EP1016473B1 - Method and apparatus for forming pieces - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for forming pieces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1016473B1
EP1016473B1 EP99125004A EP99125004A EP1016473B1 EP 1016473 B1 EP1016473 B1 EP 1016473B1 EP 99125004 A EP99125004 A EP 99125004A EP 99125004 A EP99125004 A EP 99125004A EP 1016473 B1 EP1016473 B1 EP 1016473B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
expansion
expansion elements
edge
tool
workpiece
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP99125004A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1016473A2 (en
EP1016473A3 (en
Inventor
Lonka Bürgel
Frank Schieck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KUKA Systems GmbH
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KUKA Werkzeugbau Schwarzenberg GmbH
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Publication of EP1016473A2 publication Critical patent/EP1016473A2/en
Publication of EP1016473A3 publication Critical patent/EP1016473A3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/10—Stamping using yieldable or resilient pads
    • B21D22/12—Stamping using yieldable or resilient pads using enclosed flexible chambers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49805—Shaping by direct application of fluent pressure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for molding Molded parts or a device for performing this method (see e.g. U.S.-A-4,829,803).
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of a method and to create a device by means of which a reforming of molded parts in critical edge and Corner areas can be done.
  • the stated object is achieved with a Process of the type mentioned solved in which a Reshaping preformed parts only in Edge and corner area using high-pressure liquid he follows.
  • An apparatus for molding molded parts is characterized by a to solve the problem Mold part with in its edge and corner areas concave expansion spaces, directly or indirectly are pressurized with high liquid pressure.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that only at edge and corner areas of a mold part trained expansion rooms with high-pressure liquid be acted upon, particularly in recessed Edge and corner areas of a mold part (mold insert) in areas of the molded part to be deformed adjacent, closed expansion elements with high-pressure liquid be charged.
  • the expansion rooms the corresponding tool part, which is a mold insert, or a lower or upper part of a tool can, as far as such, by convex formations of such concave areas facing them of the workpiece or molded part, can be directly exposed to high liquid pressure become.
  • edges and Corner areas of a preformed workpiece or preformed molded part local radii under high liquid pressure be reshaped. Due to the small projection area with liquid pressurization only in edge and corner areas, with the transverse dimensions of the exposed areas only a few millimeters can be with low forces, especially low Pressing and closing forces are worked. Thereby, that with the high pressure liquid too filling expansion rooms compared to the usual very much when filling rooms with internal high pressure are small, is a quick filling of the above Expansion spaces possible in the edge and corner areas, so that short process times for the invention Postforming can be achieved.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to a Tool for hydroforming with an intermediate Lower and upper part of the tool provided spacer ring, wherein at least in one of the tool parts and the latter a workpiece is formed and the liquid supply line to deform the workpiece by the Spacer ring is made, as in the parallel patent application "Method and device for hydraulic Forming a workpiece "described by the applicant whose content is completely the subject of this Revelation is made.
  • the Spacer ring removed after preforming the workpiece and a trained in the manner according to the invention
  • the mold insert is positioned in the tool. and top part from the first hydroforming phase used for post-forming without modification can be.
  • the mold insert is a complete one or partial shape memory of the sheet metal part geometry, the one to be reshaped or calibrated Edge and corner areas, if necessary, the expansion elements mentioned having.
  • the expansion of the expansion elements is achieved through the form fit of the insert, i.e. the the Limiting expansion spaces that accommodate expansion elements and walls of the insert acting as a repository limited.
  • FIG. 1 shows a lower tool part of a molding tool for forming workpieces using high-pressure liquid, that on the concave side of the one shown Workpiece 2 has acted.
  • the illustrated Workpiece 2 can be used together with another Workpiece of the same or a different shape, which in pressed in the die shape of an upper part of the tool was where the high pressure between the two Workpieces were exercised, be formed according to the Procedure according to DE 197 28 276 or DE 195 35 870, wherein if necessary, a spacer ring between the two workpieces, through which the filling pressure is passed.
  • the workpiece 2 can also be formed alone a tool upper part is necessary, but this can have any shape.
