EP0987068B1 - Method and device for the extrusion of a hollow section or similar body from bars - Google Patents

Method and device for the extrusion of a hollow section or similar body from bars Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0987068B1
EP0987068B1 EP99810787A EP99810787A EP0987068B1 EP 0987068 B1 EP0987068 B1 EP 0987068B1 EP 99810787 A EP99810787 A EP 99810787A EP 99810787 A EP99810787 A EP 99810787A EP 0987068 B1 EP0987068 B1 EP 0987068B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
die
inlet
section
shape
extrusion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99810787A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0987068A2 (en
EP0987068A3 (en
Inventor
Adolf Ames
Diethelm Wömpner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
3A Composites International AG
Original Assignee
Alcan Technology and Management Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcan Technology and Management Ltd filed Critical Alcan Technology and Management Ltd
Publication of EP0987068A2 publication Critical patent/EP0987068A2/en
Publication of EP0987068A3 publication Critical patent/EP0987068A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0987068B1 publication Critical patent/EP0987068B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
    • B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
    • B21C23/08—Making wire, bars, tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C33/00—Feeding extrusion presses with metal to be extruded ; Loading the dummy block
    • B21C33/006—Consecutive billets, e.g. billet profiles allowing air expulsion or bonding of billets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for extrusion a hollow profile or the like.
  • Body from an ingot that is in a recipient is drilled in a transducer, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention a particularly suitable device.
  • the material that has become ductile becomes one - in the metal sector from non-ferrous, sintered metals or steel, but especially from an aluminum alloy preformed - heated cast ingot or rolled rod section from a stamp - or at the hydrostatic Extrusion using a liquid - from a recipient through one or more shape cross section / s of a the molding tool crossing the pressing direction.
  • the stamp moves directly or forward extrusion towards the expiry of the emerging profile on the Shape cross section too, with indirect or reverse extrusion the material goes through against the direction of the stamp pressed a tool attached to the hollow stamp is.
  • hollow profile tools with die plate used, as disclosed for example in DE 24 46 308 A1.
  • the die plate is used to shape the profile outer contour integrated into a mandrel part.
  • mandrel - in the case of multi-chamber profiles there are several mandrels Shape of the inner contour to be determined that the mandrel into the die plate and over whose formative area protrudes.
  • the ductile material is fed into the Press tool directed that the partial strands of each enemas under mandrel support arms - in a welding chamber - - flow together again and weld together.
  • the material or the aluminum alloy flows in a further pressing process past the mandrel and the die opening and takes on the intended shape of the hollow profile.
  • the inlets are always outside around the profile cavity - or their several - arranged around; the aluminum alloy is the shaping area of the tool from the outside and mainly fed through several inlets. Should in the case of multi-chamber hollow profiles can not be adequately fed outside Material inlets for feeding also indoors of the hollow profile provided.
  • the main enemas are always over the outer contour of the profile cavity is arranged.
  • the size of a hollow profile that can be produced - its maximum possible circumferential diameter - is due to the recipient diameter and the size of the outside around the cavity arranged inlets and the load capacity of the mentioned Mandrel support arms limited.
  • metal bars in particular those made of aluminum alloys, with contamination - for example Lubricant residues - as well as with an oxide layer are covered.
  • oxide particles on the The forehead and mantle surface can be extremely harmful prove for the structure of the profile; the through it emerging zone with contaminating inclusions is - depending on profile shape and pressing speed - relatively long and forces with increasing quality requirements in addition, always longer profile sections than waste to take out of the emerging strand - with everyone resulting consequences of decreasing economy with shrinking profile output.
  • JP-A-05 007 925 discloses an extrusion device again with a tool block in front of a recipient, in which has several outwardly inclined channels a flat entrance trough connect with a shaping cross section. On the tool inlet side connects to a recipient whose Recipient bore is slightly wider than that inlet trough, to prevent contamination on the stud wall slough.
  • the Recipient drilling a plate with a subordinate conically widening central opening, which in a Pressing direction merges chamber surrounding; latter on the other hand ends with an annular gap that goes into the Mold opening leads.
  • the material of the ingot is below the Press pressure in a central inlet of the mold introduced and the resulting ductile mass in an angle to the pressing direction outwards through several channels led to the shaping cross section.
  • the material to be pressed arrives So no longer by several outside around the hollow profile arranged inlets to the shaping area, but will through a central inlet opening inside the hollow profile cavity fed. From this middle inlet flows over the pressed material according to the teaching of the invention radial and outwardly inclined channels of a large one Welding chamber and the molding area.
  • the radius of the profile to be produced can be significantly larger be than the recipient diameter.
  • a device for Extrusion of a hollow profile or the like Body from one Ingot in a recipient bore of a transducer guided and by means of a press ram in the pressing direction is supplied to that shaping cross section at which of the tool inlet side of the mold into this an approximately central inlet within the profile cavity is molded, from the wall at an angle of preferably more than 90 ° to the forehead several arm-like Run out channels; this is connected to that of a welding chamber subordinate shaping cross section.
  • the center inlet is preferably arranged in the center of the tool.
  • irregular Profile shapes become the area focus of the Infeed as possible in the center of gravity of the profile or in the middle of the tool - or in another suitable area of the profile cavity - provided.
  • the profile size can be produced by Geometrically, press size and recipient diameter are not is limited; it can with small recipient diameter also on extrusion presses with relatively low press force Pipes or hollow profiles with a large circumferential diameter can be produced as the necessary for the forming Quantities of pressed material over center inlets with a small opening cross-section - so small opening diameter - the Shaping zone can be supplied. So it becomes possible Profiles with a small cross-sectional area with a large circumferential diameter even when difficult to form Materials from small recipients with high spec. Pressure too shape, which makes the cross-sectional spectrum strong is expanded.
  • the tool load is in that for the profile shaping important area - namely inside the mandrel part - essential deeper, because the load is only through the cross-sectional opening the middle inlet is built up and not as in conventional tools over the entire cross-sectional area Profile cavity surfaces projected onto the tool inlet side.
  • the main load over the press stud cross-section takes place in the tool area outside the central Inlet or middle inlets. This burden can on the outside of the tool - so not shaping area - added via support tools become.
  • the procedurally lower tool load results in longer use more form-fitting profiles or allowed at the production of lighter cross sections or those made of difficult to form profile materials.
  • An extrusion press 10 for the direct extrusion of profiles 12 has, according to FIG. 1, a press ram 16 on a press cylinder 14, which runs in the longitudinal axis A of a bore 19 passing through a recipient or receiver 18.
  • the diameter d of a press disk 17 on the free end face of the press die 16 is slightly shorter than the free bore diameter d 1 , so that the press die 16 is able to plunge into the so-called recipient bore.
  • the mentioned free bore diameter d 1 is limited by the inner surface 20 of a recipient sleeve 21 inserted into the receiver 18 or its bore 19.
  • the interior of this recipient sleeve 21 is referred to below as the recipient bore 22.
  • the rest position of the press ram 16 is dimensioned that the recipient bore 22 is indicated at 24 Block or bars of light metal - especially one preheated aluminum alloy - by a loading carriage 26 set in front and from the punch 16 in the pressing direction x are inserted into the recipient bore 22 can.
  • a plate-like matrix as forming tool 32 Near an the ram 16 remote recipient end 23 a resting in a die holder 28 at a cross-head 30, a plate-like matrix as forming tool 32. This is followed in Fig. 1 - x in the direction of pressing - a discharge channel 34 of the crosshead 30 through which a Shape cross section of the die 32 is removed profile 12 is removed.
  • a lifting device 36 for a shear knife 38 can be seen above the recipient 18 in FIG. 1 and is provided such that it can move radially to a gap 40 between the pickup 18 and the molding tool 32.
  • a mandrel part 33 is provided between the recipient 18 and the plate-like die 32 for generating an inner contour of an emerging profile 12 a .
  • the die plate is followed in the pressing direction x by a pressure plate 42 in a pressure plate holder 44.
  • a pressure ring 46 connects to that pressure plate 42 and a wear ring 48 in the crosshead 30 connects to this.
  • a tool holder for the tool holder 28, the pressure plate holder 44 and the pressure ring 46 is indicated at 50.
  • a so-called pressing rest 52 from which the pressing disk 17 has been removed, is found at the end of the recipient bore 22 remote from the punch on the tool surface facing it. That tool surface remains at a distance from the recipient face 23 a thanks to an orifice collar 54 formed by the protrusion h of the recipient sleeve 21. Also on the rear recipient front 23, the recipient bore 22 surrounds an annular collar 56 as a protrusion of the recipient sleeve 21.
  • the recipient or receiver 18 is moved back - for example by more than 450 mm - until the press residue 52 is free (FIG. 5). If the ingot 24 protrudes beyond the mouth collar 54 in a cantilever length t of, for example, about 10 mm, the ingot 24 is compressed with the press ram 16; the ingot 24 should not be able to be moved by the shear knife 38 in a subsequent shearing process. Before this shearing process, the pickup 18 is moved back against the pressing direction x until the rear tool surface of the molding tool or the die 32 is at a distance from the recipient face 23 a . In this position transducer 18 and die 32 are temporarily fixed.
  • the pickup 18 is returned to the Die or the mold 32 driven - the pressing process can start again.
  • 7, 8 represent a plate-like molding tool or a die 32 with a diameter n of approximately 500 mm from two die parts 31, 31 a for producing a rotationally symmetrical tube 12 r or the like. Hollow profile circular cross-section with the inside diameter q of here 236 mm.
  • a so-called center inlet 64 of a frustoconical shape - with the die axis M as a line of symmetry - is molded into the die end 62 of the mandrel or die part 31 near the die.
  • the diameter d 2 of its inlet contour K measures 170 mm.
  • Arm-like channels 66 branch off from the inlet wall 65, which is inclined at an angle w to the die face 62, here 65 °, whose channel outer contour 67 falling into the image plane runs approximately parallel to the contour of the inlet wall 65, which is diametrically distant in this image plane, and with the other visible - adjacent - limit the inlet wall 65 to an angle w 1 of here 50 °. 7 - in the pressing direction x gradually tapering to a dome-like end section 66 e - channels 66 end in the pressing direction x at an annular welding chamber 68, which has a circular shaping cross section 70 of width z - for the corresponding wall thickness of the Rohres 12 r - follows.
  • the shaping cross section 70 is delimited on the inside by the annular peripheral surface 72 of a mandrel 74 here.
  • the material to be pressed is therefore not - as usual - supplied to the shaping region through a plurality of inlets arranged on the outside around the hollow profile or tube 12 r , but rather only through that central inlet 64 a from the center inlet 64 to the outside of that welding chamber 68 and the shaping cross section 70.
  • the center of gravity becomes of the infeed, if possible, in the center of mass of the profile or in the middle of the tool M - or in another suitable one Area of the profile cavity - provided.
  • hollow profiles 12 p polygonal or asymmetrical profile shape can be formed with a central inlet 64 a .
  • its inlet wall 65 produces an asymmetrical cross-sectional shape, ie the die axis M lies outside the inlet axis M 1 .
  • the required quantity of material supply can be achieved via at least two of the center inlets 64 described, as indicated by FIGS. 11, 12 on the molding tool 32 a .
  • the central axes M 1 of the center inlets 64 run at a radial distance k to the die axis M.
  • the production of round tubes 12 r of different diameters q and wall thicknesses y can be carried out using molding tools 32 b , in which mandrel rings 76 of different outer diameters and die plates 31 a of different inner diameters are provided in defined cross-sectional areas.
  • the main load over the press stud cross-section takes place in the tool area outside the center inlet or the middle enemas 64.
  • This burden can according to the arrows Q on the outside of the Forming tool 30 - ie the non-shaping area Support tools are included.
  • FIG. 16 The oblique view of FIG. 16 on a mandrel part 31 of a die 32 impressively shows their structure with the center inlet 64, the subsequent channels 66 and one in the Protruding die axis, the profile inner surface - and thus determining the inner boundary 72 of the shaping cross section 70 Dornanformung 74 plate-shaped shape.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The extrusion process produces a hollow strip (12) or similar from a bar taken through a boring and brought to the molding cross section of a molding tool (32) by a press punch. The bar material is taken under pressure into the central input of the molding tool. The ductile mass thus produced is taken outwards at an angle to the pressing direction through several channels to the molding cross section.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Strangpressen eines Hohlprofils od.dgl. Körpers aus einem Barren, der in einer Rezipientenbohrung eines Aufnehmers geführt wird, nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1. Zudem erfasst die Erfindung eine dafür besonders geeignete Vorrichtung.The invention relates to a method for extrusion a hollow profile or the like. Body from an ingot that is in a recipient is drilled in a transducer, according to the preamble of claim 1. Also recorded the invention a particularly suitable device.

