EP0959517A1 - Low loss duplexer without adjustment - Google Patents

Low loss duplexer without adjustment Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0959517A1
EP0959517A1 EP98460013A EP98460013A EP0959517A1 EP 0959517 A1 EP0959517 A1 EP 0959517A1 EP 98460013 A EP98460013 A EP 98460013A EP 98460013 A EP98460013 A EP 98460013A EP 0959517 A1 EP0959517 A1 EP 0959517A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
duplexer
tunnels
microwave signals
signals according
cover
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP98460013A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Alain Nguyen
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TRT Lucent Technologies SA
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TRT Lucent Technologies SA
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Publication date
Application filed by TRT Lucent Technologies SA filed Critical TRT Lucent Technologies SA
Priority to EP98460013A priority Critical patent/EP0959517A1/en
Priority to EP99303288A priority patent/EP0959519A1/en
Priority to JP11136596A priority patent/JP2000013110A/en
Priority to US09/313,589 priority patent/US6191670B1/en
Publication of EP0959517A1 publication Critical patent/EP0959517A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/213—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters combining or separating two or more different frequencies
    • H01P1/2138—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters combining or separating two or more different frequencies using hollow waveguide filters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a duplexer for microwave signals.
  • Duplexers are usually devices found at the end of the chain in equipment radio, that is to say at the antenna level, and intended to separate the signals transmitted and the signals received by the antenna.
  • a duplexer conventionally includes two bandpass filters, one of which is responsible for filtering the signals transmitted, the other the signals received.
  • a bandpass filter for signals microwave consists of a tunnel with a succession of compartments communicating with each other by longitudinal passage, dimensions and number compartments depending on the size and center frequency of the filter bandwidth.
  • a duplexer for microwave signals therefore comprises usually two such tunnels connected respectively by one end to the transmission part and at the receiving end of the radio equipment, and opening jointly at the other end of the side antenna.
  • the equipment is generally equipped with a low-pass filter interposed between the duplexer and the antenna.
  • the existing duplexers are generally made in a material very stable in temperature, for example, invar, an alloy of iron and nickel having a coefficient practically zero thermal expansion.
  • invar an alloy of iron and nickel having a coefficient practically zero thermal expansion.
  • this type of material turns out to be very expensive and very difficult to machine.
  • the manufacture of duplexers generally involves building tunnels from invar plates and to weld partitions transverse so as to obtain compartments in the tunnels.
  • duplexers are then systematically fitted with a screw adjustment system to obtain the filtering and transmission characteristics of desired signal.
  • Tapped holes are provided in the upper wall of the tunnels to receive screws adjustment.
  • a screw is provided adjustment by compartment and another screw at level partitions of each compartment in the passage longitudinal. The adjustment operation then consists of adjust the part of the screw protruding into the compartment or in the longitudinal passage. This operation turns out to be very complex and very long.
  • the present invention aims to overcome these disadvantages of the previous state of technique by proposing a duplexer that does not require screw adjustment system for frequencies usual.
  • the block and the cover are of preferably aluminum.
  • Aluminum is indeed more easier to machine than Invar.
  • This material being less stable in temperature than invar, just provide a little bandwidth wider to compensate for temperature drifts in the material and increase the slope on the sides of the filter bandwidth to obtain rejection in close band wanted.
  • connection surface of the cover is covered with a uniform layer of a brazing alloy for uniform adhesion on all of the surfaces in contact with said block monolithic and said cover after welding.
  • the surfaces inside said tunnels of said monolithic block are preferably subjected to a surface treatment to guarantee a good signal transmission in said tunnels.
  • Said surface treatment may consist, for example example, by adding a layer of silver superficial.
  • the common part through which said tunnels open on the first opening has a Y shape and the sides exteriors of its branches are concave.
  • Figures 1 and 2 illustrate more particularly a duplexer covering the band of frequencies 12.875 GHz - 13 GHz for transmission, and 13.125 GHz - 13.25 GHz for reception.