  • the expansion elements Depending on the complexity of the edges and the size of the degree of deformation of the areas to be reshaped also be deformable metal hoses or pipes that either only deformed in their elasticity range become - the cross-sectional diameter of the expansion elements 9 may well be low - or plastic Deformation can also be lost expansion elements can.
  • the expansion elements 9 are on one in the tool to use 8 leading liquid high pressure line connected, the pressure generation in the at Internal high pressure forming is carried out in the usual way.
  • the Tool lower part 1 is a part of a hydroforming tool is after preforming the workpiece 2 by hydroforming the tool and if necessary, the surrounding separate pressure housing is opened, whereby, as far as two workpieces were formed, the upper one Molding is lifted with. Then the mold insert 6 used or between the two mold parts and accordingly the two tool parts swung in this is shown in Figure 2. Then will the tool and any surrounding pressure housing closed. Then liquid is injected under high pressure the expansion rooms 8, more precisely in the illustrated embodiment introduced into the expansion elements 9. These then do not stretch from the mold insert 6 supported area against those adjacent to them Edge areas 3, 4, 5 of workpiece 2 and press these into the edges and corners of the tool part, here the Lower part of the tool 1.
  • the shaping of the edges and corners 3 to 5 of a preformed workpiece 2 also in one separate from the preforming tool with the lower tool part 1 and the mold insert 6 respectively.
  • the empty tool Tool lower part 1
  • the mold insert 6 is retracted.
  • there is a separate upper part of the tool no longer necessary and as far as closed Expansion elements 9 is worked, also not a separate one Pressure housing.
  • Figures 1 and 2 While in Figures 1 and 2 the definition of the expansion elements 9 on the mold part or mold insert 6 not shown in detail and the expansion elements in principle also as can be seen in the existing recesses of the mold insert 6 can be shown the configurations of Figures 3 to 6 measures Definition of the expansion elements on a mold part or mold insert 6.
  • the mold insert 6 has a partially circular cross section Groove 11 with undercuts 12, 13 in the the expansion element designed as "8" in cross section with its upper part (in the drawing) positively is inserted, there are two pressurizable cavities 14, 15 provided, which are separated by a web 16 are.
  • the cavity 15 could also be fully elastic Material be formed. Alternatively, the web 16 omitted, so that the cavities 14, 15 merge.
  • a Part of the expansion element 9 also has a groove 11 Undercuts 12, 13 are provided in the direction of insertion conical bevels 17 of a holding area of the expansion element 9 of the positive Intervene.
  • the groove 11 is without Undercut formed.
  • the expansion element is glued to the bottom of the groove by means of adhesive 23 and is thereby held in a frictional manner.
  • this could also be level ground be part-circular.
  • a combination the fastening techniques of Figures 3 to 5 on the one hand (positive) and Figure 6 on the other hand (non-positive) can be provided.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

To give a rounded profile to edges and corners of shaped workpieces, with small radii, the shaping action is wholly through the use of high pressure fluids at the edge/corner zones. The shaping mold gives expansion zones (8) at the edge/corner areas (7) of the workpiece, where the workpiece is fitted into a shaped recess together with an insert (6) to expand the corner/edge zones into the expansion spaces by expanding units (9) of tough and flexible polymer or metal materials.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Formen von Formteilen bzw. eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens (siehe z.B. US-A-4 829 803).The invention relates to a method for molding Molded parts or a device for performing this method (see e.g. U.S.-A-4,829,803).