Beim Strangpressen wird der duktil gewordene Werkstoff eines -- im Metallbereich etwa aus Bunt-, Sintermetallen oder Stahl, aber insbesondere aus einer Aluminiumlegierung vorgeformten -- erwärmten Gussbarrens oder Walzstababschnittes von einem Stempel -- oder beim hydrostatischen Strangpressen mittels einer Flüssigkeit -- aus einem Rezipienten durch einen oder mehrere Formquerschnitt/e eines die Pressrichtung querenden Formwerkzeuges gepresst. Beim direkten oder Vorwärtsstrangpressen bewegt sich der Stempel in Richtung des Ablaufes des entstehenden Profils auf den Formquerschnitt zu, beim indirekten oder Rückwärts-Strangpressen wird der Werkstoff gegen die Stempelrichtung durch ein Werkzeug gedrückt, das am hohlen Stempel festgelegt ist.During extrusion, the material that has become ductile becomes one - in the metal sector from non-ferrous, sintered metals or steel, but especially from an aluminum alloy preformed - heated cast ingot or rolled rod section from a stamp - or at the hydrostatic Extrusion using a liquid - from a recipient through one or more shape cross section / s of a the molding tool crossing the pressing direction. At the The stamp moves directly or forward extrusion towards the expiry of the emerging profile on the Shape cross section too, with indirect or reverse extrusion the material goes through against the direction of the stamp pressed a tool attached to the hollow stamp is.

