EP0955110A2 - Procédé et dispositif pour le fluotournage - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour le fluotournage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0955110A2
EP0955110A2 EP99101494A EP99101494A EP0955110A2 EP 0955110 A2 EP0955110 A2 EP 0955110A2 EP 99101494 A EP99101494 A EP 99101494A EP 99101494 A EP99101494 A EP 99101494A EP 0955110 A2 EP0955110 A2 EP 0955110A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
preform
rolling elements
rolling
chuck
forming
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99101494A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0955110A3 (fr
EP0955110B1 (fr
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Köstermeier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Leico GmbH and Co Werkzeugmaschinenbau
Original Assignee
Leico GmbH and Co Werkzeugmaschinenbau
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19830816A external-priority patent/DE19830816C2/de
Application filed by Leico GmbH and Co Werkzeugmaschinenbau filed Critical Leico GmbH and Co Werkzeugmaschinenbau
Publication of EP0955110A2 publication Critical patent/EP0955110A2/fr
Publication of EP0955110A3 publication Critical patent/EP0955110A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0955110B1 publication Critical patent/EP0955110B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H5/00—Making gear wheels, racks, spline shafts or worms
    • B21H5/02—Making gear wheels, racks, spline shafts or worms with cylindrical outline, e.g. by means of die rolls
    • B21H5/025—Internally geared wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H5/00—Making gear wheels, racks, spline shafts or worms
    • B21H5/02—Making gear wheels, racks, spline shafts or worms with cylindrical outline, e.g. by means of die rolls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B21J5/12—Forming profiles on internal or external surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H7/00—Making articles not provided for in the preceding groups, e.g. agricultural tools, dinner forks, knives, spoons
    • B21H7/18—Making articles not provided for in the preceding groups, e.g. agricultural tools, dinner forks, knives, spoons grooved pins; Rolling grooves, e.g. oil grooves, in articles
    • B21H7/187—Rolling helical or rectilinear grooves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for pressure rolling, in which a preform is clamped on a spinning chuck and shaped by means of at least one rolling element, the preform rotating relative to the rolling element about an axis of rotation. Furthermore, the invention relates to a pressure rolling device according to the preamble of claim 16.
  • Tools for smooth and deep rolling on the basis of hydrostatically mounted ball tools are also known. These tools are used to plasticize metallic surfaces using balls or rollers. Edge areas can thus be smoothed or solidified.
  • the various designs of these tools can be used to machine variably configurable surfaces (e.g. straight or tapered flat surfaces or bores).
  • the shaping of larger volumes of material and thus the shaping of new geometries is not possible with these tools, however, because the plasticization of the material is not possible due to the intended manufacturing method.
  • the transferable forces are too small for this.
  • Each individual forming roll is stored separately. This design is not suitable for the deformation and shaping of larger material volumes.
  • a preform is pressed on its outer diameter with one or more rollers, the material penetrating into the profile of the tool chuck.
  • Another method proposes to clamp the preform axially and to reduce its diameter by rolling with radial infeed. Due to the axial clamping, the material flows in the radial direction through the pressure of the rollers, so that it is pressed into the recesses in the tool chuck.
  • individually mounted rollers which roll on the preform with their outer diameter. Due to the geometrical and strength-related dimensions of the rolls with their bearings, depending on the size of the preform, only a limited number of rolls can be arranged at a minimal distance. Due to the geometrically determined distance between the rollers, it is impossible to fully compensate for the bulge of the preform on its circumference due to the large tangential force in this area and the associated material displacement. There are alternating loads in the area of the recesses in the tool chuck. This alternating load can lead to material fatigue and thus to short tool downtimes, especially with running gear teeth with small modules.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method and a pressure rolling device in which pressure rolling is possible which is gentle on the workpiece and tool.
  • the object is achieved in that, in the method mentioned at the outset, the preform is formed by a large number of rolling elements which are arranged in a ring around the axis of rotation and are each rotatably mounted in a cage.
  • the object is further achieved by a pressure rolling device with the characterizing features of claim 15. Preferred embodiments are specified in the dependent claims.
  • the preform is supported by the geometrically maximum number of rollers on the circumference during their rotation and at the same time reshaped.
  • the forming rollers circle the preform like a planet when they touch and reshape it.
