EP0981019A1 - Procédé et brûleur pour la combustion des combustibles liquides - Google Patents

Procédé et brûleur pour la combustion des combustibles liquides Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0981019A1
EP0981019A1 EP98810815A EP98810815A EP0981019A1 EP 0981019 A1 EP0981019 A1 EP 0981019A1 EP 98810815 A EP98810815 A EP 98810815A EP 98810815 A EP98810815 A EP 98810815A EP 0981019 A1 EP0981019 A1 EP 0981019A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
air inlet
burner
combustion
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98810815A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jakob Prof. Dr. Keller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
ABB AB
Original Assignee
ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
Asea Brown Boveri AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd, Asea Brown Boveri AB filed Critical ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
Priority to EP98810815A priority Critical patent/EP0981019A1/fr
Publication of EP0981019A1 publication Critical patent/EP0981019A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/40—Mixing tubes or chambers; Burner heads
    • F23D11/402—Mixing chambers downstream of the nozzle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/38—Nozzles; Cleaning devices therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/02—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape
    • B05B1/04—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape in flat form, e.g. fan-like, sheet-like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/07002—Premix burners with air inlet slots obtained between offset curved wall surfaces, e.g. double cone burners

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for the combustion of liquid Fuels in a burner according to the preamble of claim 1. It concerns also a burner for applying the method.
  • a burner of the type mentioned above goes for example from the EP 0321 809 B1 and is used with great success for firing gas turbine systems used.
  • This type of burner is considered a successful type of burner output, those for firing with highly reactive, gaseous and liquid fuels designed with a high calorific value of around 35 to 50 MJ / kg are.
  • Hirbei is using the liquid fuel inside the combustion chamber a nozzle arrangement in the center of the cone cavity in the form of a introduced conical fuel sprays.
  • the conical Fuel spray is from a tangent flowing into the cone cavity rotating combustion air flow enclosed and thereby stabilized. Only in Area of the vortex runout, i.e.
  • the inner and outer shape of the Brenners can be seen as the end product of an extensive optimization process in which the burner from the point of view of combustion liquid fuel with a high calorific value has been optimized.
  • the existing technology for high calorific gaseous fuels leads to very low nitrogen oxide emissions dry "operation, ie without additional injection of water or steam, while the existing injection method for liquid fuel is designed for robust operation in a wide range of loads, water being introduced together with the liquid fuel so that the NOx emissions are sufficient in all operating conditions can be kept low.
  • the invention as characterized in the claims, is the object based on a method and a burner of the type mentioned the injection technology of an existing burner for liquid fuels expand that very low NOx emissions even without additional Injection of water or steam can be achieved.
  • the burner should not be used to meet the above objectives Basic structure to be changed because the burner for the combustion of high calorific Fuels is optimized. Deviations from the optimized torch shape would immediately lead to deterioration in the combustion of high calorific Lead fuels.
  • the invention is based on the idea of burning liquid fuels in a burner which has at least two half, hollow partial cone bodies which enclose a conical cavity and whose axes of longitudinal symmetry are offset with respect to one another, as a result of which at least two tangential air inlet slots for a combustion supply air flow, together with the Combustion supply air flow to introduce a spray of a fuel / air mixture fanned out in the form of a surface into the air inlet slots.
  • the flat fuel / air mixture flow is to be aligned centrally to the air inlet slots, so that the fuel atomized into the smallest droplets does not reach the inner wall of the partial cone body enclosing the air inlet slots.
  • an injection device For the injection and generation of a flat spray is in front of the respective Air inlet slots attached an injection device, at least has one, preferably two or three fan jet nozzles.
  • the as Taylor injectors trained fan jet nozzles are typically used for atomizing fuel operated with a fuel pressure of approx. 100 bar, whereby Fuel droplets with a diameter between about 1 and 100 microns, preferably 10 to 30 ⁇ m arise.
  • the droplet size of the atomized fuel droplets therefore plays an important role Role because the fuel droplets introduced into the air inlet slots not immediately upon entering the burner structure due to the prevailing high temperatures should be ignited, but rather on the way between the air inlet slots and the area inside the burner, in which the ignition area is provided, with which combustion air is mixed and should also evaporate before the fuel / air mixture reached the reaction zone.
  • the droplet size is that in the air inlet slots droplets of fuel to be injected according to the distance select that is specified by the burner geometry. By appropriate adjustment the droplet size can thus reduce the risk of reignition in the range of Fuel injection can be avoided.
  • fan jet nozzles in the form of Taylor injectors, which have a suitable inner contour in the nozzle outlet area, whereby a flat fuel jet is created.
  • a flat jet of liquid thereby generated by two liquid jets at an angle to each other meet, whereby a flattened, preferably spreading in a plane Liquid jet results.
  • Special embodiments of such, so-called Flat fan nozzles are described with reference to the following Drawings described in more detail.
  • FIG. 1 shows a burner in a side view, which consists essentially of two half, hollow partial cone body 1, 2 is composed, each two Limit air inlet slots, one of which is an air inlet slot 3 in Figure 1 see is.
  • An injection device 4 is provided in front of the air inlet slot, the removable via a connecting web 5 with a base plate 6 of the Brenner is connected.
  • the injection device 4 shown in FIG. 1 is over a ring-shaped frame 7 with the rear, not in detail injection device 8 connected.
  • Each injection device extends over the entire length of the Air inlet slot 3 and provides flat jet nozzles 9.
  • the flat jet nozzles 9 atomize the fuel supplied by the injection device 4 in each case in the form of a flat spray 10 or a fan-shaped spreading Fuel / air mixture such that the fuel / air mixture in the middle of the Air inlet slot 4 opens.
  • the fuel jets emerging from the two flat jet nozzles 9 are of this type oriented to each other that they the entire before entering the air inlet slot 3 Length of the slot with a coherent fuel / air mixture cover, making the burner even and homogeneous in distribution is supplied with a fuel / air mixture.
  • the injection device 4 is designed as a single flat jet nozzle, which is attached to the side of the air inlet slot 3.
  • flat jet nozzle 9 directs its output jet obliquely grazing over the entire extent of the air inlet slot 3, so that also in this Case is ensured that the entire area of the air inlet slot with the fuel / air mixture is supplied.
  • this is particularly important to bear that the fuel / air mixture injected into the air inlet slot 3 does not directly reach the inner wall of the partial cone body.
  • FIG. 3a A particularly suitable flat jet nozzle in the form of a Taylor injector is shown in Figures 3a to 3c shown.
  • Figures 3a and b show cross sections through a flat jet nozzle in two perpendicular cross-sectional planes.
  • the cross section through the nozzle 9 is in the direction of the nozzle outlet opening 11 tapering tapered inner contour 12.
  • the same nozzle 9 points in a second cross-sectional plane, which is perpendicular is to the cross-sectional plane shown in Figure 3a, one in the direction of Cross-sectional contour that widens in a conical shape.
  • FIG 4 is a flat jet nozzle 9 in front of the air inlet slot 3 of a burner shown.
  • the air inlet slot 3 is limited by the walls of the partial cone body 1 and 2.
  • the flat spray nozzle 9 on both sides above and below the fan-shaped fuel / air mixture each have a protective cover 13.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
EP98810815A 1998-08-20 1998-08-20 Procédé et brûleur pour la combustion des combustibles liquides Withdrawn EP0981019A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98810815A EP0981019A1 (fr) 1998-08-20 1998-08-20 Procédé et brûleur pour la combustion des combustibles liquides

