EP0955107B1 - Mehod of deforming a circular shaped tube in a U-shaped profile and apparatus for executing this method - Google Patents

Mehod of deforming a circular shaped tube in a U-shaped profile and apparatus for executing this method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0955107B1
EP0955107B1 EP99108220A EP99108220A EP0955107B1 EP 0955107 B1 EP0955107 B1 EP 0955107B1 EP 99108220 A EP99108220 A EP 99108220A EP 99108220 A EP99108220 A EP 99108220A EP 0955107 B1 EP0955107 B1 EP 0955107B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
die
punch
shaped
abutment
profile
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EP99108220A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0955107A1 (en
Inventor
Rainer Dipl.-Ing. Hansen
Georg Wecker
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Benteler Deustchland GmbH
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Benteler Deustchland GmbH
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D17/00Forming single grooves in sheet metal or tubular or hollow articles
    • B21D17/02Forming single grooves in sheet metal or tubular or hollow articles by pressing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D47/00Making rigid structural elements or units, e.g. honeycomb structures
    • B21D47/01Making rigid structural elements or units, e.g. honeycomb structures beams or pillars

Definitions

  • a Output tube placed on the edges of an open die which corresponds to the outer contour of the U-shaped profile Has inner contour.
  • the opening dimension at the mouth of the die is generally smaller than that Output pipe diameter.
  • a strip-like Patrix which has a convexly curved tip then from the side opposite the die Output tube pressed in.
  • the patrix has an outer one Contour that corresponds to the inner contour of the profile.
  • the outlet pipe must be formed in the generally about a third of the pipe diameter over the Edges of the die. This creates immediately before the end position of the patrix a situation for the so-called ear covers in such a way that due to resulting moments of resistance on the ear covers the material below on the inside is stretched.
  • This stretch comes in particular in that by moving the male part together and die the material in the on both sides available gap between male and female due to high friction on the walls of patrix and Matrix in the sliding and rolling movement is hindered.
  • the invention is based on the prior art
  • the task is based on a method for forming an initial tube with a circular cross-section in a U-shaped Profile and a device for performing the method to provide, according to which a significant Reduction of the transverse stress on the material achieved is and thus the production is made more economical can be.
  • the front end is made using shaped mandrels positioned output pipe with a circumferential half supported on an abutment at least in some areas.
  • Support is understood to mean at least in some areas, in which the support of the output pipe opposite longitudinal edges avoided and that Output tube in a bowl-like receptacle is placed.
  • the strip-like patrix driven against the exit pipe and then this from the the abutment opposite side by means of Male pressed into a U shape. This press-in process takes place until the circumferential half loaded by the patrix of the output pipe over its inner surface with the inner surface of the circumferential half supported on the abutment came into contact.
  • the output pipe is through the patrix is initially pressed somewhat oval.
  • the exit tube under the Male until in the end position of the male in particular linear contact of the inner surfaces takes place. Due to the special embedding of the outlet pipe in the abutment the envelopes next to the patrix are relative large loops. This will make one excessive narrow deformation of the pipe material avoided, the the main cross-loading of the material is severe is reduced.
  • the male and one are then Die with one of the outer contour of the U-shaped to be produced Profile corresponding inner contour relative to each other relocated. This shift of male and female until the inner surface of the Half of the circumference loaded on the inner surface of the male the circumferential half supporting itself in the inner contour of the die form-fitting to the system. Only that both ear covers still form loops in the smallest size.
  • the U-shaped profile is subjected to calibration. This can vary depending on the contour and functionality of the fabricated Profile. This is another one Significant reduction in the transverse stress on the material connected.
  • the method consists in the features of claim 3 the outlet pipe is dimensioned smaller than 180 ° Half of the circumference on a circular trough one-piece abutment supported. This is with associated with the advantage that the ear covers can initially train with relatively large loops.
  • the patrix is then moved against the exit tube and pressed this in a U shape until the contact of the inner surfaces.
  • the abutment with the trough replaced by a die with a U-shaped inner contour, which corresponds to the outer contour of the U-profile. Then the patrix and the matrix are shifted relative to each other, until that, with the exception of the ear flaps, the inner surface the circumferential half loaded by the male part on the inner surface the circumferential half lying in the die comes to the system in a form-fitting manner.
  • Another advantageous embodiment of the invention Method is in the features of claim 4 sees. Then a three-part matrix is used as an abutment used at the same time in the second forming step defines the outer contour of the profile.
  • the starting pipe is over three Areas of a circumferential half offset by approximately 90 ° to one another supported on the die and the one opposite the die Half of the circumference through the patrix U-shaped indented until the inner surfaces are in line contact to step. Now all parts of the die and the The patrix is displaced relative to each other and the U-shaped one Profile created.
  • the loop-shaped ear covers are subject to a smooth rolling process because the roll radii can be set generously. With regard on the fact that the ear flaps on the profile none There is no contact with the tools Friction. The rolling takes place undisturbed.
  • the objective solution of the basis of the invention Task becomes according to a first embodiment seen in the features of claim 6.
  • a strip-like male with a convex curvature On the one hand, an abutment with a circular section Trough and on the other hand a die with a U-shaped inner contour and an arcuate diverging shape Mouth sections interchangeable and relatively relocatable assigned opposite.
  • claim 7 is a variant of an inventive Device described.
  • a strip-like Male with a convexly curved tip also function of an abutment, three-part matrix assigned relatively displaceable opposite.
  • the die is made up of one facing the patrix Support jaw and in itself the patrix supporting counter bearing supporting side mold jaws together.
  • the shaped jaws have the lateral outer contours of the later profile while the support jaw the arcuate area between the legs of the profile shaped.
  • the patrix also has trough-like depressions for the side envelopes.
  • the support jaw is preferably roof-shaped designed and her top is arched Provide trough.
  • the contour of the trough corresponds to the curvature of the arcuate section of the profile.
  • FIG. 1 in FIG. 1 denotes an output pipe made of steel, which has a circular cross section and deformed into a U-shaped profile 2 according to FIG. 3 shall be.
  • the output pipe 1 is first used according to FIG a circumferential half 3 in a circular trough one-piece abutment 4 placed.
  • the trough 7 is dimensioned smaller than 180 °.
  • the pipe axis 5 is thereby at a distance above the mouth edges 6 of the trough 7.
  • the distance between the mouth edges 6 is less than the diameter of the outlet pipe 1.
  • outlet pipe 1 is shown in FIG Way by positioned in the foreheads Shaped mandrels held in the position shown in Figure 1.
  • abutment 4 is a strip-shaped Male 8 with a convex curved tip 9. Die The contour of the patrix 8 corresponds to the inner contour of the one to be produced Profile 2.
  • FIGs 4 and 5 is a device for forming an outlet tube 1 which is circular in cross section Steel shown to a U-shaped profile 2, which has a three-part die 21, which also has an abutment function perceives.
  • the die 21 is composed of a central support jaw 22 and two side mold jaws 23 together.
  • the Support jaw 22 is roof-shaped with the same slope Inclined surfaces 24 and an arcuate trough 25 in the crest 26. Are supported on the inclined surfaces 24 Inclined surfaces 27 of the mold jaws 23, which on the other hand with sloping outer surfaces 28 on diverging inner surfaces 29 one also a strip-like male 8 support supporting thrust bearing 30.
  • the inside 31 of the mold jaws 23 are on the outer contour of the legs 32 adapted to the U-shaped profile.
  • the trough 25 in the Support jaw 23 is on the contour of the arcuate portion 33 of profile 2 adjusted.
  • the mold jaws 23 By subsequent further relative displacement of the male part 8 and die 21, the mold jaws 23 also being the same shift relative to the support jaw 22 and the counter bearing 30, then the cross-sectional contour of the profile 2 according to Figure 5 generated. It can be seen here that the loop-shaped ear covers 13 in the depressions 35 the mold jaws 23 and in recesses 20 on the male 8 inlay.
  • the device according to FIGS. 4 and 5 is also used the position of the output tube 1 in the position shown in FIG 4 by retracted into the front ends of the output tube 1 Shaped mandrels not shown during the Pre-deformation guaranteed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Description