  • the preform is rotationally symmetrical Workpiece that is solid or a pre-machined hollow body, such as a piece of pipe or a pot-shaped part.
  • the separate storage and control of the axles due to an axial offset of the rolls means that one roll always begins the shaping process, which inevitably leads to undesired deflection of the tool until further axially offset rolls attack. This has the consequence that a uniform loading and self-centering is hardly possible due to this mutual deflection of the forming tool.
  • the force is transmitted symmetrically to all the rollers via an outer ring of a bearing. It follows that all rollers intervene in the forming process at the same time and center the internal tool independently and load it evenly.
  • the preform is expediently moved in a relative axial movement by the annular rolling element arrangement.
  • the rolling elements press this onto the spinning chuck.
  • only a reduction in diameter can take place.
  • the rolling elements can be arranged in a common radial plane.
  • the preform is formed by tapered roller rollers which roll in a conical outer ring in an arrangement inclined to the axis of rotation of the preform, improved centering when inserting the preform into the roller body arrangement and a more favorable material flow can be achieved. Furthermore, radial positioning and adjustment of the rolling elements is possible by means of an axial displacement and positioning of the rolling elements with the cage.
  • the preform is reshaped by axially offset rolling elements, a larger diameter range can be covered in the shaping process if the downstream rolling elements each roll on a smaller inner diameter. Such an arrangement results in an improved shaping force distribution and influence on the preform.
  • the preform is formed by rolling elements, which are arranged in a forming device in two parallel planes perpendicular to the axis of rotation. This results in a simplified structure of a cage supporting the rolling elements.
  • rolling elements of different shapes and sizes can be used in a forming device, for example in a common cage or in different cages arranged one behind the other.
  • bodies with different inner profiles in different diameter ranges can be formed in one setting.
  • a first deformation of a preform for. B. a circular blank
  • a second deformation of the preform is carried out by conical rolling elements in a downstream second processing plane or area. Extensive machining of the preform can thus be achieved in one setting.
  • the radial positioning of the rolling elements is set against a spring force. Self-centering and self-adjustment of the rolling elements can thus be achieved in a simple manner.
  • this process step can still be carried out with the workpiece clamped.
  • the calibration process can be carried out with the rolling element arrangement set to a smaller inside diameter in the forming device.
  • the calibration process can be carried out with a second rolling element arrangement with a smaller inner diameter in a second forming device.
  • the generation of the relative movement between the rolling elements and the preform can be carried out by rotating an outer ring in which the rolling elements roll while the preform is stationary.
  • the relative movement can be carried out by rotating the preform with the outer ring stationary or by rotating the outer ring and the preform.
  • the method according to the invention can be expediently supplemented by pulling a drawing ring with an internal tooth profile over the workpiece obtained after the shaping of the preform in order to produce external teeth.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the invention consists in that a rotationally symmetrical sheet metal workpiece is used as the preform, which is pressed onto the spinning chuck by means of the ring-shaped rolling elements.
  • the sheet metal workpiece can be a round blank or a pot-shaped part be. In this way, a sheet metal body with an inner contour can be shaped in accordance with the spinning chuck.
  • the preform is clamped on a cylindrical spinning chuck, which is provided on its outer circumference with a profile, in particular a toothing, and that the rolling elements are arranged in a ring around the spinning chuck during shaping, the preform by the Rolling elements are pressed against the outer circumference and an inner profile is formed.
  • a cylindrical spinning chuck which is provided on its outer circumference with a profile, in particular a toothing
  • the rolling elements are arranged in a ring around the spinning chuck during shaping, the preform by the Rolling elements are pressed against the outer circumference and an inner profile is formed.
  • internally profiled parts can be created, for example with an internal toothing or a keyway profile.
  • an alternative embodiment of the invention is that the preform has a central opening and is clamped in the center on an annular spinning chuck, the inside of the ring of which is provided with a profile, in particular an internal toothing, and that a forming mandrel is axially fed into the central opening of the preform , on which the rolling elements are arranged like a ring, the preform being pressed by the rolling elements against the inside of the ring of the chuck and an outer profile being formed.
  • externally toothed ring gears can be produced efficiently.
  • a particularly simple method implementation is achieved according to the invention in that the rolling elements in the cage are displaced at least in a radial direction during the shaping.
  • the rolling elements are mounted displaceably in the radial direction in the cage and can be pressed radially inwards or radially outwards, for example, by means of a wedge slide mechanism during forming.
