EP0973639A1 - Optical article with anti-reflecting coating, corresponding coating material and coating method - Google Patents
Optical article with anti-reflecting coating, corresponding coating material and coating methodInfo
- Publication number
- EP0973639A1 EP0973639A1 EP98913284A EP98913284A EP0973639A1 EP 0973639 A1 EP0973639 A1 EP 0973639A1 EP 98913284 A EP98913284 A EP 98913284A EP 98913284 A EP98913284 A EP 98913284A EP 0973639 A1 EP0973639 A1 EP 0973639A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- alkoxide
- metalloid
- inorganic
- acetylacetonate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 150000002738 metalloids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910013504 M-O-M Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920000592 inorganic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M (z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M 0.000 claims description 28
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910008051 Si-OH Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002808 Si–O–Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910006358 Si—OH Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 metalloid alkoxide Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005595 acetylacetonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003667 anti-reflective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)OC LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000411 transmission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001429 visible spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/006—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with materials of composite character
- C03C17/007—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with materials of composite character containing a dispersed phase, e.g. particles, fibres or flakes, in a continuous phase
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
- C03C1/006—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels to produce glass through wet route
- C03C1/008—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels to produce glass through wet route for the production of films or coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2203/00—Production processes
- C03C2203/20—Wet processes, e.g. sol-gel process
- C03C2203/24—Wet processes, e.g. sol-gel process using alkali silicate solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
- C03C2217/21—Oxides
- C03C2217/212—TiO2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
- C03C2217/21—Oxides
- C03C2217/213—SiO2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
- C03C2217/21—Oxides
- C03C2217/214—Al2O3
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
- C03C2217/21—Oxides
- C03C2217/22—ZrO2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
- C03C2217/21—Oxides
- C03C2217/23—Mixtures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/40—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer
- C03C2217/43—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase
- C03C2217/44—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase characterized by the composition of the continuous phase
- C03C2217/45—Inorganic continuous phases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/40—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer
- C03C2217/43—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase
- C03C2217/46—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase characterized by the dispersed phase
- C03C2217/47—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase characterized by the dispersed phase consisting of a specific material
- C03C2217/475—Inorganic materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
- C03C2218/10—Deposition methods
- C03C2218/11—Deposition methods from solutions or suspensions
- C03C2218/113—Deposition methods from solutions or suspensions by sol-gel processes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical article comprising a transparent mineral substrate having a refractive index of 1.5 to 1.9 equipped with an anti- reflecting coating, a sol-gel material which is convenient for preparing said coating, and a method of preparation of said article.
- the anti-reflecting coating of the invention is particularly effective in terms of mechanical and chemical durability.
- a significant amount of light intensity is lost due to back reflection from the surface of the transmitting optical element. These losses may occur for example in ophthalmic lenses and vehicular and architectural windows. These losses are particularly serious in optical systems containing multiple optical elements since the losses become cumulative.
- Light reflectic i also creates problems by disturbing images on display screens such as television screens.
- a method commonly employed to produce an anti-reflecting film or coating is to vacuum deposit a film of material on the surface of a light-transmitting elementsuch as an instrument glass element or a spectacle lens.
- Another proposed technique involves leaching elements other than silica from a glass surface to produce a silica layer on the surface of an article. These methods require special materials and equipment, are difficult to carry out in a controlled manner, and are time-consuming. In order to broaden the effect across the visible spectrum, multiple coatings having different effective refractive indices have been applied. It has also been proposed to provide an index gradient in a coating for special purposes. This may be accomplished by varying application conditions in a controlled manner.
- European Patent Application EP-A-514 773 refers to US Patent US-A-4,830,879 as disclosing a method wherein an alkoxide is allowed to react with water to form sol-gel solutions of different particle sizes. Successive layers of these solutions having increasing particle size are applied, for example, to a CRT face, and are dried. This enables obtaining increasing grain and pore size, and therefore decreasing density and refractive index from the substrate surface outwards.