Aus im Querschnitt kreisrunden Ausgangsrohren durch einen spanlosen Umformprozess erzeugte U-förmige Profile werden z.B. Querlenker für Pkw-Hinterachsen gefertigt.From exit pipes with a circular cross section through one U-shaped profiles produced without cutting e.g. Wishbones manufactured for car rear axles.

Bei dem bislang durchgeführten Umformprozess wird ein Ausgangsrohr auf die Kanten einer offenen Matrize gelegt, die eine der Außenkontur des U-förmigen Profils entsprechende Innenkontur besitzt. Hierbei ist das Öffnungsmaß an der Mündung der Matrize grundsätzlich kleiner als der Durchmesser des Ausgangsrohrs. Mit einer leistenartigen Patrize, die eine konvex gekrümmte Kuppe aufweist, wird dann von der der Matrize gegenüberliegenden Seite aus das Ausgangsrohr eingedrückt. Die Patrize besitzt eine äußere Kontur, die der Innenkontur des Profils entspricht. In the forming process carried out so far, a Output tube placed on the edges of an open die, which corresponds to the outer contour of the U-shaped profile Has inner contour. Here is the opening dimension at the mouth of the die is generally smaller than that Output pipe diameter. With a strip-like Patrix, which has a convexly curved tip then from the side opposite the die Output tube pressed in. The patrix has an outer one Contour that corresponds to the inner contour of the profile.

Im Hinblick auf den Sachverhalt, dass das Öffnungsmaß der Matrize grundsätzlich kleiner ist als der Durchmesser des Ausgangsrohrs muss im bekannten Fall beim Umformen im allgemeinen ca. ein Drittel des Rohrhalbmessers über die Kanten der Matrize gezogen werden. Dabei entsteht unmittelbar vor der Endposition der Patrize eine Situation für die sogenannten Ohrumschläge derart, dass aufgrund von sich einstellenden Widerstandsmomenten an den Ohrumschlägen das jeweils unten liegende Material auf der Innenseite gestreckt wird. Diese Streckung kommt insbesondere dadurch zustande, dass durch das Zusammenfahren von Patrize und Matrize das Material in dem auf beiden Seiten zur Verfügung stehenden Spalt zwischen Patrize und Matrize durch hohe Reibung an den Wänden von Patrize und Matrize in der Gleit- und Rollbewegung behindert wird. Diese Streckung erfolgt immer quer zur Walzrichtung des Metalls, aus dem ein Ausgangsrohr hergestellt wurde, so dass die mechanisch technologischen Kennwerte im Vergleich zu denen in Längsrichtung deutlich eingeschränkt sind. Je nach den mechanischen Kennwerten liegt dadurch die maximale plastische Querdehnung im Grenzbereich der tatsächlich auftretenden Dehnwerte.In view of the fact that the opening dimension of the Is generally smaller than the diameter of the die In the known case, the outlet pipe must be formed in the generally about a third of the pipe diameter over the Edges of the die. This creates immediately before the end position of the patrix a situation for the so-called ear covers in such a way that due to resulting moments of resistance on the ear covers the material below on the inside is stretched. This stretch comes in particular in that by moving the male part together and die the material in the on both sides available gap between male and female due to high friction on the walls of patrix and Matrix in the sliding and rolling movement is hindered. This stretching is always transverse to the rolling direction of the Metal from which an output pipe was made, so that compared the mechanical-technological parameters to those clearly limited in the longitudinal direction are. This depends on the mechanical parameters the maximum plastic transverse expansion in the limit range of actually occurring elongation values.