  • the radial displacement of the rolling elements also allows a corresponding profile in the use of profiled rolling elements Form preform.
  • the profile on the rolling elements can be grooves and protrusions running in the circumferential direction or a toothing.
  • the object stated above is achieved in terms of apparatus in that the shaping device has a cage in which a multiplicity of rolling elements are arranged in a ring around an axis of rotation, and in that the rolling elements are each rotatably mounted in the cage.
  • a pressure rolling device is used to carry out the method described above.
  • the number of rolling elements is at least two, although the largest possible number is preferred depending on the workpiece size.
  • a particularly good forming is achieved according to the invention in that the rolling elements are cylindrical or conical as forming rollers and are each rotatably mounted about an axis of the rolling element and in that the rolling element axes are arranged at an oblique angle, in particular at an angle between 10 ° and 60 °, to the axis of rotation are. Due to the axial extension of the rolling elements and their conical arrangement to the axis of rotation, a new forming technology is achieved, which combines the properties of pressure rolling with those of ironing. This combination enables a high degree of forming to be achieved at a relatively high forming speed.
  • the forming device has a race on which the rolling elements bear against a rolling area and roll during forming.
  • An increase in the design options with the device according to the invention is further achieved in that the rolling area of the race is conical, in that the rolling elements are slidably mounted in the cage in a radial direction and that for the radial displacement of the rolling elements the race is adjustable in an axial direction.
  • the rolling elements can be provided with an outer profile. This can be a toothing or circumferential grooves and projections which form a corresponding profile in the preform.
  • the spinning chuck is cylindrical and that the shaping device is annular, on the inside of which the rolling bodies protrude.
  • a desired profile can be provided on the outer circumference of the spinning chuck, which profile is formed when the preform is pressed onto the spinning chuck.
  • the spinning chuck is annular and in that the shaping device is designed as a cylindrical shaping mandrel, on the outside of which the rolling bodies protrude.
  • the forming mandrel is moved axially relative to the spinning chuck and inserted into a central opening of the workpiece. This central opening of the workpiece is widened and the material is shaped against the corresponding inner contour of the annular spinning chuck.
  • the rolling elements can be supported by means of pins or bores which are located on or in a rolling element of the forming roller.
  • a particularly robust storage is achieved in that the rolling elements are inserted into the cage for rotatable storage in pocket-shaped recesses.
  • This also allows a particularly close arrangement of the individual rolling elements next to one another.
  • simple solid elements can be used as rolling elements, for example rollers or rollers from conventional rolling bearings.
  • the bearings of the rolling elements consist of an annular cage base body with radial grooves for tangential bearing and a conical race on which the rolling elements roll for radial bearing.
  • a locking ring on the cage body keeps the rolling elements in their axial position.
  • a device 10 or a tool for carrying out the method according to the invention has a plurality of rollers as rolling elements 11 (14 rollers in the exemplary embodiment shown), which in recesses 12, which are in an annular support body or cage 13 of the device 10 are formed, received and guided axially and radially.
  • a fixed outer race or outer ring 14 is inserted in a housing 15 of the device 10 and forms an outer, hardened raceway 16 for the rollers, while an inner raceway 17 is formed by a preform 18 to be formed.
  • the annular cage 13 is mounted radially and rotatably in the housing 15 of the device 10 via a ball bearing 19.
  • An axial bearing 20, for example a needle bearing supports the cage 13 axially via a spring device, e.g. B. in the form of several coil springs 21, on one with the housing 15 z. B. connected by screw housing end part 22.
  • the cage 13 is designed in such a way that the rolling elements 11 are held in their position in the absence of an inner running surface, ie when the preform 18 has not yet or is no longer accommodated in the tool or the device 10.
  • This holding function can be provided, for example, in that holding elements such as end pins 23 are integrally formed or attached to the rollers, which are rotatably received in bores 24 in a holding ring 25 connected to the cage 13. Profiles or Bores can be attached to the rolling elements 11. It is expedient to keep the rollers at their outer diameter to a clear inner diameter to each other by the outer jacket of the roller body 11 is supported in a recess of a ring, so that roller segments 59 protrude from the inner diameter of the bore of the ring (see Fig. 7) .
  • the geometries of the treads are designed in such a way that they meet both the requirement profile of the reshaping and the geometric requirement of the rolling on one another.