  • this type of duplexer can be used for other frequency bands in the field of microwave. It would then suffice to modify the compartment and passage characteristics longitudinal of the tunnels as well as the number of compartments.
  • each duplexer comprises of share a monolithic block in which are dug two tunnels and a common part performing the junction between the two tunnels, and on the other hand a cover to close said block above.
  • FIG. 1 For reasons of clarity, the duplexer of the Figure 1 is shown without its cover. In consequently, only a monolithic block 1 is shown in Figure 1.
  • This block is a parallelepiped with six planar rectangular faces.
  • the material used to make the block is a base alloy aluminum. This material is for example the alloy of which AFNOR designation is 2618 A. This alloy is particularly easy to machine and has a coefficient of thermal expansion relatively low.
  • Two parallel tunnels 2 and 3 are dug in the flat upper surface of the monolithic block. These two tunnels lead jointly to a first end on an orifice 4 via a common part 5 in the shape of a Y. Port 4 is located on the antenna side.
  • Tunnels 2 and 3 have a succession of compartments 6 delimited by partitions transverse 7 two by two opposite one another and other of a longitudinal passage, referenced 8 for the tunnel 2 and 9 for tunnel 3.
  • Parameters dimensions inside tunnels 2 and 3 determine the functional characteristics of two duplexer filters, i.e. transmission and adaptation weakening of filters in the bandwidth and their rejection in close band.
  • the thickness of the partitions 7, the longitudinal and transverse dimensions of compartments 6 and the width of the passages longitudinal 8 and 9 fix precisely these characteristics.
  • the screw adjustment system the prior art is then superfluous; at least in the usual frequency range.
  • the compartments 6, the longitudinal passages 8 and 9 and the common part 5 are achievable by the milling technique that offers a degree of precision totally satisfactory (around +/- 15 microns) for the intended applications. A strawberry of 2 millimeters of radius is then sufficient to obtain the desired precision.
  • the longitudinal dimension of the compartments and the width of the longitudinal passages are defined with an accuracy of +/- 15 microns. The other dimensions are defined with lower precision, from around +/- 20 microns.
  • the interior walls of tunnels 2 and 3 are advantageously treated on the surface to guarantee good signal transmission.
  • This treatment consists for example by adding a surface layer silver. This layer also serves to protect the block of possible oxidation. She is preferably extended to the whole block.
  • the part common 5 is Y-shaped.
  • the outer sides of the branches du Y have concavities.
  • the concavities shown in Figures 1 and 2 are dihedral.
  • a common part could be provided in form of T.
  • the monolithic block 1 comprises, upstream of tunnels 2 and 3, orthogonal elbows with steps 10 and 11 used to change direction at 90 degrees.
  • Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the block monolithic of Figure 1, said block being closed above by a flat cover 12 shown partially.
  • This aluminum cover is intended for adhere evenly over the entire surface upper plane of the monolithic block 1.
  • the assembly of block 1 and of cover 12 is effected by brazing.
  • the connection surface of the cover 12 is covered with a uniform layer of an alloy of solder to a thickness of 20 micrometers.
  • This brazing alloy preferably consists of 60% tin and 40% lead.
  • the adhesion between surfaces in contact with block 1 and cover 12 is obtained by welding by heating the assembly.
  • Layer alloy covering the cover serves both filler metal for brazing and coating cover protection.
  • the block monolithic 1 has prepositioning pads 13 as well as tapped holes 14 so as to facilitate positioning of the cover 12 relative in block 1 and tackle these one against the other by means of screws.
  • windows 15 and 16 are dug through cover 12 to form the 90 ° outlet elbows 10 and 11.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show the results obtained during tests on a prototype corresponding to a duplexer as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, that is to say covering the frequency band 12.875 GHz - 13 GHz in transmission, and 13.125 GHz - 13.25 GHz reception.
  • the parameters S 21 and s 11 illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4 respectively represent the transmission losses and the adaptation loss of the duplexer of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows the value of the parameters S 21 and S 11 on the transmission band of the duplexer and
  • FIG. 4 shows the value of these parameters on the reception band.
  • an alternative embodiment might consider covering the frequency band 12.875 GHz - 13 GHz (transmission), and 13.125 GHz - 13.25 GHz (reception) using two duplexers and thus having, for each duplexer, a band half a transmit band and a receive band large. This would reduce the constraints on design time of the duplexer, especially the near-band rejection would not need to be as strong, however it would have the disadvantage of multiply the number of equipment by two.