- the European patent application cited above proposes a modification of the process described in said US patent, according to which the coating generated is a closed (non-porous) coating in which the degree of cross-linking of the gel increases outwardly.
- the first object of the present invention is an optical article comprising a mineral substrate and an anti-reflecting coating on at least one surface of said mineral substrate.
- said mineral substrate has a refractive index between 1.5 and 1.9 and said anti-reflecting coating is a single layer, nanoporous/nanograin structured coating, obtained by heat-treating a sol-gel film, constituted of strongly interconnected, inorganic polymers, also linked with inorganic particles ; said polymers forming a tri-dimensional network which has the general formula M-OH/M-O-M, in which M represents a metal or a metalloid, advantageously selected from silicon, aluminum, zirconium, titanium and mixtures thereof. Said particles are oxides of M.
- the invention relates to the production of such an article and more specifically to a method which comprises :
- the present invention also relates to a sol gel material which is notably appropriate for forming an anti-reflecting coating such as characterized above on a mineral substrate having a refractive index between 1.5 and 1.9.
- Said material consists of a solution, in an organic solvent, of at least one alkoxide, one acetylacetonate or one acetate of metal or metalloid M- said metal or metalloid M advantageously consisting of silicon, aluminum, zirconium or titanium - hydrolyzed and polymerized by an inorganic acid catalyst, advantageously consisting of hydrochloric acid, in order to form an inorganic tri-dimensional network of strongly interconnected inorganic polymers ; said network being solvated by said organic solvent, having the general formula M-OH/M-O-M and containing, connected to said polymers, inorganic particles (oxide(s) of M).
- the optical article thus comprises an original anti-reflecting coating - single- layer coating of the film type such as described above - on a transparent mineral substrate.
- Said mineral substrate may be, amongst others, an optical element in inorganic or organic glass and more particularly it may consist of an ophthalmic lens.
- this particular field of use may readily be referred to, but clearly the field of use of said invention is much wider : it includes any form of element which transmits light, and image display devices.
- the coating of the invention is an anti-reflecting coating, compatible with substrates having refractive indices between 1.5 and 1.9. Further, it has good chemical and mechanical durability (resistance to abrasion and to the formation of scratches).
- the method of obtaining the coating is easy to carry out and is of short duration, typically in the order of one hour.
- Said coating of the invention is advantageously based on a tri-dimensional network, of general formula Si-OH/Si-O-Si, which contains colloidal particles of silica.
- M is also Al, Zr, Ti (metal). The intervention of a plurality of Ms within a network is in no way excluded.
- the sol-gel film (which, heat-treated, consolidates the anti-reflecting coating and fixes it on the substrate), is advantageously obtained from a solution containing colloidal particles of silica, alumina, zircon and/or titanium oxide : the molar ratio of the metal and/or metalloid of said particles with respect to the total amount of intervening metal and/or metalloid being lower than 50 % , but at least 10 % .
- the optical article of the invention has a coating of thickness lower than 150 nm. Said thickness is in fact generally between 70 and 150 nm. It is advantageously about 90 nm.
- the coating of the invention is generated on an appropriate substrate, as indicated above.
- the method described basically comprises preparing a sol-gel type coating solution, depositing the coating as a single layer by dipping, spinning, or by any other known depositing method, and heat- treating said single layer in order to form said anti-reflecting coating.
- This heat- treatment allows transforming the sol-gel material, which has undergone a polymerization beforehand with a high degree of cross-linking, into a coating of pore/grain nanostructure; a coating which has the anti-reflecting character sought- after.
- Said material - sol-gel type solution in fact constitutes the precursor of said expected coating.
- Said material is prepared by dissolving at least one alkoxide, one acetylacetonate or one acetate of metal or metalloid M, in a compatible organic solvent such as an alcohol (e. g. ethanol).
