EP0983422B1 - Bearing arrangement for a steam turbine installation - Google Patents

Bearing arrangement for a steam turbine installation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0983422B1
EP0983422B1 EP98933491A EP98933491A EP0983422B1 EP 0983422 B1 EP0983422 B1 EP 0983422B1 EP 98933491 A EP98933491 A EP 98933491A EP 98933491 A EP98933491 A EP 98933491A EP 0983422 B1 EP0983422 B1 EP 0983422B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steam turbine
housing
steam
turbine
capacitor
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EP98933491A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0983422A1 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Kupka
Helmut Kühn
Dietrich Hintze
Jürgen KRAFT
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/28Supporting or mounting arrangements, e.g. for turbine casing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/16Arrangement of bearings; Supporting or mounting bearings in casings
    • F01D25/162Bearing supports

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a steam turbine system a steam turbine, the turbine runner in a repository is stored.
  • a steam turbine is typically used in a power plant to drive a generator or in an industrial plant used to drive a work machine.
  • the Steam turbine supplied as a flow medium serving steam, who relaxes while working in the steam turbine.
  • To the steam usually comes in through its relaxation Steam turbine casing of the steam turbine in one of these Condenser and condenses there.
  • the evaporator housing can be flowed through axially or radially.
  • the condensate is then fed to a steam generator as feed water and after its evaporation it gets back into the Steam turbine, so that a closed water-steam cycle arises.
  • the turbine runner of such a steam turbine is usually in a number of axial and / or radial bearings stored.
  • One of these camps also known as a repository, is in the interior, for example in the inner hub, the Steam housing arranged and is used to fix the in the steam housing located shaft end of the turbine rotor.
  • the repository is usually designed as a radial bearing, thus as a bearing for absorbing radial forces.
  • a steam turbine is known from DE 196 15 011 A1 which is a bearing housing formed from bearing shells or halves of the turbine rotor's repository directly with the exhaust housing connected is.
  • the bearing housing of the End bearing via radially arranged support arms centrally in the exhaust steam housing supported.
  • the bearing housing of the repository is arranged within the area that the Operation of the steam turbine is traversed by steam.
  • the repository however, a steam turbine designed in this way is special sensitive to movement or tension the evaporator housing, for example as a result of load changes. In addition, such an interpretation is only a limited one Stiffness of the repository achievable.
  • the arrangement of the bearing housing of the repository within the steam flow still a lot of effort in sealing the oil space compared to the area through which steam flows.
  • a steam turbine is known from US Pat. No. 5,106,264 Turbine rotor is stored in a repository, which in a Carrier is held. The carrier is through the evaporator housing the steam turbine is carried out and is supported on a foundation block.
  • the invention has for its object a steam turbine system specify the type of steam turbine with particularly high rigidity of the repository, high stability with respect to movements of the evaporation housing.
  • a cellar-less should be possible with particularly little effort or ground-level installation of the capacitor.
  • the invention is based on the consideration that the repository for a high stability against the movements of the Evaporator housing should be mechanically decoupled from this.
  • a mechanical Connection of the repository to the foundation or base frame of the Steam turbine may be provided. This can be achieved by using a Carrier for the repository is provided, which in turn directly is supported on the foundation block.
  • the repository can be arranged in an inner hub of the exhaust steam housing.
  • a basement-less or ground-level installation of the capacitor is avoiding an unfavorable pressure drop by doing without a usually between the Steam turbine and the condenser switched overflow line allows.
  • the capacitor is directly on the turbine housing connected.
  • the connection of the turbine housing and capacitor should do so for absorbing frictional forces especially with different expansion behavior of the turbine housing and capacitor must be rigid.
  • thermal expansion of the steam turbine system leads to a shift of the capacitor relative to its foundation without that shifts in the vertical direction can occur.
  • Displacement of the capacitor in the horizontal direction is advantageously for storing the A multi-ball bearing capacitor is provided.
  • the evaporation housing is expediently supported on the foundation over a number of on the side of the exhaust housing arranged claws.
  • the claws should be on the side be arranged on the evaporator housing such that they are due their storage in a respective slide bearing torque of the exhaust steam casing caused the turbine rotor take up.
  • the turbine housing is through center guides at its front end and at its rear end in the middle of the wave supported.
  • the capacitor advantageously comprises a number of condenser elements, two of which are each on the exhaust housing are arranged opposite each other.
  • the advantages achieved with the invention are in particular in that directly by holding the repository the foundation has a particularly high rigidity of the repository can be reached with particularly simple means.
  • the repository is also mechanically decoupled from the exhaust housing and thus insensitive to movements of the evaporation casing.
  • By the holder of the repository can directly on the foundation furthermore the bearing housing within a shaft area and thus outside the area through which steam flows be arranged. The effort to seal the Repository opposite the area through which steam flows is particularly low.
  • the steam turbine 1 according to FIG. 1 comprises an exhaust steam housing 2, by the steam relaxed in the steam turbine 1 1 not shown, downstream of the steam turbine 1 Capacitor can be supplied.
  • the evaporator casing 2 is composed of a lower housing component 4 and an upper housing component 6 composed.
  • the lower housing component 4 and the upper housing component 6 are each in one piece and as Welded construction carried out.
  • the steam turbine 1 is in the Embodiment intended for use as an industrial turbine and for a mechanical output of about 6 to 8 MW designed. Alternatively, the steam turbine 1 can also Use as a power plant turbine with a comparatively higher mechanical Performance.
  • a radial bearing Repository 8 for the turbine runner 10 of the steam turbine 1 arranged.
  • the turbine runner 10 is also in one Number of others designed as radial and / or axial bearings Bearing 12 rotatably supported about its central axis 14.
  • This in an inner hub arranged end bearing 8 comprises bearing parts 16, 18, which together a bearing housing for the actual warehouse 20 of the repository 8 form. More details regarding the Design of the repository 8 and the associated sealing arrangement can also be seen in FIG 1; you will be for the sake of clarity, however, not discussed here.
  • the middle rib 28 is thereby in the manner of a shaft through the exhaust steam housing 2 guided, the interior 26 of the central rib 28 via openings 30 communicates with the surrounding atmosphere.
  • the end the bearing parts 16, 18 formed bearing housing of the repository 8 is within a trained as an inner hub, in Compared to the central rib 28 thickened shaft area 32 and thus outside the area through which steam flows arranged. The effort to seal the repository 8 compared to the area through which steam flows particularly low.
  • the lower housing component 4 and the upper housing component 6 are each designed as a half-shell and in a parting plane 34 assembled to form the evaporation housing 2.
  • the housing components are for assembly or inspection purposes 4, 6 each provided with suspensions 36.
  • At the bottom Housing component 4 of the evaporation housing 2 are also a Number of claws 38 arranged, each in no closer illustrated manner is mounted in a plain bearing.
  • the Claws 38 are arranged laterally on the evaporation housing 2, that due to their storage in the respective Plain bearings applied by the turbine runner 10 Record torques during the operation of the steam turbine 1.
  • the repository 8 is also mechanical from the evaporator housing 2 decoupled and thus insensitive to movements of the Evaporation housing 2 during the operation of the steam turbine 1.
  • the storage of the evaporator housing 2 in the plain bearings by means of the claw 38 also compensates for torques of the turbine rotor 10 safely.
  • the steam turbine is slide bearings for storing the claws 38 1 designed such that thermal movements transverse to the central axis 14 of the turbine rotor 10 due to thermal expansion, for example when changing loads, not causing damage on the steam turbine 1.
  • Claws 38 already largely pre-assemble the steam turbine 1 possible at the place of manufacture.
  • the lower housing component 4 of the evaporation housing 2 is arranged on a support frame 42, which in turn is on the ground-level foundation block 22 attached to a machine house, not shown is.
  • the steam turbine 1 is in a not shown Water-steam circuit of the steam turbine system 40 switched. In the water-steam cycle, the steam turbine 1 is a condenser 44 connected downstream, the two capacitor elements in the exemplary embodiment 46, 48 includes. Alternatively, it can also a different number of capacitor elements can be provided.
  • the capacitor elements 46, 48 of the capacitor 44 are each via a flange 50, 52 with the evaporator housing 2 Steam turbine 1 rigidly releasably connected. To make the there are rigid detachable connections on each flange 50, 52 a screw connection is provided.
  • the evaporation housing 2 is designed so that all for the outflow of the turbine exhaust flow provided in the upper housing component 6 are integrated. Independent of individual design of the steam turbine 1 is thus a standardized component can be used as the lower housing component 4.
  • the capacitor elements 46, 48 of the capacitor 44 For storing the capacitor elements 46, 48 of the capacitor 44 is a bearing block arranged on the foundation block 22 56 or 58 provided. On the respective warehouse block 56, 58 is the respective capacitor element 46 or 48 by means of a number of supports 60 and 62 in horizontal Slidably supported in the direction. The capacitor 44 is thus slidably mounted on the foundation block 22.
  • the bearing blocks 56, 58 are dimensioned in such a height that the supports 60, 62 approximately at the level of the central axis 14 of the Turbine rotor 10 of the steam turbine 1 are arranged. By this arrangement is an occurrence of vertical force components in the supports 60, 62 largely at thermal stresses avoided.
  • multi-ball bearings are used as supports 60, 62 intended.
  • the supports 60, 62 but also as elastomers or as pendulum supports be trained.
  • the capacitor elements 46, 48 are opposite one another arranged on the steam housing 2 of the steam turbine 1.
  • the at the horizontal displacement of the capacitor elements 46, 48 due to thermal expansion occurring on the exhaust housing 2 due to the frictional forces in the supports 60, 62 acting reaction forces compensate each other due to this symmetrical arrangement almost. A shift of the upper housing part due to thermal expansion is therefore safe avoided.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Support Of The Bearing (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Dampfturbinenanlage mit einer Dampfturbine, deren Turbinenläufer in einem Endlager gelagert ist.The invention relates to a steam turbine system a steam turbine, the turbine runner in a repository is stored.