Wenn kleine Radien in Kanten- und Eckenbereichen von Werkstücken mittels Innenhochdruckumformen, also Umformen mittels Druckbeaufschlagung der Werkstücke mit hohem Flüssigkeitsdruck in geeigneten Formwerkzeugen ausgebildet werden sollen, so sind zum Ausformen dieser kleinen Radien extrem hohe Drücke in der Größenordnung von 4000 bar und mehr erforderlich. Dementsprechend werden zum Zuhalten der Werkzeugteile und/oder eines umgebenden Druckgehäuses insbesondere bei großflächigen Teilen sehr hohe Zuhaltekräfte erforderlich, die nur schwer beherrschbar sind, dies gilt insbesondere bei dem herkömmlichen Innenhochdruckumformen, bei dem das Werkzeug gleichzeitig den Druckeinschluß für die Umformung bewirkende Flüssigkeit bildet. Die Erfindung bezieht sich insbesondere auf mittels Innenhochdruckumformens vorgeformte Formteile und ist insbesondere Teil eines entsprechenden Verfahrens; sie kann aber auch bei anderweitig vorgeformten Formteilen eingesetzt werden. If small radii in edge and corner areas of Workpieces using hydroforming, i.e. forming by pressurizing the workpieces with high Fluid pressure is formed in suitable molds are to be used to shape these little ones Radii of extremely high pressures in the order of 4000 bar and more required. Accordingly, the Lock the tool parts and / or a surrounding one Pressure housing, especially for large parts high locking forces required that are difficult to control are, this applies particularly to the conventional Hydroforming, in which the tool at the same time causing the pressure inclusion for the forming Liquid forms. The invention relates especially preformed by means of hydroforming Molded parts and is in particular part of a corresponding one process; but it can also be used for other purposes preformed molded parts are used.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zu schaffen, mittels derer ein Nachformen von Formteilen in kritischen Kanten- und Eckenbereichen erfolgen kann.The invention is therefore based on the object of a method and to create a device by means of which a reforming of molded parts in critical edge and Corner areas can be done.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die genannte Aufgabe mit einem Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art gelöst, bei dem ein Nachformen vorgeformter Formteile ausschließlich in Kanten- und Eckenbereich mittels Flüssigkeitshochdruck erfolgt. Eine Vorrichtung zum Formen von Formteilen ist zur Lösung der genannten Aufgabe gekennzeichnet durch ein Formwerkzeugteil mit in seinen Kanten- und Eckenbereichen konkav ausgebildeten Expansionsräumen, die direkt oder indirekt mit Flüssigkeitshochdruck beaufschlagbar sind.According to the invention, the stated object is achieved with a Process of the type mentioned solved in which a Reshaping preformed parts only in Edge and corner area using high-pressure liquid he follows. An apparatus for molding molded parts is characterized by a to solve the problem Mold part with in its edge and corner areas concave expansion spaces, directly or indirectly are pressurized with high liquid pressure.

Eine bevorzugte Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß ausschließlich an Kanten- und Eckenbereichen eines Formwerkzeugteils ausgebildete Expansionsräume mit Flüssigkeitshochdruck beaufschlagt werden, wobei insbesondere in ausgesparten Kanten- und Eckenbereichen eines Formwerkzeugteils (Formeinsatz) an Bereichen des zu verformenden Formteils anliegende, geschlossene Expansionselemente mit Flüssigkeitshochdruck beaufschlagt werden. Die Expansionsräume des entsprechenden Werkzeugteils, das ein Formeinsatz, oder aber auch ein Werkzeugunter- oder -oberteil sein kann, soweit an einem solchen durch konvexe Matrizenausbildungen eines solchen diesen zugewandte konkave Bereiche des Werkstücks'oder Formteils ausgebildet werden, können direkt mit Flüssigkeitshochdruck beaufschlagt werden. Durch das dichte Anliegen eines das Werkstück oder Formteil zwischen sich einschließenden Werkzeugteils und beispielsweise eines Formeinsatzes in ebenen Bereichen oder Bereichen mit vorgesehenen großen Radien, kann, zumindest soweit kleine Radien nicht in Randbereichen des Werkstücks ausgebildet werden bis zu den Schließrändern Werkzeugteile und insbesondere wenn diese von einem separaten Druckgehäuse umgeben sind, ein hinreichender Druckabfall erreicht werden. Vorzugsweise werden aber, wie ausgeführt, separate Expansionselemente vorgesehen, die in weiterer bevorzugter Ausgestaltung aus Schläuchen bestehen können und deren Material vorzugsweise Polymer oder elastisch oder plastisch verformbares Metall ist, wobei im letztgenannten Falle die Expansionselemente verlorene Elemente sind.A preferred embodiment of the invention The process is characterized in that only at edge and corner areas of a mold part trained expansion rooms with high-pressure liquid be acted upon, particularly in recessed Edge and corner areas of a mold part (mold insert) in areas of the molded part to be deformed adjacent, closed expansion elements with high-pressure liquid be charged. The