- a compatible organic solvent such as an alcohol (e. g. ethanol).
- Said alkoxide advantageously has the general formula M(X) n in which M is a metal or metalloid selected from aluminum, silicon, zirconium and titanium, X is an alkoxy group and n is an integer corresponding to the valency of M.
- M Si
- an alkylalkoxysilane of formula R n SiX4_ n may more generally be brought to intervene in which R represents an alkyl group, X an alkoxy group and n an integer between 0 and 3, inclusive.
- alkyl and alkoxy used above generally stand for (Ci -Chal y 1 and (C ⁇ -C5)alkoxy, advantageously (C ⁇ -C3)alkyl, (C ⁇ -C3)al oxy.
- the acetylacetonates and/or acetates which may intervene advantageously have the respective formulae below :
- M Si, Al, Zr or Ti and n represents the valence of said M.
- the alkoxide, acetylacetonate or acetate of metal or metalloid (M) (which optionally consists of an alkylalkoxysilane) is hydrolyzed by adding an aqueous solution which contains a large amount of an inorganic acid catalyst.
- the catalyst is a solution of a strong mineral acid such as HC1 or HNO3, which allows obtaining a pH lower than 2, and preferably lower than 1.
- the hydrolysis of all the functions, notably alkoxy is accomplished in this strong acid medium to obtain a long chain inorganic polymer.
- said acid catalyst intervenes in a large amount.
- This notion is specified below in a manner which is by no means limiting. It constitutes in any case a trait of originality of the invention process.
- the molar ratio of the inorganic catalyst (such as HC1, HNO 3 ) to the alkoxide, the acetylacetonate, or the acetate which intervenes is advantageously greater than 0.5 and preferably stays lower than 1. A value of about 0.8 seems to be optimal. With reference to the hydrolyses of the prior art processes, it shall be noted that, within their context, these same molar ratios are much lower, generally much lower than 0.2.
- colloidal particles of oxide are formed in situ within the polymerized matrix having formula
- M-OH/M-O-M M-OH/M-O-M.
- These inorganic colloidal particles are strongly connected to the tri-dimensional network of said matrix.
- the molar ratio of these particles (e. g. i ⁇ 2) with respect to the total amount of intervening alkoxide, acetylacetonate or acetate is at least 10 % but remains lower than 50 % . This has already been seen earlier in the present text.
- a single layer of coating is applied to at least one surface of the substrate in order to render it anti-reflecting.
- This application is preferably carried out by dip or spin coating.
- dip coating the substrate is dipped once into the solution. It must be removed at a constant speed with an even motion. This avoids any thickness variation in the deposited coating.
- Spin coating may be preferred where only one surface is to be coated.
- a pulverization spray may advantageously be carried out. It has been seen previously that the final coating generally has a thickness between 70 and 150 nm. The size of the inorganic colloidal particles which form during the hydrolysis and aging must be compatible with such a thickness.
- the thickness does not generally go over 150 nm and in general it is much lower than its 150 nm and it is preferably about 50 nm.
- a final coating of thickness of about 90 nm may have a grain size of 20 nm.
- Particle size refers to colloidal particles suspended in the coating solution .
- Grain size refers to grain structure in the anti-reflecting film after heat treatment.
- particle size is directly related to grain size structure because, during the characteristic rapid heat treatment, the colloidal particles transforms directly into grains.
- the mineral substrate coated with the sol-gel type material is initially dried in a uniform manner. Drying may be by infrared heating, or drying in an oven. The solvent is thus evaporated ; then, the dried article is placed in a preheated furnace for the final heat treatment that effects production of an anti-reflecting film with durable properties.
- the furnace temperature may range between 200 and 600 °C, preferably between 250 - 450°C.
- the time-temperature cycle varies inversely. For example, the time of this treatment at 250 °C may be 30 minutes to 2 hours, while at 450 °C it will be in the range of 5 to 30 minutes.