Bei Oberflächenrauhigkeiten, die insbesondere bei aus warmgewalzten Einsatzblechen gefertigten Ausgangsrohren relativ groß sind, kann mithin im oberen Grenzbereich der Rauhigkeitswerte eine kritische Anrisssituation entstehen.In the case of surface roughness, particularly in the case of hot-rolled insert sheets manufactured output tubes are relatively large, can therefore in the upper limit Roughness values result in a critical cracking situation.

Der Erfindung liegt ausgehend vom Stand der Technik die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zum Umformen eines Ausgangsrohrs mit kreisrundem Querschnitt in ein U-förmiges Profil sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens bereitzustellen, gemäß welchen eine erhebliche Reduzierung der Querbeanspruchung des Materials erzielt wird und dadurch die Fertigung wirtschaftlicher gestaltet werden kann.The invention is based on the prior art The task is based on a method for forming an initial tube with a circular cross-section in a U-shaped Profile and a device for performing the method to provide, according to which a significant Reduction of the transverse stress on the material achieved is and thus the production is made more economical can be.

Was die Lösung des grundsätzlichen verfahrensmäßigen Teils der Aufgabe anlangt, so wird diese in den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 erblickt.As for the solution of the basic procedural When part of the task arrives, it is described in the characteristics of claim 1 sees.

Danach wird zunächst das an den Stirnenden durch Formdorne positionierte Ausgangsrohr mit einer Umfangshälfte an einem Widerlager mindestens bereichsweise abgestützt. Unter mindestens bereichsweise wird eine Abstützung verstanden, bei welcher die Auflage des Ausgangsrohrs auf einander gegenüberliegenden Längskanten vermieden und das Ausgangsrohr gewissermaßen in eine schalenartige Aufnahme gelegt wird. Anschließend wird die leistenartige Patrize gegen das Ausgangsrohr gefahren und dieses dann von der dem Widerlager gegenüberliegenden Seite aus mittels der Patrize U-förmig eingedrückt. Dieser Eindrückvorgang erfolgt so lange, bis die von der Patrize belastete Umfangshälfte des Ausgangsrohrs über ihre Innenfläche mit der Innenfläche der am Widerlager abgestützten Umfangshälfte in Kontakt gelangt.After that, the front end is made using shaped mandrels positioned output pipe with a circumferential half supported on an abutment at least in some areas. Support is understood to mean at least in some areas, in which the support of the output pipe opposite longitudinal edges avoided and that Output tube in a bowl-like receptacle is placed. Then the strip-like patrix driven against the exit pipe and then this from the the abutment opposite side by means of Male pressed into a U shape. This press-in process takes place until the circumferential half loaded by the patrix of the output pipe over its inner surface with the inner surface of the circumferential half supported on the abutment came into contact.

Bei diesem Verfahrensschritt wird das Ausgangsrohr durch die Patrize zunächst etwas oval gedrückt. Beim weiteren Verlagern der Patrize fällt das Ausgangsrohr unter der Patrize ein, bis in der Endposition der Patrize der insbesondere linienförmige Kontakt der Innenflächen erfolgt. Durch die besondere Einbettung des Ausgangsrohrs im Widerlager haben die Ohrumschläge neben der Patrize relativ groß geführte Schleifen. Hierdurch wird eine übermäßig enge Einformung des Rohrmaterials vermieden, wobei die hauptsächliche Querbeanspruchung des Materials gravierend vermindert wird. In this step, the output pipe is through the patrix is initially pressed somewhat oval. In the further Moving the patrix drops the exit tube under the Male until in the end position of the male in particular linear contact of the inner surfaces takes place. Due to the special embedding of the outlet pipe in the abutment the envelopes next to the patrix are relative large loops. This will make one excessive narrow deformation of the pipe material avoided, the the main cross-loading of the material is severe is reduced.

Wichtig ist bei diesem Verformungsschritt, dass das Ausgangsrohr als solches in seiner Lage verbleibt, was mit Hilfe der in den Stirnenden positionierten Formdorne gewährleistet wird. Hier behält das Ausgangsrohr auch seinen ursprünglichen Querschnitt bei.It is important in this deformation step that the starting pipe as such, what remains with it Assured by the mandrels positioned in the front ends becomes. Here the outlet pipe also keeps its original cross section at.

Im zweiten Umformschritt werden dann die Patrize und eine Matrize mit einer der Außenkontur des herzustellenden U-förmigen Profils entsprechenden Innenkontur relativ zueinander verlagert. Diese Verlagerung von Patrize und Matrize erfolgt so lange, bis die Innenfläche der von der Patrize belasteten Umfangshälfte an der Innenfläche der sich in der Innenkontur der Matrize abstützenden Umfangshälfte formschlüssig zur Anlage gelangt. Lediglich die beiden Ohrumschläge bilden nach wie vor Schleifen in der geringsten Größe.In the second forming step, the male and one are then Die with one of the outer contour of the U-shaped to be produced Profile corresponding inner contour relative to each other relocated. This shift of male and female until the inner surface of the Half of the circumference loaded on the inner surface of the male the circumferential half supporting itself in the inner contour of the die form-fitting to the system. Only that both ear covers still form loops in the smallest size.

Wichtig ist in diesem Zusammenhang, dass das Formen der Ohrumschläge ohne Reibung erfolgt, da diese keinen Kontakt mit den Werkzeugen haben. Ihre rollende Erzeugung verläuft ungestört ab.It is important in this context that the shaping of the Envelopes are made without friction, as this is no contact with the tools. Your rolling generation runs undisturbed.

