EP0956413B1 - Locking device - Google Patents

Locking device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0956413B1
EP0956413B1 EP97945712A EP97945712A EP0956413B1 EP 0956413 B1 EP0956413 B1 EP 0956413B1 EP 97945712 A EP97945712 A EP 97945712A EP 97945712 A EP97945712 A EP 97945712A EP 0956413 B1 EP0956413 B1 EP 0956413B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electronically controlled
locking device
inhibiting element
rotor
controlled inhibiting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97945712A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0956413A1 (en
Inventor
Otto Küng
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dormakaba Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
Kaba Schliessysteme AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kaba Schliessysteme AG filed Critical Kaba Schliessysteme AG
Publication of EP0956413A1 publication Critical patent/EP0956413A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0956413B1 publication Critical patent/EP0956413B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/06Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/06Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents
    • E05B47/0611Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control
    • E05B47/0619Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control by blocking the rotor
    • E05B47/0626Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control by blocking the rotor radially
    • E05B47/063Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control by blocking the rotor radially with a rectilinearly moveable blocking element
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/0001Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
    • E05B2047/0014Constructional features of actuators or power transmissions therefor
    • E05B2047/0015Output elements of actuators
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/0001Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
    • E05B2047/0014Constructional features of actuators or power transmissions therefor
    • E05B2047/0018Details of actuator transmissions
    • E05B2047/002Geared transmissions
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/0001Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
    • E05B2047/0014Constructional features of actuators or power transmissions therefor
    • E05B2047/0018Details of actuator transmissions
    • E05B2047/0023Nuts or nut-like elements moving along a driven threaded axle
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/0001Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
    • E05B2047/0014Constructional features of actuators or power transmissions therefor
    • E05B2047/0018Details of actuator transmissions
    • E05B2047/0024Cams
    • E05B2047/0025Cams in the form of grooves
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/0001Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
    • E05B2047/0014Constructional features of actuators or power transmissions therefor
    • E05B2047/0018Details of actuator transmissions
    • E05B2047/0026Clutches, couplings or braking arrangements
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B2047/0092Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means including means for preventing manipulation by an external magnetic field, e.g. preventing opening by using a strong magnet
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/0001Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
    • E05B47/0012Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with rotary electromotors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00Locks
    • Y10T70/70Operating mechanism
    • Y10T70/7051Using a powered device [e.g., motor]
    • Y10T70/7062Electrical type [e.g., solenoid]
    • Y10T70/7068Actuated after correct combination recognized [e.g., numerical, alphabetical, or magnet[s] pattern]
    • Y10T70/7073Including use of a key
    • Y10T70/7079Key rotated [e.g., Eurocylinder]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00Locks
    • Y10T70/70Operating mechanism
    • Y10T70/7051Using a powered device [e.g., motor]
    • Y10T70/7062Electrical type [e.g., solenoid]
    • Y10T70/7068Actuated after correct combination recognized [e.g., numerical, alphabetical, or magnet[s] pattern]
    • Y10T70/7085Using a dial having indicia or pointer and indicia
    • Y10T70/7096With mechanism having rocker arm or linked bars
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00Locks
    • Y10T70/70Operating mechanism
    • Y10T70/7051Using a powered device [e.g., motor]
    • Y10T70/7062Electrical type [e.g., solenoid]
    • Y10T70/7102And details of blocking system [e.g., linkage, latch, pawl, spring]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00Locks
    • Y10T70/70Operating mechanism
    • Y10T70/7051Using a powered device [e.g., motor]
    • Y10T70/7062Electrical type [e.g., solenoid]
    • Y10T70/7136Key initiated actuation of device