expansion rooms the corresponding tool part, which is a mold insert, or a lower or upper part of a tool can, as far as such, by convex formations of such concave areas facing them of the workpiece or molded part, can be directly exposed to high liquid pressure become. Due to the tight fit of the workpiece or molded part between enclosing tool part and for example a mold insert in flat areas or areas with designated large radii, at least as far as small radii are not in the marginal areas of the Workpiece are formed up to the closing edges Tool parts and especially if they are from one separate pressure housing are surrounded, a sufficient Pressure drop can be achieved. However, as stated, separate expansion elements are provided, which in a further preferred embodiment from tubes can exist and their material preferably polymer or is elastically or plastically deformable metal, in the latter case the expansion elements are lost items.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung können in Kantenund Eckenbereichen eines vorgeformten Werkstücks oder vorgeformten Formteils lokal Radien unter Flüssigkeitshochdruck nachgeformt werden. Durch die geringe Projektionsfläche bei Flüssigkeitsdruckbeaufschlagung lediglich in Kanten- und Eckenbereichen, wobei die Querabmessungen der beaufschlagten Flächen lediglich wenige Millimeter betragen, kann mit geringen Kräften, insbesondere geringen Preß- und Schließkräften gearbeitet werden. Dadurch, daß die mit unter Hochdruck stehender Flüssigkeit zu füllenden Expansionsräume gegenüber den üblicherweise beim Innenhochdruckumformen zu verfüllenden Räume sehr klein sind, ist ein schnelles Befüllen der genannten Expansionsräume in den Kanten- und Eckenbereichen möglich, so daß kurze Prozeßzeiten für das erfindungsgemäße Nachformen erreicht werden können.With the device according to the invention, edges and Corner areas of a preformed workpiece or preformed molded part local radii under high liquid pressure be reshaped. Due to the small projection area with liquid pressurization only in edge and corner areas, with the transverse dimensions of the exposed areas only a few millimeters can be with low forces, especially low Pressing and closing forces are worked. Thereby, that with the high pressure liquid too filling expansion rooms compared to the usual very much when filling rooms with internal high pressure are small, is a quick filling of the above Expansion spaces possible in the edge and corner areas, so that short process times for the invention Postforming can be achieved.

Die Erfindung ist insbesondere einsetzbar bei einem Werkzeug zum Innenhochdruckumformen mit einem zwischen Werkzeugunter- und -oberteil vorgesehenen Distanzring, wobei zumindest in einem der genannten Werkzeugteile und letzteren ein Werkstück geformt wird und wobei die Flüssigkeitszuleitung zum Verformen des Werkstücks durch den Distanzring erfolgt, wie dies in der parallelen Patentanmeldung "Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum hydraulischen Umformen eines Werkstücks" der Anmelderin beschrieben ist, deren Inhalt vollständig zum Gegenstand der vorliegenden Offenbarung gemacht wird. In diesem Falle wird der Distanzring nach dem Vorformen des Werkstücks entfernt und ein in der erfindungsgemäßen Weise ausgebildeter Formeinsatz in dem Werkzeug positioniert, wobei Werkzeugunter- und -oberteil aus der ersten Innenhochdruck-Umformphase ohne Veränderung für das Nachformen verwendet werden können. Der Formeinsatz ist dabei ein vollständiger oder teilweiser Formspeicher der Blechformteilendgeometrie, der in den nachzuformenden bzw. kalibrierenden Kanten- und Eckenbereichen ggf. die genannten Expansionselemente aufweist. Das Ausdehnen der Expansionselemente wird durch den Formschluß des Einsatzes, d.h. die die Expansionselemente aufnehmenden Expansionsräume begrenzenden und als Wiederlager wirkenden Wandungen des Einsatzes begrenzt.The invention is particularly applicable to a Tool for hydroforming with an intermediate Lower and upper part of the tool provided spacer ring, wherein at least in one of the tool parts and the latter a workpiece is formed and the liquid supply line to deform the workpiece by the Spacer ring is made, as in the parallel patent application "Method and device for hydraulic Forming a workpiece "described by the applicant whose content is completely the subject of this Revelation is made. In this case the Spacer ring removed after preforming the workpiece and a trained in the manner according to the invention The mold insert is positioned in the tool. and top part from the first hydroforming phase used for post-forming without modification can be. The mold insert is a complete one or partial shape memory of the sheet metal part geometry, the one to be reshaped or calibrated Edge and corner areas, if necessary, the expansion elements mentioned having. The expansion of the expansion elements is achieved through the form fit of the insert, i.e. the the Limiting expansion spaces that accommodate expansion elements and walls of the insert acting as a repository limited.

Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Ansprüchen und aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung, in der ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen einzeln erläutert ist. Dabei zeigt:

Figur 1
ein Werkzeug-Unterteil mit einem in diesem vorgeformten Formteil;
Figur 2
den Gegenstand der Figur 1 mit eingesetztem bevorzugten Formeinsatz gemäß der Erfindung.
Fig. 3 bis 6
Detaildarstellungen zur Festlegung von Expansionselementen an einem Formwerkzeugteil.
Further advantages and features of the invention result from the claims and from the following description, in which an embodiment of the invention is explained individually with reference to the drawings. It shows:
Figure 1
a lower tool part with a preformed in this;
Figure 2
the subject of Figure 1 with the preferred mold insert used according to the invention.
3 to 6
Detail representations for determining expansion elements on a mold part.

Die Figur 1 zeigt ein Werkzeug-Unterteil eines Formwerkzeugs zum Formen von Werkstücken mittels Flüssigkeitshochdruck, das auf der konkaven Seite des dargestellten Werkstücks 2 eingewirkt hat. Das dargestellte Werkstück 2 kann dabei zusammen mit einem anderen Werkstück gleicher oder anderer Formgestaltung, das in die Matrizenausformung eines Werkzeugoberteils eingedrückt wurde, in dem der Hochdruck zwischen den beiden Werkstücken ausgeübt wurde, gebildet sein, gemäß dem Vorgehen nach der DE 197 28 276 oder DE 195 35 870, wobei zwischen beiden Werkstücken ggf. auch ein Distanzring, durch den der Befülldruck geleitet wird, sein kann. Alternativ kann das Werkstück 2 auch alleine geformt worden sein, wobei ein Werkzeug-Oberteil notwendig ist, dieses aber beliebige Formgebung aufweisen kann. Vorzugsweise erfolgte die Formung, wenn mit hydraulischem Hochdruck gearbeitet wird, in einem, vom Werkzeug separaten, dieses umgebende, geschlossenen Druckgehäuses. Die Erfindung sieht nun das separate Nachformen der insbesondere konkaven Kanten 3, 4, 5 des Werkstücks (2) vor. Hierzu ist ein Werkzeugeinsatz 6 vorgesehen, der über den größten Teil seines am Werkstück 2 anliegenden Umfangs der Matrizenausformung des Werkzeugteils, hier des Werkzeug-Unterteils folgt, aber den Kanten- und Eckenbereichen 7 konkave Expansionsausnehmungen 8 aufweist, in die Druckleitungen münden. In der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsform sind hierzu in den Expansionsräumen 8 geschlossene Expansionselemente 9 eingelegt, die beispielsweise aus Schläuchen bestehen können und vorzugsweise aus hochbelastbarem, flexiblem, elastischem Polymerwerkstoff bestehen. Die Expansionselemente 9 können aber je nach Komplexität der Kanten und der Größe des Umformgrades der nachzuformenden Bereiche auch verformbare Metallschläuche oder Rohre sein, die entweder lediglich in ihrem Elastizitätsbereich verformt werden - der Querschnittsdurchmesser der Expansionselemente 9 kann durchaus gering sein - oder aber bei plastischer Verformung auch verlorene Expansionselemente sein können.FIG. 1 shows a lower tool part of a molding tool for forming workpieces using high-pressure liquid, that on the concave side of the one shown Workpiece 2 has acted. The illustrated Workpiece 2 can be used together with another Workpiece of the same or a different shape, which in pressed in the die shape of an upper part of the tool was where the high pressure between the two Workpieces were exercised, be formed according to the Procedure according to DE 197 28 276 or DE 195 35 870, wherein if necessary, a spacer ring between the two workpieces, through which the filling pressure is passed. Alternatively, the workpiece 2 can also be formed alone a tool upper part is necessary, but this can have any shape. Preferably it was formed when using hydraulic High pressure is worked in a separate from the tool this surrounding, closed pressure housing. The invention now sees the