EP0955389B1 - Quality control for thermal spraying process - Google Patents
Quality control for thermal spraying process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0955389B1 EP0955389B1 EP99108760A EP99108760A EP0955389B1 EP 0955389 B1 EP0955389 B1 EP 0955389B1 EP 99108760 A EP99108760 A EP 99108760A EP 99108760 A EP99108760 A EP 99108760A EP 0955389 B1 EP0955389 B1 EP 0955389B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- camera
- process according
- spray
- thermal spraying
- images
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a sprayed layer on the surface of a substrate, wherein an on or melted filler material is passed using a gas or gas mixture on the surface to be coated of the substrate.
- the invention further relates to a system for producing a sprayed layer on the surface of a substrate by means of a thermal spraying method comprising means for supplying a premelted or molten filler material and a gas or gas mixture.
- cold gas spraying is also referred to as cold gas spraying. It is a kind of further development of high-speed flame spraying. This method is for example in the European patent specification EP 0 484 533 B1 described.
- cold gas spraying an additional material in powder form is used. The powder particles are melted during cold gas spraying but not in the gas jet. Rather, the temperature of the gas jet is below the melting point of the filler material particles ( EP 0 484 533 B1 ).
- cold gas spraying is so used in comparison to the conventional spraying "cold" or a comparatively colder gas. However, the gas is heated as well as in the conventional method, but usually only to temperatures below the melting point of the powder particles of the filler material.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object to further develop the method mentioned, wherein an assessability of the quality of the spray coatings produced during the injection process should be given. If possible, the possibility of being able to intervene in the spraying process should also be given. In addition, the spraying process and the associated system for producing the sprayed layer should overall be improved and / or their performance increased.
- the diagnostic according to the invention by detecting, controlling and / or monitoring features of the thermal spraying process which influence the quality of the spray layer leads to a relatively simple but extraordinarily efficient quality assurance for thermal spraying, which is relatively simple.
- the reproducibility of spray coatings based on an assessment of quality characteristics or parameters and / or sizes of the injection process on image standards of this diagnostics guaranteed and sprayed on very quickly consistent quality. It is important that an impairment of the thermal spraying process or damage to the sprayed layer is excluded by the detection, control and / or monitoring of the quality characteristics due to the purely optical access in any case.
- the same application is sprayed with the same spray quality, for example, if the characteristic of the image in the reflow zone is identical to the previous one.
- both digital image cameras and digital video cameras can be used.
- individual images and / or video images assembled as sequences into one film can bring about the required acquisition, control and / or monitoring, the boundary between individual images on one side and film on the other side not being defined sharply anyway, but as the lower limit for the frame rate of a movie due to the inertia of the human eye about 16 frames per second can be considered.
- the detection, control and / or monitoring with the digital camera can be used to control and, if appropriate, to optimize one or more parameters.
- Digital technology makes it possible without difficulty for the recordings according to the invention to be used for recording, checking and / or monitoring the quality of the sprayed layer to be made visible and / or evaluated directly in the current spraying process, thus allowing an optimization of spraying parameters.
- the optimization of the parameters contributes to the economy of the thermal spraying process, since an inefficiently high consumption of one or more substances required in the thermal spraying process (for example gas quantities, filler materials) can be avoided and thus a saving can be achieved.
- the representation of the images or video recordings can basically be done in black and white or in color, mixed forms with, for example, partial color representation are possible.
- inverse representations and / or representations in gradient levels (eg gradient-emphasized representation reduced to bit level).
- the recording made with the aid of the digital camera can be used per se for the documentation of one or more features influencing the quality of the sprayed layer and / or of the injection process.
- the invention has proven itself in tests and trials.
- FIGS. 1 . 2 and 3 For example, three images a), b) and c) with different carrier gas quantities or carrier gas pressures are shown using the example of plasma spraying as the thermal spraying method.