Definitions

  • Locking devices with mechanically and electronically controlled Locking elements are known. They have all the properties of conventional ones purely mechanical locking devices. The additional electronically controlled locking also gives the option of keys to activate and block individually. With mechatronic locking devices So there can be additional flexibility in the locking organization can be achieved.
  • the electronically controlled locking system is based on data transmission between a key-side electronics module and a lock-side Electronics module.
  • This data transmission can be done by touch - e.g. by means of electrical contacts on the key and lock - or contactless - for example by means of electromagnetic induction - take place; Data can be in only one or both directions can be transmitted.
  • the transmitted data is used to check whether the plugged in Key is authorized to access. If this is the case, then a lock-side motor activated, which has an additional, electronically controlled Locking element moves such that it releases the locking cylinder.
  • Mechatronic locking devices such as in the published patent application DE-37 12 300 discloses, are particularly susceptible to vibration and / or shock or magnetic effects.
  • the electronically controlled Transfer locking element from its locked position to the open position. So can So the electronically controlled locking with only mechanical and / or magnetic means can be opened without a matching electronic encoded key would have to be introduced.
  • a vibration of constant frequency from the outside on the locking device be created; if the frequency is selected, this is done electronically controlled locking element in resonant vibration and changed due to hardly predictable interactions with other elements its location.
  • Another unlocking effect can be caused by knocks on the locking device be achieved.
  • a pulse can also be made from monochromatic Put vibrations together, so that the vibration as a special case of the Impact can be considered. Vibrations or impulses spread as Sound waves in the locking cylinder. Because of the complicated internal structure of the lock cylinder is its spread and its effect on individual Elements in the locking cylinder can hardly be predicted. Other external influences can happen with magnetic forces. A bypass is the electronically controlled locking by external influences of course, undesirable.
  • the object of the invention is a mechatronic locking device to create, which against external influences, in particular against vibration and / or shock or magnetic effects and ensures safe functioning.
  • the locking device according to the invention and freely vibrating masses in the process according to the invention avoided if possible.
  • the location of the locking element clearly specified by suitable guide means. This is how it is prevented. that the mass of the blocking element can get into resonance vibrations.
  • the locking device has at least one electronically controlled locking element, hereinafter simply called “locking element”, with at least one degree of freedom.
  • locking element an electronically controlled locking element
  • a rotor and a stator of the locking cylinder can be mutually locked. If the locking element is to lock the locking cylinder, it should are in a certain first position, hereinafter referred to as “blocked position”. In a second position, hereinafter referred to as “exposure”, there is the blocking element the lock cylinder free.
  • the locking device according to the invention has drive means for Exercise a worker on the locking element.
  • the blocking element is reversible from the blocking position to the free position and vice versa transferable.
  • the locking device according to the invention has guide means on which are connected to the drive means and at least outside the position of the blocking element uniquely determine the exposure.
  • the locking device has reset means which, on the one hand, has a carrier which is immovable relative to the stator and on the other hand are connected to the locking element.
  • the reset means exercise a restoring force directed away from the free position on the locking element off when the locking element is in an environment of the exposure located.
  • the blocking element should be in the vicinity of the exposure lock.
  • the blocking element can preferably in addition to the blocking position and the free position have a third excellent location, the "quiet location", in which the restoring means do not exert any force on the locking element.
  • the locking element In the rest position the locking element locks the locking cylinder.
  • the reset means a restoring force directed away from the free position onto the locking element, if the blocking element is between the open position and the rest position, and that the locking element in the rest position and in the positions between the rest position and the free position lock the locking cylinder.
  • the exposure is preferably arranged in such a way that the largest possible Workers and / or the greatest possible route, d. H. the largest possible Energy is needed to move the locking element from the rest position into the free position convict. Then it is practically impossible to use the locking device only with vibration and / or shock, without actuation of the drive means, to open.
  • the drive means are capable of a worker on the Exercise locking element that is greater than the respective restoring force.
  • the resistance to vibration and / or shock is additional increased if the blocking position is arranged in such a way that the largest possible Path is necessary to transfer the locking element from the locked position to the open position.
  • the blocking element linear translations along a can perform certain route, so the free location is preferably at the first end of this route, the restricted area at the second end of the route and the rest position in the middle of the route.
  • the driving force works always towards the middle of the route, i.e. towards the rest position, where according to the invention Locking element already locks. In other embodiments, however also the rest position coincides with the blocked position or is completely missing.
  • the convention applies that positive forces F> 0 act in the positive x direction and negative forces F ⁇ 0 in the negative x direction.
  • FIG. 1 shows a force / displacement diagram for a locking device according to the prior art.
  • An undesired parasitic force F P > 0, which is directed towards the exposure x F now acts on the blocking element.
  • the parasitic force F P is, for example, a maximum force which acts on the blocking element when it is caused to resonate by external influences.
  • Fp is independent of x.
  • the locking system counteracts the parasitic force Fp with a maximum counterforce F G ⁇ 0.
  • FIG. 2 The situation in FIG. 2 is quite different, in which a force / displacement diagram for a locking device according to the invention is shown.
  • an additional restoring force F R (x) exerted by restoring means acts on the locking element.
  • Hooke's law F R (x) kx applies, where k is a spring constant.
  • the locking element moves at most to the reversal point x U , where the locking element always locks the locking cylinder still locks, and no further.
  • An opening of the locking device according to the invention by external vibrations and / or shocks is therefore impossible.
  • FIG. 3 shows the work W (x) which is necessary to move the locking element from a location x ⁇ x F to the exposure x F.
  • the curve W 1 (x) corresponds to the situation in FIG. 1, that is to say the prior art, where F res is independent of x. In this case, the work W 1 (x) required for opening decreases linearly with x.
  • the curve W 2 (x) corresponds to the situation in FIG. 2, that is to say the invention, where F res is linearly dependent on x. In this case, the work W 2 (x) required for opening depends quadratically on x.
  • curve W 2 (x) can be increased further by suitable measures.
  • Figures 2 and 3 show a special case because the rest position x 0 lies in the middle between the blocked position x S and the free position x F. Of course, this does not have to be the case.
  • the locking device according to the invention could, for example, be designed such that the rest position x 0 is beyond the blocked position x S , ie x 0 ⁇ x S. In this case, the restoring force F R would be directed away from the exposure in all positions of the locking element, ie F R (x ⁇ x F ) ⁇ 0.
  • the reversal point x U in FIG. 2 would be at a greater distance from the exposure x F would be, and the difference between the required work W 1 (x), W 2 (x) in Fig. 3 would be even greater. Such an embodiment could therefore be advantageous.
  • FIG. 4 shows schematically part of a locking device according to the invention.
  • a locking cylinder 12 contains a rotor 1 and a stator 6 surrounding the rotor 1.
  • the rotor 1 is provided with a bore 11.1, with which a passage opening 11.2 of the stator 6 communicates.
  • a locking element 2 designed as a tumbler pin passes through the bore 11.1 and the passage opening 11.2 and is essentially movable in the radial direction x.
  • the rotor 1 is locked, ie the rotor 1 and the stator 6 are mutually locked by the locking element.
  • a spring symbolizes restoring means 3 in FIG. 4.
  • the restoring means are connected on the one hand to a carrier 31 which is immovable relative to the stator 6 and on the other hand to the locking element 2. They exert a restoring force F R directed away from the exposure x F on the locking element 2 when the locking element 2 is located between the exposure x F and a rest position x 0 .
  • Drive means 9 can act on the locking element 2 with a worker F A in order to transfer the locking element 2 in a controlled manner from the locking position x S to the free position x F or vice versa.
  • Guide means 5 are connected to the drive means 9. These lead it Blocking element 2 by clearly determining its position. This will prevents the blocking element 2 from acting on the resetting means 3 a vibration from outside the lock in resonant vibrations can be moved. In other words: through the management means 5 free-swinging masses are avoided.
  • FIGS. 5 and 11-13 shown the locking device according to the invention. They differ mainly in their management tools.
  • FIG. 5 shows a first, preferred embodiment of the locking device according to the invention.
  • the locking element 2 is designed as a tumbler pin which can be moved essentially in the radial direction in a locking cylinder.
  • the blocking element 2 passes through a passage opening 11.2 of the stator 6 which communicates with a bore 11.1 of the rotor 1 and dips into the bore 11.1 in the blocked position. If, however, the end piece 21 of the tumbler pin 2 is further outside, completely in the stator 6, the rotor 1 can be rotated freely (provided that any mechanically controlled locking elements also release the rotor).
  • an electric motor 9 with a drive shaft 91 serves as the drive means.
  • the torque generated by the electric motor 9 and transmitted by the drive shaft 91 can be converted into the working force F A required for the reversible movement of the tumbler pin 2. This conversion is accomplished by a thread 53, which is connected to the drive shaft in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • a force transmission means 4 is connected to the tumbler pin 2, by means of which the working force F A and / or the restoring force F R can be transmitted from the drive means 9 or from resetting means 3 to the tumbler pin 2.
  • the force transmission means 4 is designed, for example, as a lever.
  • the connection between the tumbler pin 2 and the lever 4 can be realized in a form-fitting manner, for example by means of a hole 22 in the tumbler pin 2, through which the lever 4 is guided essentially vertically.
  • the restoring means in this embodiment is a helical spring 3.
  • the helical spring 3 presses a first end 41 of the lever 4 against a carrier 31.
  • the lever 4 is rotatable (but not necessarily fastened in the pivot point P) about a pivot point P of the carrier 31, so that it transmits the restoring force F R of the coil spring 3 to the tumbler pin 2 as a two-sided lever.
  • a second, guided end 42 of the lever 4 is the thread 53 as a guide positively guided or held essentially without play.
  • the thread 53 is a one-way external thread with a plurality of turns surrounding the drive shaft 91.
  • Means Rotation of the thread 53 with several turns can the guided End 42 of the lever 4 to the first end 53.1 or to the second end 53.2 of the Thread 53 are moved. Accordingly, through leverage the tumbler pin 2 moves radially; depending on its position, the rotor is 1 locked or free with respect to the stator 6.
  • Fig. 5 the tumbler pin 2 in drawn in a position in which it blocks the rotor 1. Does that turn Thread 53 in the direction indicated by an arrow 92 moves the tumbler pin in the direction indicated by an arrow 23 essentially radially outwards against the exposure.
  • the guided end 42 of the lever 4 In the locked position, the guided end 42 of the lever 4 is at the first end 53.1 of the thread 53, and the tumbler pin 2 is far into the rotor 1 sunk. In the rest position, the guided end 42 of the lever 4 is in the Center of the thread 53, and the tumbler pin 2 still blocks the Rotor 1. In the free position, the guided end 42 of the lever 4 is on second end 53.2 of the thread 53, and the rotor 1 is now free. The ends 53.1, 53.2 of the thread 53 are therefore assigned to the blocking position or the free position.
  • the thread 53 can continue to rotate both in the locked position and in the open position, without this having any consequences for the position of the tumbler pin 2; This has the advantage that the drive motor does not have to be switched off exactly when the respective end position is reached.
  • the guided end 42 of the lever 4 remains at the respective end 53.1, 53.2 of the thread 53 and performs at most one small up and down movement during one thread revolution.
  • the guided end 42 of the lever 4 is forced back into the thread 53 by the restoring force F R.
  • the rest position must lie between the blocked position and the open position.
  • the tumbler pin 2 can be brought from the blocking position into the rest position under certain circumstances by external vibrations or shocks; even then the rotor 1 is still blocked.
  • the restoring force F R is even greater the further the tumbler pin 2 moves from the rest position to the open position, which further increases safety.
  • Figures 6, 7 and 8 show a perspective view of a drive motor 9, the thread 53 with its ends 53.1, 53.2, the drive shaft 91 and the lever 4 with its guided end 42 of the embodiment of FIG. 5 in the locked position, in the rest position or in the open.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 show details of variants of the embodiment of FIG. 5, namely slightly different ways of guiding the guided end 42 of the lever 4 along a thread.
  • the guided end 42 of the lever 4 does not engage directly in a thread, but is guided or held in a form-fitting manner by a groove 54.1 in a screw nut 54.
  • the screw nut 54 in turn is moved up and down by a corresponding screw thread 52.
  • the other elements of the locking device according to FIG. 6 can be designed and arranged in the same way as in FIG. 5.
  • the thread 53 is replaced by turns 53 'surrounding the drive shaft 91, which are connected to the drive shaft 91, for example, only at a first end 53.1' and a second end 53.2 '.
  • the windings 53 ' can be delimited, for example, by limits 51.1, 51.2 formed as plates.
  • FIG. 11 Another embodiment of the locking device according to the invention is shown in FIG . 11 .
  • the lever 4 as a force transmission means is guided by a (shown in perspective) spiral 55 as a guide means in that the second end 42 of the lever 4 engages in a form-fitting manner between the spiral windings.
  • the spiral 55 in turn is rotated by a motor (not shown) via a shaft 91.
  • the guided end 42 of the lever 4 In the locked position, the guided end 42 of the lever 4 is in the vicinity of the shaft 91. If the spiral 55 is rotated by the motor in the corresponding direction (indicated by an arrow 92), it pushes the guided end 42 of the lever 4 off the shaft 91 away to the outside. The exposure is reached after several engine revolutions. In the open position, the guided end 42 of the lever 4 is located on the outer circumference of the spiral 55. Again, the rotation of the motor does not have to stop immediately when the desired position is reached.
  • the guide means for the lever 4 or the electronically controlled tumbler pin 2 are a gearwheel or pinion 56.1 with a gearwheel segment 56.2.
  • the gearwheel or pinion 56.1 is toothed with a gearwheel segment 56.2 fastened to the guided end 42 of the lever 4.
  • a motor (not shown in FIG. 12) drives the gear 56.1 via a shaft 91 and thus moves or controls the tumbler pin 2.
  • the ratio of gear 56.1 to gear segment 56.2 is preferably chosen to be large, so that several motor revolutions are necessary in order to to transfer the tumbler pin 2 from the locked position to the open position.
  • the guide means are a tension band or a tension wire 57.1, to which the guided end 42 of the lever 4 is fastened.
  • the tensioning band or the tensioning wire 57.1 is wound one or more times around a roller 57.2 and is forced by static friction to take part in rotations of the roller 57.2.
  • the roller 57.2 is driven by a motor (not shown) via a shaft 57.3.
  • the circumference of the roller 57.2 is preferably chosen to be small compared to the length of the tensioning band or the tensioning wire 57.1, so that several roller revolutions are necessary in order to transfer the tumbler pin 2 from the locked position into the open position.
  • the force transmission means 4 are themselves resilient, for example as a leaf spring.
  • the first end 41 of the lever 4 is firmly clamped in the carrier 31.
  • the leaf spring or the lever 4 acts simultaneously as a force transmission means and as a restoring means.
  • the restoring means of FIGS. 5, 11 or 12 designed as a helical spring.
  • FIG . 14 shows such a variant.
  • the first end 41 of the lever 4 is firmly clamped in the carrier 31, and two coil springs 31, 3.2 act as a restoring means on the lever 4.
  • FIG. 15 shows a perspective, partially disclosed view of a first embodiment of a locking module 10 or part of a lock with a locking device according to the invention, installed in a door (not shown).
  • the locking module 10 has a double locking cylinder 12, a first partial cylinder 12.1 being directed against an outside of the door 61 and a second partial cylinder 12.2 against an inside of the door 62.
  • the first partial cylinder 12.1 contains a mechanical section 13.1 and an electronic section 13.2; these two sections 13.1, 13.2 can also merge into one another and do not have to be clearly delimited from one another.
  • a key opening 14 directed against an outside of the door 61 is provided in a rotor 1.
  • An electrical cable 16 connects the locking module 10 to an electronic module (not shown) on the lock side and serves for the electrical transmission of energy for actuating the drive means 9 and / or information.
  • a locking beard 17 for actuating a door lock (not shown).
  • a knob 18 can protrude from inside the door 62; in another variant, a key opening can also be provided on the inside of the door 62.
  • the lock can be protected with a lock plate 63 attached to the outside of the door 61.
  • the 15 also has a collar 15, in which the electronically controlled locking device according to the invention can be accommodated.
  • the (indicated by dashed lines) Electric motor 9 arranged on the circumference of the lock cylinder 12 and its drive shaft 91 runs essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the locking cylinder 12.
  • the electric motor 9 'or 9 also arranged on the circumference of the locking cylinder 12, wherein but its drive shaft 91 'or 91 "substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the lock cylinder 12 runs.
  • a key 7 with a key head 73 and a key bit 75 is shown in FIG the key opening 14 insertable. It contains, for example. on the key bit 75, electrical contacts 71 for data transmission from the key 7 in the electronic Section 13.2 of the first partial cylinder 12.1. Any electronic Components and / or integrated circuits 74 can, for example, in the key bit 75 or be housed in the key head 73. The key can continue 7 provided with mechanical coding 72 on the key bit 75 his.
  • FIG. 16 shows an embodiment of a locking module 10 that is slightly different from FIG. 15.
  • the web 19 is only short, so that the locking module 10 corresponds to other installation standards.
  • FIG. 17 shows a cross section through the collar 15 from FIG. 15 or 16.
  • the embodiment of the locking device according to the invention shown in FIG. 15 corresponds essentially to that of FIG. 5.
  • the locking cylinder 12 consists of a stator 6 and a rotor 1 rotatably mounted therein.
  • An electronically controlled tumbler pin 2 is connected via a thread 53 acting as a guide means and one Lever 4 moved by an electric motor 9.
  • a gear train 93 with, for example, two intermeshing gear wheels 93.1, 93.2 is connected.
  • Such a gear train 93 can be advantageous.
  • the thread 53 cannot be fastened directly to a drive shaft 91.1 of the electric motor 9 for geometric reasons, for example because of the limited space available, but instead has its own drive shaft 91.2. It can also adjust the force or speed of the electric motor 9 in a suitable manner for the thread 53.
  • the lever 4 serves as a power transmission means and is not guided on it End 41 with a coil spring 3 on the housing 31 of the locking module 15 pressed.
  • the coil spring 3 serves as a restoring means.
  • the electronically controlled tumbler pin 2 is located approximately in the rest position.
  • the lever 4 In addition to the rest position, the lever 4 is dash-dotted in the free position (4 ') and in an extreme position (4 ") outside the exposure.
  • the tumbler pin 2 releases the rotor 1 relative to the stator 6. If rotor 1 is then rotated, it presses it with a conical one End 2.1 provided tumbler pin 2 further outwards, whereby the Lever 4 reaches its extreme position (4 "). This is in this extreme position second end 42 of the lever 4 at a distance from the thread 53 so that the thread 53 cannot grip the end 42 if the electric motor 9 does Thread 53 should set in rotation.
  • At least one mechanically controlled can also be in the lock cylinder 12 Tumbler pin 8 is present, on which a preloaded pin spring 81 works.
  • the mechanically controlled tumbler pin 8 plays with a corresponding one mechanical coding 72 on a in the lock cylinder 12th inserted key 7 together.
  • several can mechanically controlled tumbler pins are available.
  • several electronically controlled locking elements are available.
  • Exercising the worker to transfer the locking element 2 from the Blockage into the open position is achieved by inserting one of the locking cylinders 12 assigned key 7 in the rotor 1 or a rotary movement in or initiated with the rotor 1.
  • the exercise of labor is reversed to transfer the locking element 2 from the free position to the locked position initiated by pulling the key out of the rotor 1.

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Abstract

A locking device for a lock cylinder (12) has an electronically controlled inhibiting element (2), which in an inhibit position (xS) blocks movement of a rotor (1) relative to a stator (6) and frees the rotor (1) in a free position (xF). A drive (9) exerts a working force (FA) on the inhibiting element (2), by which inhibiting element (2) can be reversibly transferred from the inhibit position (xS) into the free position (xF) and vice versa. A guide (52-57) is connected to the drive (9) and, at least outside the free position (xF), clearly defines the position of the inhibiting element (2). A restoring device (3) exerts a restoring force (FR) directed away from the free position (xF) on the inhibiting element (2), when that element is between the free position (xF) and a rest position (xO). In the rest position (xO) and in positions between the rest position (xO) and the free position (xF), the inhibiting element inhibits movement of the rotor (1). The locking device is resistant to external, undesired vibration and/or shock effects or magnetic action.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Verriegelungsvorrichtung gemäss Oberbegriff des ersten Patentanspruchs, welche insbesondere für Schliesssysteme in Gebäuden, Fahrzeugen, Möbeln, Kassenschränken, Schaltschränken, Schlüsselschaltern etc. geeignet ist. Die Erfindung betrifft ausserdem ein Verfahren zum Verhindern eines Öffnens einer Verriegelungsvorrichtung gemäss Oberbegriff eines weiteren unabhängigen Patentanspruchs.The invention relates to a locking device according to the preamble of first claim, especially for locking systems in buildings, Vehicles, furniture, cash register cabinets, switch cabinets, key switches etc. is suitable. The invention also relates to a method for preventing an opening of a locking device according to the preamble of a further independent claim.