Abstract

The side passage inlets (6) have side walls (7) which have a dimension thickness and cross dimension (8,9) determining the filter functional characteristics.

Description

La présente invention concerne un duplexeur pour signaux hyperfréquence.The present invention relates to a duplexer for microwave signals.

Les duplexeurs sont habituellement des dispositifs que l'on trouve en bout de chaíne dans les équipements radio, c'est-à-dire au niveau de l'antenne, et destinés à séparer les signaux émis et les signaux reçus par l'antenne. Un duplexeur comprend de manière classique deux filtres passe-bande, l'un étant chargé de filtrer les signaux émis, l'autre les signaux reçus.Duplexers are usually devices found at the end of the chain in equipment radio, that is to say at the antenna level, and intended to separate the signals transmitted and the signals received by the antenna. A duplexer conventionally includes two bandpass filters, one of which is responsible for filtering the signals transmitted, the other the signals received.

Classiquement, un filtre passe-bande pour signaux hyperfréquence, consistent en un tunnel comportant une succession de compartiments communiquant entre eux par un passage longitudinal, les dimensions et le nombre des compartiments étant fonction de la taille et de la fréquence centrale de la bande passante du filtre. Un duplexeur pour signaux hyperfréquence comporte donc généralement deux tunnels de ce type reliés respectivement par une extrémité à la partie émission et à la partie réception de l'équipement radio, et débouchant conjointement à l'autre extrémité du coté antenne.Conventionally, a bandpass filter for signals microwave, consists of a tunnel with a succession of compartments communicating with each other by longitudinal passage, dimensions and number compartments depending on the size and center frequency of the filter bandwidth. A duplexer for microwave signals therefore comprises usually two such tunnels connected respectively by one end to the transmission part and at the receiving end of the radio equipment, and opening jointly at the other end of the side antenna.

Ces filtres passe-bande sont conçus pour satisfaire aux conditions suivantes:

  • une bonne tenue en température sur toute la gamme;
  • une faible perte en transmission et un affaiblissement d'adaptation (communément appelé "return loss" en langage technique) élevé dans la bande passante; et
  • une forte réjection en bande proche.
These bandpass filters are designed to meet the following conditions:
  • good temperature resistance over the entire range;
  • a low loss in transmission and a weakening of adaptation (commonly called "return loss" in technical language) high in the bandwidth; and
  • strong rejection in the near band.

S'agissant de la réjection des fréquences plus élevées, en particulier pour la suppression des harmoniques du signal filtré, l'équipement est généralement doté d'un filtre passe-bas intercalé entre le duplexeur et l'antenne.Regarding the rejection of higher frequencies particularly for the removal of harmonics of the filtered signal, the equipment is generally equipped with a low-pass filter interposed between the duplexer and the antenna.

Pour satisfaire à la première condition, les duplexeurs existants sont généralement réalisés dans un matériau très stable en température, par exemple, en invar, alliage de fer et de nickel ayant un coefficient de dilatation thermique pratiquement nul. Cependant, ce type de matériau se révèle être très coûteux et très difficile à usiner. Aussi, la fabrication des duplexeurs consiste généralement à réaliser des tunnels à partir de plaques d'invar et à y souder des cloisons transversales de façon à obtenir des compartiments dans les tunnels.To satisfy the first condition, the existing duplexers are generally made in a material very stable in temperature, for example, invar, an alloy of iron and nickel having a coefficient practically zero thermal expansion. However, this type of material turns out to be very expensive and very difficult to machine. Also, the manufacture of duplexers generally involves building tunnels from invar plates and to weld partitions transverse so as to obtain compartments in the tunnels.

Ces duplexeurs sont ensuite de façon systématique munis d'un système de réglage par vis pour obtenir les caractéristiques de filtrage et de transmission de signal souhaitées. Des trous taraudés sont ménagés dans la paroi supérieure des tunnels pour recevoir des vis de réglage. D'une manière générale, on prévoit une vis de réglage par compartiment et une autre vis au niveau des cloisons de chaque compartiment dans le passage longitudinal. L'opération de réglage consiste alors à régler la partie de la vis faisant saillie dans le compartiment ou dans le passage longitudinal. Cette opération se révèle être très complexe et très longue.These duplexers are then systematically fitted with a screw adjustment system to obtain the filtering and transmission characteristics of desired signal. Tapped holes are provided in the upper wall of the tunnels to receive screws adjustment. Generally, a screw is provided adjustment by compartment and another screw at level partitions of each compartment in the passage longitudinal. The adjustment operation then consists of adjust the part of the screw protruding into the compartment or in the longitudinal passage. This operation turns out to be very complex and very long.

En conséquence, la présente invention vise à pallier ces inconvénients de l'état antérieur de la technique en proposant un duplexeur ne nécessitant pas de système de réglage par vis pour les fréquences usuelles. Consequently, the present invention aims to overcome these disadvantages of the previous state of technique by proposing a duplexer that does not require screw adjustment system for frequencies usual.