- the aim is that the introduced from above powder (ie in this case the filler material) melted in the center of the in the images shown substantially horizontally from left to right plasma jet after its deflection by about 90 ° and the prepared (in the FIGS. 1 to 3 not shown) surface of the substrate to be coated is thrown. If the carrier gas quantity or the carrier gas pressure is too low, the filler material is kept away from the plasma jet and remains at the upper edge of the plasma jet without being able to penetrate sufficiently into the plasma jet. On the other hand, if the carrier gas quantity or the carrier gas pressure is too high, the filler material is at least partially blown through the plasma jet.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Erzeugung einer Spritzschicht auf der Oberfläche eines Substrates, wobei ein an- oder aufgeschmolzener Zusatzwerkstoff unter Einsatz eines Gases oder Gasgemisches auf die zu beschichtende Oberfläche des Substrates geleitet wird. Die Erfindung betrifft ferner eine Anlage zur Erzeugung einer Spritzschicht auf der Oberfläche eines Substrates mittels eines thermischen Spritzverfahrens umfassend Mittel zum Zuführen eines an- oder aufgeschmolzenen Zusatzwerkstoffes und eines Gases oder Gasgemisches.The invention relates to a method for producing a sprayed layer on the surface of a substrate, wherein an on or melted filler material is passed using a gas or gas mixture on the surface to be coated of the substrate. The invention further relates to a system for producing a sprayed layer on the surface of a substrate by means of a thermal spraying method comprising means for supplying a premelted or molten filler material and a gas or gas mixture.
Als Verfahrensvarianten des thermischen Spritzens zum Beschichten sind grundsätzlich das autogene Flammspritzen, das Hochgeschwindigkeits-Flammspritzen, das Lichtbogenspritzen, das Plasmaspritzen, das Detonationsspritzen oder das Laserspritzen bekannt.As process variants of thermal spraying for coating, autogenous flame spraying, high-speed flame spraying, arc spraying, plasma spraying, detonation spraying or laser spraying are generally known.
Thermische Spritzverfahren werden in allgemeiner Form beispielsweise in
- Übersicht und Einführung in das "
Thermische Spritzen", Peter Heinrich, Linde-Berichte aus Technik und Wissenschaft, 52/1982, Seiten 29 bis 37 -
Thermisches Spritzen - Fakten und Stand der Technik, Peter Heinrich, Jahrbuch Oberflächentechnik 1992, Band 48, 1991, Seiten 304 bis 327, Metall-Verlag GmbH
- Overview and introduction to the "
Thermal Spraying ", Peter Heinrich, Linde Reports from Technology and Science, 52/1982, pages 29 to 37 -
Thermal spraying - Facts and state of the art, Peter Heinrich, Yearbook Surface Technology 1992, Volume 48, 1991, pages 304-327, Metall-Verlag GmbH
In jüngerer Zeit wurde darüber hinaus ein weiteres thermisches Spritzverfahren entwickelt, welches auch als Kaltgasspritzen bezeichnet wird. Es handelt sich dabei um eine Art Weiterentwicklung des Hochgeschwindigkeits-Flammspritzens. Dieses Verfahren ist beispielsweise in der europäischen Patentschrift
In allen diesen erwähnten thermischen Spritzverfahren wird die Einhaltung der je nach Anforderung erwünschten Qualität der Spritzschicht angestrebt.In all these mentioned thermal spraying process compliance with the desired depending on the quality of the spray coating is desired.
Eine zerstörungsfreie Prüfung der Spritzschichten ist mit erheblichen Einschränkungen verbunden und mit großen Schwierigkeiten behaftet. Diese Art der Untersuchung als Qualitätssicherung kommt daher nicht in Betracht.A non-destructive examination of the sprayed layers is associated with considerable restrictions and fraught with great difficulties. This type of examination as quality assurance is therefore out of the question.
Es wird daher versucht, die Reproduzierbarkeit, die Erfüllung von Qualitätsansprüchen und die Einhaltung vorgegebener Qualitätsanforderungen durch Erfassung, Kontrolle und/oder Überwachung der Einflußparameter beim thermischen Spritzen gewährleisten zu können. Das bedeutet, relevante Prozeßparameter werden gemessen, geregelt und gegebenenfalls auch dokumentiert. Derartige Parameter sind beispielsweise die Gasflüsse (Trägergas und/oder gegebenenfalls Brenngas), die Stromstärken, der Spritzabstand, der Spritzwinkel (Winkel zwischen Spritzstrahl und Substratoberfläche), die Relativgeschwindigkeit des Spritzstrahls zur Substratoberfläche, die Einbringung des Zusatzwerkstoffes, die Menge des Spritzpulvers bzw. die Drahtvorschubgeschwindigkeiten etc.It is therefore attempted to be able to ensure the reproducibility, the fulfillment of quality requirements and compliance with specified quality requirements by recording, control and / or monitoring of the influence parameters during thermal spraying. This means that relevant process parameters are measured, regulated and if necessary also documented. Such parameters are, for example, the gas flows (carrier gas and / or possibly fuel gas), the current strengths, the spray distance, the spray angle (angle between spray jet and substrate surface), the relative velocity of the spray jet to the substrate surface, the introduction of the filler, the amount of spray powder or Wire feed speeds etc.