Verriegelungsvorrichtungen mit mechanisch und elektronisch gesteuerten Sperrelementen sind bekannt. Sie besitzen alle Eigenschaften von herkömmlichen rein mechanischen Verriegelungsvorrichtungen. Die zusätzliche elektronisch gesteuerte Verriegelung gewährt ausserdem die Möglichkeit, Schlüssel individuell zu aktivieren und zu sperren. Mit mechatronischen Verriegelungsvorrichtungen kann also zusätzliche Flexibilität in der Schliessorganisation erreicht werden.Locking devices with mechanically and electronically controlled Locking elements are known. They have all the properties of conventional ones purely mechanical locking devices. The additional electronically controlled locking also gives the option of keys to activate and block individually. With mechatronic locking devices So there can be additional flexibility in the locking organization can be achieved.

Die elektronisch gesteuerte Verriegelung basiert auf einer Datenübertragung zwischen einem schlüsselseitigen Elektronikmodul und einem schlosseitigen Elektronikmodul. Diese Datenübertragung kann durch Berührung - bspw. mittels elektrischer Kontakte an Schlüssel und Schloss - oder berührungslos - bspw. mittels elektromagnetischer Induktion - stattfinden; Daten können in nur eine oder in beide Richtungen übertragen werden. Im schlosseitigen Elektronikmodul wird anhand der übertragenen Daten überprüft, ob der eingesteckte Schlüssel zutrittsberechtigt ist. Wenn dies der Fall ist, so wird ein schlosseitiger Motor aktiviert, welcher ein zusätzliches, elektronisch gesteuertes Sperrelement derart bewegt, dass es den Schliesszylinder freigibt.The electronically controlled locking system is based on data transmission between a key-side electronics module and a lock-side Electronics module. This data transmission can be done by touch - e.g. by means of electrical contacts on the key and lock - or contactless - for example by means of electromagnetic induction - take place; Data can be in only one or both directions can be transmitted. In the lock-side electronics module the transmitted data is used to check whether the plugged in Key is authorized to access. If this is the case, then a lock-side motor activated, which has an additional, electronically controlled Locking element moves such that it releases the locking cylinder.

Eine elektronisch gesteuerte Verriegelungsvorrichtung ist bspw. aus der Offenlegungsschrift DE-37 12 300 bekannt. Diese offenbart einen Schliesszylinder mit einem Rotor und einem Stator, welche durch mechanische Zuhaltungen und eine elektronische Zuhaltung gegenseitig verriegelbar sind. Die elektronische Zuhaltung besteht im wesentlichen aus einem als Flachschieber ausgebildeten Zuhaltungsriegel, welcher in den Rotor eingreifen kann. Der Zuhaltungsriegel wird von einem schwenkbaren Ankerhebel bewegt. Der Ankerhebel wird durch einen Elektrohaftmagneten derart betätigt, dass er den Zuhaltungsriegel aus der Sperrlage in die Freilage zurückzieht. Nach Ausschalten des Elektrohaftmagneten drückt eine Rückstellfeder den Zuhaltungsriegel wieder in die Sperrlage.An electronically controlled locking device is, for example, from the published patent application DE-37 12 300 known. This reveals a locking cylinder with a rotor and a stator, which by mechanical tumblers and an electronic tumbler can be mutually locked. The electronic Guard locking essentially consists of a flat slide Guard locking bar, which can engage in the rotor. The tumbler bar is moved by a swiveling anchor lever. The anchor lever is actuated by an electromagnet to hold the tumbler withdraws from the blocked position into the open position. After switching off of the electro holding magnet is pressed by a return spring back in the blocked position.

Mechatronische Verriegelungsvorrichtungen, wie bspw. in der Offenlegungsschrift DE-37 12 300 offenbart, sind vor allen Dingen anfällig auf Vibrations- und/oder Schockeinwirkungen oder auf Magneteinwirkungen. Durch geeignete äussere Einwirkungen solcher Art ist es möglich, das elektronisch gesteuerte Sperrelement aus seiner Sperrlage in die Freilage überzuführen. So kann also die elektronisch gesteuerte Verriegelung mit bloss mechanischen und/oder magnetischen Mitteln geöffnet werden, ohne dass ein passend elektronisch kodierter Schlüssel eingeführt werden müsste. Zu diesem Zweck könnte eine Vibration konstanter Frequenz von aussen an der Schliesseinrichtung angelegt werden; bei geeignet gewählter Frequenz gerät das elektronisch gesteuerte Sperrelement in Resonanzschwingung und verändert aufgrund von kaum voraussehbaren Wechselwirkungen mit anderen Elementen seine Lage. Eine weitere Entsperrwirkung kann mit Schlägen auf die Schliesseinrichtung erzielt werden. Bekanntlich lässt sich auch ein Impuls aus monochromatischen Schwingungen zusammensetzen, so dass die Vibration als Spezialfall des Schlages betrachtet werden kann. Schwingungen bzw. Impulse breiten sich als Schallwellen im Schliesszylinder aus. Wegen der komplizierten inneren Struktur des Schliesszylinders ist ihre Ausbreitung und ihre Wirkung auf einzelne Elemente im Schliesszylinder kaum vorausberechenbar. Weitere äussere Beeinflussungen können mit magnetischen Kräften geschehen. Eine Umgehung der elektronisch gesteuerten Verriegelung durch äussere Fremdeinflüsse ist natürlich unerwünscht. Mechatronic locking devices, such as in the published patent application DE-37 12 300 discloses, are particularly susceptible to vibration and / or shock or magnetic effects. By suitable External influences of such a kind are possible, the electronically controlled Transfer locking element from its locked position to the open position. So can So the electronically controlled locking with only mechanical and / or magnetic means can be opened without a matching electronic encoded key would have to be introduced. For this purpose a vibration of constant frequency from the outside on the locking device be created; if the frequency is selected, this is done electronically controlled locking element in resonant vibration and changed due to hardly predictable interactions with other elements its location. Another unlocking effect can be caused by knocks on the locking device be achieved. As is well known, a pulse can also be made from monochromatic Put vibrations together, so that the vibration as a special case of the Impact can be considered. Vibrations or impulses spread as Sound waves in the locking cylinder. Because of the complicated internal structure of the lock cylinder is its spread and its effect on individual Elements in the locking cylinder can hardly be predicted. Other external influences can happen with magnetic forces. A bypass is the electronically controlled locking by external influences of course, undesirable.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine mechatronische Verriegelungsvorrichtung zu schaffen, welche gegen äussere Fremdeinflüsse, insbesondere gegen Vibrations- und/oder Schockeinwirkungen oder Magneteinwirkungen, resistent ist und ein sicheres Funktionieren gewährleistet.The object of the invention is a mechatronic locking device to create, which against external influences, in particular against vibration and / or shock or magnetic effects and ensures safe functioning.

Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch die Verriegelunsvorrichtung und das Verfahren, wie sie durch die unabhängigen Patentansprüche definiert sind.The object is achieved by the locking device and the method, as defined by the independent claims.

Der erfindungsgemässen Lösung liegt eine Analyse der mechanischen Vorgänge zugrunde, die sich beim Öffnen eines Sperrelementes durch Vibrations- und/oder Schockeinwirkungen abspielen. Durch diese äusseren Einflüsse wird das Sperrelement vorzugsweise in Resonanzschwingung versetzt, wobei die nötigen Rückstellkräfte durch seine Befestigung am Motor ausgeübt werden. Bei der Resonanzschwingung wirken parasitäre Kräfte stossweise auf das Sperrelement und auf den Motor. Es können nun Mechanismen zur Wirkung gelangen, welche eine Bewegung des Sperrelementes in einer Richtung begünstigen und in die entgegengesetze Richtung behindern, in der Art einer Rätsche. Solche Mechanismen können durch asymmetrische Dämpfung, Rückkopplung von anderen schwingenden Elementen etc. entstehen. Sie können bewirken, dass sich das Sperrelement während der äusseren Einwirkung in eine Richtung bewegt, schlimmstenfalls zur "Freilage" hin, d. h. zu derjenigen Lage hin, in welcher es den Schliesszylinder freigibt. Eine genügend grosse Anzahl parasitärer Kraftstösse genügt also, um das Sperrelement aus seiner Sperrlage in die Freilage überzuführen.The solution according to the invention is based on an analysis of the mechanical processes based on vibrations when opening a locking element and / or play shock effects. Through these external influences the blocking element is preferably set in resonant vibration, the necessary restoring forces are exerted by its attachment to the engine. With the resonance vibration parasitic forces act intermittently on the Locking element and on the engine. There can now be mechanisms to work get, which favor a movement of the locking element in one direction and hinder in the opposite direction, like a riddle. Such mechanisms can be achieved through asymmetrical damping, feedback of other vibrating elements etc. You can cause the locking element to move in during external action moving in one direction, at worst towards "exposure", d. H. to that Position in which it releases the locking cylinder. A big enough one The number of parasitic force surges is sufficient to remove the blocking element from it To transfer the restricted area to the open area.

Um zu verhindern, dass die Verriegelungsvorrichtung auf diese Weise geöffnet werden kann, wird erfindungsgemäss wenigstens in einer Umgebung der Freilage eine zusätzliche Kraft, eine "Rückstellkraft", am Sperrelement ausgeübt, welche den parasitären Kräften entgegengesetzt ist. Ist diese zusätzliche Kraft betragsmässig grösser als eine kritische Kraft, bspw. als die maximale während eines Kraftstosses vorkommende parasitäre Kraft, so kann sich das Sperrelement nicht mehr unkontrolliert zur Freilage hin bewegen.To prevent the locking device from opening in this way can be, according to the invention, at least in one environment Expose an additional force, a "restoring force", exerted on the locking element, which is opposite to the parasitic forces. Is this additional Force greater than a critical force, for example, than the maximum parasitic force occurring during a power surge, this can be Do not move the locking element towards the exposure uncontrollably.

Die Ausübung einer Rückstellkraft am Sperrelement birgt aber auch eine zusätzliche Gefahr. Bekanntlich bildet eine bewegliche Masse, auf welche eine Rückstellkraft wirkt, einen Oszillator mit mindestens einer Resonanzfrequenz. Ein solcher Oszillator kann wiederum durch Anregung mit geeigneter Frequenz in Resonanzschwingungen versetzt werden, deren Amplitude - je nach vorhandener Dämpfung - sehr gross werden kann. Unter Ausnützung dieses Effektes könnte die Verriegelungsvorrichtung unerwünschterweise durch äussere Einflüsse geöffnet werden.The exercise of a restoring force on the locking element also harbors one additional danger. As is known, forms a movable mass on which a Restoring force acts, an oscillator with at least one resonance frequency. Such an oscillator can in turn be excited by a suitable frequency are set into resonance vibrations, the amplitude of which - depending on existing damping - can become very large. Taking advantage of this The locking device could undesirably be caused by external effects Influences are opened.

Um dies zu verhindern, werden in der erfindungsgemässen Verriegelungsvorrichtung und im erfindungsgemässen Verfahren frei schwingende Massen möglichst vermieden. Zu diesem Zweck wird die Lage des Sperrelementes durch geeignete Führungsmittel eindeutig vorgegeben. So wird verhindert. dass die Masse des Sperrelementes in Resonanzschwingungen geraten kann.To prevent this, the locking device according to the invention and freely vibrating masses in the process according to the invention avoided if possible. For this purpose, the location of the locking element clearly specified by suitable guide means. This is how it is prevented. that the mass of the blocking element can get into resonance vibrations.

Die erfindungsgemässe Verriegelungsvorrichtung weist mindestens ein elektronisch gesteuertes Sperrelement, im folgenden einfach "Sperrelement" genannt, mit mindestens einem Bewegungsfreiheitsgrad auf. Durch dieses Sperrelement sind ein Rotor und ein Stator des Schliesszylinders gegenseitig verriegelbar. Wenn das Sperrelement den Schliesszylinder sperren soll, soll es sich in einer bestimmten ersten Lage, im folgenden "Sperrlage" genannt, befinden. In einer zweiten Lage, im folgenden "Freilage" genannt, gibt das Sperrelement den Schliesszylinder frei.The locking device according to the invention has at least one electronically controlled locking element, hereinafter simply called "locking element", with at least one degree of freedom. Through this locking element a rotor and a stator of the locking cylinder can be mutually locked. If the locking element is to lock the locking cylinder, it should are in a certain first position, hereinafter referred to as "blocked position". In a second position, hereinafter referred to as "exposure", there is the blocking element the lock cylinder free.

Die erfindungsgemässe Verriegelungsvorrichtung weist Antriebsmittel zum Ausüben einer Arbeitskraft am Sperrelement auf. Mittels der Arbeitskraft ist das Sperrelement reversibel von der Sperrlage in die Freilage und umgekehrt überführbar.The locking device according to the invention has drive means for Exercise a worker on the locking element. By means of the worker the blocking element is reversible from the blocking position to the free position and vice versa transferable.