Eine Dampfturbine wird üblicherweise in einer Kraftwerksanlage zum Antrieb eines Generators oder in einer Industrieanlage zum Antrieb einer Arbeitsmaschine eingesetzt. Dazu wird der Dampfturbine als Strömungsmedium dienender Dampf zugeführt, der sich in der Dampfturbine arbeitsleistend entspannt. Nach seiner Entspannung gelangt der Dampf üblicherweise über ein Abdampfgehäuse der Dampfturbine in einen dieser nachgeschalteten Kondensator und kondensiert dort. Das Abdampfgehäuse kann dabei axial oder auch radial durchströmt sein. Das Kondensat wird sodann als Speisewasser einem Dampferzeuger zugeführt und gelangt nach seiner Verdampfung erneut in die Dampfturbine, so daß ein geschlossener Wasser-Dampf-Kreislauf entsteht.A steam turbine is typically used in a power plant to drive a generator or in an industrial plant used to drive a work machine. For this the Steam turbine supplied as a flow medium serving steam, who relaxes while working in the steam turbine. To the steam usually comes in through its relaxation Steam turbine casing of the steam turbine in one of these Condenser and condenses there. The evaporator housing can be flowed through axially or radially. The condensate is then fed to a steam generator as feed water and after its evaporation it gets back into the Steam turbine, so that a closed water-steam cycle arises.