- the coated article is then removed from the heat treating furnace and cooled to ambient temperature.
- the coating is densified to a metal oxide state by the heat treatment. Also, however, a small, residual nanoporosity is produced which confers the necessary low-refractive index to the coating.
- Said heat treatment also fixes said coating to said substrate. For example, pore size is in the order of 20 nm and coating thickness about 90 nm.
- the sol-gel type material such as described above with reference to the process of the invention constitutes the last object of the present invention.
- the sol-gel (solution) type material is particularly effective when it is used on substrates having a refractive index of 1.6 to 1.9. However, it can be slightly modified for use with substrates having a lower refractive index in the 1.5 - 1.6 range.
- the heat treatment of this coating corresponds to that described above for treatment of the higher index coated substrate. This treatment produces a nanoporous condition and nano particles from the colloidal part of the solution.
- This particular implementation makes up an integral part of the present invention.
- the method of preparing the sol-gel type material proceeds in a continuous manner, it may be carried out in two steps.
- the first step is the initiation of the hydrolysis-condensation of the alkoxide, acetylacetonate or acetate at a pH of 3 - 4. This forms a proto-colloidal solution.
- the condensation is stopped and a hydrolysis-polymerization step is carried out by lowering the pH below
- the polymerization and the condensation cannot be separated, and occur simultaneously.
- the equilibrium of the kinetics of the process is displaced and controlled by the pH modification.
- a polymeric silica - colloidal silica coating solution by hydrolyzing an adequate alkoxide, acetylacetonate or acetate with a large amount of acid catalyst.
- the molar ratio of acid catalyst to silicon « carrier » is higher than 0.8 and lower than 1.5.
- the hydrolysis is performed in the presence of an excess of water.
- the molar ratio of water with the silicon « carrier » is higher than 4 and lower than 36, preferentially between 5 and 8.
- the color of the anti-reflecting coating of the invention is linked to its thickness. Furthermore, it is possible to easily obtain a gold or blue color by adjusting the speed of coating deposition (with slow deposition speeds a rather gold color is obtained ; with faster deposition speeds, the color evolves towards blue).
- a glass substrate available from Corning under the Code D0035 and having a refractive index of 1.7 was coated in the manner according to the method of the invention (see Examples 1 and 2 as well as Figure 1 in annex).
- the coated articles of the invention may be submitted to different tests. Viz : - in order to test their resistance to stain, they were smeared with lipstick, or with ink by means of a felt-tip pen for example, and they were then cleaned with ethanol or acetone ;
- coated and non-coated samples were tested together in two different abrasion tests.
- a tumbling test samples were introduced into a tumbling barrel with an abrasive mixture and tumbled for a total time of two hours.
- Optical transmission measurements on both coated and non-coated samples were made every thirty minutes.
- a second test known as the Taber test, samples were placed on a turntable and subjected to rotating abrasive wheels. The percent haze of each abraded sample was checked optically after 10, 50 and 100 revolutions.
- Figure 1 is a graphical illustration in which wavelength in nanometers is plotted on the horizontal axis and percent transmission is plotted on the vertical axis.
- Curve A is based on measurements made on the non-coated glass (D0035).
- Curve B is based on measurements made in the same manner on the glass after application of the coating of the invention (Example 1).
- Figure 2 is a graphical illustration similar to that of Figure 1. It is based on measurements made on a film formed on a glass having a refractive index of 1.6
- Curve C in Figure 2 is based on measurements made on the non-coated glass.
- Curve D is based on measurements effected in the same manner on said glass after application of a coating of the invention (Example 3) .
- the present invention is illustrated in a more specific manner by the following non-limiting Examples.
- Example 1 11.35 ml of an alkoxysilane Si(OCH3)4, is mixed with 33.3 ml of ethyl alcohol over a period of 10 minutes to obtain a homogeneous mixture.