Soweit erforderlich ist es gemäß Anspruch 2 möglich, dass das U-förmige Profil einer Kalibrierung unterworfen wird. Dies kann je nach Kontur und Funktionalität des gefertigten Profils durchgeführt werden. Hiermit ist eine weitere erhebliche Reduzierung der Querbeanspruchung des Materials verbunden.If necessary, it is possible according to claim 2 that the U-shaped profile is subjected to calibration. This can vary depending on the contour and functionality of the fabricated Profile. This is another one Significant reduction in the transverse stress on the material connected.

Eine vorteilhafte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens besteht in den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 3. Danach wird das Ausgangsrohr mit einer kleiner als 180° bemessenen Umfangshälfte an einem kreisabschnittsförmig gemuldeten einteiligen Widerlager abgestützt. Dies ist mit dem Vorteil verbunden, dass die Ohrumschläge sich zunächst mit relativ großen Schleifen ausbilden können. An advantageous embodiment of the invention The method consists in the features of claim 3 the outlet pipe is dimensioned smaller than 180 ° Half of the circumference on a circular trough one-piece abutment supported. This is with associated with the advantage that the ear covers can initially train with relatively large loops.

Anschließend wird die Patrize gegen das Ausgangsrohr verlagert und dieses U-förmig eingedrückt, bis der Kontakt der Innenflächen erfolgt.The patrix is then moved against the exit tube and pressed this in a U shape until the contact of the inner surfaces.

Im Anschluss daran wird das Widerlager mit der Mulde durch eine Matrize mit einer U-förmigen Innenkontur ersetzt, die der Außenkontur des U-Profils entspricht. Dann werden Patrize und Matrize relativ zueinander verlagert, bis dass mit Ausnahme der Ohrumschläge die Innenfläche der von der Patrize belasteten Umfangshälfte an der Innenfläche der in der Matrize liegenden Umfangshälfte formschlüssig zur Anlage kommt.Then the abutment with the trough replaced by a die with a U-shaped inner contour, which corresponds to the outer contour of the U-profile. Then the patrix and the matrix are shifted relative to each other, until that, with the exception of the ear flaps, the inner surface the circumferential half loaded by the male part on the inner surface the circumferential half lying in the die comes to the system in a form-fitting manner.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird in den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 4 erblickt. Danach wird als Widerlager eine dreiteilige Matrize eingesetzt, die zugleich im zweiten Umformschritt die Außenkontur des Profils festlegt.Another advantageous embodiment of the invention Method is in the features of claim 4 sees. Then a three-part matrix is used as an abutment used at the same time in the second forming step defines the outer contour of the profile.

Im ersten Umformschritt wird das Ausgangsrohr über drei um etwa 90° zueinander versetzte Bereiche einer Umfangshälfte an der Matrize abgestützt und die der Matrize gegenüberliegende Umfangshälfte durch die Patrize U-förmig eingedrückt, bis die Innenflächen linienförmig in Kontakt treten. Nunmehr werden alle Teile der Matrize und die Patrize relativ zueinander verlagert und hierbei das U-förmige Profil erzeugt.In the first forming step, the starting pipe is over three Areas of a circumferential half offset by approximately 90 ° to one another supported on the die and the one opposite the die Half of the circumference through the patrix U-shaped indented until the inner surfaces are in line contact to step. Now all parts of the die and the The patrix is displaced relative to each other and the U-shaped one Profile created.

Im zweiten Verformungsschritt wird die Rohrwandung von den Formbacken seitlich an die Kontur der Patrize gedrückt, wobei nur eine minimale Relativbewegung zwischen den seitlichen Formbacken und dem eingedrückten Ausgangsrohr auftritt. Die schleifenförmigen Ohrumschläge unterliegen hierbei einem weichen Abrollprozess, da die Rollradien großzügig festgelegt werden können. Im Hinblick auf den Sachverhalt, dass die Ohrumschläge am Profil keinen Kontakt mit den Werkzeugen haben, entsteht auch keine Reibung. Das Rollen läuft ungestört ab.In the second deformation step, the tube wall of the mold jaws pressed against the side of the male part, with only a minimal relative movement between the side mold jaws and the indented outlet tube occurs. The loop-shaped ear covers are subject to a smooth rolling process because the roll radii can be set generously. With regard on the fact that the ear flaps on the profile none There is no contact with the tools Friction. The rolling takes place undisturbed.

Da das Rollen vom ersten Kontakt der Patrize mit dem Ausgangsrohr bis zum verformenden Einsatz der seitlichen Formbacken unbehindert abläuft, tritt bis dahin keine Wandschwächung auf. Zum Zeitpunkt des Einsatzes der Formbacken ist die Kontur des Profils so fertiggestellt, dass ein vertikales Ziehen an den innen liegenden Übergängen zu den Ohrumschlägen nicht eintritt. Bei der Relativverlagerung von Patrize und Matrize wird der Rollradius dann kontinuierlich verkleinert, erreicht aber seine enge Endkontur erst, nachdem die Innenflächen formschlüssig aneinander liegen.Because the rolling from the first contact of the patrix with the starting tube up to the deforming use of the side Mold baking runs unhindered, none occurs until then Wall weakening on. At the time of using the mold jaws the contour of the profile is finished in such a way that a vertical pull on the internal transitions does not occur to the ear covers. With the relative shift The rolling radius then becomes the male and female continuously reduced in size, but reaches its narrow final contour only after the inner surfaces fit together lie.