En effet, la présente invention a pour objet un duplexeur pour signaux hyperfréquence comprenant deux filtres passe-bande destinés à traiter respectivement et simultanément des signaux entrants et des signaux sortants, lesquels filtres consistent en deux tunnels débouchant conjointement à une extrémité par une partie commune sur un premier orifice et indépendamment à l'autre extrémité par des deuxième et troisième orifices, lesdits tunnels comportant chacun un passage longitudinal et des compartiments délimités par des cloisons transversales,

  • caractérisé en ce que lesdits compartiments, lesdits passages longitudinaux et ladite partie commune sont creusés dans la surface supérieure plane d'un bloc monolithique, lesdits tunnels étant fermés supérieurement du premier orifice jusqu'aux deuxième et troisième orifices par un couvercle adhérant de façon uniforme à ladite surface plane,
  • les caractéristiques fonctionnelles des deux filtres étant déterminées par des paramètres dimensionnels à l'intérieur desdits tunnels, dont l'épaisseur de chaque cloison, les dimensions longitudinale et transversale de chaque compartiment et la largeur de chaque passage longitudinal.
    • In fact, the subject of the present invention is a duplexer for microwave signals comprising two bandpass filters intended to process incoming and outgoing signals respectively and simultaneously, which filters consist of two tunnels opening out jointly at one end through a common part on a first orifice and independently at the other end by second and third orifices, said tunnels each comprising a longitudinal passage and compartments delimited by transverse partitions,
  • characterized in that said compartments, said longitudinal passages and said common part are hollowed out in the flat upper surface of a monolithic block, said tunnels being closed from the first orifice to the second and third orifices by a cover adhering uniformly to said flat surface,
  • the functional characteristics of the two filters being determined by dimensional parameters inside said tunnels, including the thickness of each partition, the longitudinal and transverse dimensions of each compartment and the width of each longitudinal passage.

    • Pour que les compartiments, les passages longitudinaux et la partie commune du duplexeur puissent être creusés de manière précise dans le bloc monolithique, le bloc et le couvercle sont de préférence en aluminium. L'aluminium est en effet plus facile à usiner que l'Invar.So that the compartments, the passages longitudinal and the common part of the duplexer can be precisely dug into the block monolithic, the block and the cover are of preferably aluminum. Aluminum is indeed more easier to machine than Invar.

    Ce matériau étant moins stable en température que l'invar, il suffit de prévoir une bande passante un peu plus large pour compenser les dérives en température du matériau et d'augmenter la pente sur les flancs de la bande passante des filtres pour obtenir la réjection en bande proche voulue.This material being less stable in temperature than invar, just provide a little bandwidth wider to compensate for temperature drifts in the material and increase the slope on the sides of the filter bandwidth to obtain rejection in close band wanted.

    Avantageusement, la surface de raccordement du couvercle est recouverte d'une couche uniforme d'un alliage de brasure pour obtenir une adhérence uniforme sur l'ensemble des surfaces en contact dudit bloc monolithique et dudit couvercle après soudure.Advantageously, the connection surface of the cover is covered with a uniform layer of a brazing alloy for uniform adhesion on all of the surfaces in contact with said block monolithic and said cover after welding.

    Par ailleurs, les surfaces à l'intérieur desdits tunnels dudit bloc monolithique sont de préférence soumises à un traitement en surface pour garantir une bonne transmission des signaux dans lesdits tunnels. Ledit traitement en surface peut consister, par exemple, en l'apport d'une couche d'argent superficielle.Furthermore, the surfaces inside said tunnels of said monolithic block are preferably subjected to a surface treatment to guarantee a good signal transmission in said tunnels. Said surface treatment may consist, for example example, by adding a layer of silver superficial.

    Enfin, selon un mode réalisation préféré, la partie commune par laquelle lesdits tunnels débouchent sur le premier orifice a une forme en Y et les cotés extérieurs de ses branches sont concaves.Finally, according to a preferred embodiment, the common part through which said tunnels open on the first opening has a Y shape and the sides exteriors of its branches are concave.

    D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaítront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit et qui est faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

    • la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un bloc monolithique d'un duplexeur selon l'invention;
    • la figure 2 est une vue en perspective du bloc monolithique de la figure 1 partiellement recouvert par un couvercle; et
    • les figures 3 et 4 représentent les courbes de résultats du duplexeur des figures 1 et 2.
    Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows and which is given with reference to the appended drawings in which:
    • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a monolithic block of a duplexer according to the invention;
    • Figure 2 is a perspective view of the monolithic block of Figure 1 partially covered by a cover; and
    • FIGS. 3 and 4 represent the results curves of the duplexer of FIGS. 1 and 2.

    Les figures 1 et 2 illustrent plus particulièrement un duplexeur couvrant la bande de fréquences 12,875 GHz - 13 GHz pour l'émission, et 13,125 GHz - 13,25 GHz pour la réception. Bien entendu, ce type de duplexeur peut être utilisé pour d'autres bandes de fréquences dans le domaine des hyperfréquences. Il suffirait alors de modifier les caractéristiques des compartiments et du passage longitudinal des tunnels ainsi que le nombre de compartiments.Figures 1 and 2 illustrate more particularly a duplexer covering the band of frequencies 12.875 GHz - 13 GHz for transmission, and 13.125 GHz - 13.25 GHz for reception. Of course, this type of duplexer can be used for other frequency bands in the field of microwave. It would then suffice to modify the compartment and passage characteristics longitudinal of the tunnels as well as the number of compartments.