Weiter weist die erfindungsgemässe Verriegelungsvorrichtung Führungsmittel auf, welche mit den Antriebsmitteln verbunden sind und zumindest ausserhalb der Freilage die Lage des Sperrelementes eindeutig bestimmen.Furthermore, the locking device according to the invention has guide means on which are connected to the drive means and at least outside the position of the blocking element uniquely determine the exposure.

Ausserdem weist die erfindungsgemässe Verriegelungsvorrichtung Rückstellmittel auf, welche einerseits mit einem relativ zum Stator unbeweglichen Träger und andererseits mit dem Sperrelement verbunden sind. Die Rückstellmittel üben eine von der Freilage weg gerichtete Rückstellkraft auf das Sperrelement aus, wenn sich das Sperrelement in einer Umgebung der Freilage befindet. Erfindungsgemäss soll das Sperrelement in der Umgebung der Freilage sperren.In addition, the locking device according to the invention has reset means which, on the one hand, has a carrier which is immovable relative to the stator and on the other hand are connected to the locking element. The reset means exercise a restoring force directed away from the free position on the locking element off when the locking element is in an environment of the exposure located. According to the invention, the blocking element should be in the vicinity of the exposure lock.

Das Sperrelement kann vorzugsweise nebst der Sperrlage und der Freilage noch eine dritte ausgezeichnete Lage aufweisen, die "Ruhelage", in welcher die Rückstellmittel keine Kraft auf das Sperrelement ausüben. In der Ruhelage sperrt das Sperrelement den Schliesszylinder. Die Rückstellmittel üben eine von der Freilage weg gerichtete Rückstellkraft auf das Sperrelement aus, wenn sich das Sperrelement zwischen der Freilage und der Ruhelage befindet, und dass das Sperrelement in der Ruhelage sowie in den Positionen zwischen der Ruhelage und der Freilage sperrt den Schliesszylinder.The blocking element can preferably in addition to the blocking position and the free position have a third excellent location, the "quiet location", in which the restoring means do not exert any force on the locking element. In the rest position the locking element locks the locking cylinder. Practice the reset means a restoring force directed away from the free position onto the locking element, if the blocking element is between the open position and the rest position, and that the locking element in the rest position and in the positions between the rest position and the free position lock the locking cylinder.

Die Freilage ist vorzugsweise derart angeordnet, dass eine möglichst grosse Arbeitskraft und/oder ein möglichst grosser Weg, d. h. eine möglichst grosse Energie, nötig ist, um das Sperrelement aus der Ruhelage in die Freilage überzuführen. Dann ist es praktisch unmöglich, die Verriegelungsvorrichtung nur mit Vibrations- und/oder Schockeinwirkung, ohne Betätigung der Antriebsmittel, zu öffnen. Die Antriebsmittel sind fähig, eine Arbeitskraft auf das Sperrelement auszuüben, die grösser als die jeweilige Rückstellkraft ist.The exposure is preferably arranged in such a way that the largest possible Workers and / or the greatest possible route, d. H. the largest possible Energy is needed to move the locking element from the rest position into the free position convict. Then it is practically impossible to use the locking device only with vibration and / or shock, without actuation of the drive means, to open. The drive means are capable of a worker on the Exercise locking element that is greater than the respective restoring force.

Die Resistenz gegen Vibrations- und/oder Schockeinwirkung wird zusätzlich erhöht, wenn die Sperrlage derart angeordnet ist, dass ein möglichst grosser Weg nötig ist, um das Sperrelement aus der Sperrlage in die Freilage überzuführen. Wenn z. B. das Sperrelement lineare Translationen entlang einer bestimmten Strecke ausführen kann, so befindet sich vorzugsweise die Freilage am ersten Ende dieser Strecke, die Sperrlage am zweiten Ende der Strecke und die Ruhelage in der Mitte der Strecke. Die rücktreibende Kraft wirkt stets zur Mitte der Strecke, also zur Ruhelage hin, wo erfindungsgemäss das Sperrelement auch schon sperrt. In anderen Ausführungsformen kann aber auch die Ruhelage mit der Sperrlage zusammenfallen oder gänzlich fehlen.The resistance to vibration and / or shock is additional increased if the blocking position is arranged in such a way that the largest possible Path is necessary to transfer the locking element from the locked position to the open position. If e.g. B. the blocking element linear translations along a can perform certain route, so the free location is preferably at the first end of this route, the restricted area at the second end of the route and the rest position in the middle of the route. The driving force works always towards the middle of the route, i.e. towards the rest position, where according to the invention Locking element already locks. In other embodiments, however also the rest position coincides with the blocked position or is completely missing.

Beim erfindungsgemässen Verfahren zum Verhindern eines Öffnens einer Verriegelungsvorrichtung durch parasitäre, durch Vibrations- und/oder Schockeinwirkung entstehende Kräfte wird zur Vermeidung frei schwingender Massen die Lage des Sperrelementes durch Führungsmittel eindeutig vorgegeben. Wenigstens in einer Umgebung der Freilage wird eine Rückstellkraft am Sperrelement ausgeübt, welche den parasitären Kräften entgegengesetzt ist.In the method according to the invention for preventing an opening Locking device by parasitic, by vibration and / or Forces resulting from shock are more freely oscillating to avoid them Masses the position of the locking element clearly specified by guide means. A restoring force is at least in an environment of the open space Blocking element exercised, which is opposite to the parasitic forces.

Im folgenden wird die erfindungsgemässe Verriegelungsvorrichtung und zum Vergleich auch der Stand der Technik anhand der Figuren detailliert beschrieben. Dabei zeigen schematisch:

Fig. 1
ein Kraft/Weg-Diagramm für eine Verriegelungsvorrichtung gemäss Stand der Technik,
Fig. 2
ein Kraft/Weg-Diagramm für eine erfindungsgemässe Verriegelungsvorrichtung,
Fig. 3
ein Arbeit/Weg-Diagramm für eine erfindungsgemässe Verriegelungsvorrichtung und für eine Verriegelungsvorrichtung gemäss Stand der Technik,
Fig. 4
eine schematische Darstellung eines Teils einer erfindungsgemässen Verriegelungsvorrichtung,
Fig. 5
eine erste, bevorzugte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemässen Verriegelungsvorrichtung,
Fig. 6-8
perspektivische Ansichten von Teilen der Ausführungsform von Fig. 5 in verschiedenen Lagen,
Fig. 9 und 10
zwei Varianten zur Ausführungsform von Fig. 5,
Fig. 11-13
weitere Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemässen Verriegelungsvorrichtung,
Fig. 14
ein Detail einer weiteren Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung,
Fig. 15 und 16
zwei verschiedene Ausführungsformen eines Schliessmoduls mit einer erfindugsgemässen Verriegelungsvorrichtung in einer perspektivischen, teilweise offengelegten Ansicht und
Fig. 17
einen Querschnitt durch einen Kragen eines in Fig. 15 oder 16 dargestellten Schliessmoduls.
The locking device according to the invention and for comparison also the prior art are described in detail below with reference to the figures. The following schematically show:
Fig. 1
a force / displacement diagram for a locking device according to the prior art,
Fig. 2
a force / displacement diagram for a locking device according to the invention,
Fig. 3
a work / path diagram for a locking device according to the invention and for a locking device according to the prior art,
Fig. 4
1 shows a schematic representation of part of a locking device according to the invention,
Fig. 5
a first, preferred embodiment of the locking device according to the invention,
Fig. 6-8
5 perspective views of parts of the embodiment of FIG. 5 in different positions,
9 and 10
two variants of the embodiment of FIG. 5,
Fig. 11-13
further embodiments of the locking device according to the invention,
Fig. 14
a detail of a further embodiment of the device according to the invention,
15 and 16
two different embodiments of a locking module with a locking device according to the invention in a perspective, partially disclosed view and
Fig. 17
a cross section through a collar of a locking module shown in Fig. 15 or 16.

In den Figuren 1 und 2 sind jeweils Kräfte F(x) auf ein Sperrelement in Abhängigkeit einer Ortskoordinate x, entlang welcher sich das Sperrelement bewegen kann, aufgetragen. Dabei bezeichnet

xS
eine Sperrlage, d. h. diejenige Lage des Sperrelementes, welche für das Sperrelement vorgesehen ist, wenn das Sperrelement den Schliesszylinder sperrt, also Rotor und Stator gegenseitig verriegelt,
xF
eine Freilage, d. h. diejenige Lage des Sperrelementes, in welcher das Sperrelement den Schliesszylinder freigibt,
x0
eine Ruhelage, d. h. diejenige Lage des Sperrelementes, in welcher bei der erfindungsgemässen Verriegelungsvorrichtung keine Rückstellkraft auf das Sperrelement wirkt.
In FIGS. 1 and 2, forces F (x) are in each case applied to a locking element as a function of a spatial coordinate x along which the locking element can move. Inscribed
x p
a blocking position, ie the position of the blocking element which is provided for the blocking element when the blocking element blocks the locking cylinder, that is to say interlocks the rotor and stator,
x F
an exposure, ie the position of the locking element in which the locking element releases the locking cylinder,
x 0
a rest position, ie the position of the locking element in which no locking force acts on the locking element in the locking device according to the invention.

Das Sperrelement soll den Schliesszylinder nur in der Freilage x = xF freigeben; in den Lagen x < xF, insbesondere auch für x = xS und x = x0, soll es sperren. In den Figuren 1 und 2 gilt die Konvention, dass positive Kräfte F > 0 in positiver x-Richtung und negative Kräfte F < 0 in negativer x-Richtung wirken.The locking element should only release the locking cylinder in the exposed position x = x F ; in positions x <x F , especially for x = x S and x = x 0 , it should block. In FIGS. 1 and 2, the convention applies that positive forces F> 0 act in the positive x direction and negative forces F <0 in the negative x direction.

In Figur 1 ist ein Kraft/Weg-Diagramm für eine Verriegelungsvorrichtung gemäss Stand der Technik dargestellt. Auf das Sperrelement wirke nun eine unerwünschte parasitäre Kraft FP > 0, welche zur Freilage xF hin gerichtet ist. Die parasitäre Kraft FP ist bspw. eine maximale Kraft, welche auf das Sperrelement wirkt, wenn es durch äussere Einwirkung in Resonanzschwingung versetzt wird. In diesem Beispiel wird angenommen, dass Fp von x unabhängig sei. Der parasitären Kraft Fp wirkt das Verriegelungssystem mit einer maximalen Gegenkraft FG < 0 entgegen. Die resultierende Kraft auf das Sperrelement ist also Fres = FG + FP. Ist nun, wie im einfachen Beispiel von Fig. 1, FP > |FG|, so wird Fres > 0. Dies bedeutet, dass das Sperrelement zur Freilage xF hin beschleunigt wird. Mit anderen Worten: Wenn die äussere Einwirkung nur genug lange anhält, so vermag sie die Verriegelungsvorrichtung zu öffnen. FIG. 1 shows a force / displacement diagram for a locking device according to the prior art. An undesired parasitic force F P > 0, which is directed towards the exposure x F , now acts on the blocking element. The parasitic force F P is, for example, a maximum force which acts on the blocking element when it is caused to resonate by external influences. In this example it is assumed that Fp is independent of x. The locking system counteracts the parasitic force Fp with a maximum counterforce F G <0. The resulting force on the locking element is therefore F res = F G + F P. If, as in the simple example of FIG. 1, F P > | F G |, then F res > 0. This means that the blocking element is accelerated towards exposure x F. In other words: if the external influence lasts only long enough, it can open the locking device.