Entsprechend den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 5 können alle erforderlichen oder gewünschten Verprägungen in der Endposition der Patrize mittels Ziehkissen oder anderer Werkzeugtechniken in das Profil eingebracht werden.According to the features of claim 5, all can required or desired embossments in the end position the patrix using a cushion or other Tool techniques are introduced into the profile.

Die gegenständliche Lösung der der Erfindung zugrundeliegenden Aufgabe wird entsprechend einer ersten Ausführungsform in den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 6 gesehen. Danach sind einer leistenartigen Patrize mit konvex gekrümmter Kuppe einerseits ein Widerlager mit einer kreisabschnittsförmigen Mulde und andererseits eine Matrize mit U-förmiger Innenkontur sowie bogenförmig divergierenden Mündungsabschnitten austauschbar sowie relativ verlagerbar gegenüberliegend zugeordnet.The objective solution of the basis of the invention Task becomes according to a first embodiment seen in the features of claim 6. After that are a strip-like male with a convex curvature On the one hand, an abutment with a circular section Trough and on the other hand a die with a U-shaped inner contour and an arcuate diverging shape Mouth sections interchangeable and relatively relocatable assigned opposite.

Die sich nicht über den gesamten Durchmesser des Ausgangsrohrs erstreckende Mulde erlaubt es, dass im ersten Umformschritt das Ausgangsrohr eine Ovalität annehmen und sich hierbei die seitlichen Ohrumschläge mit großzügigen Schleifen langsam ausbilden können. Anschließend wird die Patrize zurückverlagert und das Widerlager durch eine Matrize mit U-förmiger Innenkontur und bogenförmig divergierenden Mündungsabschnitten ersetzt. Wenn dann das U-förmig eingedrückte Ausgangsrohr in die Matrize gelegt und anschließend die Patrize oder die Matrize verlagert bzw. beide Teile gegeneinander verlagert werden, gleitet das vorgeformte Profil in die U-förmige Innenkontur der Matrize, bis letzten Endes bis auf die Ohrumschläge die Innenfläche der von der Patrize belasteten Umfangshälfte an der Innenfläche der in der Matrize liegenden Umfangshälfte satt anliegt. Gemuldete Vertiefungen in der Matrize bzw. der Patrize sorgen dafür, dass bei ihrer Formung die Ohrumschläge keinen Zwängungen unterworfen werden.That does not cover the entire diameter of the output pipe extending trough allows that in the first Forming step, the outlet pipe assume an ovality and the side ear covers with generous Can form loops slowly. Then the Patrons moved back and the abutment by a Matrix with a U-shaped inner contour and an arcuate diverging shape Mouth sections replaced. Then if the U-shaped pressed-in output tube placed in the die and then relocated the male or female or both parts are moved against each other, slides the preformed profile in the U-shaped inner contour of the Matrix until the end, except for the ear envelopes Inner surface of the circumferential half loaded by the male on the inner surface of the circumferential half lying in the die fits snugly. Dug deepening in the The matrix or the patrix ensure that with their Shaping the ear envelopes not subject to constraints become.

Im Anspruch 7 ist eine Variante einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung beschrieben. Danach ist einer leistenartigen Patrize mit konvex gekrümmter Kuppe eine auch die Funktion eines Widerlagers wahrnehmende dreiteilige Matrize relativ verlagerbar gegenüberliegend zugeordnet. Die Matrize setzt sich aus einer der Patrize frontal gegenüberliegenden Stützbacke und aus sich an einem die Patrize tragenden Gegenlager abstützenden seitlichen Formbacken zusammen. Die Formbacken weisen die seitlichen Außenkonturen des späteren Profils auf, während die Stützbacke den bogenförmigen Bereich zwischen den Schenkeln des Profils formt. Auch die Patrize besitzt muldenartige Vertiefungen für die seitlichen Ohrumschläge.In claim 7 is a variant of an inventive Device described. After that is a strip-like Male with a convexly curved tip also function of an abutment, three-part matrix assigned relatively displaceable opposite. The die is made up of one facing the patrix Support jaw and in itself the patrix supporting counter bearing supporting side mold jaws together. The shaped jaws have the lateral outer contours of the later profile while the support jaw the arcuate area between the legs of the profile shaped. The patrix also has trough-like depressions for the side envelopes.

Bevorzugt ist nach Anspruch 8 die Stützbacke dachförmig gestaltet und ihre Kuppe ist mit einer bogenförmigen Mulde versehen. Die Kontur der Mulde entspricht der Krümmung des bogenförmigen Abschnitts des Profils.According to claim 8, the support jaw is preferably roof-shaped designed and her top is arched Provide trough. The contour of the trough corresponds to the curvature of the arcuate section of the profile.

Zweckmäßig ist es gemäß Anspruch 9, wenn die seitlichen Formbacken mit sich an dachförmigen Schrägflächen der Stützbacke und an divergierenden Innenflächen des Gegenlagers abstützenden Schrägflächen versehen sind. Hierdurch wird der in der Regel zweistufige Umformvorgang sicher gewährleistet. Gegebenenfalls kann der gesamte Umformprozess auch nur in einem einzigen Umformschritt durchgezogen werden.It is expedient according to claim 9 if the lateral Mold jaws with roof-shaped inclined surfaces Support jaw and on diverging inner surfaces of the counter bearing supporting inclined surfaces are provided. hereby the usually two-stage forming process becomes safe guaranteed. If necessary, the entire forming process even in a single forming step be pulled through.

Die Erfindung ist nachfolgend anhand von in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert.The invention is based on in the drawings illustrated embodiments explained in more detail.