Der Turbinenläufer einer derartigen Dampfturbine ist üblicherweise in einer Anzahl von Axial- und/oder Radiallagern gelagert. Eines dieser Lager, auch als Endlager bezeichnet, ist dabei im Innenraum, beispielsweise in der Innennabe, des Abdampfgehäuses angeordnet und dient zur Fixierung des im Abdampfgehäuse befindlichen Wellenendes des Turbinenläufers. Das Endlager ist dabei üblicherweise als Radiallager ausgebildet, also als Lager zur Aufnahme von Radialkräften.The turbine runner of such a steam turbine is usually in a number of axial and / or radial bearings stored. One of these camps, also known as a repository, is in the interior, for example in the inner hub, the Steam housing arranged and is used to fix the in the steam housing located shaft end of the turbine rotor. The repository is usually designed as a radial bearing, thus as a bearing for absorbing radial forces.

Aus der DE 196 15 011 A1 ist eine Dampfturbine bekannt, bei der ein aus Lagerschalen oder Hälften gebildetes Lagergehäuse des Endlagers des Turbinenläufers unmittelbar mit dem Abdampfgehäuse verbunden ist. Dazu ist das Lagergehäuse des Endlagers über radial angeordnete Tragarme zentrisch im Abdampfgehäuse gehaltert. Das Lagergehäuse des Endlagers ist dabei innerhalb desjenigen Raumbereichs angeordnet, der beim Betrieb der Dampfturbine von Dampf durchströmt wird. Das Endlager einer derartig ausgelegten Dampfturbine ist jedoch besonders empfindlich gegenüber Bewegungen oder Verspannungen des Abdampfgehäuses, beispielsweise infolge von Lastwechseln. Zudem ist bei einer derartigen Auslegung nur eine begrenzte Steifigkeit des Endlagers erreichbar. Die Anordnung des Lagergehäuses des Endlagers innerhalb der Dampfströmung erfordert weiterhin einen hohen Aufwand bei der Abdichtung des Ölraums gegenüber dem von Dampf durchströmten Raumbereich.A steam turbine is known from DE 196 15 011 A1 which is a bearing housing formed from bearing shells or halves of the turbine rotor's repository directly with the exhaust housing connected is. For this purpose, the bearing housing of the End bearing via radially arranged support arms centrally in the exhaust steam housing supported. The bearing housing of the repository is arranged within the area that the Operation of the steam turbine is traversed by steam. The repository however, a steam turbine designed in this way is special sensitive to movement or tension the evaporator housing, for example as a result of load changes. In addition, such an interpretation is only a limited one Stiffness of the repository achievable. The arrangement of the bearing housing of the repository within the steam flow still a lot of effort in sealing the oil space compared to the area through which steam flows.

Aus der US 5,106,264 ist eine Dampfturbine bekannt, deren Turbinenläufer in einem Endlager gelagert ist, das in einem Träger gehaltert ist. Der Träger ist durch das Abdampfgehäuse der Dampfturbine durchgeführt und stützt sich auf einen Fundamentblock.A steam turbine is known from US Pat. No. 5,106,264 Turbine rotor is stored in a repository, which in a Carrier is held. The carrier is through the evaporator housing the steam turbine is carried out and is supported on a foundation block.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Dampfturbinenanlage der oben genannten Art anzugeben, deren Dampfturbine bei besonders hoher Steifigkeit des Endlagers eine hohe Stabilität gegenüber Bewegungen des Abdampfgehäuses aufweist. Zudem soll mit besonders geringem Aufwand eine kellerlose oder ebenerdige Aufstellung des Kondensators ermöglicht sein.The invention has for its object a steam turbine system specify the type of steam turbine with particularly high rigidity of the repository, high stability with respect to movements of the evaporation housing. In addition, a cellar-less should be possible with particularly little effort or ground-level installation of the capacitor.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst, indem das Endlager durch einen durch das Abdampfgehäuse der Dampfturbine geführten, auf einen Fundamentblock gestützten Träger gehaltert ist, wobei ein der Dampfturbine zugeordneter Kondensator lösbar starr mit dem Abdampfgehäuse verbunden ist, und wobei der Kondensator in einer Anzahl von Auflagern gelagert ist, die in der Höhe der Hauptachse des Turbinenläufers angeordnet sind.This object is achieved by the repository through a ducted through the steam turbine casing supported on a foundation block supported is, a condenser assigned to the steam turbine being detachable is rigidly connected to the evaporation housing, and wherein the Capacitor is stored in a number of supports that arranged at the height of the main axis of the turbine rotor are.

Die Erfindung geht dabei von der Überlegung aus, daß das Endlager für eine hohe Stabilität gegenüber den Bewegungen des Abdampfgehäuses von diesem mechanisch entkoppelt sein sollte. The invention is based on the consideration that the repository for a high stability against the movements of the Evaporator housing should be mechanically decoupled from this.

Zudem sollte für eine hohe Lagersteifigkeit eine mechanische Verbindung des Endlagers zum Fundament oder Grundrahmen der Dampfturbine vorgesehen sein. Dies ist erreichbar, indem ein Träger für das Endlager vorgesehen ist, der seinerseits direkt auf den Fundamentblock gestützt ist. Das Endlager kann dabei in einer Innennabe des Abdampfgehäuses angeordnet sein. In addition, a mechanical Connection of the repository to the foundation or base frame of the Steam turbine may be provided. This can be achieved by using a Carrier for the repository is provided, which in turn directly is supported on the foundation block. The repository can be arranged in an inner hub of the exhaust steam housing.