Ganz anders sind die Verhältnisse in Figur 2, in welcher ein Kraft/Weg-Diagramm für eine erfindungsgemässe Verriegelungsvorrichtung dargestellt ist. Gemäss der Erfindung wirkt eine zusätzliche, durch Rückstellmittel ausgeübte Rückstellkraft FR(x) auf das Sperrelement. Die Rückstellkraft FR(x) ist zur Ruhelage x0 hin gerichtet, d. h. FR(x<x0) > 0, FR(x>x0) < 0, und verschwindet in der Rubelage, d. h. FR(x0) = 0. Im Beispiel von Fig. 2 gilt das Hookesche Gesetz FR(x) = kx, wobei k eine Federkonstante ist. Die resultierende Kraft auf das Sperrelement beträgt nun Fres = FG + FP + FR. Aus Fig. 2 ist ersichtlich, dass Fres nur bis zu einem Umkehrpunkt xU zur Freilage xF hin gerichtet ist, d. h. Fres(x<xU) > 0. Zwischen dem Umkehrpunkt xU und derThe situation in FIG. 2 is quite different, in which a force / displacement diagram for a locking device according to the invention is shown. According to the invention, an additional restoring force F R (x) exerted by restoring means acts on the locking element. The restoring force F R (x) is directed towards the rest position x 0 , ie F R (x <x 0 )> 0, F R (x> x 0 ) <0, and disappears in the ruble position, ie F R (x 0 ) = 0. In the example of FIG. 2, Hooke's law F R (x) = kx applies, where k is a spring constant. The resulting force on the locking element is now F res = F G + F P + F R. From Fig. 2 it can be seen that F res is directed only up to a reversal point x U to the exposure x F , ie F res (x <x U )> 0. Between the reversal point x U and the

Freilage xF ist Fres von der Freilage xF weg gerichtet, d. h. Fres(x>xU) < 0. Beim Anlegen einer parasitären Kraft Fp bewegt sich das Sperrelement also höchstens bis zum Umkehrpunkt xU, wo das Sperrelement den Schliesszylinder immer noch sperrt, und nicht weiter. Ein Öffnen der erfindungsgemässen Verriegelungsvorrichtung durch äussere Vibrations- und/oder Schockeinwirkungen ist demnach unmöglich.Exposure x F points F res away from exposure x F , ie F res (x> x U ) <0. When a parasitic force Fp is applied, the locking element moves at most to the reversal point x U , where the locking element always locks the locking cylinder still locks, and no further. An opening of the locking device according to the invention by external vibrations and / or shocks is therefore impossible.

Während in den Figuren 1 und 2 auf das Sperrelement wirkende Kräfte betrachtet wurden, zeigt Figur 3 die Arbeit W(x), die nötig ist, um das Sperrelement von einem Ort x < xF bis zur Freilage xF zu bewegen. Bezüglich der wirkenden Kräfte wurden dieselben Annahmen getroffen wie in den Figuren 1 bzw. 2. Die Kurve W1(x) entspricht der Situation von Fig. 1, also dem Stand der Technik, wo Fres von x unabhängig ist. In diesem Fall nimmt die zum Öffnen benötigte Arbeit W1(x) linear mit x ab. Die Kurve W2(x) entspricht der Situation von Fig. 2, also der Erfindung, wo Fres linear von x abhängt. In diesem Fall hängt die zum Öffnen benötigte Arbeit W2(x) quadratisch von x ab. Die wichtigste Aussage von Fig. 3 ist, dass die zum Öffnen benötigte Arbeit W(x) bei der erfindungsgemässen Verriegelungsvorrichtung grösser (oder höchstens gleich) ist als bei einer Verriegelungsvorrichtung gemäss Stand der Technik: W2(x) > W1(x) für xS < x < xF. Für gewisse x wird bei der erfindungsgemässen Verriegelungsvorrichtung eine zwei- bis dreimal so grosse Arbeit zum Öffnen benötigt wie bei bekannten Verriegelungsvorrichtungen. Dies zeigt, wie wirksam die Erfindung ein unerwünschtes Öffnen durch äussere Einflüsse verhindert. While forces acting on the locking element were considered in FIGS. 1 and 2, FIG. 3 shows the work W (x) which is necessary to move the locking element from a location x <x F to the exposure x F. With regard to the acting forces, the same assumptions were made as in FIGS. 1 and 2. The curve W 1 (x) corresponds to the situation in FIG. 1, that is to say the prior art, where F res is independent of x. In this case, the work W 1 (x) required for opening decreases linearly with x. The curve W 2 (x) corresponds to the situation in FIG. 2, that is to say the invention, where F res is linearly dependent on x. In this case, the work W 2 (x) required for opening depends quadratically on x. The most important statement from FIG. 3 is that the work W (x) required for opening is greater (or at most the same) in the locking device according to the invention than in a locking device according to the prior art: W 2 (x)> W 1 (x) for x S <x <x F. For certain x, two to three times as much work is required to open the locking device according to the invention as in known locking devices. This shows how effectively the invention prevents unwanted opening due to external influences.

Sollte festgestellt werden, dass die durch die Kurve W2(x) gegebene Schwelle für bestimmte parasitäre Kräfte zu niedrig ist, so kann die Kurve W2(x) durch geeignete Massnahmen weiter erhöht werden.If it is found that the threshold given by curve W 2 (x) is too low for certain parasitic forces, curve W 2 (x) can be increased further by suitable measures.

Die Figuren 2 und 3 zeigen einen Spezialfall, weil die Ruhelage x0 in der Mitte zwischen der Sperrlage xS und der Freilage xF liegt. Dies muss natürlich nicht so sein. Die erfindungsgemässe Verriegelungsvorrichtung könnte beispielsweise so konzipiert werden, dass sich die Ruhelage x0 jenseits der Sperrlage xS befindet, d. h. x0 < xS. In diesem Fall wäre die Rückstellkraft FR in allen Positionen des Sperrelementes von der Freilage weg gerichtet, d. h. FR(x<xF) < 0, Der Umkehrpunkt xU in Fig. 2 würde sich in noch grösserer Entfernung von der Freilage xF befinden, und die Differenz zwischen den benötigten Arbeiten W1(x), W2(x) in Fig. 3 wäre noch grösser. Deshalb könnte eine solche Ausführungsform vorteilhaft sein.Figures 2 and 3 show a special case because the rest position x 0 lies in the middle between the blocked position x S and the free position x F. Of course, this does not have to be the case. The locking device according to the invention could, for example, be designed such that the rest position x 0 is beyond the blocked position x S , ie x 0 <x S. In this case, the restoring force F R would be directed away from the exposure in all positions of the locking element, ie F R (x <x F ) <0. The reversal point x U in FIG. 2 would be at a greater distance from the exposure x F would be, and the difference between the required work W 1 (x), W 2 (x) in Fig. 3 would be even greater. Such an embodiment could therefore be advantageous.

Figur 4 zeigt schematisch einen Teil einer erfindungsgemässen Verriegelungsvorrichtung. Ein Schliesszylinder 12 beinhaltet einen Rotor 1 und einen den Rotor 1 umgebenden Stator 6. Der Rotor 1 ist mit einer Bohrung 11.1 versehen, mit welcher eine Durchtrittssöffnung 11.2 des Stators 6 kommuniziert. Ein als Zuhaltungsstift ausgebildetes Sperrelement 2 durchsetzt die Bohrung 11.1 und die Durchtrittsöffnung 11.2 und ist im wesentlichen in radialer Richtung x bewegbar. Solange sich ein Endstück 21 des Sperrelementes 2 in der Bohrung 11.1 befindet, ist der Rotor 1 gesperrt, d. h. Rotor 1 und Stator 6 sind gegenseitig durch das Sperrelement verriegelt. Dies gilt für alle Positionen x < xF des Sperrelementes 2. Nur in einer Freilage xF befindet sich das Sperrelement 2 ausserhalb des Rotors 1, so dass der Rotor 1 gegenüber dem Stator 6 frei beweglich ist. Figure 4 shows schematically part of a locking device according to the invention. A locking cylinder 12 contains a rotor 1 and a stator 6 surrounding the rotor 1. The rotor 1 is provided with a bore 11.1, with which a passage opening 11.2 of the stator 6 communicates. A locking element 2 designed as a tumbler pin passes through the bore 11.1 and the passage opening 11.2 and is essentially movable in the radial direction x. As long as an end piece 21 of the locking element 2 is in the bore 11.1, the rotor 1 is locked, ie the rotor 1 and the stator 6 are mutually locked by the locking element. This applies to all positions x <x F of the blocking element 2. Only in an exposure x F is the blocking element 2 outside the rotor 1, so that the rotor 1 can move freely with respect to the stator 6.

Schematisch sind in Fig. 4 Antriebsmittel 9 eingezeichnet. Diese können eine Arbeitskraft FA am Sperrelement 2 ausüben, mittels welcher das Sperrelement 2 reversibel von der Sperrlage xS in die Freilage xF und umgekehrt überführbar ist. Solche Antriebsmittel 9 können bspw. als Elektromotor, als Elektromagnet etc. ausgebildet sein. Sie werden vorzugsweise elektrisch betätigt, wobei ihre Funktion durch das Einstecken bzw. Herausziehen eines (in Fig. 4 nicht eingezeichneten) zutrittsberechtigten Schlüssels aktiviert wird. Zur Energieversorgung der Antriebsrnittel 9 kann bspw. eine (nicht eingezeichnete) Batterie vorgesehen sein.4 drive means 9 are shown schematically. These can exert a worker F A on the blocking element 2, by means of which the blocking element 2 can be reversibly transferred from the blocking position x S to the free position x F and vice versa. Such drive means 9 can be designed, for example, as an electric motor, as an electromagnet, etc. They are preferably operated electrically, their function being activated by inserting or withdrawing an access-authorized key (not shown in FIG. 4). For example, a battery (not shown) can be provided to supply power to the drive means 9.

Eine Feder symbolisiert in Fig. 4 Rückstellmittel 3. Die Rückstellmittel sind einerseits mit einem relativ zum Stator 6 unbeweglichen Träger 31 und andererseits mit dem Sperrelement 2 verbunden. Sie üben eine von der Freilage xF weg gerichtete Rückstellkraft FR auf das Sperrelement 2 aus, wenn sich das Sperrelement 2 zwischen der Freilage xF und einer Ruhelage x0 befindet. Am Sperrelement 2 können Antriebsmittel 9 mit einer Arbeitskraft FA wirken, um das Sperrelement 2 kontrolliert von der Sperrlage xS in die Freilage xF oder umgekehrt überzuführen.A spring symbolizes restoring means 3 in FIG. 4. The restoring means are connected on the one hand to a carrier 31 which is immovable relative to the stator 6 and on the other hand to the locking element 2. They exert a restoring force F R directed away from the exposure x F on the locking element 2 when the locking element 2 is located between the exposure x F and a rest position x 0 . Drive means 9 can act on the locking element 2 with a worker F A in order to transfer the locking element 2 in a controlled manner from the locking position x S to the free position x F or vice versa.

Mit den Antriebsmitteln 9 sind Führungsmittel 5 verbunden. Diese führen das Sperrelement 2, indem sie seine Lage eindeutig bestimmen. Dadurch wird verhindert, dass das Sperrelement 2 an den Rückstellmitteln 3 unter Einwirkung einer von aussen am Schloss angelegten Vibration in Resonanzschwingungen versetzt werden kann. Mit anderen Worten: Durch die Führungsmittel 5 werden frei schwingende Massen vermieden. Guide means 5 are connected to the drive means 9. These lead it Blocking element 2 by clearly determining its position. This will prevents the blocking element 2 from acting on the resetting means 3 a vibration from outside the lock in resonant vibrations can be moved. In other words: through the management means 5 free-swinging masses are avoided.

In den folgenden Figuren 5 und 11-13 sind schematisch verschiedene Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemässen Verriegelungsvorrichtung dargestellt. Sie unterscheiden sich hauptsächlich durch ihre Führungsmittel.Various embodiments are shown schematically in the following FIGS. 5 and 11-13 shown the locking device according to the invention. They differ mainly in their management tools.

Figur 5 zeigt eine erste, bevorzugte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemässen Verriegelungsvorrichtung. Das Sperrelement 2 ist als Zuhaltungsstift ausgebildet, welcher in einem Schliesszylinder im wesentlichen in radialer Richtung bewegbar ist. Das Sperrelement 2 durchsetzt eine mit einer Bohrung 11.1 des Rotors 1 kommunizierende Durchtrittsöffnung 11.2 des Stators 6 und taucht in der Sperrlage in die Bohrung 11.1 ein. Wenn sich das Endstück 21 des Zuhaltungsstiftes 2 hingegen weiter aussen, vollständig im Stator 6, befindet, so ist der Rotor 1 ungehindert drehbar (vorausgesetzt, dass auch eventuelle mechanisch gesteuerte Sperrelemente den Rotor freigeben). FIG. 5 shows a first, preferred embodiment of the locking device according to the invention. The locking element 2 is designed as a tumbler pin which can be moved essentially in the radial direction in a locking cylinder. The blocking element 2 passes through a passage opening 11.2 of the stator 6 which communicates with a bore 11.1 of the rotor 1 and dips into the bore 11.1 in the blocked position. If, however, the end piece 21 of the tumbler pin 2 is further outside, completely in the stator 6, the rotor 1 can be rotated freely (provided that any mechanically controlled locking elements also release the rotor).