Es ist prinzipiell möglich, mittels einer Hochgeschwindigkeitskamera den thermischen Spritzprozeß aufzunehmen und damit Informationen über die Qualität der Spritzschicht beeinflussenden Merkmale des thermischen Spritzprozesses zu gewinnen. Allerdings ist die Handhabung von Hochgeschwindigkeitskameras nicht unproblematisch. So treten in der Regel Überbelichtungen auf. Der entscheidende Nachteil liegt aber darin, daß zunächst eine Entwicklung der Aufnahmen erforderlich ist und daher keine Möglichkeit zur Qualitätsanpassung während oder im Laufe der Erzeugung der Spritzschicht gegeben ist.In principle, it is possible to record the thermal spraying process by means of a high-speed camera and thus to obtain information about the characteristics of the thermal spraying process influencing the quality of the sprayed layer. However, the handling of high-speed cameras is not without problems. As a rule, overexposure occurs. The decisive disadvantage, however, lies in the fact that initially a development of the images is required and therefore there is no possibility for quality adaptation during or during the production of the sprayed layer.
Aus dem
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, das eingangs genannte Verfahren weiterzubilden, wobei eine Bewertbarkeit der Qualität der erzeugten Spritzschichten während des Spritzprozesses gegeben sein sollte. Wenn möglich sollte zusätzlich die Möglichkeit, regulierend in den Spritzprozeß eingreifen zu können, gegeben sein. Außerdem sollte insgesamt das Spritzverfahren und die zugehörige Anlage zur Erzeugung der Spritzschicht verbessert und/oder deren Leistungsfähigkeit vergrößert werden.The present invention is therefore based on the object to further develop the method mentioned, wherein an assessability of the quality of the spray coatings produced during the injection process should be given. If possible, the possibility of being able to intervene in the spraying process should also be given. In addition, the spraying process and the associated system for producing the sprayed layer should overall be improved and / or their performance increased.
Die gestellte Aufgabe wird durch die Schritte des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Ausführungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstände von Unteransprüchen.The stated object is achieved by the steps of claim 1. Embodiments of the invention are subject matters of dependent claims.
Die Qualität der Spritzschicht beeinflussende Merkmale des thermischen Spritzprozesses sind dem Fachmann bekannt. Dies können entweder Parameter des Spritzprozesses selbst und/oder mit einem oder mehreren Parametern korrespondierende und/oder daraus abgeleitete Größen sein. Beispielsweise sind dies:
- Die Einbringung des Spritzzusatzwerkstoffes in die Brenngas-Sauerstoff-Flamme beim Flammspritzen oder in das Plasma beim Plasmaspritzen,
- die Charakteristik der Aufschmelzzone (Größe, Intensität, etc.).
- The introduction of the spray additive in the fuel gas-oxygen flame during flame spraying or in the plasma in the plasma spraying,
- the characteristic of the melting zone (size, intensity, etc.).