    Selon l'invention, chaque duplexeur comprend d'une part un bloc monolithique dans lequel sont creusés deux tunnels et une partie commune effectuant la jonction entre les deux tunnels, et d'autre part un couvercle pour fermer supérieurement ledit bloc.According to the invention, each duplexer comprises of share a monolithic block in which are dug two tunnels and a common part performing the junction between the two tunnels, and on the other hand a cover to close said block above.

    Pour des raisons de clarté, le duplexeur de la figure 1 est représenté sans son couvercle. En conséquence, seul un bloc monolithique 1 est représenté sur la figure 1. Ce bloc est un parallélépipède comportant six faces rectangles planes. Le matériau utilisé pour fabriquer le bloc est un alliage à base d'aluminium. Ce matériau est par exemple l'alliage dont la désignation AFNOR est 2618 A. Cet alliage est particulièrement facile à usiner et possède un coefficient de dilatation thermique relativement faible.For reasons of clarity, the duplexer of the Figure 1 is shown without its cover. In consequently, only a monolithic block 1 is shown in Figure 1. This block is a parallelepiped with six planar rectangular faces. The material used to make the block is a base alloy aluminum. This material is for example the alloy of which AFNOR designation is 2618 A. This alloy is particularly easy to machine and has a coefficient of thermal expansion relatively low.

    Deux tunnels parallèles 2 et 3 sont creusés dans la surface supérieure plane du bloc monolithique. Ces deux tunnels débouchent conjointement à une première extrémité sur un orifice 4 par l'intermédiaire d'une partie commune 5 en forme de Y. L'orifice 4 est situé du coté antenne.Two parallel tunnels 2 and 3 are dug in the flat upper surface of the monolithic block. These two tunnels lead jointly to a first end on an orifice 4 via a common part 5 in the shape of a Y. Port 4 is located on the antenna side.

    Les tunnels 2 et 3 comportent une succession de compartiments 6 délimités par des cloisons transversales 7 deux à deux en vis-à-vis de part et d'autre d'un passage longitudinal, référencé 8 pour le tunnel 2 et 9 pour le tunnel 3. Les paramètres dimensionnels à l'intérieur des tunnels 2 et 3 déterminent les caractéristiques fonctionnelles des deux filtres du duplexeur, à savoir les pertes en transmission et l'affaiblissement d'adaptation des filtres dans la bande passante et leur réjection en bande proche. L'épaisseur des cloisons 7, les dimensions longitudinale et transversale des compartiments 6 et la largeur des passages longitudinaux 8 et 9 fixent de manière précise ces caractéristiques. Le système de réglage par vis de l'état antérieur de la technique est alors superflu; tout au moins dans la plage des fréquences usuelles.Tunnels 2 and 3 have a succession of compartments 6 delimited by partitions transverse 7 two by two opposite one another and other of a longitudinal passage, referenced 8 for the tunnel 2 and 9 for tunnel 3. Parameters dimensions inside tunnels 2 and 3 determine the functional characteristics of two duplexer filters, i.e. transmission and adaptation weakening of filters in the bandwidth and their rejection in close band. The thickness of the partitions 7, the longitudinal and transverse dimensions of compartments 6 and the width of the passages longitudinal 8 and 9 fix precisely these characteristics. The screw adjustment system the prior art is then superfluous; at least in the usual frequency range.

    Les compartiments 6, les passages longitudinaux 8 et 9 et la partie commune 5 sont réalisables par la technique du fraisage qui offre un degré de précision totalement satisfaisant (de l'ordre de +/- 15 microns) pour les applications visées. Une fraise de 2 millimètres de rayon est alors suffisante pour obtenir la précision voulue. Dans l'exemple des figures 1 et 2, la dimension longitudinale des compartiments et la largeur des passages longitudinaux sont définies avec une précision de +/- 15 microns. Les autres dimensions sont définies avec une précision plus faible, de l'ordre de +/- 20 microns.The compartments 6, the longitudinal passages 8 and 9 and the common part 5 are achievable by the milling technique that offers a degree of precision totally satisfactory (around +/- 15 microns) for the intended applications. A strawberry of 2 millimeters of radius is then sufficient to obtain the desired precision. In the example of Figures 1 and 2, the longitudinal dimension of the compartments and the width of the longitudinal passages are defined with an accuracy of +/- 15 microns. The other dimensions are defined with lower precision, from around +/- 20 microns.