Es zeigen:

Figur 1
im vertikalen schematischen Querschnitt eine Vorrichtung zur Umformung eines kreisrunden Ausgangsrohrs zu einem U-förmigen Profil vor der Umformung;
Figur 2
die Vorrichtung der Figur 1 am Ende eines ersten Umformschritts;
Figur 3
die Vorrichtung der Figur 1 während der Umformung und nach einem zweiten Umformschritt;
Figur 4
im vertikalen schematischen Querschnitt eine weitere Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zur Umformung eines kreisrunden Ausgangsrohrs zu einem U-förmigen Profil vor der Umformung und
Figur 5
die Vorrichtung der Figur 4 nach der Umformung.
Show it:
Figure 1
in the vertical schematic cross section a device for forming a circular exit tube into a U-shaped profile before the forming;
Figure 2
the device of Figure 1 at the end of a first forming step;
Figure 3
the device of Figure 1 during the forming and after a second forming step;
Figure 4
in the vertical schematic cross section a further embodiment of a device for forming a circular starting tube into a U-shaped profile before the forming and
Figure 5
the device of Figure 4 after the forming.

Mit 1 ist in der Figur 1 ein Ausgangsrohr aus Stahl bezeichnet, welches einen kreisrunden Querschnitt aufweist und in ein U-förmiges Profil 2 gemäß Figur 3 verformt werden soll.1 in FIG. 1 denotes an output pipe made of steel, which has a circular cross section and deformed into a U-shaped profile 2 according to FIG. 3 shall be.

Dazu wird das Ausgangsrohr 1 zunächst gemäß Figur 1 mit einer Umfangshälfte 3 in ein kreisabschnittsförmig gemuldetes einteiliges Widerlager 4 gelegt. Die Mulde 7 ist kleiner als 180° bemessen. Die Rohrachse 5 liegt dadurch mit Abstand oberhalb der Mündungskanten 6 der Mulde 7. Die Distanz zwischen den Mündungskanten 6 ist kleiner als der Durchmesser des Ausgangsrohrs 1.For this purpose, the output pipe 1 is first used according to FIG a circumferential half 3 in a circular trough one-piece abutment 4 placed. The trough 7 is dimensioned smaller than 180 °. The pipe axis 5 is thereby at a distance above the mouth edges 6 of the trough 7. The distance between the mouth edges 6 is less than the diameter of the outlet pipe 1.

Endseitig wird das Ausgangsrohr 1 in nicht näher dargestellter Weise durch in den Stirnenden positionierte Formdorne in der in Figur 1 gezeichneten Lage gehalten.At the end, the outlet pipe 1 is shown in FIG Way by positioned in the foreheads Shaped mandrels held in the position shown in Figure 1.

Oberhalb des Widerlagers 4 befindet sich eine leistenförmige Patrize 8 mit einer konvex gekrümmten Kuppe 9. Die Kontur der Patrize 8 entspricht der Innenkontur des herzustellenden Profils 2.Above the abutment 4 is a strip-shaped Male 8 with a convex curved tip 9. Die The contour of the patrix 8 corresponds to the inner contour of the one to be produced Profile 2.

Durch Verlagerung der Patrize 8 in Richtung auf das Widerlager 4 wird gemäß Figur 2 die der Patrize 8 zugewandte Umfangshälfte 10 des Ausgangsrohrs 1 U-förmig eingedrückt, bis dass die Innenfläche 11 dieser Umfangshälfte 10 die Innenfläche 12 der in der Mulde 7 liegenden Umfangshälfte 3 linienförmig kontaktiert. Hierbei bilden sich zwängungsfrei oberhalb des Widerlagers 4 und seitlich der Patrize 8 schleifenförmige Ohrumschläge 13 aus.By moving the male 8 in the direction of the abutment 4 is the one facing the male 8 according to FIG Circumferential half 10 of the output tube 1 pressed in a U-shape, until that the inner surface 11 of this circumferential half 10 the inner surface 12 of the lying in the trough 7 Circumferential half 3 contacted in a line. Form here itself without constraint above the abutment 4 and laterally the male 8 loop-shaped ear covers 13.

Danach wird die Patrize 8 wieder vom Widerlager 4 weg verlagert und das Widerlager 4 durch eine aus der Figur 3 erkennbare Matrize 14 mit einer an die gewünschte Außenkontur des Profils 2 angepassten U-förmigen Innenkontur 15 ersetzt. Dann wird das gemäß Figur 2 eingedrückte Ausgangsrohr 16 an den bogenförmig divergierenden Mündungsabschnitten 17 der Innenkontur 15 der Matrize 14 plaziert. Anschließend werden Patrize 8 und Matrize 14 zueinander relativverlagert. Dabei wird dann das U-förmige Profil 2 erzeugt. Da dieses Profil 2 seitliche schleifenförmige Ohrumschläge 13 aufweist, weisen sowohl die Innenkontur 15 der Matrize 14 als auch die Oberfläche 18 der Patrize 8 an die Ohrumschläge 13 angepasste muldenförmige Vertiefungen 19, 20 auf.Then the male 8 is again away from the abutment 4 relocated and the abutment 4 by one from FIG Recognizable die 14 with a desired outer contour the profile 2 adapted U-shaped inner contour 15 replaced. Then the outlet pipe pressed in according to FIG. 2 16 at the arcuate diverging mouth sections 17 of the inner contour 15 of the die 14 is placed. Then male 8 and female 14 are mutually relatively shifted. Then the U-shaped Profile 2 generated. Because this profile 2 side loop-shaped Ear envelopes 13 have both the inner contour 15 of the die 14 and the surface 18 the patrix 8 trough-shaped adapted to the ear covers 13 Wells 19, 20 on.