Eine kellerlose oder ebenerdige Aufstellung des Kondensators ist dabei unter Vermeidung eines ungünstigen Druckverlustes durch einen Verzicht auf eine üblicherweise zwischen die Dampfturbine und den Kondensator geschaltete Überströmleitung ermöglicht. Dazu ist der Kondensator unmittelbar an das Turbinengehäuse angeschlossen. Die Verbindung von Turbinengehäuse und Kondensator sollte dabei für eine Aufnahme von Reibungskräften insbesondere bei unterschiedlichem Ausdehnungsverhalten von Turbinengehäuse und Kondensator starr sein.A basement-less or ground-level installation of the capacitor is avoiding an unfavorable pressure drop by doing without a usually between the Steam turbine and the condenser switched overflow line allows. For this purpose, the capacitor is directly on the turbine housing connected. The connection of the turbine housing and capacitor should do so for absorbing frictional forces especially with different expansion behavior of the turbine housing and capacitor must be rigid.

Bei der Anordnung der Auflager in der Höhe der Turbinenachse führt eine Wärmedehnung der Dampfturbinenanlage zu einer Verschiebung des Kondensators relativ zu seinem Fundament, ohne daß Verschiebungen in vertikaler Richtung auftreten können. Um zur Vermeidung von Schäden infolge von Wärmedehnungen die Verschiebung des Kondensators in horizontaler Richtung besonders zu erleichtern, ist vorteilhafterweise zur Lagerung des Kondensators ein Vielkugellager vorgesehen.With the arrangement of the supports at the height of the turbine axis thermal expansion of the steam turbine system leads to a shift of the capacitor relative to its foundation without that shifts in the vertical direction can occur. To avoid damage due to thermal expansion the Displacement of the capacitor in the horizontal direction especially to facilitate, is advantageously for storing the A multi-ball bearing capacitor is provided.

Zweckmäßigerweise erfolgt die Abstützung des Abdampfgehäuses auf dem Fundament über eine Anzahl von seitlich am Abdampfgehäuse angeordneten Pratzen. Die Pratzen sollten dabei seitlich am Abdampfgehäuse derart angeordnet sein, daß sie aufgrund ihrer Lagerung in einem jeweiligen Gleitlager das durch den Turbinenläufer verursachte Drehmoment des Abdampfgehäuses aufnehmen. Das Turbinengehäuse ist dabei durch Mittenführungen an seinem Vorderende und an seinem Hinterende in der Wellenmitte gehaltert. Durch die Verwendung von Gleitlagern zur Lagerung der Pratzen kann die Dampfturbine dabei derart ausgebildet sein, daß Wärmebewegungen quer zur Hauptachse der Turbinenwelle infolge thermischer Ausdehnung, beispielsweise bei einem Lastwechsel, nicht zu Schäden an der Dampfturbine führen.The evaporation housing is expediently supported on the foundation over a number of on the side of the exhaust housing arranged claws. The claws should be on the side be arranged on the evaporator housing such that they are due their storage in a respective slide bearing torque of the exhaust steam casing caused the turbine rotor take up. The turbine housing is through center guides at its front end and at its rear end in the middle of the wave supported. By using plain bearings for Storage of the claws, the steam turbine can be designed in this way be that thermal movements transverse to the main axis of the Turbine shaft due to thermal expansion, for example in the event of a load change, do not damage the steam turbine to lead.

Bei einer besonders symmetrischen und somit gegenüber Wärmedehnungen besonders unempfindlichen Anordnung der Dampfturbinenanlage umfaßt der Kondensator vorteilhafterweise eine Anzahl von Kondensatorelementen, von denen jeweils zwei am Abdampfgehäuse einander gegenüberliegend angeordnet sind.With a particularly symmetrical and thus against thermal expansion particularly insensitive arrangement of the steam turbine system the capacitor advantageously comprises a number of condenser elements, two of which are each on the exhaust housing are arranged opposite each other.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielten Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, daß durch die Halterung des Endlagers direkt auf dem Fundament eine besonders hohe Steifigkeit des Endlagers mit besonders einfachen Mitteln erreichbar ist. Das Endlager ist zudem mechanisch vom Abdampfgehäuse entkoppelt und somit unempfindlich gegenüber Bewegungen des Abdampfgehäuses. Durch die Halterung des Endlagers direkt auf dem Fundament kann weiterhin das Lagergehäuse innerhalb eines Schachtbereichs und somit außerhalb des von Dampf durchströmten Raumbereichs angeordnet sein. Der Aufwand bezüglich einer Abdichtung des Endlagers gegenüber dem von Dampf durchströmten Raumbereich ist dabei besonders gering.The advantages achieved with the invention are in particular in that directly by holding the repository the foundation has a particularly high rigidity of the repository can be reached with particularly simple means. The repository is also mechanically decoupled from the exhaust housing and thus insensitive to movements of the evaporation casing. By the holder of the repository can directly on the foundation furthermore the bearing housing within a shaft area and thus outside the area through which steam flows be arranged. The effort to seal the Repository opposite the area through which steam flows is particularly low.