Zur Erzeugung von Hohlprofilen werden für den Strangpressvorgang sog. Hohlprofilwerkzeuge mit Matrizenplatte eingesetzt, wie sie beispielsweise die DE 24 46 308 A1 offenbart. Die Matrizenplatte ist zur Formgebung der Profilaußenkontur in einen Dornteil integriert. In letzterem ist ein Dorn -- bei Mehrkammerprofilen sind es mehrere Dorne -zur Formgebung der werdenden Innenkontur so festgelegt, dass der Dorn in die Matrizenplatte hinein und bis über deren formgebenden Bereich hinaus ragt. Bei diesem Verfahren wird der duktile Werkstoff über Einläufe so in das Presswerkzeug geleitet, dass die Teilstränge der einzelnen Einläufe unter Dorntragarmen -- in einer Schweisskammer - - wieder zusammenfließen und miteinander verschweißen. Beim weiteren Pressvorgang fließt der Werkstoff bzw. die Aluminiumlegierung an dem Dorn und dem Matrizendurchbruch vorbei und nimmt dabei die vorgesehene Gestalt des Hohlprofils an. Die Einläufe sind stets außen um den Profilhohlraum -- oder deren mehrere -- herum angeordnet; die Aluminiumlegierung wird dem formgebenden Bereich des Werkzeuges von außen und vor allem über mehrere Einläufe zugeführt. Sollten im Falle von Mehrkammerhohlprofilen Hohlprofilinnenbereiche von außen nicht ausreichend gespeist werden können, werden auch Materialeinläufe zur Speisung zusätzlich im Innenbereich des Hohlprofils vorgesehen. Stets sind die Haupteinläufe um die Außenkontur des Profilhohlraumes angeordnet.To produce hollow profiles are used for the extrusion process so-called hollow profile tools with die plate used, as disclosed for example in DE 24 46 308 A1. The die plate is used to shape the profile outer contour integrated into a mandrel part. In the latter is one mandrel - in the case of multi-chamber profiles there are several mandrels Shape of the inner contour to be determined that the mandrel into the die plate and over whose formative area protrudes. With this procedure the ductile material is fed into the Press tool directed that the partial strands of each enemas under mandrel support arms - in a welding chamber - - flow together again and weld together. At the The material or the aluminum alloy flows in a further pressing process past the mandrel and the die opening and takes on the intended shape of the hollow profile. The inlets are always outside around the profile cavity - or their several - arranged around; the aluminum alloy is the shaping area of the tool from the outside and mainly fed through several inlets. Should in the case of multi-chamber hollow profiles can not be adequately fed outside Material inlets for feeding also indoors of the hollow profile provided. The main enemas are always over the outer contour of the profile cavity is arranged.

Die Größe eines herstellbaren Hohlprofiles -- sein maximal möglicher Umkreisdurchmesser -- ist dabei durch den Rezipientendurchmesser und die Größe der außen um den Hohlraum angeordneten Einläufe sowie die Tragfähigkeit der erwähnten Dorntragarme begrenzt.The size of a hollow profile that can be produced - its maximum possible circumferential diameter - is due to the recipient diameter and the size of the outside around the cavity arranged inlets and the load capacity of the mentioned Mandrel support arms limited.

Im allgemeinen ist bei marktüblichen Strangpressen die mit diesen herstellbare Profilgröße durch die Pressengröße, den verwendeten Rezipientendurchmesser und die Werkzeugtragfähigkeit begrenzt. Mit der Dimensionierung letzterer bei Großhohlprofilen mit großer Dornfläche beschäftigen sich die erwähnte DE 24 46 308 sowie die DE 28 12 690 der Anmelderin. Auch die Güte der Pressnähte wird durch das Einfließen der Pressbolzenrandzone in die Außeneinläufe im Strangpresswerkzeug beeinflusst mit der möglichen Folge, zum Abdrehen des Pressbolzens vor dessen Einsatz gezwungen zu sein. Desweiteren wird die Formgebungsfähigkeit und Lebensdauer der Strangpresswerkzeuge durch die hohe Belastung der Werkzeugdornfläche und den durch diese hohe Belastung verursachten Kriechvorgang sowie die Durchbiegung erheblich vermindert. In general, with extruders customary in the market this producible profile size by the press size, the used recipient diameter and the tool carrying capacity limited. With the dimensioning of the latter at Large hollow profiles with a large thorn area deal with the aforementioned DE 24 46 308 and DE 28 12 690 of the applicant. The quality of the press seams is also influenced by the flow the press stud edge zone in the outer inlets in Extrusion tool influences with the possible consequence forced to turn off the press bolt before use to be. Furthermore, the formability and lifespan of extrusion tools due to the high load of the tool mandrel surface and due to this high load caused creep and the deflection considerably reduced.

Zu beachten ist auch, dass Metallbarren, insbesondere solche aus Aluminiumlegierungen, mit Verunreinigung -- beispielsweise Schmierstoffresten -- sowie mit einer Oxidschicht überzogen sind. Vor allem die Oxidpartikel an der Barrenstirn und Mantelfläche können sich als äußerst schädlich für das Gefüge des Profils erweisen; die durch sie entstehende Zone mit verunreinigenden Einschlüssen ist -- in Abhängigkeit von Profilform und Pressgeschwindigkeit -- verhältnismäßig lang und zwingt bei zunehmenden Qualitätsanforderungen dazu, immer längere Profilabschnitte als Abfall aus dem entstehenden Strang herauszunehmen - mit allen sich daraus ergebenden Folgen abnehmender Wirtschaftlichkeit bei schrumpfendem Profilausstoß.It should also be noted that metal bars, in particular those made of aluminum alloys, with contamination - for example Lubricant residues - as well as with an oxide layer are covered. Especially the oxide particles on the The forehead and mantle surface can be extremely harmful prove for the structure of the profile; the through it emerging zone with contaminating inclusions is - depending on profile shape and pressing speed - relatively long and forces with increasing quality requirements in addition, always longer profile sections than waste to take out of the emerging strand - with everyone resulting consequences of decreasing economy with shrinking profile output.

Die JP-A-05 007 925 gibt eine Vorrichtung zum Strangpressen wieder mit einem Rezipienten vorgesetztem Werkzeugblock, in welchem mehrere nach außen geneigte Kanäle eine flache Eingangsmulde mit einem Formgebungsquerschnitt verbinden. An die Werkzeugeinlaufseite schließt ein Rezipient an, dessen Rezipientenbohrung geringfügig breiter ist als jene Einlaufmulde, um an der Bolzenwandung vorhandene Verunreinigungen abzustreifen. Bei einer anderen Ausführung ist der Rezipientenbohrung ein Teller nachgeordnet mit einer sich konisch erweiternden mittigen Öffnung, welche in eine die Pressrichtung ringförmig umgebende Kammer übergeht; letztere endet anderseits mit einem Ringspalt, der in die Formöffnung führt.JP-A-05 007 925 discloses an extrusion device again with a tool block in front of a recipient, in which has several outwardly inclined channels a flat entrance trough connect with a shaping cross section. On the tool inlet side connects to a recipient whose Recipient bore is slightly wider than that inlet trough, to prevent contamination on the stud wall slough. In another version, the Recipient drilling a plate with a subordinate conically widening central opening, which in a Pressing direction merges chamber surrounding; latter on the other hand ends with an annular gap that goes into the Mold opening leads.

In Kenntnis dieser Gegebenheiten hat sich der Erfinder das Ziel gesetzt, herstellbare Profilweiten von der Pressengeometrie möglichst weitgehend unabhängig werden zu lassen. Zudem sollen beim Strangpressen insbesondere von Aluminiumlegierungen auftretende Verunreinigungsbereiche unterbunden werden.Knowing these facts, the inventor did it Aim set, producible profile widths from the press geometry to become as independent as possible. In addition, extrusion in particular of aluminum alloys occurring contamination areas prevented become.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe führt die Lehre der unabhängigen Patentansprüche; die Unteransprüche geben günstige Ausgestaltungen an. Zudem fallen in den Rahmen der Erfindung alle Kombinationen aus zumindest zwei der in der Beschreibung, der Zeichnung und/oder den Ansprüchen offenbarten Merkmale.The teaching of the independent leads to the solution of this task claims; the subclaims give favorable designs on. In addition, fall within the scope of the invention all combinations of at least two of those in the description, the drawing and / or the claims disclosed Characteristics.