- the resulting solution is placed in an oven at 60 °C for a period of 3 weeks to age.
- the material may now be stored or immediately used for coating purposes.
- a D0035 glass substrate from Corning having a refractive index of 1.7 and a thickness of 2 mm is cleaned and a film is deposited, by immersion, on the substrate, from the coating solution such as described above.
- the substrate is withdrawn from the solution at the speed of about 8 cm/min. Then, the coated substrate is dried at 60 °C by infrared heating. After drying, the coated substrate is placed in a pre- heated oven for 20 minutes at a temperature of about 4 )°C. Then, the coated substrate is removed from the oven and cooled to ambient temperature.
- the thus coated substrate was then subjected to a series of standard tests for chemical and mechanical characterization.
- the following results are, in the tests of resistance: to boiling water and to adhesive tapes, for 3 hours : no surface modification (no lifting, no cracking or delamination) ; to organic solvents, alcohol and acetone : no surface modification ;
- Example 2 The method of Example 1 was repeated using 127 ml of ethanol and 17 ml of an alkoxysilane Si(OC2H5)4. The same optical, chemical and mechanical tests were performed on the coated substrates with essentially the same results.
- Example 1 The method of Example 1 was repeated with two variations : the substrate was glass C0041TC from Corning having a refractive index of 1.6 and a thickness of 2 mm, the coating solution was aged for 90 days.
- Example 1 The same chemical and mechanical tests were performed with essentially the same results as Example 1.
- the optical transmission spectra for the coated and non- coated glass are shown in Figure 2 of the drawings.
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Optical Elements (AREA)
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- Coating Of Shaped Articles Made Of Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9704392A FR2762097B1 (en) | 1997-04-10 | 1997-04-10 | OPTICAL DEVICE WITH ANTI-REFLECTIVE COATING, COATING MATERIAL AND COATING METHOD THEREOF |
FR9704392 | 1997-04-10 | ||
US5398697P | 1997-07-28 | 1997-07-28 | |
US53986P | 1997-07-28 | ||
PCT/US1998/006234 WO1998045113A1 (en) | 1997-04-10 | 1998-03-30 | Optical article with anti-reflecting coating, corresponding coating material and coating method |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0973639A1 true EP0973639A1 (en) | 2000-01-26 |
EP0973639A4 EP0973639A4 (en) | 2000-07-19 |
Family
ID=26233460
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98913284A Withdrawn EP0973639A4 (en) | 1997-04-10 | 1998-03-30 | Optical article with anti-reflecting coating, corresponding coating material and coating method |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0973639A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2001526798A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1255889A (en) |
AR (1) | AR012580A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9808632A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2285944A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998045113A1 (en) |
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EP0974560B2 (en) * | 1997-12-09 | 2015-12-30 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. | Antireflection glass plate, process for producing the same, and antireflection coating composition |
DE50210518D1 (en) * | 2001-09-21 | 2007-08-30 | Merck Patent Gmbh | NOVEL HYBRID SOL FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ABRASIVE SIO 2 ANTIREFLEX LAYERS |
US6838494B2 (en) * | 2002-12-30 | 2005-01-04 | Ferro Corporation | Light reflecting polymeric compositions |
FR2856397B1 (en) * | 2003-06-19 | 2005-09-16 | Electricite De France | PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF OXIDE LAYERS OF METALLIC ELEMENTS |
JP4182236B2 (en) * | 2004-02-23 | 2008-11-19 | キヤノン株式会社 | Optical member and optical member manufacturing method |
US7291386B2 (en) * | 2004-08-26 | 2007-11-06 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Antiglare coating and articles |
US7294405B2 (en) | 2004-08-26 | 2007-11-13 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Antiglare coating and articles |