Durch die verschiebbare Lagerung des Kondensators oder der Kondensatorelemente auf dem Fundament ist auf besonders einfache Weise eine Kompensation thermischer Ausdehnungen infolge von Lastwechseln der Dampfturbine auch bei einer starren Verbindung des Kondensators mit dem Turbinengehäuse ermöglicht. Somit ist eine kellerlose oder ebenerdige Aufstellung des Kondensators auch bei Verzicht auf eine den Kondensator von der Dampfturbine kräftemäßig entkoppelnden Überströmleitung möglich.Due to the movable storage of the capacitor or Capacitor elements on the foundation is particularly simple Way a compensation of thermal expansions as a result of load changes of the steam turbine even with a rigid one Connection of the capacitor to the turbine housing allows. This is a basement-less or ground-level installation of the capacitor even if the capacitor is not used force decoupling from the steam turbine possible.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert. Darin zeigen:

FIG 1
schematisch eine Dampfturbine im Längsschnitt,
FIG 2
ein Abdampfgehäuse im Querschnitt, und
FIG 3
schematisch eine Dampfturbinenanlage in Frontansicht.
An embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail with reference to a drawing. In it show:
FIG. 1
schematically a steam turbine in longitudinal section,
FIG 2
an evaporator housing in cross section, and
FIG 3
schematically a steam turbine system in front view.

Gleiche Teile sind in allen Figuren mit denselben Bezugszeichen versehen.The same parts have the same reference symbols in all the figures Mistake.

Die Dampfturbine 1 gemäß FIG 1 umfaßt ein Abdampfgehäuse 2, durch das in der Dampfturbine 1 entspannter Dampf einem in FIG 1 nicht näher dargestellten, der Dampfturbine 1 nachgeschalteten Kondensator zuführbar ist. Das Abdampfgehäuse 2 ist aus einem unteren Gehäusebauteil 4 und einem oberen Gehäusebauteil 6 zusammengesetzt. Das untere Gehäusebauteil 4 und das obere Gehäusebauteil 6 sind jeweils einteilig und als Schweißkonstruktion ausgeführt. Die Dampfturbine 1 ist im Ausführungsbeispiel zum Einsatz als Industrieturbine vorgesehen und für eine mechanische Leistung von etwa 6 bis 8 MW ausgelegt. Alternativ kann die Dampfturbine 1 aber auch zum Einsatz als Kraftwerksturbine mit vergleichsweise höherer mechanischer Leistung vorgesehen sein.The steam turbine 1 according to FIG. 1 comprises an exhaust steam housing 2, by the steam relaxed in the steam turbine 1 1 not shown, downstream of the steam turbine 1 Capacitor can be supplied. The evaporator casing 2 is composed of a lower housing component 4 and an upper housing component 6 composed. The lower housing component 4 and the upper housing component 6 are each in one piece and as Welded construction carried out. The steam turbine 1 is in the Embodiment intended for use as an industrial turbine and for a mechanical output of about 6 to 8 MW designed. Alternatively, the steam turbine 1 can also Use as a power plant turbine with a comparatively higher mechanical Performance.

Innerhalb des Abdampfgehäuses 2 ist ein als Radiallager ausgebildetes Endlager 8 für den Turbinenläufer 10 der Dampfturbine 1 angeordnet. Der Turbinenläufer 10 ist zudem in einer Anzahl weiterer, als Radial- und/oder Axiallager ausgebildeter Lager 12 um seine Mittelachse 14 drehbar gelagert. Das in einer Innennabe angeordnete Endlager 8 umfaßt Lagerteile 16, 18, die gemeinsam ein Lagergehäuse für das eigentliche Lager 20 des Endlagers 8 bilden. Weitere Einzelheiten bezüglich der Ausgestaltung des Endlagers 8 sowie der zugehörigen Dichtungsanordnung sind ebenfalls aus FIG 1 erkennbar; sie werden der Übersicht halber an dieser Stelle jedoch nicht erörtert.Inside the evaporation housing 2 is a radial bearing Repository 8 for the turbine runner 10 of the steam turbine 1 arranged. The turbine runner 10 is also in one Number of others designed as radial and / or axial bearings Bearing 12 rotatably supported about its central axis 14. This in an inner hub arranged end bearing 8 comprises bearing parts 16, 18, which together a bearing housing for the actual warehouse 20 of the repository 8 form. More details regarding the Design of the repository 8 and the associated sealing arrangement can also be seen in FIG 1; you will be for the sake of clarity, however, not discussed here.

Wie aus FIG 1 und insbesondere auch aus FIG 2 ersichtlich ist, ist das Endlager 8 durch einen durch das untere Gehäusebauteil 4 des Abdampfgehäuses 2 geführten, auf einen Fundamentblock 22 gestützten Träger 24 gehaltert. Dazu ist das Lagerteil 18 starr mit dem Träger 24 verbunden.As can be seen from FIG. 1 and in particular also from FIG is, the end bearing 8 by a through the lower housing member 4 of the evaporation housing 2 guided on a foundation block 22 supported carrier 24 supported. This is the bearing part 18 rigidly connected to the carrier 24.

Zur Abdichtung ist der Träger 24, wie in FIG 2 dargestellt, im Innenraum 26 einer im Inneren des Abdampfgehäuses 2 angeordneten Mittelrippe 28 angeordnet. Die Mittelrippe 28 ist dabei in der Art eines Schachts durch das Abdampfgehäuse 2 geführt, wobei der Innenraum 26 der Mittelrippe 28 über Öffnungen 30 mit der Umgebungsatmosphäre kommuniziert. Das aus den Lagerteilen 16, 18 gebildete Lagergehäuse des Endlagers 8 ist dabei innerhalb eines als Innennabe ausgebildeten, im Vergleich zur Mittelrippe 28 verdickten Schachtbereichs 32 und somit außerhalb des von Dampf durchströmten Raumbereichs angeordnet. Der Aufwand bezüglich einer Abdichtung des Endlagers 8 gegenüber dem von Dampf durchströmten Raumbereich ist dabei besonders gering.For sealing purposes, the carrier 24, as shown in FIG. arranged in the interior 26 of an interior of the evaporator housing 2 Center rib 28 arranged. The middle rib 28 is thereby in the manner of a shaft through the exhaust steam housing 2 guided, the interior 26 of the central rib 28 via openings 30 communicates with the surrounding atmosphere. The end the bearing parts 16, 18 formed bearing housing of the repository 8 is within a trained as an inner hub, in Compared to the central rib 28 thickened shaft area 32 and thus outside the area through which steam flows arranged. The effort to seal the repository 8 compared to the area through which steam flows particularly low.