Erfindungsgemäß wird der Werkstoff des Barrens unter dem Pressdruck in einen zentralen Einlauf des Formwerkzeuges eingebracht und die dabei entstehende duktile Masse in einem Winkel zur Pressrichtung nach außen durch mehrere Kanäle zum Formgebungsquerschnitt geführt. Das Pressgut gelangt also nicht'mehr durch mehrere außen um das Hohlprofil angeordnete Einläufe zum Formgebungsbereich, sondern wird durch eine zentrische Einlauföffnung im Inneren des Hohlprofilhohlraums zugeführt. Von diesem Mitteneinlauf aus fließt das Pressgut nach der erfindungsgemäßen Lehre über radial und nach außen geneigt angeordnete Kanäle einer großen Schweißkammer und dem Formgebungsbereich zu.According to the invention, the material of the ingot is below the Press pressure in a central inlet of the mold introduced and the resulting ductile mass in an angle to the pressing direction outwards through several channels led to the shaping cross section. The material to be pressed arrives So no longer by several outside around the hollow profile arranged inlets to the shaping area, but will through a central inlet opening inside the hollow profile cavity fed. From this middle inlet flows over the pressed material according to the teaching of the invention radial and outwardly inclined channels of a large one Welding chamber and the molding area.

Der Umkreis des herzustellenen Profils kann deutlich größer sein als der Rezipientendurchmesser.The radius of the profile to be produced can be significantly larger be than the recipient diameter.

Im Rahmen der Erfindung liegt auch eine Vorrichtung zum Strangpressen eines Hohlprofiles od.dgl. Körpers aus einem Barren, der in einer Rezipientenbohrung eines Aufnehmers geführt und mittels eines Pressstempels in Pressrichtung jenem Formgebungsquerschnitt zugeführt wird, bei der von der Werkzeugeinlaufseite des Formwerkzeuges her in dieses ein etwa mittiger Einlauf innerhalb des Profilhohlraumes eingeformt ist, von dessen Wandung in einem Winkel von vorzugsweise mehr als 90° zur Matrizenstirn mehrere armartige Kanäle ausgehen; an diese schließt der einer Schweißkammer nachgeordnete Formgebungsquerschnitt an.A device for Extrusion of a hollow profile or the like. Body from one Ingot in a recipient bore of a transducer guided and by means of a press ram in the pressing direction is supplied to that shaping cross section at which of the tool inlet side of the mold into this an approximately central inlet within the profile cavity is molded, from the wall at an angle of preferably more than 90 ° to the forehead several arm-like Run out channels; this is connected to that of a welding chamber subordinate shaping cross section.

Bei rotationssymmetrischen Profilen ist der Mitteneinlauf bevorzugt im Zentrum des Werkzeuges angeordnet. Bei unregelmäßigen Profilformen wird der Flächenschwerpunkt des Einlaufes möglichst im Masseschwerpunkt des Profiles oder in Werkzeugmitte -- oder in einem anderen geeigneten Bereich des Profilhohlraumes -- vorgesehen.In the case of rotationally symmetrical profiles, the center inlet is preferably arranged in the center of the tool. With irregular Profile shapes become the area focus of the Infeed as possible in the center of gravity of the profile or in the middle of the tool - or in another suitable area of the profile cavity - provided.

Sollen Hohlprofile mit großem Seitenlängenverhältnis oder asymmetrischer Profilform hergestellt werden, wird die erforderliche mengengleiche Materialzuführung nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung über wenigstens zwei der beschriebenen Mitteneinläufe erreicht, die jeweils zentrales Einlaufelement für die -- von ihnen nach außen geneigt -- ausgehenden Kanäle sind.Should hollow profiles with a large aspect ratio or Asymmetrical profile shape will be produced, the required same amount of material feed after another Feature of the invention over at least two of the described Center enemas reached, each central Inlet element for the - inclined outwards from them - outgoing channels.

Bei bestimmten Profilquerschnitten mag es in Sonderfällen notwendig werden, zur Speisung bestimmter Profilpartien neben dem zentralen Mitteneinlauf Materialzuführungskanäle auch außerhalb des Mitteneinlaufs bzw. des Profilhohlraumes anzuordnen. In all diesen Sonderfällen dient der sog. Mitteneinlauf ebenfalls als Haupteinlauf; jene Materialzuführungskanäle haben lediglich eine ergänzende Funktion.With certain profile cross sections, it may be in special cases become necessary to feed certain profile sections in addition the central center inlet material supply channels also outside the center inlet or the profile cavity to arrange. In all these special cases, the so-called center inlet is used also as main entrance; those material feed channels only have a complementary function.

Das Herstellen von Rundrohren unterschiedlicher Durchmesser und Wanddicken kann mit Mitteneinlaufgrundwerkzeugen erfolgen, bei denen vorteilhafterweise Dornringe unterschiedlicher Außendurchmesser und Matrizenplatten unterschiedlicher Innendurchmesser in festgelegten Querschnittsbereichen vorgesehen werden.The manufacture of round tubes of different diameters and wall thicknesses can be done with central inlet basic tools, in which advantageously mandrel rings different Outside diameter and die plates different Internal diameter provided in specified cross-sectional areas become.

Einer der mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorgehensweise erzielten Vorzüge ist, dass die herstellbare Profilgröße durch Pressengröße und Rezipientendurchmesser geometrisch nicht begrenzt wird; es können mit kleinem Rezipientendurchmesser auch auf Strangpressen mit verhältnismäßig geringer Presskraft Rohre oder Hohlprofile mit großem Umkreisdurchmesser hergestellt werden, da die für die Umformung erforderlichen Pressgutmengen über Mitteneinläufe mit kleinem Öffnungsquerschnitt -- also kleinem Öffnungsdurchmesser -- der Formgebungszone zugeführt werden können. Es wird also möglich, Profile mit kleiner Querschnittsfläche bei großem Umkreisdurchmesser auch unter Einsatz schwer umformbarer Werkstoffe aus kleinen Rezipienten mit hohem spez. Druck zu formen, wodurch das herstellbare Querschnittsspektrum stark erweitert wird.One of those achieved with the procedure according to the invention Advantages is that the profile size can be produced by Geometrically, press size and recipient diameter are not is limited; it can with small recipient diameter also on extrusion presses with relatively low press force Pipes or hollow profiles with a large circumferential diameter can be produced as the necessary for the forming Quantities of pressed material over center inlets with a small opening cross-section - so small opening diameter - the Shaping zone can be supplied. So it becomes possible Profiles with a small cross-sectional area with a large circumferential diameter even when difficult to form Materials from small recipients with high spec. Pressure too shape, which makes the cross-sectional spectrum strong is expanded.

Von besonderer Bedeutung ist, dass der Werkstoff stets aus der Pressbolzenmitte dem Werkzeug zugeführt und erst im Werkzeug selbst nach außen zum Formgebungsbereich hin verteilt wird. Pressgut aus dem verunreinigten Pressbolzenrandzonenbereich kann nicht in das Werkzeug einfließen. Das Material des verunreinigten Randzonenbereiches wird im Pressrest gesammelt und dieser am Pressgangende abgeschert. Dadurch kann das -- für größere Querschnitte in alten Pressen u.U. erforderliche -- Abdrehen der Pressbolzen beim erfindungsgemäßen Werkzeug grundsätzlich entfallen. Of particular importance is that the material is always made of the press stud center fed to the tool and only in Tool itself distributed outwards to the shaping area becomes. Pressed material from the contaminated press stud zone area cannot flow into the tool. The Material of the contaminated edge zone area is in the Press residue collected and sheared at the end of the press run. This can do that - for larger cross-sections in old presses u.U. required - unscrewing the press bolts in the invention No tools are required.

Die Werkzeugbelastung ist in dem für die Profilformgebung wichtigen Bereich -- nämlich im Dornteilinneren -- wesentlich tiefer, da die Belastung nur über die Querschnittsöffnung des Mitteneinlaufes aufgebaut wird und nicht wie bei konventionellen Werkzeugen über die gesamte Querschnittsfläche auf die Werkzeugeinlaufseite projezierten Profil-Hohlraumflächen.The tool load is in that for the profile shaping important area - namely inside the mandrel part - essential deeper, because the load is only through the cross-sectional opening the middle inlet is built up and not as in conventional tools over the entire cross-sectional area Profile cavity surfaces projected onto the tool inlet side.