In den Figuren 4 und 5 ist eine Vorrichtung zur Umformung eines im Querschnitt kreisrunden Ausgangsrohrs 1 aus Stahl zu einem U-förmigen Profil 2 dargestellt, welche eine dreiteilige Matrize 21 aufweist, die auch eine Widerlagerfunktion wahrnimmt.In Figures 4 and 5 is a device for forming an outlet tube 1 which is circular in cross section Steel shown to a U-shaped profile 2, which has a three-part die 21, which also has an abutment function perceives.

Die Matrize 21 setzt sich aus einer mittigen Stützbacke 22 sowie aus zwei seitlichen Formbacken 23 zusammen. Die Stützbacke 22 ist dachförmig gestaltet mit gleich abfallenden Schrägflächen 24 und einer bogenförmigen Mulde 25 in der Kuppe 26. Auf den Schrägflächen 24 stützen sich Schrägflächen 27 der Formbacken 23 ab, die sich andererseits mit schrägen Außenflächen 28 an divergierenden Innenflächen 29 eines auch eine leistenartige Patrize 8 tragenden Gegenlagers 30 abstützen. Die Innenseiten 31 der Formbacken 23 sind an die Außenkontur der Schenkel 32 des U-förmigen Profils angepasst. Die Mulde 25 in der Stützbacke 23 ist an die Kontur des bogenförmigen Abschnitts 33 des Profils 2 angeglichen.The die 21 is composed of a central support jaw 22 and two side mold jaws 23 together. The Support jaw 22 is roof-shaped with the same slope Inclined surfaces 24 and an arcuate trough 25 in the crest 26. Are supported on the inclined surfaces 24 Inclined surfaces 27 of the mold jaws 23, which on the other hand with sloping outer surfaces 28 on diverging inner surfaces 29 one also a strip-like male 8 support supporting thrust bearing 30. The inside 31 of the mold jaws 23 are on the outer contour of the legs 32 adapted to the U-shaped profile. The trough 25 in the Support jaw 23 is on the contour of the arcuate portion 33 of profile 2 adjusted.

Zur Herstellung des Profils 2 gemäß Figur 5 werden zunächst Matrize 21 und Gegenlager 30 mit Patrize 8 voneinander weg verlagert und das kreisrunde Ausgangsrohr 1 in der aus Figur 4 erkennbaren Lage in die Matrize 21 eingebettet. Das Ausgangsrohr 1 stützt sich hierbei an den die Mulde 25 begrenzenden Längskanten 34 an der Kuppe 26 der Stützbacke 22 sowie in zwei muldenförmigen Vertiefungen 35 der Innenseiten 31 der Formbacken 23 ab.To produce the profile 2 according to FIG. 5 first die 21 and counter bearing 30 with male 8 from each other shifted away and the circular exit pipe 1 in the position shown in FIG. 4 into the die 21 embedded. The output pipe 1 is supported here the longitudinal edges 34 delimiting the trough 25 on the dome 26 of the support jaw 22 and in two trough-shaped depressions 35 from the inside 31 of the mold jaws 23.

Anschließend wird das Gegenlager 30 relativ zur Matrize 21 verlagert, wobei die Patrize 8 analog zu der Darstellung der Figur 2 die der Patrize 8 benachbarte Umfangshälfte 10 des Ausgangsrohrs 1 U-förmig eindrückt, bis sich die Innenfläche 11 dieser Umfangshälfte 10 an der Innenfläche 12 der sich in der Matrize 21 abstützenden Umfangshälfte 3 linienförmig anlegt.Then the counter bearing 30 is relative to the die 21 relocated, the male 8 analogous to the illustration 2 the circumferential half adjacent to the male part 8 10 of the output tube 1 presses in a U-shape until the inner surface 11 of this circumferential half 10 on the Inner surface 12 of the ones supported in the die 21 Circumferential half 3 lines up.

Durch anschließende weitere Relativverlagerung von Patrize 8 und Matrize 21, wobei auch die Formbacken 23 sich relativ zur Stützbacke 22 und zum Gegenlager 30 verlagern, wird dann die Querschnittskontur des Profils 2 gemäß Figur 5 erzeugt. Hierbei ist zu erkennen, dass die schleifenförmigen Ohrumschläge 13 in den Vertiefungen 35 der Formbacken 23 sowie in Vertiefungen 20 an der Patrize 8 einliegen.By subsequent further relative displacement of the male part 8 and die 21, the mold jaws 23 also being the same shift relative to the support jaw 22 and the counter bearing 30, then the cross-sectional contour of the profile 2 according to Figure 5 generated. It can be seen here that the loop-shaped ear covers 13 in the depressions 35 the mold jaws 23 and in recesses 20 on the male 8 inlay.

Auch bei der Vorrichtung gemäß den Figuren 4 und 5 wird die Lage des Ausgangsrohrs 1 in der Position gemäß Figur 4 durch in die Stirnenden des Ausgangsrohrs 1 eingefahrene nicht näher veranschaulichte Formdorne während der Vorverformung gewährleistet. The device according to FIGS. 4 and 5 is also used the position of the output tube 1 in the position shown in FIG 4 by retracted into the front ends of the output tube 1 Shaped mandrels not shown during the Pre-deformation guaranteed.