Das untere Gehäusebauteil 4 und das obere Gehäusebauteil 6 sind jeweils als Halbschale ausgeführt und in einer Teilfugenebene 34 zur Bildung des Abdampfgehäuses 2 zusammengesetzt. Für Montage- oder Inspektionszwecke sind die Gehäusebauteile 4, 6 jeweils mit Aufhängungen 36 versehen. Am unteren Gehäusebauteil 4 des Abdampfgehäuses 2 sind zudem eine Anzahl von Pratzen 38 angeordnet, von denen jede in nicht näher dargestellter Weise in einem Gleitlager gelagert ist. Die Pratzen 38 sind dabei derart seitlich am Abdampfgehäuse 2 angeordnet, daß sie aufgrund ihrer Lagerung im jeweiligen Gleitlager die durch den Turbinenläufer 10 aufgebrachten Drehmomente während des Betriebs der Dampfturbine 1 aufnehmen.The lower housing component 4 and the upper housing component 6 are each designed as a half-shell and in a parting plane 34 assembled to form the evaporation housing 2. The housing components are for assembly or inspection purposes 4, 6 each provided with suspensions 36. At the bottom Housing component 4 of the evaporation housing 2 are also a Number of claws 38 arranged, each in no closer illustrated manner is mounted in a plain bearing. The Claws 38 are arranged laterally on the evaporation housing 2, that due to their storage in the respective Plain bearings applied by the turbine runner 10 Record torques during the operation of the steam turbine 1.

Durch die Halterung des Endlagers 8 über den Träger 24 direkt auf dem Fundamentblock 22 ist eine besonders hohe Steifigkeit des Endlagers 8 mit besonders einfachen Mitteln gewährleistet. Das Endlager 8 ist zudem mechanisch vom Abdampfgehäuse 2 entkoppelt und somit unempfindlich gegenüber Bewegungen des Abdampfgehäuses 2 während des Betriebs der Dampfturbine 1. Die Lagerung des Abdampfgehäuses 2 in den Gleitlagern mittels der Pratzen 38 stellt zudem eine Kompensation von Drehmomenten des Turbinenläufers 10 sicher. Durch die Verwendung von Gleitlagern zur Lagerung der Pratzen 38 ist die Dampfturbine 1 dabei derart ausgebildet, daß Wärmebewegungen quer zur Mittelachse 14 des Turbinenläufers 10 infolge thermischer Ausdehnung, beispielsweise bei einem Lastwechsel, nicht zu Schäden an der Dampfturbine 1 führen. Zudem ist mit Hilfe der Pratzen 38 eine weitgehende Vormontage der Dampfturbine 1 bereits am Herstellungsort möglich.By holding the end bearing 8 directly on the carrier 24 there is a particularly high rigidity on the foundation block 22 of the repository 8 guaranteed with particularly simple means. The repository 8 is also mechanical from the evaporator housing 2 decoupled and thus insensitive to movements of the Evaporation housing 2 during the operation of the steam turbine 1. The storage of the evaporator housing 2 in the plain bearings by means of the claw 38 also compensates for torques of the turbine rotor 10 safely. By the use of The steam turbine is slide bearings for storing the claws 38 1 designed such that thermal movements transverse to the central axis 14 of the turbine rotor 10 due to thermal expansion, for example when changing loads, not causing damage on the steam turbine 1. In addition, with the help of Claws 38 already largely pre-assemble the steam turbine 1 possible at the place of manufacture.

Zur Montage der Dampfturbine 1 und insbesondere ihres Abdampfgehäuses 2 ist eine zentrierte Fixierung des Abdampfgehäuses 2 und des Endlagers 8 mittels einer nicht näher dargestellten vertikalen Spornführung vorgesehen.To assemble the steam turbine 1 and in particular its steam housing 2 is a centered fixation of the evaporator housing 2 and the repository 8 by means of a not shown vertical spur guide provided.

Die Dampfturbine 1 ist, wie in FIG 3 schematisch dargestellt, Teil einer Dampfturbinenanlage 40. Das untere Gehäusebauteil 4 des Abdampfgehäuses 2 ist auf einem Traggestell 42 angeordnet, welches seinerseits auf dem ebenerdigen Fundamentblock 22 eines nicht näher dargestellten Maschinenhauses angebracht ist.The steam turbine 1, as shown schematically in FIG. 3, Part of a steam turbine system 40. The lower housing component 4 of the evaporation housing 2 is arranged on a support frame 42, which in turn is on the ground-level foundation block 22 attached to a machine house, not shown is.