    Les parois intérieures des tunnels 2 et 3 sont avantageusement traitées en surface pour garantir une bonne transmission des signaux. Ce traitement consiste par exemple en l'apport d'une couche superficielle d'argent. Cette couche sert également à protéger le bloc d'une oxydation éventuelle. Elle est de préférence étendue à tout le bloc. The interior walls of tunnels 2 and 3 are advantageously treated on the surface to guarantee good signal transmission. This treatment consists for example by adding a surface layer silver. This layer also serves to protect the block of possible oxidation. She is preferably extended to the whole block.

    Comme illustrée aux figures 1 et 2, la partie commune 5 est en forme de Y. Pour des raisons de gain de place notamment, les cotés extérieurs des branches du Y présentent des concavités. Les concavités représentées sur les figures 1 et 2 sont des dièdres. En variante, on pourrait prévoir une partie commune en forme de T. Selon une autre forme de réalisation, on pourrait également prévoir de faire converger les tunnels 2 et 3 vers l'orifice commun 4 en les disposant en V.As illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, the part common 5 is Y-shaped. For reasons of gain space especially, the outer sides of the branches du Y have concavities. The concavities shown in Figures 1 and 2 are dihedral. Alternatively, a common part could be provided in form of T. According to another embodiment, one could also plan to converge the tunnels 2 and 3 towards common orifice 4 by arranging them in V.

    Dans la forme de réalisation présentée aux figures 1 et 2, le bloc monolithique 1 comporte, en amont des tunnels 2 et 3, des coudes orthogonaux à marches 10 et 11 servant à effectuer un changement de direction à 90 degrés.In the embodiment shown in the figures 1 and 2, the monolithic block 1 comprises, upstream of tunnels 2 and 3, orthogonal elbows with steps 10 and 11 used to change direction at 90 degrees.

    La figure 2 montre une vue en perspective du bloc monolithique de la figure 1, ledit bloc étant fermé supérieurement par un couvercle 12 plat représenté partiellement. Ce couvercle en aluminium est prévu pour adhérer de manière uniforme sur toute le surface supérieure plane du bloc monolithique 1. L'assemblage du bloc 1 et du couvercle 12 est effectué par brasage. Pour ce faire, la surface de raccordement du couvercle 12 est recouverte d'une couche uniforme d'un alliage de brasure sur une épaisseur de 20 micromètres. Cet alliage de brasure est de préférence constitué de 60% d'étain et de 40% de plomb. L'adhérence entre les surfaces en contact du bloc 1 et du couvercle 12 est obtenu par soudure en chauffant l'ensemble. La couche d'alliage recouvrant le couvercle sert à la fois de métal d'apport pour le brasage et de couche de protection pour le couvercle. Avantageusement, le bloc monolithique 1 comporte des plots de prépositionnement 13 ainsi que des trous taraudés 14 de manière à faciliter le positionnement du couvercle 12 par rapport au bloc 1 et à plaquer ces derniers l'un contre l'autre au moyen de vis.Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the block monolithic of Figure 1, said block being closed above by a flat cover 12 shown partially. This aluminum cover is intended for adhere evenly over the entire surface upper plane of the monolithic block 1. The assembly of block 1 and of cover 12 is effected by brazing. To do this, the connection surface of the cover 12 is covered with a uniform layer of an alloy of solder to a thickness of 20 micrometers. This brazing alloy preferably consists of 60% tin and 40% lead. The adhesion between surfaces in contact with block 1 and cover 12 is obtained by welding by heating the assembly. Layer alloy covering the cover serves both filler metal for brazing and coating cover protection. Advantageously, the block monolithic 1 has prepositioning pads 13 as well as tapped holes 14 so as to facilitate positioning of the cover 12 relative in block 1 and tackle these one against the other by means of screws.

    Par ailleurs, des fenêtres 15 et 16 sont creusées à travers le couvercle 12 pour former la sortie à 90° des coudes 10 et 11.In addition, windows 15 and 16 are dug through cover 12 to form the 90 ° outlet elbows 10 and 11.