Als Antriebsmittel dient in dieser Ausführungsform ein Elektromotor 9 mit einer Antriebswelle 91. Das durch den Elektromotor 9 erzeugte und durch die Antriebswelle 91 übertragene Drehmoment ist in die für die reversible Bewegung des Zuhaltungsstiftes 2 benötigte Arbeitskraft FA umwandelbar. Diese Umwandlung wird durch ein Gewinde 53, welches drehfest mit der Antriebswelle verbunden ist, bewerkstelligt.In this embodiment, an electric motor 9 with a drive shaft 91 serves as the drive means. The torque generated by the electric motor 9 and transmitted by the drive shaft 91 can be converted into the working force F A required for the reversible movement of the tumbler pin 2. This conversion is accomplished by a thread 53, which is connected to the drive shaft in a rotationally fixed manner.

Mit dem Zuhaltungsstift 2 ist in diesem Beispiel ein Kraftübertragungsmittel 4 verbunden, durch welches die Arbeitskraft FA und/oder die Rückstellkraft FR von den Antriebsmitteln 9 bzw. von Rückstellmitteln 3 auf den Zuhaltungsstift 2 übertragbar ist. Das Kraftübertragungsmittel 4 ist bspw. als Hebel ausgebildet. Die Verbindung zwischen dem Zuhaltungsstift 2 und dem Hebel 4 kann formschlüssig, bspw. mittels eines Loches 22 im Zuhaltungsstift 2, durch welches der Hebel 4 im wesentlichen senkrecht geführt ist, realisiert werden.In this example, a force transmission means 4 is connected to the tumbler pin 2, by means of which the working force F A and / or the restoring force F R can be transmitted from the drive means 9 or from resetting means 3 to the tumbler pin 2. The force transmission means 4 is designed, for example, as a lever. The connection between the tumbler pin 2 and the lever 4 can be realized in a form-fitting manner, for example by means of a hole 22 in the tumbler pin 2, through which the lever 4 is guided essentially vertically.

Das Rückstellmittel ist in dieser Ausführungsform eine Schraubenfeder 3. Die Schraubenfeder 3 drückt ein erstes Ende 41 des Hebels 4 an einen Träger 31. Der Hebel 4 ist um einen Drehpunkt P des Trägers 31 drehbar (aber nicht notwendigerweise im Drehpunkt P befestigt), so dass er als zweiseitiger Hebel die Rückstellkraft FR der Schraubenfeder 3 auf den Zuhaltungsstift 2 überträgt.The restoring means in this embodiment is a helical spring 3. The helical spring 3 presses a first end 41 of the lever 4 against a carrier 31. The lever 4 is rotatable (but not necessarily fastened in the pivot point P) about a pivot point P of the carrier 31, so that it transmits the restoring force F R of the coil spring 3 to the tumbler pin 2 as a two-sided lever.

Ein zweites, geführtes Ende 42 des Hebels 4 wird vom Gewinde 53 als Führungsmittel formschlüssig im wesentlichen ohne Spiel geführt bzw. gehalten. Das Gewinde 53 ist in dieser Ausführungsform als eingängiges Aussengewinde mit mehreren die Antriebswelle 91 umgebenden Windungen ausgebildet. Mittels Rotation des Gewindes 53 mit mehreren Umdrehungen kann das geführte Ende 42 des Hebels 4 zum ersten Ende 53.1 oder zum zweiten Ende 53.2 des Gewindes 53 hin bewegt werden. Entsprechend wird durch Hebelwirkung auch der Zuhaltungsstift 2 radial bewegt; je nach seiner Lage ist der Rotor 1 bezüglich des Stators 6 gesperrt oder frei. In Fig. 5 ist der Zuhaltungsstift 2 in einer Lage eingezeichnet, in welcher er den Rotor 1 sperrt. Dreht sich das Gewinde 53 in die mit einem Pfeil 92 bezeichnete Richtung, so bewegt sich der Zuhaltungsstift in die mit einem Pfeil 23 bezeichnete Richtung im wesentlichen radial nach aussen gegen die Freilage hin.A second, guided end 42 of the lever 4 is the thread 53 as a guide positively guided or held essentially without play. In this embodiment, the thread 53 is a one-way external thread with a plurality of turns surrounding the drive shaft 91. Means Rotation of the thread 53 with several turns can the guided End 42 of the lever 4 to the first end 53.1 or to the second end 53.2 of the Thread 53 are moved. Accordingly, through leverage the tumbler pin 2 moves radially; depending on its position, the rotor is 1 locked or free with respect to the stator 6. In Fig. 5 the tumbler pin 2 in drawn in a position in which it blocks the rotor 1. Does that turn Thread 53 in the direction indicated by an arrow 92 moves the tumbler pin in the direction indicated by an arrow 23 essentially radially outwards against the exposure.

In Sperrlage befindet sich das geführte Ende 42 des Hebels 4 am ersten Ende 53.1 des Gewindes 53, und der Zuhaltungsstift 2 ist weit in den Rotor 1 hinein versenkt. In Ruhelage befindet sich das geführte Ende 42 des Hebels 4 in der Mitte des Gewindes 53, und der Zuhaltungsstift 2 blockiert immer noch den Rotor 1. In Freilage befindet sich das geführte Ende 42 des Hebels 4 am zweiten Ende 53.2 des Gewindes 53, und der Rotor 1 ist nun frei. Die Enden 53.1, 53.2 des Gewindes 53 sind also der Sperrlage bzw. der Freilage zugeordnet.In the locked position, the guided end 42 of the lever 4 is at the first end 53.1 of the thread 53, and the tumbler pin 2 is far into the rotor 1 sunk. In the rest position, the guided end 42 of the lever 4 is in the Center of the thread 53, and the tumbler pin 2 still blocks the Rotor 1. In the free position, the guided end 42 of the lever 4 is on second end 53.2 of the thread 53, and the rotor 1 is now free. The ends 53.1, 53.2 of the thread 53 are therefore assigned to the blocking position or the free position.

Sowohl in Sperr- als auch in Freilage kann sich das Gewinde 53 weiterdrehen, ohne dass dies irgendwelche Konsequenzen für die Lage des Zuhaltungsstiftes 2 hätte; dies hat den Vorteil, dass der Antriebsmotor nicht exakt beim Erreichen der jeweiligen Endlage abgestellt werden muss. Das geführte Ende 42 des Hebels 4 bleibt am jeweiligen Ende 53.1, 53.2 des Gewindes 53 und führt während einer Gewindeumdrehung höchstens eine kleine Auf- und Abbewegung aus. Wird jedoch die Drehrichtung des Gewindes 53 bzw. des Antriebsmotors in einer solchen Lage 53.1, 53.2 umgekehrt, so wird das geführte Ende 42 des Hebels 4 durch die Rückstellkraft FR wieder ins Gewinde 53 hineingezwungen. Um diese vorteilhafte Wirkung zu erzielen, muss die Ruhelage zwischen der Sperrlage und der Freilage liegen.The thread 53 can continue to rotate both in the locked position and in the open position, without this having any consequences for the position of the tumbler pin 2; This has the advantage that the drive motor does not have to be switched off exactly when the respective end position is reached. The guided end 42 of the lever 4 remains at the respective end 53.1, 53.2 of the thread 53 and performs at most one small up and down movement during one thread revolution. However, if the direction of rotation of the thread 53 or the drive motor is reversed in such a position 53.1, 53.2, the guided end 42 of the lever 4 is forced back into the thread 53 by the restoring force F R. In order to achieve this advantageous effect, the rest position must lie between the blocked position and the open position.

Durch äussere Vibrations- oder Schockeinwirkungen lässt sich zwar der Zuhaltungsstift 2 unter Umständen von der Sperrlage in die Ruhelage bringen; auch dann ist der Rotor 1 noch blockiert. Es ist aber bei der erfindungsgemässen Verriegelungsvorrichtung nicht möglich, den Zuhaltungsstift 2 durch Vibrations- oder Schockeinwirkungen weiter aus der Ruhelage in die Freilage zu bringen, weil die Kraft FR der Rückstellmittel 3 einer solchen Bewegung rückstellend entgegenwirkt. Die Rückstellkraft FR ist sogar umso grösser, je weiter sich der Zuhaltungsstift 2 von der Ruhelage zur Freilage hin bewegt, was die Sicherheit noch erhöht. The tumbler pin 2 can be brought from the blocking position into the rest position under certain circumstances by external vibrations or shocks; even then the rotor 1 is still blocked. However, in the locking device according to the invention, it is not possible to bring the tumbler pin 2 further from the rest position into the free position by the action of vibrations or shocks, because the force F R of the restoring means 3 counteracts such a movement. The restoring force F R is even greater the further the tumbler pin 2 moves from the rest position to the open position, which further increases safety.

Die Figuren 6, 7 bzw. 8 zeigen in perspektivischer Ansicht einen Antriebsmotor 9, das Gewinde 53 mit seinen Enden 53.1, 53.2, die Antriebswelle 91 und den Hebel 4 mit seinem geführten Ende 42 der Ausführungsform von Fig. 5 in Sperrlage, in Ruhelage bzw. in Freilage. Figures 6, 7 and 8 show a perspective view of a drive motor 9, the thread 53 with its ends 53.1, 53.2, the drive shaft 91 and the lever 4 with its guided end 42 of the embodiment of FIG. 5 in the locked position, in the rest position or in the open.

Die Figuren 9 und 10 zeigen Details von Varianten der Ausführungsform von Fig. 5, nämlich leicht verschiedene Arten, das geführte Ende 42 des Hebels 4 entlang eines Gewindes zu führen.FIGS. 9 and 10 show details of variants of the embodiment of FIG. 5, namely slightly different ways of guiding the guided end 42 of the lever 4 along a thread.

In Figur 9 greift das geführte Ende 42 des Hebels 4 nicht direkt in ein Gewinde ein, sondern wird von einer Nut 54.1 in einer Schraubenmutter 54 formschlüssig geführt bzw. gehalten. Die Schraubenmutter 54 ihrerseits wird von einem entsprechenden Schraubengewinde 52 auf und ab bewegt. Die übrigen Elemente der Verriegelungsvorrichtung gemäss Fig. 6 können gleich gestaltet und angeordnet sein wie in Fig. 5.In FIG. 9 , the guided end 42 of the lever 4 does not engage directly in a thread, but is guided or held in a form-fitting manner by a groove 54.1 in a screw nut 54. The screw nut 54 in turn is moved up and down by a corresponding screw thread 52. The other elements of the locking device according to FIG. 6 can be designed and arranged in the same way as in FIG. 5.

In Figur 10 ist das Gewinde 53 durch die Antriebswelle 91 umgebende Windungen 53' ersetzt, welche mit der Antriebswelle 91 bspw. nur an einem ersten Ende 53.1' und einem zweiten Ende 53.2' verbunden sind. Die Windungen 53' können bspw. durch als Platten ausgebildete Begrenzungen 51.1, 51.2 begrenzt sein.In FIG. 10 , the thread 53 is replaced by turns 53 'surrounding the drive shaft 91, which are connected to the drive shaft 91, for example, only at a first end 53.1' and a second end 53.2 '. The windings 53 'can be delimited, for example, by limits 51.1, 51.2 formed as plates.

Eine andere Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemässen Verriegelungsvorrichtung zeigt Figur 11. Der Hebel 4 als Kraftübertragungsmittel wird von einer (perspektivisch dargestellten) Spirale 55 als Führungsmittel geführt, indem das zweite Ende 42 des Hebels 4 formschlüssig zwischen die Spiralwindungen greift. Die Spirale 55 ihrerseits wird über eine Welle 91 von einem (nicht eingezeichneten) Motor gedreht. In Sperrlage befindet sich das geführte Ende 42 des Hebels 4 in der Nähe der Welle 91. Wird die Spirale 55 vom Motor in der entsprechenden Richtung (angedeutet durch einen Pfeil 92) gedreht, so drückt sie das geführte Ende 42 des Hebels 4 von der Welle 91 weg nach aussen. Nach mehreren Motorumdrehungen wird die Freilage erreicht. In Freilage befindet sich das geführte Ende 42 des Hebels 4 am äusseren Umfang der Spirale 55. Auch hier muss die Drehung des Motors nicht sofort aufhören, wenn die jeweils angestrebte Lage erreicht ist.Another embodiment of the locking device according to the invention is shown in FIG . 11 . The lever 4 as a force transmission means is guided by a (shown in perspective) spiral 55 as a guide means in that the second end 42 of the lever 4 engages in a form-fitting manner between the spiral windings. The spiral 55 in turn is rotated by a motor (not shown) via a shaft 91. In the locked position, the guided end 42 of the lever 4 is in the vicinity of the shaft 91. If the spiral 55 is rotated by the motor in the corresponding direction (indicated by an arrow 92), it pushes the guided end 42 of the lever 4 off the shaft 91 away to the outside. The exposure is reached after several engine revolutions. In the open position, the guided end 42 of the lever 4 is located on the outer circumference of the spiral 55. Again, the rotation of the motor does not have to stop immediately when the desired position is reached.