  • conical rolling elements 11 are used within a conical outer race 14, then an imaginary enveloping body shape with a small opening diameter (provided with reference number 30) and results in the inside of an enveloping circle defined by the inner race 17 of these rolling elements 11 a large opening diameter (provided with reference number 31). If the preform 18 with a bevel 32 on the immersion side, d. H. the side of the first contact with the rolling elements 11, the angle of which corresponds to the angle of the conical envelope shape or the inner running surface 17, an improved centering of the rolling elements 11 to the preform 18 automatically occurs when this bevel 32 comes into contact with the conical rollers 11.
  • the rolling elements 11 can be adjusted in the axial direction relative to the outer race 14. If a compressive force is applied to the device 10 in the axial direction via the preform 18, the small opening diameter 30 of the enveloping circle is set as a function of the outer race 14, as set by the adjustment. This function enables the enveloping circle of the rollers 11 to become one larger diameter are opened so that no additional spinning-rolling operation on the ironed workpiece has to be carried out when the preform 18 is withdrawn.
  • the supporting body or cage 13 holding the rollers is provided with a play in the axial direction together with the retaining ring 25 in such a way that the springs 21 push the cage 13 out of the conical outer race 14 behind the axial bearing 20. As soon as the rollers come into contact with the preform 18, they spring back to the intended stop and adjust themselves to the adjusted opening diameter.
  • rollers can be adapted to the forming. It has proven to be expedient to use rolling elements from conventional tapered roller bearings, which are manufactured in large numbers and thus inexpensively as mass parts.
  • the outer race 14 can be completely taken over by the corresponding roller bearing.
  • the number of rolling elements 11 can be reduced according to the required forming forces per roller, depending on the roller division, compared to the original roller bearing.
  • the shaping conditions of the workpiece can be adapted in relation to an externally toothed tool chuck by suitable selection of individual forming parameters and their coordination with one another. Parameters are the feed of the forming device, the speed of the workpiece or forming device, and the number and shape of the individual forming bodies.
  • every second roller can be arranged axially offset in a corresponding device. This reduces the width of the overlap from roller to roller and the diameter range from the maximum Diameter expanded to the minimum diameter of a revolution.
  • the combination between the pressure rolling with the tool proposed here and a drawing device with a drawing ring is ideal.
  • the drawing ring can be replaced as a tool in the forming center, so that after the pressure rolling with a hollow body tool, a drawing ring with a corresponding inner profile is drawn over the previously rolled workpiece.
  • the tooth profiles thus created can then be profiled, calibrated and solidified in the tooth flanks using a synchro unit in a press-rolling machine according to DE 196 01 020 A1 with a molding wheel.
  • 2 and 3 show a comparison of the method according to the invention compared to a conventional pressure rolling process with a maximum of three rolls.
  • 2 shows a schematic diagram of how three rolling elements 11a, 11b and 11c roll a preform or a workpiece 35 onto a tool 36 in a conventional manner.
  • 3 shows in comparison the application of the method according to the invention.
  • a workpiece 37 is formed on a cylindrical tool 38 using, for example, 14 rolling elements 11.1 to 11.14.
  • Fig. 3 shows how, according to the method according to the invention, by using significantly more and significantly smaller rolling elements 11.1-11.14 which run on a common outer ring (not shown), the respective deflection 44 becomes smaller with an increasing number of rolling elements 11 and moves towards zero, since the respective unsupported circumference 42 between two force application points 43 is significantly reduced. Furthermore, it can be seen that the deflection at the same tangential tensions, due to the shorter distance between the rollers, cannot be so great by comparable To achieve values that can occur with three rollers. In practice, the bulge 44 is negligible compared to the deformation with the three rolling elements 11a-11c.
  • the application of force when forming with only three rollers is relatively uneven.
  • the cause is the asymmetrical application of force by the differently positioned forming tools.
  • the teeth are not supported evenly.
  • the tool teeth are first supported on one side.
  • the tooth is loaded on one side and it bends.
  • the material flow into the tooth gaps is more uniform, the alternating load due to the bulging being reduced to a minimum.
  • the workpiece supports both the front and the back of the teeth and thus significantly reduces the one-sided load.
  • FIG. 4 shows a preform 18 on which an internal toothing is to be produced.