Die Dampfturbine 1 ist in einen nicht näher dargestellten Wasser-Dampf-Kreislauf der Dampfturbinenanlage 40 geschaltet. Im Wasser-Dampf-Kreislauf ist der Dampfturbine 1 ein Kondensator 44 nachgeschaltet, der im Ausführungsbeispiel zwei Kondensatorelemente 46, 48 umfaßt. Alternativ kann aber auch eine andere Anzahl an Kondensatorelementen vorgesehen sein.The steam turbine 1 is in a not shown Water-steam circuit of the steam turbine system 40 switched. In the water-steam cycle, the steam turbine 1 is a condenser 44 connected downstream, the two capacitor elements in the exemplary embodiment 46, 48 includes. Alternatively, it can also a different number of capacitor elements can be provided.

Die Kondensatorelemente 46, 48 des Kondensators 44 sind jeweils über einen Flansch 50, 52 mit dem Abdampfgehäuse 2 der Dampfturbine 1 starr lösbar verbunden. Zur Herstellung der starr lösbaren Verbindungen ist dabei an jedem Flansch 50, 52 eine Schraubverbindung vorgesehen. Das Abdampfgehäuse 2 ist dabei derart ausgebildet, daß sämtliche für die Abströmung des Turbinenabdampfes vorgesehenen Abströmflächen in das obere Gehäusebauteil 6 integriert sind. Unabhängig von der individuellen Auslegung der Dampfturbine 1 ist somit ein standardisiertes Bauteil als unteres Gehäusebauteil 4 verwendbar. The capacitor elements 46, 48 of the capacitor 44 are each via a flange 50, 52 with the evaporator housing 2 Steam turbine 1 rigidly releasably connected. To make the there are rigid detachable connections on each flange 50, 52 a screw connection is provided. The evaporation housing 2 is designed so that all for the outflow of the turbine exhaust flow provided in the upper housing component 6 are integrated. Independent of individual design of the steam turbine 1 is thus a standardized component can be used as the lower housing component 4.

Zur Lagerung der Kondensatorelemente 46, 48 des Kondensators 44 ist jeweils ein auf dem Fundamentblock 22 angeordneter Lagerblock 56 bzw. 58 vorgesehen. Auf dem jeweiligen Lagerblock 56, 58 ist das jeweilige Kondensatorelement 46 bzw. 48 mittels einer Anzahl von Auflagern 60 bzw. 62 in horizontaler Richtung verschiebbar gelagert. Der Kondensator 44 ist somit auf dem Fundamentblock 22 verschiebbar gelagert. Die Lagerblöcke 56, 58 sind dabei in ihrer Höhe derart bemessen, daß die Auflager 60, 62 annähernd in Höhe der Mittelachse 14 des Turbinenläufers 10 der Dampfturbine 1 angeordnet sind. Durch diese Anordnung ist ein Auftreten vertikaler Kraftkomponenten in den Auflagern 60, 62 bei thermischen Spannungen weitgehend vermieden.For storing the capacitor elements 46, 48 of the capacitor 44 is a bearing block arranged on the foundation block 22 56 or 58 provided. On the respective warehouse block 56, 58 is the respective capacitor element 46 or 48 by means of a number of supports 60 and 62 in horizontal Slidably supported in the direction. The capacitor 44 is thus slidably mounted on the foundation block 22. The bearing blocks 56, 58 are dimensioned in such a height that the supports 60, 62 approximately at the level of the central axis 14 of the Turbine rotor 10 of the steam turbine 1 are arranged. By this arrangement is an occurrence of vertical force components in the supports 60, 62 largely at thermal stresses avoided.

Als Auflager 60, 62 sind im Ausführungsbeispiel Vielkugellager vorgesehen. Alternativ oder zusätzlich können die Auflager 60, 62 aber auch als Elastomere oder als Pendelstützen ausgebildet sein.In the exemplary embodiment, multi-ball bearings are used as supports 60, 62 intended. Alternatively or additionally, the supports 60, 62 but also as elastomers or as pendulum supports be trained.

Durch die verschiebbare Lagerung der Kondensatorelemente 46, 48 des Kondensators 44 auf dem Fundamentblock 22 ist auf besonders einfache Weise eine ebenerdige Anordnung des Kondensators 44 und somit eine kellerlose Aufstellung des Kondensators 44 ermöglicht. Die bei Lastwechseln der Dampfturbine 1 infolge thermischer Ausdehnungen auftretenden Kräfte werden über die starren Verbindungen an den Flanschen 50, 52 auf die Kondensatorelemente 46, 48 übertragen. Sie resultieren dort infolge der verschiebbaren Lagerung in einer horizontalen Verschiebung der Kondensatorelemente 46, 48, ohne daß nennenswerte Verspannungen auftreten können. Auch bei kellerloser Aufstellung des Kondensators 44 sind somit Schäden aufgrund von Wärmespannungen sicher vermieden.Due to the displaceable mounting of the capacitor elements 46, 48 of the capacitor 44 on the foundation block 22 is special simple arrangement of the capacitor at ground level 44 and thus a basement-free installation of the capacitor 44 allows. The changes in load on the steam turbine 1 forces due to thermal expansion over the rigid connections on the flanges 50, 52 to the Transfer capacitor elements 46, 48. They result there due to the sliding storage in a horizontal Displacement of the capacitor elements 46, 48 without any significant Tension can occur. Even if there is no cellar Installation of the capacitor 44 is therefore damage due to of thermal stresses safely avoided.

Die bei der horizontalen Verschiebung der Kondensatorelemente 46, 48 auftretenden Reibungskräfte sind aufgrund der Ausgestaltung der Lagerelemente 50, 52 besonders gering. The horizontal displacement of the capacitor elements 46, 48 occurring frictional forces are due to the design the bearing elements 50, 52 particularly low.