Die Hauptbelastung über den zu verpressenden Pressbolzenquerschnitt erfolgt im Werkzeugbereich außerhalb des zentralen Einlaufes- oder der Mitteneinläufe. Diese Belastung kann über den Außenbereich des Werkzeuges -- also den nicht formgebenden Bereich -- über Stützwerkzeuge aufgenommen werden.The main load over the press stud cross-section takes place in the tool area outside the central Inlet or middle inlets. This burden can on the outside of the tool - so not shaping area - added via support tools become.

Die verfahrensmäßig geringere Werkzeugbelastung ergibt bei längerer Nutzung formgerechtere Profile oder erlaubt bei gleicher Nutzungszeit die Herstellung von leichteren Profilquerschnitten oder solchen aus schwer umformbaren Profilwerkstoffen. The procedurally lower tool load results in longer use more form-fitting profiles or allowed at the production of lighter cross sections or those made of difficult to form profile materials.

Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele sowie anhand der Zeichnung; diese zeigt in

Fig. 1:
eine Schrägsicht auf einen Teil einer Strangpresse mit einem horizontal verlaufenden Pressstempel;
Fig. 2:
einen gegenüber Fig. 1 vergrößerten und geschnittenen Ausschnitt aus einer anderen Strangpresse;
Fig. 3:
einen Längsschnitt durch einen skizzenhaft dargestellten Aufnehmer der Strangpresse mit in Pressrichtung in Abstand vorgeordnetem Pressstempel und nachfolgendem Formwerkzeug;
Fig. 4,5,6:
der Fig. 3 etwa entsprechende Darstellungen unterschiedlicher Stellungen von Aufnehmer und Pressstempel;
Fig. 7,9,11,13:
schematisierte Frontansichten von Formwerkzeugen unterschiedlicher Ausführungen;
Fig. 8,10,12,14:
jeweils den Querschnitt durch Fig. 7 nach deren Linie VIIIVIII, durch Fig. 9 nach deren Linie X-X, durch Fig. 11 nach deren Linie XII-XII, durch Fig. 13 nach deren Linie XIV-XIV;
Fig. 15:
einen Längsschnitt durch ein Formwerkzeug mit Darstellung des Belastungsflusses;
Fig. 16:
eine Schrägsicht auf ein teilweise geschnittenes Formwerkzeug.
Further advantages, features and details of the invention result from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments and from the drawing; this shows in
Fig. 1:
an oblique view of part of an extrusion press with a horizontally extending press die;
Fig. 2:
an enlarged and cut section of Figure 1 from another extruder.
Fig. 3:
a longitudinal section through a sketch-like pick-up of the extrusion press with a press ram arranged at a distance in the pressing direction and the subsequent molding tool;
Fig. 4,5,6:
3 shows approximately corresponding representations of different positions of the transducer and press ram;
Fig. 7,9,11,13:
schematic front views of molds of different designs;
Fig. 8,10,12,14:
in each case the cross section through FIG. 7 along the line VIIIVIII, through FIG. 9 along the line XX, through FIG. 11 along the line XII-XII, through FIG. 13 along the line XIV-XIV;
Fig. 15:
a longitudinal section through a mold showing the flow of stress;
Fig. 16:
an oblique view of a partially cut mold.

Eine Strangpresse 10 zum direkten Strangpressen von Profilen 12 weist gemäß Fig. 1 an einem Presszylinder 14 einen Pressstempel 16 auf, der in der Längsachse A einer einen Rezipienten oder Aufnehmer 18 durchsetzenden Bohrung 19 verläuft. Der Durchmesser d einer Pressscheibe 17 an der freien Stirnfläche des Pressstempels 16 ist geringfügig kürzer als der freie Bohrungsdurchmesser d1, so dass der Pressstempel 16 in die sog. Rezipientenbohrung einzutauchen vermag. Der erwähnte freie Bohrungsdurchmesser d1 wird von der Innenfläche 20 einer in den Aufnehmer 18 bzw. dessen Bohrung 19 eingesetzten Rezipientenbüchse 21 begrenzt. Folgend wird der Innenraum dieser Rezipientenbüchse 21 als Rezipientenbohrung 22 bezeichnet.An extrusion press 10 for the direct extrusion of profiles 12 has, according to FIG. 1, a press ram 16 on a press cylinder 14, which runs in the longitudinal axis A of a bore 19 passing through a recipient or receiver 18. The diameter d of a press disk 17 on the free end face of the press die 16 is slightly shorter than the free bore diameter d 1 , so that the press die 16 is able to plunge into the so-called recipient bore. The mentioned free bore diameter d 1 is limited by the inner surface 20 of a recipient sleeve 21 inserted into the receiver 18 or its bore 19. The interior of this recipient sleeve 21 is referred to below as the recipient bore 22.

Der maximale Abstand zwischen einer stempelseitigen Rezipientenfront 23 und der Pressscheibe 17 in -- nicht dargestellter -- Ruhelage des Pressstempels 16 ist so bemessen, dass der Rezipientenbohrung 22 ein bei 24 angedeuteter Block oder Barren aus Leichtmetall -- insbesondere aus einer vorgewärmten Aluminiumlegierung -- durch einen Ladeschlitten 26 vorgesetzt und vom Pressstempel 16 in Pressrichtung x in die Rezipientenbohrung 22 eingeschoben werden kann.The maximum distance between a stamp-side recipient front 23 and the pressure plate 17 in - not shown - The rest position of the press ram 16 is dimensioned that the recipient bore 22 is indicated at 24 Block or bars of light metal - especially one preheated aluminum alloy - by a loading carriage 26 set in front and from the punch 16 in the pressing direction x are inserted into the recipient bore 22 can.

Nahe einer dem Pressstempel 16 fernliegenden Rezipientenstirn 23a ruht in einem Matrizenhalter 28 an einem Querhaupt 30 eine plattenartige Matrize als Formwerkzeug 32. Dieser folgt in Fig. 1 -- in Pressrichtung x -- ein Austragskanal 34 des Querhauptes 30, durch den das in einem Formquerschnitt der Matrize 32 entstehende Profil 12 entfernt wird. Oberhalb des Rezipienten 18 ist in Fig. 1 eine Hubeinrichtung 36 für ein Schermesser 38 zu erkennen, das radial zu einem Spalt 40 zwischen Aufnehmer 18 und Formwerkzeug 32 bewegbar vorgesehen ist.Near an the ram 16 remote recipient end 23 a resting in a die holder 28 at a cross-head 30, a plate-like matrix as forming tool 32. This is followed in Fig. 1 - x in the direction of pressing - a discharge channel 34 of the crosshead 30 through which a Shape cross section of the die 32 is removed profile 12 is removed. A lifting device 36 for a shear knife 38 can be seen above the recipient 18 in FIG. 1 and is provided such that it can move radially to a gap 40 between the pickup 18 and the molding tool 32.

Beim Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 2 ist zwischen dem Rezipienten 18 und der plattenartigen Matrize 32 ein Dornteil 33 zur Erzeugung einer Innenkontur eines entstehenden Profils 12a vorhanden. Der Matrizenplatte folgt in Pressrichtung x eine Druckplatte 42 in einem Druckplattenhalter 44. An jene Druckplatte 42 schließt ein Druckring 46 und an diesen ein Schleißring 48 im Querhaupt 30 an. Bei 50 ist eine Werkzeugaufnahme für den Werkzeughalter 28, den Druckplattenhalter 44 und den Druckring 46 angedeutet.In the embodiment of FIG. 2, a mandrel part 33 is provided between the recipient 18 and the plate-like die 32 for generating an inner contour of an emerging profile 12 a . The die plate is followed in the pressing direction x by a pressure plate 42 in a pressure plate holder 44. A pressure ring 46 connects to that pressure plate 42 and a wear ring 48 in the crosshead 30 connects to this. A tool holder for the tool holder 28, the pressure plate holder 44 and the pressure ring 46 is indicated at 50.