separate post-forming of in particular concave edges 3, 4, 5 of the workpiece (2) in front. A tool insert 6 is provided for this purpose over most of its contact with workpiece 2 Scope of the die shape of the tool part, here of the lower part of the tool follows, but the edge and Corner regions 7 has concave expansion recesses 8, open into the pressure lines. In the in the drawing illustrated embodiment are for this purpose in the Expansion rooms 8 closed expansion elements 9 inserted, which consist for example of hoses can and preferably made of heavy-duty, flexible, elastic polymer material exist. The expansion elements Depending on the complexity of the edges and the size of the degree of deformation of the areas to be reshaped also be deformable metal hoses or pipes that either only deformed in their elasticity range become - the cross-sectional diameter of the expansion elements 9 may well be low - or plastic Deformation can also be lost expansion elements can.

Die Expansionselemente 9 sind an einer in das Werkzeug zum Einsatz 8 führenden Flüssigkeits-Hochdruckleitung angeschlossen, wobei die Druckerzeugung in der beim Innenhochdruckumformen üblichen Weise erfolgt.The expansion elements 9 are on one in the tool to use 8 leading liquid high pressure line connected, the pressure generation in the at Internal high pressure forming is carried out in the usual way.

Wenn, wie zu Beginn der Figurenbeschreibung gesagt, das Werkzeug-Unterteil 1 ein Teil eines Innenhochdruck-Umformwerkzeugs ist, so wird nach dem Vorformen des Werkstücks 2 durch Innenhochdruckumformen das Werkzeug und ggf. das umgebende separate Druckgehäuse geöffnet, wobei, soweit dabei zwei Werkstücke umgeformt wurden, das obere Formteil mit angehoben wird. Sodann wird der Formeinsatz 6 eingesetzt bzw. zwischen die beiden Formenteile und demgemäß die beiden Werkzeugteile eingeschwenkt, wie dies in der Figur 2 dargestellt ist. Anschließend wird das Werkzeug und ein ggf.umgebendes Druckgehäuse wieder geschlossen. Sodann wird Flüssigkeit unter Hochdruck in die Expansionsräume 8, genauer bei dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel in die Expansionselemente 9 eingebracht. Diese dehnen sich dann in ihrem nicht vom Formeinsatz 6 abgestützten Bereich gegen die an ihnen anliegenden Kantenbereiche 3, 4, 5 des Werkstücks 2 aus und drücken diese in die Kanten und Ecken des Werkzeugteils, hier des Werkzeug-Unterteils 1. Hierdurch werden die Krümmungsradien in den Kanten- und Eckenbereichen des Werkstücks 2, die gemäß der Darstellung der Figur 1 zunächst relativ groß sind, wesentlich verkleinert und nähern sich den Krümmungsradien des in den Kanten- und Eckenbereichen der Matrize des Werkzeugteils an.If, as stated at the beginning of the description of the figures, the Tool lower part 1 is a part of a hydroforming tool is after preforming the workpiece 2 by hydroforming the tool and if necessary, the surrounding separate pressure housing is opened, whereby, as far as two workpieces were formed, the upper one Molding is lifted with. Then the mold insert 6 used or between the two mold parts and accordingly the two tool parts swung in this is shown in Figure 2. Then will the tool and any surrounding pressure housing closed. Then liquid is injected under high pressure the expansion rooms 8, more precisely in the illustrated embodiment introduced into the expansion elements 9. These then do not stretch from the mold insert 6 supported area against those adjacent to them Edge areas 3, 4, 5 of workpiece 2 and press these into the edges and corners of the tool part, here the Lower part of the tool 1. This creates the radii of curvature in the edge and corner areas of the workpiece 2, which is initially relative according to the illustration in FIG. 1 are large, significantly reduced and approach the Radii of curvature of the in the edge and corner areas of the Die of the tool part.