Die Kondensatorelemente 46, 48 sind einander gegenüberliegend am Abdampfgehäuse 2 der Dampfturbine 1 angeordnet. Die bei der horizontalen Verschiebung der Kondensatorelemente 46, 48 infolge thermischer Ausdehnung auftretenden, auf das Abdampfgehäuse 2 aufgrund der Reibungskräfte in den Auflagern 60, 62 einwirkenden Reaktionskräfte kompensieren sich aufgrund dieser symmetrischen Anordnung nahezu. Eine Verlagerung des Gehäuseoberteils infolge thermischer Ausdehnungen ist somit sicher vermieden.The capacitor elements 46, 48 are opposite one another arranged on the steam housing 2 of the steam turbine 1. The at the horizontal displacement of the capacitor elements 46, 48 due to thermal expansion occurring on the exhaust housing 2 due to the frictional forces in the supports 60, 62 acting reaction forces compensate each other due to this symmetrical arrangement almost. A shift of the upper housing part due to thermal expansion is therefore safe avoided.

Claims (4)

  1. Steam turbine installation (40) having a steam turbine (1) whose turbine rotor (10) is mounted in an end bearing (8) which is held by a support (24) guided through the exhaust steam housing (2) of the steam turbine (1) and supported on a foundation block (22), characterized in that the exhaust steam housing (2) is detachably but rigidly connected to a condenser (44) and the condenser being mounted in a number of supports (60, 62) which are arranged at the level of the mid-axis (14) of the turbine rotor (10).
  2. Steam turbine (1) according to Claim 1, whose exhaust steam housing (2) has a number of pads (38) which are each mounted in a sliding bearing.
  3. Steam turbine installation (40) according to Claim 1 or 2, in which a multiple ball bearing is provided to mount the condenser (44).
  4. Steam turbine installation (40) according to one of Claims 1 to 3, in which the condenser (44) has a number of condenser elements (46, 48) of which two are in each case arranged opposite each other on the exhaust steam housing (2).
EP98933491A 1997-05-21 1998-05-08 Bearing arrangement for a steam turbine installation Expired - Lifetime EP0983422B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19721317 1997-05-21
DE19721317 1997-05-21
PCT/DE1998/001297 WO1998053183A1 (en) 1997-05-21 1998-05-08 Bearing arrangement for a steam turbine installation

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EP0983422A1 EP0983422A1 (en) 2000-03-08
EP0983422B1 true EP0983422B1 (en) 2002-10-02

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EP98933491A Expired - Lifetime EP0983422B1 (en) 1997-05-21 1998-05-08 Bearing arrangement for a steam turbine installation

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US (1) US6231305B1 (en)
EP (1) EP0983422B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4162723B2 (en)
CZ (1) CZ292470B6 (en)
DE (1) DE59805811D1 (en)
WO (1) WO1998053183A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19846224A1 (en) * 1998-10-07 2000-04-20 Siemens Ag Steam turbine with an exhaust steam casing
DE102006027237A1 (en) * 2005-06-14 2006-12-28 Alstom Technology Ltd. Steam turbine for a power plant has guide blade rows that are arranged on a single blade ring which is in turn arranged in the inner casing
US20110000222A1 (en) * 2007-08-31 2011-01-06 General Electric Company Gas turbine rotor-stator support system
EP2373873B1 (en) 2008-12-22 2015-01-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Turbine pedestal unit
US20120195750A1 (en) * 2011-01-31 2012-08-02 General Electric Company Turbomachine supports having thermal control system
EP2977565A1 (en) * 2014-07-21 2016-01-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft A turbomachine arrangement
DE102015213257A1 (en) * 2015-07-15 2017-01-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Abdampfgehäuse for a turbine, turbine frame, turbine housing and mounting system
CN111608747B (en) * 2020-04-07 2022-05-10 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 Short-span steam turbine rotor supporting structure and steam turbine rotor support mounting method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2643078A (en) * 1946-05-07 1953-06-23 Parsons & Marine Eng Turbine Elastic fluid turbine support
FR1315513A (en) * 1961-03-08 1963-01-18 Parsons & Marine Eng Turbine Bearing housing for rotating parts
DE2147444A1 (en) * 1971-09-23 1973-03-29 Kraftwerk Union Ag STEAM TURBINE SYSTEM
CH570549A5 (en) * 1974-04-09 1975-12-15 Bbc Sulzer Turbomaschinen
SU1240923A1 (en) * 1984-04-06 1986-06-30 Всесоюзный Дважды Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Теплотехнический Научно-Исследовательский Институт Им.Ф.Э.Дзержинского Arrangement for installing the casing of turbomachine
SU1430560A1 (en) * 1987-02-27 1988-10-15 Е.М.Семижонов Arrangement for fastening condenser of steam turbine in hydraulic test
FR2646470B1 (en) * 1989-04-26 1991-07-05 Alsthom Gec ROTOR SUPPORT SYSTEM IN AN AXIAL EXHAUST TURBINE WITH THE ISOTROPICALLY STRAIGHT EXHAUST BEARING, DIRECTLY FLANGE ON THE FOUNDATION
FR2646469B1 (en) * 1989-04-28 1991-07-05 Alsthom Gec ROTOR SUPPORT SYSTEM IN AN AXIAL EXHAUST TURBINE WITH THE EXHAUST SIDE INTEGRATED IN THE FOUNDATION

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JP2001527620A (en) 2001-12-25
JP4162723B2 (en) 2008-10-08
WO1998053183A1 (en) 1998-11-26
US6231305B1 (en) 2001-05-15
DE59805811D1 (en) 2002-11-07
CZ292470B6 (en) 2003-09-17
EP0983422A1 (en) 2000-03-08
CZ412899A3 (en) 2000-05-17

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