Am Ende eines Pressvorgangs findet sich am stempelfernen Ende der Rezipientenbohrung 22 an der dieser zugekehrten Werkzeugfläche ein sog. Pressrest 52, von dem sich die Pressscheibe 17 entfernt hat. Jene Werkzeugfläche bleibt dank eines vom Überstand h der Rezipientenbüchse 21 gebildeten Mündungskragens 54 in Abstand zur Rezipientenstirn 23a. Auch an der hinteren Rezipientenfront 23 umgibt die Rezipientenbohrung 22 ein Ringkragen 56 als Überstand der Rezipientenbüchse 21.At the end of a pressing process, a so-called pressing rest 52, from which the pressing disk 17 has been removed, is found at the end of the recipient bore 22 remote from the punch on the tool surface facing it. That tool surface remains at a distance from the recipient face 23 a thanks to an orifice collar 54 formed by the protrusion h of the recipient sleeve 21. Also on the rear recipient front 23, the recipient bore 22 surrounds an annular collar 56 as a protrusion of the recipient sleeve 21.

Beim Einschieben eines neuen Barrens 24 nähert sich das freie Barrenende dem Pressrest 52 einer beispielsweisen Dicke a von 80 mm. Der heckwärtige Barrenüberstand e beträgt höchstens 20 mm.When a new bar 24 is inserted, this approaches free ingot end the press residue 52 one example Thickness a of 80 mm. The rear bar overhang e is at most 20 mm.

Nunmehr wird der Rezipient oder Aufnehmer 18 -- beispielsweise um mehr als 450 mm -- so weit zurückgefahren, bis der Pressrest 52 freisteht (Fig. 5). Ragt der Barren 24 gemäß Fig. 6 in einer Kraglänge t von z.B. etwa 10 mm über den Mündungskragen 54 hinaus, wird der Barren 24 mit dem Pressstempel 16 angestaucht; der Barren 24 soll bei einem nachfolgenden Schervorgang nicht durch das Schermesser 38 verschoben werden können. Vor diesem Schervorgang wird der Aufnehmer 18 gegen die Pressrichtung x zurückgefahren, bis die hintere Werkzeugfläche des Formwerkzeuges bzw. der Matrize 32 in einem Abstand zur Rezipientenstirn 23a steht. In dieser Stellung werden Aufnehmer 18 und Matrize 32 zeitweilig fixiert.Now the recipient or receiver 18 is moved back - for example by more than 450 mm - until the press residue 52 is free (FIG. 5). If the ingot 24 protrudes beyond the mouth collar 54 in a cantilever length t of, for example, about 10 mm, the ingot 24 is compressed with the press ram 16; the ingot 24 should not be able to be moved by the shear knife 38 in a subsequent shearing process. Before this shearing process, the pickup 18 is moved back against the pressing direction x until the rear tool surface of the molding tool or the die 32 is at a distance from the recipient face 23 a . In this position transducer 18 and die 32 are temporarily fixed.

Durch Absenken einer in Fig. 1 angedeuteten Scherklinge des Schermessers 38 wird der Pressrest 42 oder eine -- vom erwähnten Überstand der Kraglänge t des Barrens 24 bestimmte -- Stirnscheibe 58 des Barrens 24 -- und damit dessen in Pressrichtung x weisende Stirnfläche 60 -- entfernt; an dieser Barrenstirnfläche 60 hat sich vor den hier erörterten Vorgängen eine Oxidschicht gebildet, deren Oxidpartikel bei Übernahme in das entstehende Profil 12 störende Verunreinigungen erzeugen würden. Durch Entfernen der Stirnscheibe 58 mit der Barrenstirnfläche 60 entsteht eine oxidschichtfreie Barrenstirn.By lowering a shear blade indicated in FIG Shear knife 38 becomes the press residue 42 or one of the mentioned Overhang of the cantilever length t of the ingot 24 determined - Face plate 58 of the ingot 24 - and thus in Pressing direction x facing end face 60 - removed; on this bar face 60 has preceded those discussed here Operations formed an oxide layer, the oxide particles when transferring into the resulting profile 12 disruptive impurities would generate. By removing the face plate 58 with the bar end face 60 creates an oxide layer-free Barren forehead.

Nach dem Schervorgang wird der Aufnehmer 18 wieder an die Matrize bzw. das Formwerkzeug 32 gefahren - der Pressvorgang kann von neuem beginnen.After the shearing process, the pickup 18 is returned to the Die or the mold 32 driven - the pressing process can start again.

Die Fig. 7, 8 stellen ein tellerartiges Formwerkzeug bzw. eine Matrize 32 des Durchmessers n von hier etwa 500 mm aus zwei Matrizenteilen 31, 31a zur Herstellung eines rotationssymmetrischen Rohres 12r od.dgl. Hohlprofils kreisförmigen Querschnitts mit dem Innendurchmesser q von hier 236 mm vor. In Pressrichtung x ist in die stempelwärtige Matrizenstirn 62 des stempelnäheren Dorn- oder Matrizenteils 31 ein sog. Mitteneinlauf 64 kegelstumpfartiger Gestalt -- mit der Matrizenachse M als Symmetriegerader -- eingeformt; der Durchmesser d2 von dessen Einlaufkontur K mißt 170 mm. Von der in einem Winkel w zur Matrizenstirn 62 mit hier 65° geneigten Einlaufwand 65 gehen armartige Kanäle 66 ab, deren in die Bildebene fallende Kanalaußenkontur 67 etwa parallel zu der in dieser Bildebene diametral fernliegenden Kontur der Einlaufwand 65 verläuft und mit der anderen sichtbaren -- benachbarten -- Kontur der Einlaufwand 65 einen Winkel w1 von hier 50° begrenzen. Diese -- in Draufsicht der Fig. 7 sich in Pressrichtung x allmählich zu einem domartigen Endabschnitt 66e verjüngenden -- Kanäle 66 enden in Pressrichtung x an einer ringförmigen Schweißkammer 68, der ein kreisförmiger Formgebungsquerschnitt 70 der Breite z -- für die entsprechende Wanddicke des Rohres 12r -- folgt. Der Formgebungsquerschnitt 70 wird innenseitig von der hier ringförmigen Umfangsfläche 72 einer Dornanformung 74 begrenzt.7, 8 represent a plate-like molding tool or a die 32 with a diameter n of approximately 500 mm from two die parts 31, 31 a for producing a rotationally symmetrical tube 12 r or the like. Hollow profile circular cross-section with the inside diameter q of here 236 mm. In the pressing direction x, a so-called center inlet 64 of a frustoconical shape - with the die axis M as a line of symmetry - is molded into the die end 62 of the mandrel or die part 31 near the die. the diameter d 2 of its inlet contour K measures 170 mm. Arm-like channels 66 branch off from the inlet wall 65, which is inclined at an angle w to the die face 62, here 65 °, whose channel outer contour 67 falling into the image plane runs approximately parallel to the contour of the inlet wall 65, which is diametrically distant in this image plane, and with the other visible - adjacent - limit the inlet wall 65 to an angle w 1 of here 50 °. 7 - in the pressing direction x gradually tapering to a dome-like end section 66 e - channels 66 end in the pressing direction x at an annular welding chamber 68, which has a circular shaping cross section 70 of width z - for the corresponding wall thickness of the Rohres 12 r - follows. The shaping cross section 70 is delimited on the inside by the annular peripheral surface 72 of a mandrel 74 here.