In der Ausführungsform von Figur 12 sind die Führungsmittel für den Hebel 4 bzw. den elektronisch gesteuerten Zuhaltungsstift 2 ein Zahnrad bzw. Ritzel 56.1 mit einem Zahnradsegment 56.2. Das Zahnrad bzw. Ritzel 56.1 ist mit einem am geführten Ende 42 des Hebels 4 befestigten Zahnradsegment 56.2 verzahnt. Ein (in Fig. 12 nicht eingezeichneter) Motor treibt über eine Welle 91 das Zahnrad 56.1 an und bewegt bzw. kontrolliert somit den Zuhaltungsstift 2. Die Übersetzung von Zahnrad 56.1 zu Zahnradsegment 56.2 wird vorzugsweise gross gewählt, so dass mehrere Motorumdrehungen nötig sind, um den Zuhaltungsstift 2 von der Sperrlage in die Freilage überzuführen.In the embodiment of FIG. 12 , the guide means for the lever 4 or the electronically controlled tumbler pin 2 are a gearwheel or pinion 56.1 with a gearwheel segment 56.2. The gearwheel or pinion 56.1 is toothed with a gearwheel segment 56.2 fastened to the guided end 42 of the lever 4. A motor (not shown in FIG. 12) drives the gear 56.1 via a shaft 91 and thus moves or controls the tumbler pin 2. The ratio of gear 56.1 to gear segment 56.2 is preferably chosen to be large, so that several motor revolutions are necessary in order to to transfer the tumbler pin 2 from the locked position to the open position.

Eine weitere Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemässen Verriegelungsvorrichtung ist schematisch in Figur 13 dargestellt. Hier sind die Führungsmittel ein Spannband bzw. ein Spanndraht 57.1, an dem das geführte Ende 42 des Hebels 4 befestigt ist. Das Spannband bzw. der Spanndraht 57.1 ist ein- oder mehrmals um eine Rolle 57.2 gewickelt und wird durch Haftreibung gezwungen, Rotationen der Rolle 57.2 mitzumachen. Die Rolle 57.2 wird über eine Welle 57.3 von einem (nicht eingezeichneten) Motor angetrieben. Der Umfang der Rolle 57.2 wird vorzugsweise klein gegenüber der Länge des Spannbandes bzw. des Spanndrahtes 57.1 gewählt, so dass mehrere Rollenumdrehungen nötig sind, um den Zuhaltungsstift 2 von der Sperrlage in die Freilage überzuführen.Another embodiment of the locking device according to the invention is shown schematically in FIG . Here, the guide means are a tension band or a tension wire 57.1, to which the guided end 42 of the lever 4 is fastened. The tensioning band or the tensioning wire 57.1 is wound one or more times around a roller 57.2 and is forced by static friction to take part in rotations of the roller 57.2. The roller 57.2 is driven by a motor (not shown) via a shaft 57.3. The circumference of the roller 57.2 is preferably chosen to be small compared to the length of the tensioning band or the tensioning wire 57.1, so that several roller revolutions are necessary in order to transfer the tumbler pin 2 from the locked position into the open position.

In Fig. 13 sind die Kraftübertragungsmittel 4 selbst federnd, bspw. als Blattfeder, ausgebildet. Das erste Ende 41 des Hebels 4 ist fest im Träger 31 eingespannt. In diesem Fall wirkt die Blattfeder bzw. der Hebel 4 gleichzeitig als Kraftübertragungsmittel und als Rückstellmittel. Selbstverständlich sind auch Kombinationen dieser Ausführungsform mit der als Schraubenfeder ausgebildeten Rückstellmitteln der Figuren 5, 11 oder 12 möglich. Eine solche Variante zeigt Figur 14. Hier ist das erste Ende 41 des Hebels 4 fest im Träger 31 eingespannt, und es wirken zwei Schraubenfedern 31., 3.2 als Rückstellmittel auf den Hebel 4.In FIG. 13, the force transmission means 4 are themselves resilient, for example as a leaf spring. The first end 41 of the lever 4 is firmly clamped in the carrier 31. In this case, the leaf spring or the lever 4 acts simultaneously as a force transmission means and as a restoring means. Of course, combinations of this embodiment are also possible with the restoring means of FIGS. 5, 11 or 12 designed as a helical spring. FIG . 14 shows such a variant. Here, the first end 41 of the lever 4 is firmly clamped in the carrier 31, and two coil springs 31, 3.2 act as a restoring means on the lever 4.

Figur 15 zeigt in einer perspektivischen, teilweise offengelegten Ansicht eine erste Ausführungsform eines Schliessmoduls 10 bzw. einen Teil eines Schlosses mit einer erfindugsgemässen Verriegelungsvorrichtung, eingebaut in einer (nicht eingezeichneten) Tür. Das Schliessmodul 10 weist einen doppelten Schliesszylinder 12 auf, wobei ein erster Teilzylinder 12.1 gegen eine Türaussenseite 61 und ein zweiter Teilzylinder 12.2 gegen eine Türinnenseite 62 gerichtet ist. Der erste Teilzylinder 12.1 enthält einen mechanischen Abschnitt 13.1 und einen elektronischen Abschnitt 13.2; diese beiden Abschnitte 13.1, 13.2 können auch ineinander übergehen und müssen nicht klar voneinander abgegrenzt sein. In einem Rotor 1 ist eine gegen eine Türaussenseite 61 gerichtete Schlüsselöffnung 14 angebracht. Ein elektrisches Kabel 16 verbindet das Schliessmodul 10 mit einem (nicht eingezeichneten) schlosseitigen Elektronikmodul und dient der elektrischen Übertragung von Energie zur Betätigung der Antriebsmittel 9 und/oder von Information. Zwischen dem ersten Teilzylinder 12.1 und dem zweiten Teilzylinder 12.2 befindet sich ein Schliessbart 17 zur Betätigung eines (nicht eingezeichneten) Türschlosses. Aus der Türinnenseite 62 kann bspw. ein Drehknopf 18 herausragen; in einer anderen Variante kann aber auch auf der Türinnenseite 62 mit einer Schlüsselöffnung versehen sein. Das Schloss kann mit einer auf der Türaussenseite 61 angebrachten Schlossplatte 63 geschützt sein. FIG. 15 shows a perspective, partially disclosed view of a first embodiment of a locking module 10 or part of a lock with a locking device according to the invention, installed in a door (not shown). The locking module 10 has a double locking cylinder 12, a first partial cylinder 12.1 being directed against an outside of the door 61 and a second partial cylinder 12.2 against an inside of the door 62. The first partial cylinder 12.1 contains a mechanical section 13.1 and an electronic section 13.2; these two sections 13.1, 13.2 can also merge into one another and do not have to be clearly delimited from one another. A key opening 14 directed against an outside of the door 61 is provided in a rotor 1. An electrical cable 16 connects the locking module 10 to an electronic module (not shown) on the lock side and serves for the electrical transmission of energy for actuating the drive means 9 and / or information. Between the first part cylinder 12.1 and the second part cylinder 12.2 there is a locking beard 17 for actuating a door lock (not shown). For example, a knob 18 can protrude from inside the door 62; in another variant, a key opening can also be provided on the inside of the door 62. The lock can be protected with a lock plate 63 attached to the outside of the door 61.

Weiter weist das in Fig. 15 dargestellte Schliessmodul einen Kragen 15 auf, in welchem die erfindungsgemässe elektronisch gesteuerte Verriegelungsvorrichtung untergebracht sein kann. In dieser Variante ist der (gestrichelt angedeutete) Elektromotor 9 am Umfang des Schliesszylinders 12 angeordnet und seine Antriebswelle 91 verläuft im wesentlichen senkrecht zur Längsrichtung des Schliesszylinders 12. In einer anderen Variante kann der Elektormotor 9' bzw. 9" in einem Steg 19, bspw. im Bereich des ersten Teilzylinders 12.1 bzw. des zweiten Teilzylinders 12.2, untergebracht sein. Dann ist der Elektromotor 9' bzw. 9" ebenfalls am Umfang des Schliesszylinders 12 angeordnet, wobei aber seine Antriebswelle 91' bzw. 91" im wesentlichen parallel zur Längsrichtung des Schliesszylinders 12 verläuft. Einige Elemente der elektronisch gesteuerten Verriegelungsvorrichtung sind der Einfachheit halber in Fig. 15 nicht eingezeichnet.15 also has a collar 15, in which the electronically controlled locking device according to the invention can be accommodated. In this variant, the (indicated by dashed lines) Electric motor 9 arranged on the circumference of the lock cylinder 12 and its drive shaft 91 runs essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the locking cylinder 12. In another variant, the electric motor 9 ' or 9 "in a web 19, for example in the area of the first partial cylinder 12.1 or of the second partial cylinder 12.2. Then the electric motor 9 'or 9 "also arranged on the circumference of the locking cylinder 12, wherein but its drive shaft 91 'or 91 "substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the lock cylinder 12 runs. Some elements of the electronically controlled Locking devices are shown in Fig. 15 for simplicity not shown.

Ein Schlüssel 7 mit einem Schlüsselkopf 73 und einem Schlüsselbart 75 ist in die Schlüsselöffnung 14 einführbar. Er enthält, bspe. auf dem Schlüsselbart 75, elektrische Kontakte 71 zur Datenübertragung vom Schlüssel 7 in den elektronischen Abschnitt 13.2 des ersten Teilzylinders 12.1. Eventuelle elektronische Bauteile und/oder integrierte Schaltkreise 74 können bspw. im Schlüsselbart 75 oder im Schlüsselkopf 73 untergebracht sein. Weiter kann der Schlüssel 7 mit mechanischen Kodierungen 72 auf dem Schlüsselbart 75 versehen sein.A key 7 with a key head 73 and a key bit 75 is shown in FIG the key opening 14 insertable. It contains, for example. on the key bit 75, electrical contacts 71 for data transmission from the key 7 in the electronic Section 13.2 of the first partial cylinder 12.1. Any electronic Components and / or integrated circuits 74 can, for example, in the key bit 75 or be housed in the key head 73. The key can continue 7 provided with mechanical coding 72 on the key bit 75 his.

Figur 16 zeigt eine von Fig. 15 leicht verschiedene Ausführungsform eines Schliessmoduls 10. Hier ist der Steg 19 nur kurz, so dass das Schliessmodul 10 anderen Einbaunormen entspricht.FIG. 16 shows an embodiment of a locking module 10 that is slightly different from FIG. 15. Here, the web 19 is only short, so that the locking module 10 corresponds to other installation standards.

In Figur 17 ist ein Querschnitt durch den Kragen 15 von Fig. 15 oder 16 dargestellt. Die in Fig. 15 dargestellte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemässen Verriegelungsvorrichtung entspricht im wesentlichen derjenigen von Fig. 5. Der Schliesszylinder 12 besteht aus einem Stator 6 und einem darin drehbar gelagerten Rotor 1. Ein elektronisch gesteuerter Zuhaltungsstift 2 wird über ein als Führungsmittel wirkendes Gewinde 53 und einen Hebel 4 von einem Elektromotor 9 bewegt. Zwischen den Elektromotor 9 und das Gewinde 53 ist ein Zahnradvorgelege 93 mit bspw. zwei ineinandergreifenden Zahnrädern 93.1, 93.2 geschaltet. Ein solches Zahnradvorgelege 93 kann vorteilhaft sein. wenn das Gewinde 53 aus geometrischen Gründen, bspw. wegen engen Platzverhältnissen, nicht direkt an einer Antriebswelle 91.1 des Elektromotors 9 befestigt werden kann, sondern eine eigene Antriebswelle 91.2 hat. Es kann auch Kraft bzw. Drehzahl des Elektromotors 9 in für das Gewinde 53 geeigneter Weise anpassen.FIG. 17 shows a cross section through the collar 15 from FIG. 15 or 16. The embodiment of the locking device according to the invention shown in FIG. 15 corresponds essentially to that of FIG. 5. The locking cylinder 12 consists of a stator 6 and a rotor 1 rotatably mounted therein. An electronically controlled tumbler pin 2 is connected via a thread 53 acting as a guide means and one Lever 4 moved by an electric motor 9. Between the electric motor 9 and the thread 53, a gear train 93 with, for example, two intermeshing gear wheels 93.1, 93.2 is connected. Such a gear train 93 can be advantageous. if the thread 53 cannot be fastened directly to a drive shaft 91.1 of the electric motor 9 for geometric reasons, for example because of the limited space available, but instead has its own drive shaft 91.2. It can also adjust the force or speed of the electric motor 9 in a suitable manner for the thread 53.