BezugszeichenaufstellungREFERENCE NUMBERS

1 -1 -
Ausgangsrohroutlet pipe
2 -2 -
U-förmiges ProfilU-shaped profile
3 -3 -
Umfangshälfte v. 1Circumference v. 1
4 -4 -
Widerlagerabutment
5 -5 -
Rohrachsepipe axis
6 -6 -
Mündungskanten v. 7Muzzle edges v. 7
7 -7 -
Mulde in 4Trough in 4th
8 -8th -
Patrizepunch
9 -9 -
Kuppe v. 8Kuppe v. 8th
10 -10 -
Umfangshälfte v. 1Circumference v. 1
11 -11 -
Innenfläche v. 10Inner surface v. 10
12 -12 -
Innenfläche v. 3Inner surface v. 3
13 -13 -
Ohrumschlägeear portions
14 -14 -
Matrizedie
15 -15 -
Innenkontur v. 14Inner contour of 14
16 -16 -
eingedrücktes Ausgangsrohrindented outlet pipe
17 -17 -
Mündungsabschnitte v. 15Muzzle sections v. 15
18 -18 -
Oberfläche v. 8Surface v. 8th
19 -19 -
Vertiefungen an 15Deepening on 15
20 -20 -
Vertiefungen an 8Deepening on 8
21 -21 -
Matrizedie
22 -22 -
Stützbacke v. 21Support jaw v. 21
23 -23 -
Formbacke v. 21Formbacke v. 21
24 -24 -
Schrägflächen v. 22Inclined surfaces v. 22
25 -25 -
Mulde in 26Trough in 26
26 -26 -
Kuppe v. 22Kuppe v. 22
27 -27 -
Schrägflächen v. 23Inclined surfaces v. 23
28 -28 -
Außenseiten v. 23 Outsides v. 23
29 -29 -
Innenflächen v. 30Inner surfaces v. 30
30 -30 -
Gegenlagerthrust bearing
31 -31 -
Innenseiten v. 23Inside of v. 23
32 -32 -
Schenkel v. 2Thigh v. 2
33 -33 -
Bogen v. 2Bow of 2
34 -34 -
Längskanten v. 25Longitudinal edges from 25
35 -35 -
Vertiefungen in 31Deepening in 31

Claims (9)

  1. A method of forming a tube blank (1) of circular cross-section into a U-shaped profile (2), wherein the inner surface (11) of a peripheral half (10) of the tube blank (1) bears positively, except for lateral loop-shaped lobes (13), against the inner surface (12) of the oppositely situated peripheral half (3), wherein the tube blank (1) positioned at the end faces by locating pins is first supported, at least in zones, by a perhipheral half (3) against an abutment (4, 21) and is pressed in the form of a U by a punch (8) in the form of a ledge situated frontally opposite the abutment (4, 21) and having a convexly curved crest (9) until contact between the peripheral half (10) of the tube blank (1) loaded by the punch (8) and the diametrically oppositely situated peripheral half (3), whereupon the punch (8) and a die (14, 21) having the outer contour of the profile (2) are moved relatively to one another until completion of the U-shaped profile (2), the locating pins which remain in the end faces being shifted accordingly.
  2. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that the U-shaped profile (2) is subjected to a calibration.
  3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the tube blank (1) is supported against a one-piece abutment (4) troughed in the form of a portion of a circle and the oppositely situated peripheral half (10) is pressed into the form of a U by the punch (8), the abutment (4) then being replaced by a die (14) of U-shaped inside contour (15) and the tube blank (16) pressed into the form of a U being finally formed into the U-shaped profile by the punch (8) and the die (14).
  4. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the tube blank (1) is supported against a three-part die (21) as an abutment over three zones of a peripheral half (3) offset by approximately 90° from one another and the oppositely situated peripheral half (10) is pressed into a form of a U by the punch (8), whereupon the three parts (22, 23) of the die (21) and the punch (8) are moved relatively to one another and the tube blank (16) pressed into the form of a U is finally formed into the U-shaped profile (2).
  5. A method according to any one of claims 1 - 4, characterised in that embossings are formed in the profile (2) in the end position of the punch (8) by means of die cushions or other tool techniques.
  6. Apparatus for performing the method according to any one of claims 1 - 3, characterised in that there are interchangeably associated with a punch (8) in the form of a ledge having a convexly curved crest (9), on the one hand, an abutment (4) having a trough (7) in the form of a portion of a circle and, on the other hand, a die (14) having a U-shaped inside contour (15) and arcuately diverging orifice portions (17), the said elements being disposed opposite one another and displaceable relatively to one another.
  7. Apparatus for performing the method according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 4 characterised in that a three-part die (21) which also carries out the function of an abutment is associated with a punch (8) in a form of a ledge having a convexly curved crest (9), the said elements being disposed opposite one another and displaceable relatively to one another, the die (21) consisting of a support jaw (22) situated frontally opposite the punch (8) and of two lateral forming jaws (23) which bear on the one hand against the support jaw (2) and on the other hand against a co-acting bearing (30) carrying the punch (8).
  8. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterised in that the support jaw (2) is roof-shaped and its crest (26) is provided with an arcuate trough (25).
  9. Apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterised in that the lateral forming jaws (23) are provided with inclined surfaces (27, 28) bearing against roof-shaped inclined surfaces (24) of the support jaw (22) and against diverging inside surfaces (29) of the co-acting bearing (30).
EP99108220A 1998-05-07 1999-04-27 Mehod of deforming a circular shaped tube in a U-shaped profile and apparatus for executing this method Expired - Lifetime EP0955107B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19820415 1998-05-07
DE19820415A DE19820415C1 (en) 1998-05-07 1998-05-07 Method of forming vehicle axle tube into U-shaped profile

Publications (2)

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EP0955107A1 EP0955107A1 (en) 1999-11-10
EP0955107B1 true EP0955107B1 (en) 2002-12-04

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US (1) US6119501A (en)
EP (1) EP0955107B1 (en)
BR (1) BR9901459A (en)
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CZ9901650A3 (en) 2000-10-11
DE59903620D1 (en) 2003-01-16
EP0955107A1 (en) 1999-11-10
BR9901459A (en) 2000-01-04
CZ297046B6 (en) 2006-08-16
US6119501A (en) 2000-09-19
DE19820415C1 (en) 1999-09-16

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