Das Pressgut wird also nicht -- wie üblich -- durch mehrere außen um das Hohlprofil oder Rohr 12r angeordnete Einläufe dem Formgebungsbereich zugeführt, sondern nur durch jenen Mitteneinlauf 64. Während des weiteren Pressvorgang wird das Pressgut über die radial geneigt angeordneten Kanäle 66, 66a aus dem Mitteneinlauf 64 nach außen hin jener Schweißkammer 68 und dem Formgebungsquerschnitt 70 zugeführt.The material to be pressed is therefore not - as usual - supplied to the shaping region through a plurality of inlets arranged on the outside around the hollow profile or tube 12 r , but rather only through that central inlet 64 a from the center inlet 64 to the outside of that welding chamber 68 and the shaping cross section 70.

Bei unregelmäßigen Profilformen wird der Flächenschwerpunkt des Einlaufes möglichst im Masseschwerpunkt des Profiles oder in Werkzeugmitte M -- bzw. in einem anderen geeigneten Bereich des Profilhohlraumes -- vorgesehen.With irregular profile shapes, the center of gravity becomes of the infeed, if possible, in the center of mass of the profile or in the middle of the tool M - or in another suitable one Area of the profile cavity - provided.

Wie die Fig. 9, 10 verdeutlichen, können auch Hohlprofile 12p polygoner oder asymmetrischer Profilform mit einem Mitteneinlauf 64a geformt werden. Dessen Einlaufwand 65 erzeugt nach Fig. 10 eine asymmetrische Querschnittsgestalt, d.h. die Matrizenachse M liegt außerhalb der Einlaufachse M1. Bei solchen asymmetrischen Profilformen oder Hohlprofilen 12p bzw. 12k mit großem Seitenlängenverhältnis kann die erforderliche mengengleiche Materialzuführung über wenigstens zwei der beschriebenen Mitteneinläufe 64 erreicht werden, wie etwa die Fig. 11, 12 am Formwerkzeug 32a andeuten. Hier verlaufen die Mittelachsen M1 der Mitteneinläufe 64 in radialem Abstand k zur Matrizenachse M. 9, 10 illustrate, hollow profiles 12 p polygonal or asymmetrical profile shape can be formed with a central inlet 64 a . 10, its inlet wall 65 produces an asymmetrical cross-sectional shape, ie the die axis M lies outside the inlet axis M 1 . In the case of such asymmetrical profile shapes or hollow profiles 12 p or 12 k with a large aspect ratio, the required quantity of material supply can be achieved via at least two of the center inlets 64 described, as indicated by FIGS. 11, 12 on the molding tool 32 a . Here the central axes M 1 of the center inlets 64 run at a radial distance k to the die axis M.

Das Herstellen von Rundrohren 12r unterschiedlicher Durchmesser q und Wanddicken y kann mit Formwerkzeugen 32b erfolgen, bei denen Dornringe 76 unterschiedlicher Außendurchmesser und Matrizenplatten 31a unterschiedlicher Innendurchmesser in festgelegten Querschnittsbereichen vorgesehen werden.The production of round tubes 12 r of different diameters q and wall thicknesses y can be carried out using molding tools 32 b , in which mandrel rings 76 of different outer diameters and die plates 31 a of different inner diameters are provided in defined cross-sectional areas.

Fig. 15 ist zu entnehmen, dass die Werkzeugbelastung P in dem für die Profilformgebung wichtigen Bereich -- nämlich im Inneren des Dornteils 31 -- wesentlich geringer ist, da die Belastung nur über die Querschnittsöffnung des Mitteneinlaufs 64 aufgebaut wird und nicht -- wie bei konventionellen Werkzeugen -- über die gesamte Querschnittsfläche der auf die Werkzeugeinlaufseite 62 projizierte Profil-Hohlraumflächen.15 that the tool load P in the important area for profile shaping - namely inside the mandrel part 31 - is much less because the load only through the cross-sectional opening of the center inlet 64 is built and not - as with conventional Tools - across the entire cross-sectional area the profile cavity surfaces projected onto the tool inlet side 62.

Die Hauptbelastung über den zu verpressenden Pressbolzenquerschnitt erfolgt im Werkzeugbereich außerhalb des Mitteneinlaufs oder der Mitteneinläufe 64. Diese Belastung kann entsprechend den Pfeilen Q über den Außenbereich des Formwerkzeuges 30 -- also den nicht formgebenden Bereich -durch Stützwerkzeuge aufgenommen werden.The main load over the press stud cross-section takes place in the tool area outside the center inlet or the middle enemas 64. This burden can according to the arrows Q on the outside of the Forming tool 30 - ie the non-shaping area Support tools are included.

Die Schrägsicht der Fig. 16 auf ein Dornteil 31 einer Matrize 32 zeigt eindrücklich deren Aufbau mit dem Mitteneinlauf 64, den anschließenden Kanälen 66 sowie einer in der Matrizenachse abragenden, die Profilinnenfläche -- und damit die innere Grenze 72 des Formgebungsquerschnitts 70 -bestimmenden Dornanformung 74 plattenförmiger Gestalt.The oblique view of FIG. 16 on a mandrel part 31 of a die 32 impressively shows their structure with the center inlet 64, the subsequent channels 66 and one in the Protruding die axis, the profile inner surface - and thus determining the inner boundary 72 of the shaping cross section 70 Dornanformung 74 plate-shaped shape.

Claims (14)

  1. Process for extruding a hollow section (12, 12a) or the like from a billet (24) which is introduced into the bore (22) of a container (18) and, by means of an extrusion stem (16), is fed in the direction of extrusion (x) into a shape-forming opening (70) of a die (32, 32a, 32b), whereas the billet material is pressed into a central inlet (64, 64a) of the die (32, 32a, 32b) and the resultant ductile mass fed outwards at an angle to the direction of extrusion (x) through a plurality of channels (66) to the shape-forming cross-section (70),
    characterized in that the main load is applied by the extrusion force acting outside the central inlet (64, 64a) and the shape-forming region, and is diverted to the die-supporting parts.
  2. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that profiles or sections are manufactured with a diameter of circumscribing circle which is much larger than the diameter of the container (18).
  3. Device for extruding a hollow section (12, 12k, 12p, 12r) or the like from a billet (24), which is fed in the bore (22) of a container (18) and is pressed by an extrusion stem (16) in the direction of extrusion (x) into a shape-forming cross-section (70) of a die (32, 32a, 32b), of its inlet end (62) into the die (32, 32a, 32b) an approximately central inlet (64, 64a) is provided within an extension to the hollow space in the section, that a plurality of arm-like channels (66) run from the wall (65) and connect to the shape-forming cross-section (70) for the purpose of performing the process according to one of the claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the wall (65) of the inlet (64) which is blunted-cone in shape with the axis (M) of the die forms an acute angle.
  4. Device according to claim 3, characterised in that the channels (66) run from the wall (65) of the inlet (64) at an angle (w + w1) of more than 90° to the end face (62) of the die, and that the shape-forming cross-section (70) is following a welding chamber (68).
  5. Device according to one of the claims 3 or 4, characterised in that the channels (66) are tapering to a dome-like end section (66e).
  6. Device according to one of the claims 3 to 5, characterised in that the wall (65) of the central inlet (64) together with the end face (62) embrace an angle (w) of 65°.
  7. Device according to one of the claims 3 to 6, characterised in by an angle (w1) of 50° between the wall (65) of the inlet (64) and the outer contours (67) of the channels (66).
  8. Device according to one of the claims 3 to 7, characterised in a ratio of the inner diameter (q) of the shape-giving cross-section (70) to the diameter of the inlet contour (d2) of 1.4.
  9. Device according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that the inlet (64) for a rotationally symmetric section (12x) is situated approximately in the middle (M) of the die (32).
  10. Device according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that the inlet (64) for a profile (12k, 12p) of irregular contour is situated approximately at the centre of gravity according to section mass or at the middle of the die.
  11. Device according to claim 10, characterised in that the die axis (M) of the die lies outside the inlet axis (M1).
  12. Device according to one of the claims 3 or 4, characterised in at least two neighbouring inlets (64) of the die (32a) which are the respective central inlet elements for the channels (66) running out from them inclined.
  13. Device according to claim 12, characterised in that the central axes (M1) of the inlets (64) is running in a radial distance (k) to the central axis (M).
  14. Device according to one of the claims 3 to 13, characterised in that its shaping die (32b) features exchangeable mandrel rings (76) of different outer diameter and die plates (31a) of different inner diameter (Fig. 13, 14).
EP99810787A 1998-09-16 1999-09-02 Method and device for the extrusion of a hollow section or similar body from bars Expired - Lifetime EP0987068B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19842291 1998-09-16
DE19842291A DE19842291A1 (en) 1998-09-16 1998-09-16 Method for extruding a hollow profile or the like body from an ingot and device therefor