  • the preform 18 is cup-shaped and can be produced, for example, by a pressure rolling process. But also others, e.g. B. preforms machined can be formed by the method described here.
  • the cylindrical body of the preform 18 is provided with a chamfer 32 on the inlet side of the shaping device, the angle 45 of which is identical to the angle of the inner roller running surface 17 to the center or the axis of rotation 46 of the shaping device 10 (see FIG. 1).
  • the conicity of the arrangement of the rolling elements 11 in the forming device 10 means that the preform 18 is centered and that the material is uniformly filled the toothing is reached and a tangential compressive and axial tensile stress is generated in the surface of the workpiece.
  • a recess 47 on the inner radius prevents the formation of cracks due to the reduction in the notch effect and the unnecessary displacement of excess material.
  • FIG. 5 shows a workpiece 48 after the preform 18 has been deformed.
  • An oblique internal toothing 53 can be produced, for example, by the shaping process.
  • the shaping process extends the workpiece 48 axially (see the axial lengths identified by reference numerals 49 and 50 in FIGS. 4 and 5) and the wall thickness (compare the axial wall thicknesses identified by reference numerals 51 and 52 in FIGS. 4 and 5) decreased.
  • the device 10 is shown, which is preferably used for the forming and which differs only slightly from that of FIG. 1.
  • This device is based on a tapered roller bearing.
  • Such a tapered roller bearing is modified in such a way that its inner ring is first removed.
  • the now exposed rolling elements 11 of the tapered roller bearing are secured instead of by a conventional cage of the tapered roller bearing by a special cage 13 which has an annular cage base body 13a and a locking ring 13b.
  • the rolling elements 11 are inserted into radial grooves tapering towards the workpiece in the cage base body 13a.
  • the rolling elements 11 are held radially by a race 14 and axially by the locking ring 13b. It also fixes the position of the rollers and prevents them from shifting relative to each other.
  • the rollers themselves can have end pins (see FIG. 1), profiles or bores.
  • the locking ring 13b is axially supported during the deformation by the springs 23 and the needle bearing 20.
  • the springs 23 press the locking ring 13b with the rolling elements 11 out of the outer conical race 14 and thereby set a relatively large inner diameter 30, as is required to remove the parts. If a preform 18 presses in the axial direction on the rolling elements 11 in the cage 13 during the shaping, the springs 21 are compressed and the inside diameter 30 is reduced to the effective inside diameter, which was previously adjusted by an adjustment in the axial direction.
  • the locking ring 13b is supported radially by the ball bearing 19.
  • rollers move in or on the outer ring 14, the rolling elements 11 rotating in a planetary manner and thereby rotating the cage base body 13a with the locking ring 13b screwed thereon.
  • Profiled rollers are preferably used to form an internal toothing.
  • the use of balls, also in combination with rollers, as rolling elements is also possible.
  • the balls used which protrude from the inlet side of the support body, can be used to form a circular blank into a cylindrical preform, with the downstream rollers reducing the cylindrical area of the preform in the same clamping in the outer diameter and rolling it onto a tool with teeth.
  • balls 61 which are arranged in the form of an angular contact ball bearing in the cage 13 and are supported axially and radially on the outer ring 14 adapted to the balls 61.
  • rollers or balls generally the rolling elements 11, depends on the respective tooth geometry and on the forces necessary for the deformation. In the present example, 14 rollers are used. On the one hand, this prevents bulging of the workpiece as much as possible during production, and on the other hand ensures that the forming tool 10 is adequately centered.
  • the rollers in the support body or cage 13 rotate about their own axis and run in a planetary manner around the preform 18.
  • a preform 18 is clamped, for example, in a spinning roll machine and pushed over a toothed spinning chuck 62.
  • the inside diameter of the preform 18 corresponds to the outside diameter of the spinning chuck 62.
  • the bottom of the preform 18 is clamped between the two drive spindles 63 and 64 of the spinning roll machine.
  • a shaping device is attached to a cylinder 65 of a drive spindle 63 (tailstock) of the machine.
  • a piston 66 is supported on one side 67 against an oil filling in a cylinder chamber 68 and on the other, opposite side 69 clamps the preform 18 in a force-locking manner.
  • the toothing When the toothing is rolled in, either only the workpiece or the preform 18 rotates at a predetermined speed and the forming device stands still, or the device 10 rotates and the workpiece 18 stands still. In any case, this causes the rolling elements 11 to rotate and rotate in planetary fashion.