    Les figures 3 et 4 montrent les résultats obtenus lors d'essais sur un prototype correspondant à un duplexeur tel que représenté aux figures 1 et 2, c'est-à-dire couvrant la bande de fréquences 12,875 GHz - 13 GHz en émission, et 13,125 GHz - 13,25 GHz en réception. Les paramètres S21 et s11 illustrés figures 3 et 4 représentent respectivement les pertes en transmission et l'affaiblissement d'adaptation du duplexeur de l'invention. La figure 3 montre la valeur des paramètres S21 et S11 sur la bande d'émission du duplexeur et la figure 4 montre la valeur de ces paramètres sur la bande de réception.FIGS. 3 and 4 show the results obtained during tests on a prototype corresponding to a duplexer as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, that is to say covering the frequency band 12.875 GHz - 13 GHz in transmission, and 13.125 GHz - 13.25 GHz reception. The parameters S 21 and s 11 illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4 respectively represent the transmission losses and the adaptation loss of the duplexer of the invention. FIG. 3 shows the value of the parameters S 21 and S 11 on the transmission band of the duplexer and FIG. 4 shows the value of these parameters on the reception band.

    La dérive en fréquence de la bande passante des filtres du duplexeur sur l'ensemble de la gamme des températures n'excèdant pas 15 MHz autour de la réponse en fréquence à une température de 25° C, la bande passante des filtres du duplexeur a été élargie de 30 MHz pour faire face à cette dérive, c'est-à-dire que la bande de fréquences couverte par le duplexeur à une température de 25°C est prise égale à 12,860 GHz - 13,015 GHz pour l'émission, et à 13,110 GHz - 13,265 GHz pour la réception.The frequency drift of the bandwidth of duplexer filters across the entire range of temperatures not exceeding 15 MHz around the response in frequency at a temperature of 25 ° C, the band duplexer filter bandwidth has been increased by 30 MHz to deal with this drift, that is to say that the frequency band covered by the duplexer at one temperature of 25 ° C is taken equal to 12.860 GHz - 13,015 GHz for transmission, and at 13,110 GHz - 13,265 GHz for reception.

    Les courbes de mesure montrent que :

  • a) les pertes en transmission (paramètre S21) sont toujours inférieures à 1 décibel;
  • b) l'affaiblissement d'adaptation (paramètre S11) est toujours supérieur à 17 décibels;
  • c) en superposant les courbes, on constate que la réjection en bande proche est supérieure à 56 décibels;
    • The measurement curves show that:
  • a) the transmission losses (parameter S 21 ) are always less than 1 decibel;
  • b) the adaptation loss (parameter S 11 ) is always greater than 17 decibels;
  • c) by superimposing the curves, it can be seen that the rejection in the near band is greater than 56 decibels;

    • Selon un mode de réalisation en variante, on pourrait envisager de couvrir la bande de fréquences 12,875 GHz - 13 GHz (émission), et 13,125 GHz - 13,25 GHz (réception) en utilisant deux duplexeurs et en ayant ainsi, pour chaque duplexeur, une bande d'émission et une bande de réception moitié moins large. Cela permettrait de diminuer les contraintes au moment de la conception du duplexeur, en particulier la réjection en bande proche n'aurait pas besoin d'être aussi forte, cependant cela aurait l'inconvénient de multiplier le nombre d'équipements par deux.According to an alternative embodiment, might consider covering the frequency band 12.875 GHz - 13 GHz (transmission), and 13.125 GHz - 13.25 GHz (reception) using two duplexers and thus having, for each duplexer, a band half a transmit band and a receive band large. This would reduce the constraints on design time of the duplexer, especially the near-band rejection would not need to be as strong, however it would have the disadvantage of multiply the number of equipment by two.

    En conclusion et compte tenu de ce qui a été écrit précédemment, le duplexeur de l'invention présente les avantages suivants:

    • simplicité de fabrication induisant un faible coût de revient;
    • pas temps de réglage long et coûteux;
    • haut degré de reproductibilité pour permettre une production industrielle de masse;
    • performances électriques excellentes;
    In conclusion and taking into account what has been written previously, the duplexer of the invention has the following advantages:
    • simplicity of manufacture inducing a low cost price;
    • no long and costly adjustment time;
    • high degree of reproducibility to allow mass industrial production;
    • excellent electrical performance;

    Claims (8)