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98810815A EP0981019A1 (fr) 1998-08-20 1998-08-20 Procédé et brûleur pour la combustion des combustibles liquides

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0981019A1 true EP0981019A1 (fr) 2000-02-23

Family

ID=8236268

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98810815A Withdrawn EP0981019A1 (fr) 1998-08-20 1998-08-20 Procédé et brûleur pour la combustion des combustibles liquides

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0981019A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002090831A1 (fr) * 2001-05-10 2002-11-14 Institut Francais Du Petrole Dispositif et procede d'injection d'un combustible liquide dans un flux d'air pour une chambre de combustion
WO2003098110A1 (fr) * 2002-05-16 2003-11-27 Alstom Technology Ltd Bruleur a premelange
WO2005095858A1 (fr) * 2004-03-31 2005-10-13 Alstom Technology Ltd Procede de pulverisation de combustible liquide dans un bruleur de premelange et bruleur de premelange

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2117388A (en) * 1935-04-30 1938-05-17 Hammel Oil Burning Equipment C Oil burner
EP0321809A1 (fr) 1987-12-21 1989-06-28 BBC Brown Boveri AG Procédé pour la combustion de combustible liquide dans un brûleur
EP0433789A1 (fr) * 1989-12-19 1991-06-26 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Procédé d'une combustion à mélange préalable d'un combustible liquide
WO1995016881A1 (fr) * 1993-12-17 1995-06-22 Abb Stal Ab Procede et appareil de pulverisation de combustible liquide
DE4445279A1 (de) * 1994-12-19 1996-06-20 Abb Management Ag Einspritzdüse

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2117388A (en) * 1935-04-30 1938-05-17 Hammel Oil Burning Equipment C Oil burner
EP0321809A1 (fr) 1987-12-21 1989-06-28 BBC Brown Boveri AG Procédé pour la combustion de combustible liquide dans un brûleur
EP0433789A1 (fr) * 1989-12-19 1991-06-26 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Procédé d'une combustion à mélange préalable d'un combustible liquide
WO1995016881A1 (fr) * 1993-12-17 1995-06-22 Abb Stal Ab Procede et appareil de pulverisation de combustible liquide
DE4445279A1 (de) * 1994-12-19 1996-06-20 Abb Management Ag Einspritzdüse

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002090831A1 (fr) * 2001-05-10 2002-11-14 Institut Francais Du Petrole Dispositif et procede d'injection d'un combustible liquide dans un flux d'air pour une chambre de combustion
FR2824625A1 (fr) * 2001-05-10 2002-11-15 Inst Francais Du Petrole Dispositif et procede d'injection d'un combustible liquide dans un flux d'air pour une chambre de combustion
US7249721B2 (en) 2001-05-10 2007-07-31 Institut Francais Du Petrole Device and method for injecting a liquid fuel into an air flow for a combustion chamber
WO2003098110A1 (fr) * 2002-05-16 2003-11-27 Alstom Technology Ltd Bruleur a premelange
US7013648B2 (en) 2002-05-16 2006-03-21 Alstom Technology Ltd. Premix burner
WO2005095858A1 (fr) * 2004-03-31 2005-10-13 Alstom Technology Ltd Procede de pulverisation de combustible liquide dans un bruleur de premelange et bruleur de premelange
DE102004015904A1 (de) * 2004-03-31 2005-10-20 Alstom Technology Ltd Baden Verfahren zur Flüssigbrennstoffzerstäubung in einem Vormischbrenner sowie Vormischbrenner

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