  • the speed of the rollers 11 can be adjusted according to the number of teeth to be manufactured or the outer diameter of the workpiece by varying the speed of the workpiece or forming device.
  • the shaping takes place as shown in FIG. 9, with FIGS. 9.1 to 9.4 representing the individual processing steps.
  • the preform 18 is moved by the forward movement of the one drive spindle (main spindle) 64 in the direction of the forming device 10 (FIG. 9.1).
  • the piston 66 is pressed into the cylinder 68.
  • the rolling elements 11 At the maximum inside diameter of the forming device 10, the rolling elements 11 first touch the outer radius of the preform 18.
  • the preform 18 is then moved further in the direction of the forming device 10 and into it.
  • the springs 21 compress in the forming device 10 and thus set the effective inner diameter.
  • the rotating rolling elements 11 roll the preform 18 onto the externally toothed chuck 62 (FIGS. 9.2 and 9.3).
  • the effective inner diameter of the forming device 10 becomes smaller and smaller and the material is rolled more and more into the toothing.
  • the preform 18 is elongated and the wall thickness is reduced.
  • the direction of rotation of the workpiece can be alternately changed during the rolling of the toothing. The time of a change of direction depends on the respective tooth geometry and the selected feed. With the reversal of direction, the direction of tangential rotation of the workpiece 18 on the spinning chuck 62, as occurs in conventional spinning rolling operations, is changed. After the deformation, the spindle 64 moves back again and the workpiece 70, which is now internally toothed, is removed, for example, with a scraper.
  • a conventional pressure rolling process can be carried out before or after the rolling in of an internal toothing, for example by molding profiles or hubs.
  • an external toothing is described. To do this, a drawing ring with internal teeth is pulled over the workpiece. The external toothing produced in this way can then be calibrated using a synchro unit according to DE 196 01 020 A1.
  • internal straight or internal helical gears can be formed very effectively and have a high degree of dimensional accuracy.
  • the gears produced by rolling have a high degree on work hardening, which can save a subsequent heat treatment if necessary with a suitable choice of material and surface treatment. Mechanical reworking of the surface is generally not necessary. Workpieces can be formed that previously could not be manufactured without cutting.
  • FIG. 13 shows a further pressure rolling device 80 according to the invention in part.
  • a cup-shaped preform 18 is firmly clamped between a spinning chuck 82 with external teeth 81 and a tailstock 84.
  • a forming device 10 with rolling elements 11 is used, which essentially corresponds to the forming devices described above.
  • the cage 13 for mounting the rolling elements 11 comprises axial and radial sliding surfaces without additional bearings in the housing 15.
  • the spinning chuck 82 is non-rotatably mounted on a cover 87 which is flanged to an essentially tubular main spindle socket 83.
  • the main spindle stub 83 which can be set in rotation via a drive (not shown), has a tensioning device 88 in its inner cavity.
  • the tensioning device 88 which is a plate spring assembly in the exemplary embodiment shown, can also be a hydraulic spring.
  • the plate spring assembly is arranged between an annular stop 91 and a pressure plate 89 which is displaceable in the main spindle socket 83.
  • a plurality of pressure bolts 90 are fastened to the pressure plate 89 and penetrate the cover 87 through appropriately designed openings.
  • the pressure bolts 90 contact an end face of a sleeve-shaped counter-holder 85, which is axially displaceably mounted on the chuck 82.
  • the counter-holder 85 rests with its end facing away from the pressure pin 90 on an end face at the free end of the preform 18 in order to counteract undesired elongation of the preform 18 when the internal toothing is formed.
  • the displacement path of the counter-holder 85 on the chuck 82 is determined by a radially inwardly projecting shoulder 86 limited to the counter-holder 85, which engages in a correspondingly designed groove on the chuck 82.
  • An axial clamping force in the direction of the preform 18 is exerted by the clamping device 88 via the pressure plate 89 and the pressure bolts 90 on the counter-holder 85.
  • the elongation of the thin-walled preform 18 can be reduced or avoided entirely by the feed pressure at very high feeds, so that the material flows into the external toothing 81 of the spinning chuck 82 and not into the elongation.
  • the tooth profile of the internal toothing to be formed on the preform 18 can thus be filled in better.