    Duplexeur pour signaux hyperfréquence comprenant deux filtres passe-bande destinés à traiter respectivement et simultanément des signaux entrants et des signaux sortants, lesquels filtres consistent en deux tunnels (2,3) débouchant conjointement à une extrémité par une partie commune (5) sur un premier orifice (4) et indépendamment à l'autre extrémité par des deuxième et troisième orifices (10,11), lesdits tunnels (2,3) comportant chacun un passage longitudinal (8,9) et des compartiments (6) délimités par des cloisons transversales (7), caractérisé en ce que lesdits compartiments (6), lesdits passages longitudinaux (8,9) et ladite partie commune (5) sont creusés dans la surface supérieure plane d'un bloc monolithique (1), lesdits tunnels (2,3) étant fermés supérieurement du premier orifice jusqu'aux deuxième et troisième orifices par un couvercle (12) adhérant de façon uniforme à ladite surface plane, les caractéristiques fonctionnelles des deux filtres étant déterminées par des paramètres dimensionnels à l'intérieur desdits tunnels, dont l'épaisseur de chaque cloison (7), les dimensions longitudinale et transversale de chaque compartiment (6) et la largeur de chaque passage longitudinal (8,9). Duplexer for microwave signals comprising two bandpass filters intended to process incoming and outgoing signals respectively and simultaneously, which filters consist of two tunnels (2,3) opening jointly at one end through a common part (5) on a first orifice (4) and independently at the other end by second and third orifices (10,11), said tunnels (2,3) each comprising a longitudinal passage (8,9) and compartments (6) delimited by partitions transverse (7), characterized in that said compartments (6), said longitudinal passages (8,9) and said common part (5) are hollowed out in the flat upper surface of a monolithic block (1), said tunnels (2,3) being closed superiorly from the first orifice to the second and third orifices by a cover (12) adhering uniformly to said flat surface, the functional characteristics of the two filters being determined by dimensional parameters inside said tunnels, including the thickness of each partition (7), the longitudinal and transverse dimensions of each compartment (6) and the width of each longitudinal passage (8 , 9). Duplexeur pour signaux hyperfréquence selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit bloc monolithique (1) et ledit couvercle (12) sont réalisés en aluminium, et en ce que la surface de raccordement dudit couvercle (12) est recouverte d'une couche uniforme d'un alliage de brasure pour obtenir une adhérence uniforme sur l'ensemble des surfaces en contact dudit bloc monolithique (1) et dudit couvercle (12) après soudure. Duplexer for microwave signals according to claim 1, characterized in that said monolithic block (1) and said cover (12) are made of aluminum, and in that the connection surface of said cover (12) is covered with a uniform layer of a brazing alloy to obtain uniform adhesion on all of the surfaces in contact with said monolithic block (1) and said cover (12 ) after welding. Duplexeur pour signaux hyperfréquence selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'alliage de brasure comprend 60% d'étain et 40% de plomb.Duplexer for microwave signals according to claim 2, characterized in that the alloy of solder includes 60% tin and 40% lead. Duplexeur pour signaux hyperfréquence selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins les surfaces à l'intérieur desdits tunnels (2,3) dudit bloc monolithique (1) sont soumises à un traitement en surface pour garantir une bonne transmission des signaux dans lesdits tunnels.Duplexer for microwave signals according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that at least the surfaces inside said tunnels (2,3) of said block monolithic (1) are subjected to a treatment in surface to guarantee good transmission of signals in said tunnels. Duplexeur pour signaux hyperfréquence selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que ledit traitement en surface consiste en l'apport d'une couche d'argent superficielle.Duplexer for microwave signals according to claim 4, characterized in that said treatment on the surface consists of the addition of a layer of silver superficial. Duplexeur pour signaux hyperfréquence selon l'une des revendication 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que ladite partie commune (5) par laquelle lesdits tunnels débouchent sur le premier orifice (4) a une forme en Y.Duplexer for microwave signals according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said common part (5) through which said tunnels lead to the first orifice (4) has a Y shape. Duplexeur pour signaux hyperfréquence selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les cotés extérieurs des branches de la partie commune (5) en Y sont concaves.Duplexer for microwave signals according to claim 6, characterized in that the sides exterior of the branches of the common part (5) in Y are concave. Duplexeur pour signaux hyperfréquence selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les concavités des bords extérieurs des branches de la partie commune (5) sont des dièdres.Duplexer for microwave signals according to claim 7, characterized in that the concavities of the outer edges of the branches of the common part (5) are dihedrons.
    EP98460013A 1998-05-18 1998-05-18 Low loss duplexer without adjustment Withdrawn EP0959517A1 (en)

    Priority Applications (4)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    EP98460013A EP0959517A1 (en) 1998-05-18 1998-05-18 Low loss duplexer without adjustment
    EP99303288A EP0959519A1 (en) 1998-05-18 1999-04-27 Low loss duplexer without setting
    JP11136596A JP2000013110A (en) 1998-05-18 1999-05-18 Low loss transmission/reception switch unable to execute setting
    US09/313,589 US6191670B1 (en) 1998-05-18 1999-05-18 Low-loss duplexer without settings

    Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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    EP98460013A EP0959517A1 (en) 1998-05-18 1998-05-18 Low loss duplexer without adjustment

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    EP0959517A1 true EP0959517A1 (en) 1999-11-24

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    US6191670B1 (en) 2001-02-20

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