differentialgehäuse1 differential housing
2 Antriebskegelrad 3 Ausgleichskegelrad2 drive bevel gear 3 differential bevel gear
4 Antriebswelle4 drive shaft
5 Antriebswelle5 drive shaft
6 Ausgleichskegelradachse 1,1' ,1" Anlaufscheibenverbund 8, 8 ' ,8" große Anlaufscheibe 9,9' , 9" kleine Anlaufscheibe6 differential bevel gear axis 1.1 ', 1 "thrust washer assembly 8, 8', 8" large thrust washer 9.9 ', 9 "small thrust washer
10 Verbindungssteg10 connecting bridge
11 Vertiefung, Nut11 recess, groove
12 Aussparung 13,13' Ringbereich 12 recess 13, 13 'ring area

Claims

Ansprüche: Expectations:
1. Verbund von insbesondere kugelkalottenförmigen Anlaufscheiben (8,9), die zwischen dem Gehäuse (1) und den Kegelrädern (2,3) eines Differentialgetriebes anzuordnen sind, wobei mehrere, vorzugsweise vier Anlaufscheiben (8,9) untereinander durch Stege (10) zu einer Baueinheit verbunden sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die den Kegelrädern (2,3) zugewandte Oberfläche mindestens einer Anlaufscheibe (8,9) Vertiefungen (11) und/oder Aussparungen (12) aufweist.1. Compound of in particular spherical cap-shaped thrust washers (8, 9) which are to be arranged between the housing (1) and the bevel gears (2, 3) of a differential gear, several, preferably four thrust washers (8, 9) being interconnected by webs (10) are connected to form a structural unit, characterized in that the surface facing the bevel gears (2, 3) has at least one thrust washer (8, 9) depressions (11) and / or cutouts (12).
2. Verbund von Anlaufscheiben nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vertiefungen (11) und/oder Aussparungen (12) in einem Winkel zur radialen Richtung der Anlaufscheiben (8,9) verlaufen.2. Compound of thrust washers according to claim 1, characterized in that the depressions (11) and / or recesses (12) extend at an angle to the radial direction of the thrust washers (8,9).
3. Verbund von Anlaufscheiben nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anlaufscheiben (8,9) und die Verbindungsstege (10) aus Polyamid 4.6 bestehen.3. Compound of thrust washers according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the thrust washers (8,9) and the connecting webs (10) consist of polyamide 4.6.
4. Verbund von Anlaufscheiben nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anlaufscheiben (8,9) und die Verbindungsstege (10) aus Polyphthalamid (PPA) bestehen.4. Compound of thrust washers according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the thrust washers (8,9) and the connecting webs (10) consist of polyphthalamide (PPA).
5. Verbund von insbesondere kugelkalottenförmigen Anlaufscheiben (8' ,9' ;8" ,9"), die zwischen dem Gehäuse (1) und den Kegelrädern (2,3) eines Differentialgetriebes anzuordnen sind, wobei mehrere, vorzugsweise vier Anlaufscheiben (8' ,9' ;8",9") untereinander durch flache Verbindungsstege (10) aus Kunststoff zu einer Baueinheit verbunden sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens eine Anlaufscheibe (8' ,9' ;8" ,9") in einem Ringbereich (13,13'), der von dem Innendurchmesser der Anlaufscheibe (8' ,9';8",9") zumindest bis zu einem dem Außendurchmesser des gegen die Anlaufscheibe anliegenden Bereichs des Kegelrades (2,3) entsprechenden Durchmesser reicht, aus einem Material mit erhöhter thermischer und/oder mechanischer Festigkeit besteht.5. Compound of in particular spherical cap-shaped thrust washers (8 ', 9'; 8 ", 9") which are to be arranged between the housing (1) and the bevel gears (2, 3) of a differential gear, several, preferably four thrust washers (8 ' , 9 '; 8 ", 9") are connected to one another by flat connecting webs (10) made of plastic, characterized in that at least one thrust washer (8', 9 '; 8 ", 9") in an annular area (13 , 13 '), which extends from the inner diameter of the thrust washer (8', 9 '; 8 ", 9") at least to a diameter corresponding to the outer diameter of the area of the bevel gear (2, 3) lying against the thrust washer, made of one material with increased thermal and / or mechanical strength.
6. Verbund von Anlaufscheiben nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er aus Kunststoff besteht und daß in dem Ringbereich (13) der Anlaufscheiben (8' , 9') Verstärkungsfasern, insbesondere Glasfasern oder Kohlefasern, eingelagert sind. 6. Compound of thrust washers according to claim 4, characterized in that it consists of plastic and that in the ring region (13) of the thrust washers (8 ', 9') reinforcing fibers, in particular glass fibers or carbon fibers, are incorporated.
7. Verbund von Anlaufscheiben nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Ringbereich der Anlaufscheiben ein Verstärkungsgewebe, insbesondere aus Glasfasern oder Kohlefasern, mit dem Kunststoff umgössen ist.7. Compound of thrust washers according to claim 4, characterized in that in the ring region of the thrust washers, a reinforcing fabric, in particular made of glass fibers or carbon fibers, is cast with the plastic.
8. Verbund von Anlauf Scheiben nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ringbereich (13') der Anlaufscheiben (8", 9") aus Metall oder Keramik besteht und daß die Verbindungsstege aus mit dem Ringbereich fest verbundenem Kunststoff bestehen.8. Compound of thrust washers according to claim 4, characterized in that the ring region (13 ') of the thrust washers (8 ", 9") consists of metal or ceramic and that the connecting webs consist of plastic firmly connected to the ring region.
9. Verbund von Anlaufscheiben nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kunststoff im Spritzgießverfahren an den Ringbereich (13') der Anlauf Scheiben (8",9") angespritzt ist. 9. Compound of thrust washers according to claim 7, characterized in that the plastic is injection-molded onto the ring region (13 ') of the thrust washers (8 ", 9").
EP98940140A 1997-07-12 1998-07-04 Combined stop rings Ceased EP0995058A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1997130004 DE19730004A1 (en) 1997-07-12 1997-07-12 Thrust washer assembly
DE19730004 1997-07-12
PCT/EP1998/004143 WO1999002894A1 (en) 1997-07-12 1998-07-04 Combined stop rings

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EP0995058A2 true EP0995058A2 (en) 2000-04-26

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EP98940140A Ceased EP0995058A2 (en) 1997-07-12 1998-07-04 Combined stop rings

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DE (1) DE19730004A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1999002894A1 (en)

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DE10014875B4 (en) * 2000-03-24 2010-04-22 Volkswagen Ag Differential with a thrust washer assembly and method of making a tarnish
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FR3001271B1 (en) * 2013-01-22 2015-03-06 Renault Sa "DIFFERENTIAL TRANSMISSION, IN PARTICULAR FOR MOTOR VEHICLE"
FR3007484A3 (en) * 2013-06-25 2014-12-26 Renault Sa "TRANSMISSION DIFFERENTIAL HAVING FRICTION HALF SHELL"
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WO1999002894A1 (en) 1999-01-21

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