  • the displaceable and axially preloaded counter-holder 85 ensures that the counter-holder can be pushed back by an excess residual material as the tooth filling progresses.
  • the magnitude of the force of the counter-holder 85 depends on the resistance of the preform 18 to be formed.
  • the clamping device 88 exerts a constant pressure, as can be achieved in a simple manner, for example, by a plate spring assembly or a hydraulic spring.
  • the sleeve-shaped counter-holder 85 has a bevel 92 at its end, the bevel or cone angle of which is adapted to the angle of the conically arranged rolling elements 11.
  • FIG. 14 shows a further device according to the invention, in which an annular pressure chuck 82a with an internal toothing 94 is provided.
  • a preform 18 with a central opening is clamped as a workpiece on the chuck 82a.
  • the chuck 82a Via a drive, not shown, the chuck 82a is relative to a spindle 93 about an axis of rotation 46 rotatable.
  • the deformation is achieved with an axial relative movement between the spinning chuck 82a and the spindle 93.
  • An ejector 78 can be used for the axial clamping, not shown, corresponding to the type in FIG. 13 and / or for ejecting the finished workpiece.
  • the pusher 78 can be fixed or co-rotating.
  • a forming device 95 is attached to a spindle 93 by means of a clamping plate 96.
  • the forming device 95 comprises a cage 13 and a radially inner conical race 14.
  • the cage 13 consists of a basic race body 13a and a locking ring 13b.
  • Pocket-shaped recesses are provided in the cage base body 13a, in which conical roller bodies 11 are inserted and held axially by the screwed-on locking ring 13b.
  • the pocket-shaped recesses taper radially outwards towards the workpiece.
  • the rolling elements 11 each have a rolling element axis 9 which is at an acute angle to the axis of rotation 46.
  • FIG. 15 Another device according to the invention is shown in FIG. 15, in which the upper half shows a state at the beginning of the forming and the lower half shows a state towards the end of the forming.
  • a pot-shaped preform 18 is clamped on a spinning chuck 82 with external toothing 81 and is rotatably driven about the axis of rotation 46.
  • the preform 18 is by axial Delivery of the tailstock 84 clamped, on which a forming device with an annular cage 13 and roller bodies 11 mounted therein is attached.
  • the rolling elements 11 are rotatable in the cage 13 and can be displaced in a radial direction in relation to the axis of rotation 46 in recesses and are axially fixed.
  • a race 14 with a conical rolling surface 98 is mounted in a non-rotatable actuating element 97, which is axially displaceable relative to the tailstock 84.
  • the adjusting element 97 is displaced, for example with a hydraulic piston, by a stroke h in the direction of the chuck 82.
  • the conical rolling region 98 in cooperation with the conical arrangement of the rolling elements 11 results in a wedge slide mechanism, by means of which the rolling elements 11 are pushed radially inwards and the cylindrical wall of the preform 18 is pressed into the external toothing 81.
  • the cage 13 rotates relative to the actuating element 97 and the chuck 82, so that the rolling elements 11 orbit the axis of rotation 46 in a planetary manner.
  • FIG. 16 Another embodiment of the principle shown in FIG. 15 can be seen in FIG. 16.
  • two rolling elements 11 are rotatably and radially displaceably mounted, which have an outer profile with circumferential grooves and projections.
  • the rolling elements 11 are inserted in a simple manner into pocket-shaped recesses on a cage base body 13a and are rotatably and displaceably held in these recesses and axially fixed in position by a locking ring 13b.
  • an actuating element 97 is provided, which in addition to a sliding movement in the axial direction also takes over the function of the race.
  • a conical rolling area 98 is provided, on which the rolling elements 11 roll.
  • the stationary, axially displaceable preform 18 is pushed onto a shaping region 82b of the spinning chuck 82 on a stationary mandrel 79.
  • the mandrel 79 is also axially fixed.
  • the driven actuating element 97 which is rotatably and axially supported by means of bearings 100, is in contact with the conical running surfaces 98a of the rolling elements 11 by the axial displacement movement in the region of the conical running surfaces 98.
  • the rolling elements 11 are in contact with the boundary 99 of the dome 79 and the axial stroke H of the actuating element 97 is extended.
  • the actuating element 97 is retracted, the rolling elements 11 have no contact with the limitation 99. They are at a distance from this limitation 99.