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0987068A2 EP0987068A2 (en) 2000-03-22
EP0987068A3 EP0987068A3 (en) 2001-06-13
EP0987068B1 true EP0987068B1 (en) 2004-06-09

Family

ID=7881084

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99810787A Expired - Lifetime EP0987068B1 (en) 1998-09-16 1999-09-02 Method and device for the extrusion of a hollow section or similar body from bars

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6192730B1 (en)
EP (1) EP0987068B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE268650T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2281207C (en)
DE (1) DE19842291A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2217720T3 (en)
NO (1) NO318543B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10145877C1 (en) * 2001-08-28 2003-05-08 Alcan Tech & Man Ag Method for extruding a hollow profile or the like body from an ingot and device therefor
CN104384224B (en) * 2014-11-25 2017-02-22 昆山国展金属工业有限公司 Circular sunflower-type cooling fin aluminum extrusion mold
CN105478513B (en) * 2016-01-14 2018-03-06 昆明理工大学 A kind of device for simulating Equal-channel Angular Pressing
CN106424188B (en) 2016-09-01 2018-02-02 中北大学 Hollow blank shapes the rotary extradition forming die of large ratio of height to width inner ring muscle
CN106363031B (en) 2016-09-01 2018-01-09 中北大学 Hollow blank shapes the rotary extrusion forming method of large ratio of height to width inner ring muscle
CN114798790B (en) * 2022-02-15 2024-04-16 江苏鑫昌铝业有限公司 Ultra-wide micro-channel extrusion die

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB604905A (en) * 1942-10-30 1948-07-13 British Thomson Houston Co Ltd Improvements in and relating to processes and dies for extruding tubular products
DE2446308C2 (en) * 1974-09-27 1983-11-17 Aluminium-Walzwerke Singen Gmbh, 7700 Singen Tool for extrusion of hollow or partially hollow profiles made of light metal
DE2812690A1 (en) 1978-03-23 1979-10-04 Aluminium Walzwerke Singen METHOD AND DEVICE FOR EXTRUSION OF HOLLOW PROFILES
JPS5856657B2 (en) * 1979-02-09 1983-12-16 日本軽金属株式会社 extrusion die
GB2071543B (en) * 1980-03-19 1983-06-02 Erbsloeh Gmbh & Co Extrusion die
JPS56165512A (en) * 1980-05-22 1981-12-19 Showa Alum Corp Extruded aluminum shape
JPS61209716A (en) * 1985-03-12 1986-09-18 Showa Alum Corp Extrusion device
WO1990014176A1 (en) * 1989-05-18 1990-11-29 Bwe Limited Continuous extrusion apparatus
JPH057925A (en) * 1991-07-05 1993-01-19 Showa Alum Corp Extruding device for forming large-sized hollow die stock
EP0699487A1 (en) * 1994-08-02 1996-03-06 Norsk Hydro A/S Extrusion die
JPH09174141A (en) * 1995-12-22 1997-07-08 Yano Eng:Kk Die for extrusion of metal hollow material
DE19605885C1 (en) * 1996-02-05 1997-08-21 Alusuisse Lonza Services Ag Extruding profile or similar item from ingot

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6192730B1 (en) 2001-02-27
EP0987068A2 (en) 2000-03-22
CA2281207A1 (en) 2000-03-16
CA2281207C (en) 2005-11-15
NO318543B1 (en) 2005-04-11
ES2217720T3 (en) 2004-11-01
NO994454D0 (en) 1999-09-14
EP0987068A3 (en) 2001-06-13
ATE268650T1 (en) 2004-06-15
NO994454L (en) 2000-03-17
DE19842291A1 (en) 2000-03-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE3601385C2 (en)
DE102008048496A1 (en) Sheet metal molded part manufacturing method, involves forming flat body into component using processing technologies, discharging component from processing zone, and cooling component at room temperature
DE10232608B4 (en) Process for extruding a profile or the like from a bolt or billet and device therefor
DE2049889A1 (en) Rear axle bridge for motor vehicles as well as method and device for the production thereof
EP0987068B1 (en) Method and device for the extrusion of a hollow section or similar body from bars
WO1986003440A1 (en) Method and device for cutting pipe lengths
EP0787543B2 (en) Method for extruding profiles or the like from bars and device therefore
EP0114570B1 (en) Device for the extrusion of a hollow section
EP0114571A2 (en) Device for the backward extrusion of a hollow section
EP1203623B1 (en) Method for tubular profile extrusion
DE19842293C2 (en) Method for extruding a hollow profile or the like body from an ingot and device therefor
DE102013017178B4 (en) Extrusion press for the production of flat sheets
EP0129010B1 (en) Method of and device for extruding hollow sections
WO2003020454A1 (en) Method for the extrusion of a hollow profile or similar body from a bar and corresponding device
DE19727599B4 (en) Method for producing metal wheels
DE10145877C1 (en) Method for extruding a hollow profile or the like body from an ingot and device therefor
DE19703576C2 (en) Device for extruding a profile or the like body from an ingot
DE3424489A1 (en) DEVICE AND METHOD FOR EXTRUDING TUBES
EP4355511A1 (en) Method and forming device for producing annular molded parts
WO2023240371A1 (en) Method and forming device for producing annular molded parts
DE10231562A1 (en) Extruding a profile or strand from a bolt or billet comprises guiding the billet through a bore of a receiver, and pressing through a mold cross-section of a molding tool using a stamp in the pressing direction
DE102011012508A1 (en) Continuous casting installation has conveying device that is provided for conveying cast strand material into casting process, and shaping device that is provided for shaping cast strand material
WO2003006189A1 (en) Device for extruding a profile or a similar billet from a bolt or bar and corresponding device
DE102017105468A1 (en) Method and pressing device for producing a workpiece from chips obtained after machining a production part
DE3035289C2 (en)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Free format text: AL;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Free format text: AL;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Free format text: 7B 21C 23/08 A, 7B 21C 25/00 B, 7B 21C 25/02 B

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: ALCAN TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT AG

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20011213

AKX Designation fees paid

Free format text: AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE

AXX Extension fees paid

Free format text: SI PAYMENT 20011213

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20020827

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: 8566

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): AT BE ES FI FR GB IT NL SE

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE ES FI FR GB IT NL SE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: TRGR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: GERMAN

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 20040825

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2217720

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FD4D

ET Fr: translation filed
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20050310

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20050816

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20050819

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20050824

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20050919

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20050921

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FI

Payment date: 20050922

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20050927

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20051017

Year of fee payment: 7

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20060902

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20060902

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20060903

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20060930

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20070401

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed
GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20060902

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 20070401

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20070531

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20060902

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20060904

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: *ALCAN TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT A.G.

Effective date: 20060930

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20060904

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20070925

Year of fee payment: 9

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20061002

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20080902