Der Hebel 4 dient als Kraftübertragungsmittel und ist an seinem nicht geführten Ende 41 mit einer Schraubenfeder 3 an das Gehäuse 31 des Schliessmoduls 15 angedrückt. Die Schraubenfeder 3 dient als Rückstellmittel. Der elektronisch gesteuerte Zuhaltungsstift 2 ist etwa in der Ruhelage eingezeichnet. The lever 4 serves as a power transmission means and is not guided on it End 41 with a coil spring 3 on the housing 31 of the locking module 15 pressed. The coil spring 3 serves as a restoring means. The electronically controlled tumbler pin 2 is located approximately in the rest position.

Der Hebel 4 ist ausser in der Ruhelage strichpunktiert auch in der Freilage (4') und in einer Extremlage (4") ausserhalb der Freilage eingezeichnet. In der Freilage gibt der Zuhaltungsstift 2 den Rotor 1 gegenüber dem Stator 6 frei. Wird dann der Rotor 1 gedreht, so drückt er den mit einem kegelförmigen Ende 2.1 versehenen Zuhaltungsstift 2 noch weiter nach aussen, wodurch der Hebel 4 seine Extremlage (4") erreicht. In dieser Extremlage befindet sich das zweite Ende 42 des Hebels 4 in einer Entfernung vom Gewinde 53, so dass das Gewinde 53 das Ende 42 nicht greifen kann, falls der Elektromotor 9 das Gewinde 53 in Rotation versetzen sollte. Durch diesen Aufbau wird die Fehlfunktion vermieden, bei welcher zwar das zweite Ende 42 des hebels 4 vom Gewinde 53 zum ersten Gewindeende 53.1 geführt würde, der Rotor 1 aber in einer Lage wäre, die es dem Zuhaltungsstift 2 nicht erlauben würde, in die Bohrung 11.1 einzutauchen und so der Bewegung des Hebels 4 zu folgen.In addition to the rest position, the lever 4 is dash-dotted in the free position (4 ') and in an extreme position (4 ") outside the exposure. In the Free, the tumbler pin 2 releases the rotor 1 relative to the stator 6. If rotor 1 is then rotated, it presses it with a conical one End 2.1 provided tumbler pin 2 further outwards, whereby the Lever 4 reaches its extreme position (4 "). This is in this extreme position second end 42 of the lever 4 at a distance from the thread 53 so that the thread 53 cannot grip the end 42 if the electric motor 9 does Thread 53 should set in rotation. This structure will cause the malfunction avoided, in which the second end 42 of the lever 4 from Thread 53 would be led to the first thread end 53.1, but the rotor 1 in would be a position that would not allow the tumbler pin 2 in the Dip hole 11.1 and follow the movement of lever 4.

Im Schliesszylinder 12 kann auch mindestens ein mechanisch gesteuerter Zuhaltungsstift 8 vorhanden sein, auf welchen eine vorgespannte Stiftfeder 81 wirkt. Der mechanisch gesteuerte Zuhaltungsstift 8 spielt mit einer entsprechenden mechanischen Kodierung 72 auf einem in den Schliesszylinder 12 eingeschobenen Schlüssel 7 zusammen. Selbstverständlich können mehrere mechanisch gesteuerte Zuhaltungsstifte vorhanden sein. Ebenso können mehrere elektronisch gesteuerte Sperrelemente vorhanden sein.At least one mechanically controlled can also be in the lock cylinder 12 Tumbler pin 8 is present, on which a preloaded pin spring 81 works. The mechanically controlled tumbler pin 8 plays with a corresponding one mechanical coding 72 on a in the lock cylinder 12th inserted key 7 together. Of course, several can mechanically controlled tumbler pins are available. Likewise, several electronically controlled locking elements are available.

Das Ausüben der Arbeitskraft zur Überführung des Sperrelementes 2 von der Sperriage in die Freilage wird durch ein Einschieben eines dem Schliesszylinder 12 zugeordneten Schlüssels 7 in den Rotor 1 oder eine Drehbewegung in bzw. mit dem Rotor 1 initiiert. Umgekehrt wird das Ausüben der Arbeitskraft zur Überführung des Sperrelementes 2 von der Freilage in die Sperrlage wird durch Herauszeihen des Schlüssels aus dem Rotor 1 initiiert.Exercising the worker to transfer the locking element 2 from the Blockage into the open position is achieved by inserting one of the locking cylinders 12 assigned key 7 in the rotor 1 or a rotary movement in or initiated with the rotor 1. The exercise of labor is reversed to transfer the locking element 2 from the free position to the locked position initiated by pulling the key out of the rotor 1.

Claims (19)

  1. Locking device for a lock cylinder (12) incorporating a rotor (1) and a stator (6),
    with at least one electronically controlled inhibiting element (2) through which the rotor (1) and stator (6) can be mutually locked, the electronically controlled inhibiting element (2) having at least one degree of freedom (x) of movement, inhibits the rotor (1) with respect to the stator (6) in an inhibit position (xS) and frees the rotor (1) in a free position (xF),
    with drive means (9) for exerting a working force (FA) on at least one electronically controlled inhibiting element (2), which working force (FA) transfers in reversible manner the at least one electronically controlled inhibiting element (2) from the inhibit position (xS) into the free position (xF) and vice versa and
    with restoring means (3), which are connected on the one hand to a support (31) immovable relative to the stator (6) and on the other hand to the at least one electronically controlled inhibiting element (2) and exert a restoring force (FR) directed away from the free position (xF) on the at least one electronically controlled inhibiting element (2), if the at least one electronically controlled inhibiting element (2) is in the vicinity of the free position (xF), with the at least one electronically controlled inhibiting element (2) inhibiting in the vicinity of the free position (xF),
       characterized in that guidance means (52-57) which are connected to the driving means (9) clearly determine the position of the at least one electronically controlled inhibiting element (2) at least outside the free position (xF).
  2. Locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one electronically controlled inhibiting element (2) has a rest position (x0), in which the restoring means (3) exert no force on the at least one electronically controlled inhibiting element (2) and in which the at least one electronically controlled inhibiting element (2) inhibits the lock cylinder.
  3. Locking device according to claim 2, characterized in that the restoring means (3) exert a restoring force (FR) directed away from the free position(xF) on the at least one electronically controlled inhibiting element (2), if the at least one electronically controlled inhibiting element (2) is located between the free position (xF) and the rest position (x0) and that the at least one electronically controlled inhibiting element (2) inhibits the lock cylinder (12) in the rest position (x0) and in positions between the rest position (x0) and the free position (xF).
  4. Locking device according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the at least one electronically controlled inhibiting element (2) traverses a passage opening (11.2) of the stator (6) communicating with a bore (11.1) of the rotor (1) and is inserted in the bore (11.1) in the inhibit position (xS).
  5. Locking device according to claim 4, characterized in that the at least one electronically controlled inhibiting element (2) is constructed as a tumbler pin movable substantially radially in the lock cylinder (12).
  6. Locking device according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the drive means are constructed as an electric motor (9) with a drive shaft (91), whose torque can be converted into the working force (FA) required for the reversible movement of the at least one electronically controlled inhibiting element (2).
  7. Locking device according to claim 6, characterized in that the electric motor (9) is located on the circumference of the lock cylinder (12) and its drive shaft (91) is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the lock cylinder (12).
  8. Locking device according to claim 6, characterized in that the electric motor (9) is located on the circumference of the lock cylinder (12) and its drive shaft (91) is substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the lock cylinder (12).
  9. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the guidance means are constructed as a thread (53) or turns (53'), as a screw thread (52) with a corresponding nut (54), as a spiral (55), as a toothed gear or pinion (56.1) or as tension belt or wire (57.1).
  10. Locking device according to claim 9, characterized in that the guidance means as a thread (53) or turns (53') are constructed with several turns surrounding the drive shaft (91) and that the ends (53.1, 53.2) of the thread (53) or turns (53') are associated with the inhibit position (xS) or free position (xF).
  11. Locking device according to one of the claims 1 to 10, characterized by force transfer means (4) connected to the at least one electronically controlled inhibiting element (2) and through which the working force (FA) and/or restoring force (FR) can be transferred from the drive means (9) or restoring means (3) to the at least one electronically controlled inhibiting element (2).
  12. Locking device according to claim 11, characterized in that the force transfer means are constructed as levers (4), one end (42) of the lever (4) being guided by guidance means (52-57).
  13. Locking device according to claims 10 and 12, characterized in that one end (42) of the lever (4) is guided, substantially without clearance, between two turns of the thread (53) or the turns (53').
  14. Locking device according to one of the claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the force transfer means (4) are resiliently constructed and act as restoring means (3).
  15. Locking device according to one of the claims 1 to 14, characterized in that it has restoring means constructed as at least one helical spring (3).
  16. Locking device according to one of the claims 1 to 15, characterized in that a back gear (93) is located between the drive means (9) and guidance means (52-57).
  17. Locking device according to one of the claims 1 to 16, characterized by a least one mechanical inhibiting element (8).
  18. Locking device according to one of the claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the exerting of the working force (FA) by the drive means (9) for transferring the at least one electronically controlled inhibiting element (2) from the inhibit position (xS) into the free position (xF) is initiatable by inserting a key (7), associated with the lock cylinder (12), in the rotor (1), or a rotary movement in or with the rotor (1) and for transferring the at least one electronically controlled inhibiting element (2) from the free position (xF) into the inhibit position (xS) is initiatable by extracting the key (7) from the rotor (1).
  19. Method for preventing an opening of a locking device by parasitic forces (FP) caused by vibration and/or shock effects or magnetic action, performable with a device according to one of the claims 1 to 18, characterized in that for avoiding freely oscillating masses, the position of the at least one electronically controlled inhibiting element (2) is clearly predetermined by guidance means (52-57) and that at least in the vicinity of the free position (xF) a restoring force (FR) is exerted on at least one electronically controlled inhibiting element (2), which opposes the parasitic forces (FP).
EP97945712A 1996-12-24 1997-12-08 Locking device Expired - Lifetime EP0956413B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH319296 1996-12-24
CH319296 1996-12-24
PCT/CH1997/000458 WO1998028508A1 (en) 1996-12-24 1997-12-08 Locking device

Publications (2)

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EP0956413A1 EP0956413A1 (en) 1999-11-17
EP0956413B1 true EP0956413B1 (en) 2001-03-21

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JP (1) JP4270410B2 (en)
KR (1) KR20000062321A (en)
AT (1) ATE199958T1 (en)
AU (1) AU729639B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2276052C (en)
CZ (1) CZ191899A3 (en)
DE (1) DE59703202D1 (en)
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NO993049L (en) 1999-08-23
KR20000062321A (en) 2000-10-25
WO1998028508A1 (en) 1998-07-02
AU5114598A (en) 1998-07-17
NO993049D0 (en) 1999-06-21
CZ191899A3 (en) 1999-10-13
AU729639B2 (en) 2001-02-08
PL334283A1 (en) 2000-02-14
JP2001506334A (en) 2001-05-15
SK83499A3 (en) 2000-01-18
ID22737A (en) 1999-12-09
CA2276052A1 (en) 1998-07-02
HUP0001475A2 (en) 2000-08-28
HUP0001475A3 (en) 2000-12-28
CA2276052C (en) 2006-02-14
JP4270410B2 (en) 2009-06-03
MY118789A (en) 2005-01-31
EP0956413A1 (en) 1999-11-17
PT956413E (en) 2001-09-28
US6363762B1 (en) 2002-04-02
ATE199958T1 (en) 2001-04-15
NZ336126A (en) 2001-05-25
DE59703202D1 (en) 2001-04-26
TW397891B (en) 2000-07-11
ES2159152T3 (en) 2001-09-16

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