Die erfindungsgemäße Diagnostik durch Erfassung, Kontrolle und/oder Überwachung von die Qualität der Spritzschicht beeinflussenden Merkmalen des thermischen Spritzprozesses führt zu einer vom Aufwand her relativ einfachen aber außerordentlich effizienten Qualitätssicherung für das thermische Spritzen. So kann beispielsweise in Betrieben, welche das thermische Spritzen einsetzen, gleichzeitig aber häufig wechselnde Spritzanwendungen auftreten, die Reproduzierbarkeit von Spritzschichten anhand einer Bewertung von qualitätsprägenden Merkmalen bzw. von Parametern und/oder Größen des Spritzprozesses über Bildstandards dieser Diagnostik gewährleistet und die Spritzschichten sehr schnell auf gleichbleibende Qualität gebracht werden. Dabei ist wichtig, daß eine Beeinträchtigung des thermischen Spritzprozesses oder eine Beschädigung der Spritzschicht durch die Erfassung, Kontrolle und/oder Überwachung der Qualitätsmerkmale aufgrund des rein optischen Zugangs auf jeden Fall ausgeschlossen ist. Andererseits kann beispielsweise aber auch nach längerer Zeit gewährleistet werden, daß die gleiche Anwendung mit gleicher Spritzqualität gespritzt wird, wenn beispielsweise die Charakteristik des Bildes in der Zone des Aufschmelzens identisch mit der früheren ist.The diagnostic according to the invention by detecting, controlling and / or monitoring features of the thermal spraying process which influence the quality of the spray layer leads to a relatively simple but extraordinarily efficient quality assurance for thermal spraying, which is relatively simple. Thus, for example, in operations that use thermal spraying, but at the same time frequently changing spray applications occur, the reproducibility of spray coatings based on an assessment of quality characteristics or parameters and / or sizes of the injection process on image standards of this diagnostics guaranteed and sprayed on very quickly consistent quality. It is important that an impairment of the thermal spraying process or damage to the sprayed layer is excluded by the detection, control and / or monitoring of the quality characteristics due to the purely optical access in any case. On the other hand, for example, but also after a long time ensure that the same application is sprayed with the same spray quality, for example, if the characteristic of the image in the reflow zone is identical to the previous one.
Als Digitalkamera können sowohl digitale Bildkameras wie auch digitale Videokameras eingesetzt werden. Es können also einerseits Einzelbilder und/oder als Sequenzen zu einem Film zusammengesetzte Videobilder die geforderte Erfassung, Kontrolle und/oder Überwachung bringen, wobei die Grenze zwischen Einzelbildem auf der einen Seite und Film auf der anderen Seite ohnehin nicht scharf definiert ist, aber als Untergrenze für die Bildfrequenz bei einem Film aufgrund der Trägheit des menschlichen Auges etwa 16 Bilder pro Sekunde betrachtet werden können.As a digital camera, both digital image cameras and digital video cameras can be used. Thus, on the one hand, individual images and / or video images assembled as sequences into one film can bring about the required acquisition, control and / or monitoring, the boundary between individual images on one side and film on the other side not being defined sharply anyway, but as the lower limit for the frame rate of a movie due to the inertia of the human eye about 16 frames per second can be considered.
Mit Vorteil kann die Erfassung, Kontrolle und/oder Überwachung mit der digitalen Kamera zur Regelung und gegebenenfalls zur Optimierung eines oder mehrerer Parameter verwendet werden. Die Digitaltechnik ermöglicht es problemlos, daß die erfindungsgemäß zur Erfassung, Kontrolle und/oder Überwachung der Qualität der Spritzschicht dienenden Aufzeichnungen unmittelbar im laufenden Spritzprozeß sichtbar gemacht und/oder ausgewertet werden und so eine optimierende Regelung von Spritzparametern stattfinden kann. Die Optimierung der Parameter trägt zur Wirtschaftlichkeit des thermischen Spritzprozesses bei, da ein uneffektiv hoher Verbrauch eines oder mehrerer im thermischen Spritzverfahren benötigter Stoffe (z.B. Gasmengen, Zusatzwerkstoffe) vermieden werden und somit eine Ersparnis erzielt werden kann.Advantageously, the detection, control and / or monitoring with the digital camera can be used to control and, if appropriate, to optimize one or more parameters. Digital technology makes it possible without difficulty for the recordings according to the invention to be used for recording, checking and / or monitoring the quality of the sprayed layer to be made visible and / or evaluated directly in the current spraying process, thus allowing an optimization of spraying parameters. The optimization of the parameters contributes to the economy of the thermal spraying process, since an inefficiently high consumption of one or more substances required in the thermal spraying process (for example gas quantities, filler materials) can be avoided and thus a saving can be achieved.
Im Rahmen der Erfindung kann das ganze Vielfalt der Darstellungsmöglichkeiten, welche die Digitaltechnik eröffnet, ausgenutzt werden. Selbstverständlich können je nach Einzelfall unterschiedliche Darstellungsvarianten - auch beispielsweise rechnerisch überarbeitete oder verfremdete - bestimmte Vorteile mit sich bringen.In the context of the invention, the whole variety of display options, which opens up the digital technology, can be exploited. Of course, depending on the individual case, different presentation variants-including, for example, computationally revised or alienated ones-can bring certain advantages.