DE102004050371A1 (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2006-04-13 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Optoelectronic component with a wireless contact |
DE102005020168A1 (en) * | 2005-04-28 | 2006-11-02 | Schott Ag | Coating glass or ceramic substrate with anti-reflective layer using sol-gel process, employs e.g. silicon-aluminum mixed oxide with adsorbed hydrophobe present in sol-gel binder |
US7572512B2 (en) | 2006-03-02 | 2009-08-11 | University Of Central Florida Research Foundation | Sol-Gel composite AR coating for IR applications |
JP2009080434A (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2009-04-16 | Ricoh Opt Ind Co Ltd | Method of manufacturing optical element and optical element |
FR2936321B1 (en) * | 2008-09-23 | 2011-05-27 | Polyrise | ANTI-REFLECTION COATINGS COMPRISING DISPERSED OBJECTS HAVING TWO SEPARATE FIELDS HAVING SEPARATE REFRACTIVE INDICES. |
DE102008056792B4 (en) * | 2008-11-11 | 2018-06-28 | Schott Ag | Method for applying a porous self-cleaning anti-reflection coating and glass with this anti-reflection coating and use of a self-cleaning porous anti-reflection coating |
CN101967041B (en) * | 2009-06-08 | 2013-02-13 | 上海福莱特玻璃有限公司 | Anti-reflection high-transmittance coated solar super-white embossed glass and manufacturing method thereof |
US8864898B2 (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2014-10-21 | Honeywell International Inc. | Coating formulations for optical elements |
CN102693040B (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2016-08-10 | 宸鸿科技(厦门)有限公司 | A kind of high abrasion vertigo touch screen and preparation method thereof |
EP2925696B1 (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2021-07-07 | Corning Incorporated | Reduced reflection glass articles and methods for making and using same |
DE102013010105A1 (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2014-12-18 | Ferro Gmbh | A process for the preparation of an aqueous composition comprising a condensate based on silicon compounds for the production of antireflection coatings |
EP3312662B1 (en) | 2016-10-21 | 2019-07-17 | Carl Zeiss Vision International GmbH | Brillenglas und verfahren zu dessen herstellung |
CN107248422B (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2019-05-21 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of flexible and transparent conductive electrode and preparation method thereof based on polyimide substrate |
EP3495127A1 (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2019-06-12 | Essilor International | Method for additively manufacturing an opthalmic lens and opthalmic lens |
CA3092479A1 (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2019-10-24 | Guardian Glass, LLC | Antiscratch and antiwear glass |
EP3561576A1 (en) | 2018-04-24 | 2019-10-30 | Carl Zeiss Vision International GmbH | Spectacle lens comprising at least one ultrathin piece of glass and method for producing the same |
CN108676388B (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2020-11-03 | 浙江福莱新材料股份有限公司 | Anti-reflection coating for cold-mounted film and preparation method thereof |
CN116082955A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2023-05-09 | 西安立远新材料科技开发有限公司 | Organic glass wear-resistant transparent film material for aircraft and preparation method thereof |
CN116376371A (en) * | 2023-04-11 | 2023-07-04 | 北京恒昕智达科技有限公司 | Wear-resistant paint and preparation method thereof |
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- 1998-03-30 WO PCT/US1998/006234 patent/WO1998045113A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-03-30 EP EP98913284A patent/EP0973639A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-03-30 JP JP54283698A patent/JP2001526798A/en active Pending
- 1998-03-30 BR BR9808632-4A patent/BR9808632A/en unknown
- 1998-03-30 CA CA002285944A patent/CA2285944A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-03-30 CN CN98804014.XA patent/CN1255889A/en active Pending
- 1998-04-08 AR ARP980101653A patent/AR012580A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR9808632A (en) | 2000-05-16 |
EP0973639A4 (en) | 2000-07-19 |
JP2001526798A (en) | 2001-12-18 |
WO1998045113A1 (en) | 1998-10-15 |
CA2285944A1 (en) | 1998-10-15 |
CN1255889A (en) | 2000-06-07 |
AR012580A1 (en) | 2000-11-08 |
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