  • the finished workpiece is released by the rolling elements 11.
  • the preform 18, which is a tube, can be replaced.
  • the preform 18 is in position by Clamping device clamped on the chuck 82.
  • the rolling elements 11 roll on the conical running surfaces 98.
  • the cage 13 rotates about the axis of rotation 46 so that the rolling elements 11 orbit the preform 18 located in the center of the axis of rotation 46 on the pin 18a in a planetary manner.
  • the cage 13 also rotates about the axis of rotation 46.
  • the rolling elements 11 are displaced radially in the direction of the preform 18 by the taper of the running surface 98 in the adjusting element 97.
  • the rolling elements 11 are held in position axially by the cage 13.
  • the device shown in FIG. 16 is shown on a 1: 1 scale. This makes it clear that, according to the invention, a particularly simple and thus also very compact arrangement for the pressure rolling of even small parts is possible.
  • the preform 18 is a piece of pipe, at the free end of which a connecting socket is molded.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
EP99101494A 1998-05-07 1999-01-27 Procédé et dispositif pour le fluotournage Expired - Lifetime EP0955110B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19820470 1998-05-07
DE19820470 1998-05-07
DE19830816 1998-07-09
DE19830816A DE19830816C2 (de) 1998-05-07 1998-07-09 Verfahren zum Drückwalzen und Drückwalzvorrichtung

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EP0955110A2 true EP0955110A2 (fr) 1999-11-10
EP0955110A3 EP0955110A3 (fr) 2000-05-24
EP0955110B1 EP0955110B1 (fr) 2004-04-07

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EP (1) EP0955110B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3202204B2 (fr)
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WO2004094083A2 (fr) * 2003-04-22 2004-11-04 Neumayer Tekfor Gmbh Procede de production d'une piece annulaire en forme de cuvette presentant une denture interieure
US7931419B2 (en) 2006-09-20 2011-04-26 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Connection of a first component to a second cylindrical component and method for mounting of the first and second components

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US20040139774A1 (en) * 2003-01-22 2004-07-22 Yahya Hodjat Method of forming a sprocket
US8042370B2 (en) * 2006-02-07 2011-10-25 Ronjo, Llc Flow formed gear
US20080105021A1 (en) * 2006-11-07 2008-05-08 Yahya Hodjat Method of forming a gear
US7819040B2 (en) * 2007-11-28 2010-10-26 Transform Automotive Llc Method for making vehicle axle differential casing and resultant product
US8444522B2 (en) 2010-04-27 2013-05-21 Metal Forming & Coining Corporation Flow-formed differential case assembly
US8628444B2 (en) 2010-07-01 2014-01-14 Metal Forming & Coining Corporation Flow-formed differential case assembly
JP5603283B2 (ja) * 2011-04-15 2014-10-08 松本工業株式会社 凹み加工装置
US9291057B2 (en) 2012-07-18 2016-03-22 United Technologies Corporation Tie shaft for gas turbine engine and flow forming method for manufacturing same
CN109513864B (zh) * 2018-12-28 2024-02-06 同共(湖北)精密成形有限公司 加工模具、加工装置及其加工方法与制品
CN113154021B (zh) * 2021-04-16 2023-10-13 江苏华永复合材料有限公司 带行星框架的钟形鼓总成及行星轮安装方法
CN113458433A (zh) * 2021-07-28 2021-10-01 宜春市诚顺机械制造有限公司 一种用于大型薄壁圆筒外螺纹加工的夹持工装

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004094083A2 (fr) * 2003-04-22 2004-11-04 Neumayer Tekfor Gmbh Procede de production d'une piece annulaire en forme de cuvette presentant une denture interieure
WO2004094083A3 (fr) * 2003-04-22 2005-01-20 Neumayer Holding Gmbh Procede de production d'une piece annulaire en forme de cuvette presentant une denture interieure
US7931419B2 (en) 2006-09-20 2011-04-26 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Connection of a first component to a second cylindrical component and method for mounting of the first and second components

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0955110A3 (fr) 2000-05-24
EP0955110B1 (fr) 2004-04-07
JP2000202556A (ja) 2000-07-25
CA2271115A1 (fr) 1999-11-07
JP3202204B2 (ja) 2001-08-27
US6227024B1 (en) 2001-05-08

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