Die Darstellung der Bilder oder Videoaufzeichnungen kann dabei grundsätzlich schwarzweiß oder farbig erfolgen, wobei auch Mischformen mit beispielsweise teilweiser farbiger Darstellung möglich sind. Neben einer normalen Darstellung können beispielsweise auch inverse Darstellungen und/oder Darstellungen in Gradientenstufen (z.B. gradientenbetonte auf Bitebene reduzierte Darstellung) zum Einsatz kommen.The representation of the images or video recordings can basically be done in black and white or in color, mixed forms with, for example, partial color representation are possible. In addition to a normal representation, it is also possible, for example, to use inverse representations and / or representations in gradient levels (eg gradient-emphasized representation reduced to bit level).
In Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann die mit Hilfe der digitalen Kamera angefertigte Aufzeichnung zur Dokumentation eines oder mehrerer die Qualität der Spritzschicht beeinflussenden Merkmale und/oder des Spritzprozesses an sich verwendet werden.In a development of the invention, the recording made with the aid of the digital camera can be used per se for the documentation of one or more features influencing the quality of the sprayed layer and / or of the injection process.
Die Erfindung hat sich in Tests und Versuchen bestens bewährt.The invention has proven itself in tests and trials.
Im folgenden soll die Erfindung anhand eines Beispiels näher erläutert werden.In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an example.
Hierbei zeigen
- Fig. 1:
- eine normale Darstellung eines Plasmaspritzprozesses mit unterschiedlichem Trägergasfluß,
- Fig. 2:
- eine inverse Darstellung desselben Plasmaspritzprozesses mit unterschiedlichem Trägergasfluß und
- Fig. 3:
- eine gradientenbetonte auf Bitebene reduzierte Darstellung des- selben Plasmaspritzprozesses mit unterschiedlichem Trägergasfluß.
- Fig. 1 :
- a normal representation of a plasma spraying process with different carrier gas flow,
- Fig. 2 :
- an inverse view of the same plasma spraying process with different carrier gas flow and
- 3 :
- a gradient-emphasized on bite plane reduced representation of the same plasma spraying process with different carrier gas flow.
In den
Angestrebt wird, daß das von oben eingebrachte Pulver (d.h. in diesem Fall der Zusatzwerkstoff) im Zentrum des in den dargestellten Bildern im wesentlichen horizontal von links nach rechts verlaufenden Plasmastrahls nach seiner Umlenkung um etwa 90° aufgeschmolzen und auf die vorbereitete (in den
In den
- im Teilbild a) ein optimaler Trägergasfluß,
- im Teilbild b) ein zu geringer Trägergasfluß und
- im Teilbild c) ein zu hoher Trägergasfluß
- in sub-picture a) an optimal carrier gas flow,
- in sub-picture b) too low carrier gas flow and
- in sub-picture c) too high carrier gas flow
Die gezeigten Darstellungsvarianten
- mit einer normalen (unveränderten, dem Sichtbaren entsprechenden), schwarzweißen Darstellung in
Figur 1 , - mit einer inversen Darstellung mit einer gegenüber
Figur 1 Vertauschung von schwarz und weiß inFigur 2 und - schließlich mit einer gradientenbetonten auf Bitebene reduzierten Darstellung der Bilder aus
Figur 2 inFigur 3
- with a normal (unchanged, the visible corresponding), black and white representation in
FIG. 1 . - with an inverse representation with one opposite
FIG. 1 Exchange of black and white inFIG. 2 and - finally with a gradient-emphasized on bit level reduced representation of the pictures
FIG. 2 inFIG. 3
Claims (6)
- Thermal plasma spraying process for producing a spray coating on the surface of a substrate, a partly or fully melted additional material being directed onto the surface of the substrate to be coated by using a gas or gas mixture, wherein the spray jet and the additional material are sensed, checked and/or monitored by means of a digital camera, characterized in that a digital stills camera with single image function or a digital video camera is used as the camera and in that the camera is directed at the plasma jet.
- Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the sensing, checking and/or monitoring with the digital camera is used for controlling and possibly optimizing one or more parameters.
- Process according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the images or video recordings are displayed in black-and-white and/or in colour.
- Process according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the images or video recordings are displayed inversely.
- Process according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the images or video recordings are displayed in gradient stages.
- Process according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the recording made with the aid of the digital camera is used for documenting one or more features influencing the quality of the spray coating and/or for documenting the spray process itself.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19820195A DE19820195A1 (en) | 1998-05-06 | 1998-05-06 | Quality assurance in thermal spraying |
DE19820195 | 1998-05-06 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0955389A1 EP0955389A1 (en) | 1999-11-10 |
EP0955389B1 true EP0955389B1 (en) | 2009-08-26 |
Family
ID=7866828
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99108760A Expired - Lifetime EP0955389B1 (en) | 1998-05-06 | 1999-05-03 | Quality control for thermal spraying process |
Country Status (2)
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EP (1) | EP0955389B1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE19820195A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000031313A1 (en) * | 1998-11-25 | 2000-06-02 | Joma Chemical As | Material for producing a corrosion- and wear-resistant layer by thermal spraying |
DE19910892A1 (en) * | 1999-03-11 | 2000-09-14 | Linde Tech Gase Gmbh | Quality assurance in thermal spraying by means of arithmetic revision or alienation of digital images |
DE10025161A1 (en) * | 2000-05-23 | 2001-11-29 | Joma Chemicals As Limingen | Material and method for producing a corrosion- and wear-resistant layer by thermal peaking |
DE10203884A1 (en) * | 2002-01-31 | 2003-08-14 | Flumesys Gmbh Fluidmes Und Sys | Thermal spraying apparatus and method |
DE10244037A1 (en) * | 2002-09-21 | 2004-04-08 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Process for coating a workpiece |
DE102007010049B4 (en) * | 2007-03-01 | 2011-01-13 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Method for producing an injectable spray coating |
DE102008048262B4 (en) * | 2008-09-22 | 2021-03-18 | Linde Gmbh | Method and device for determining the degree of melting of a thermally sprayed surface as well as method and device for automatically melting down a thermally sprayed surface |
FR2963023B1 (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2013-03-08 | Messier Dowty Sa | METHOD FOR ANTICIPATING THE RISK OF DEFECTS IN A THERMALLY PROJECTED COATING |
DE102013223688A1 (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2015-05-21 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for the automated application of a spray coating |
DE102015112540A1 (en) | 2015-07-30 | 2017-02-16 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for coating a surface |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19545005A1 (en) * | 1995-12-02 | 1997-06-05 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Monitoring coating of a disk of high conductivity with material of low conductivity |
DE19725404C2 (en) * | 1996-06-17 | 2001-04-26 | Christian Seidel | LEED system for measurements on a sample prepared using the PVD method |
-
1998
- 1998-05-06 DE DE19820195A patent/DE19820195A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-05-03 EP EP99108760A patent/EP0955389B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-03 DE DE59915069T patent/DE59915069D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (5)
Title |
---|
LEHTINEN T. ET AL: "Correlations between in-flight particle concentrations and coating properties in atmospheric plasma spraying of alumina", PROCEEDINGS OF THE 9TH NATIONAL THERMAL SPRAY CONFERENCE (NTSC) IN CINCINNATI, USA, 7 October 1996 (1996-10-07) - 11 October 1996 (1996-10-11), pages 525 - 530 * |
LEHTINEN T. ET AL: "In-flight particle concentration measurements in thermal plasma spraying using a CCD camera", PROCEEDINGS OF THE XXXI ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE FINNISH PHYSICAL SOCIETY, 13 March 1997 (1997-03-13) - 15 March 1997 (1997-03-15), pages 10.23 * |
LEHTINEN T. ET AL: "In-flight particle visualisation in thermal plasma spraying using an intensified CCD camera", PROCEEDINGS OF THE XXX ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE FINNISH PHYSICAL SOCIETY, 21 March 1996 (1996-03-21) - 23 March 1996 (1996-03-23), OTANIEMI, ESPOO, FINLAND, pages 1.09 * |
LEHTINEN T. ET AL: "Optical spray pattern diagnostics for thermal spraying", PROCEEDINGS OF THE OPTICS DAY '97, 21 February 1997 (1997-02-21), TAMPERE, FINLAND, pages 19 * |
LEHTINEN T. ET AL: "Real-time optical spray pattern diagnostics for thermal spraying", PROCEEDINGS OF THE VII FINNISH CONFERENCE ON PHYSICS IN INDUSTRY,, 1 November 1995 (1995-11-01) - 2 November 1995 (1995-11-02), TAMPERE, FINLAND, pages 105 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19820195A1 (en) | 1999-11-11 |
DE59915069D1 (en) | 2009-10-08 |
EP0955389A1 (en) | 1999-11-10 |
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