Nach Nachformen der Kanten und Ecken 3 bis 5 kann das Werkzeug (mit evtl. dem Druckgehäuse) wieder geöffnet und das fertiggeformte Werkstück 2 aus dem Werkzeugteil (hier Werkzeug-Unterteil) entnommen werden.After reshaping the edges and corners 3 to 5, this can be done Tool (with possibly the pressure housing) opened again and the finished workpiece 2 from the tool part (here the lower part of the tool).

Grundsätzlich kann das Nachformen der Kanten und Ecken 3 bis 5 eines vorgeformten Werkstücks 2 auch in einem von dem Vorformwerkzeug separaten Nachformwerkzeug mit dem Werkzeug-Unterteil 1 und dem Formeinsatz 6 erfolgen. In diesem Falle wird in das leere Werkzeug (Werkzeug-Unterteil 1) das vorgeformte Werkstück 1 eingelegt. Anschließend wird der Formeinsatz 6 eingefahren. In diesem Falle ist ein separates Werkzeug-Oberteil nicht mehr erforderlich und soweit mit geschlossenen Expansionselementen 9 gearbeitet wird, auch kein separates Druckgehäuse.Basically, the shaping of the edges and corners 3 to 5 of a preformed workpiece 2 also in one separate from the preforming tool with the lower tool part 1 and the mold insert 6 respectively. In this case, the empty tool (Tool lower part 1) the preformed workpiece 1 inserted. Then the mold insert 6 is retracted. In this case there is a separate upper part of the tool no longer necessary and as far as closed Expansion elements 9 is worked, also not a separate one Pressure housing.

Während in den Figuren 1 und 2 die Festlegung der Expansionselemente 9 am Formwerkzeugteil bzw. Formeinsatz 6 nicht näher dargestellt und die Expansionselemente grundsätzlich auch wie ersichtlich in den vorhandenen Ausnehmungen des Formeinsatzes 6 eingelegt sein können, zeigen die Ausgestaltungen der Figuren 3 bis 6 Maßnahmen zur Festlegung der Expansionselemente an einem Formwerkzeugteil bzw. Formeinsatz 6. Bei der Ausgestaltung der Figur 3 weist der Formeinsatz 6 eine im Querschnitt teilkreisförmige Nut 11 mit Hinterschneidungen 12, 13 auf, in die das im Querschnitt als "8" ausgebildete Expansionselement mit seinem oberen Teil (in der Zeichnung) formschlüssig eingelegt ist, sind zwei mit Druck beaufschlagbare Hohlräume 14, 15 vorgesehen, die durch einen Steg 16 getrennt sind. Der Hohlraum 15 könnte auch mit vollelastischem Material ausgebildet sein. Alternativ kann der Steg 16 entfallen, so daß die Hohlräume 14, 15 ineinander übergehen.While in Figures 1 and 2 the definition of the expansion elements 9 on the mold part or mold insert 6 not shown in detail and the expansion elements in principle also as can be seen in the existing recesses of the mold insert 6 can be shown the configurations of Figures 3 to 6 measures Definition of the expansion elements on a mold part or mold insert 6. When designing the figure 3, the mold insert 6 has a partially circular cross section Groove 11 with undercuts 12, 13 in the the expansion element designed as "8" in cross section with its upper part (in the drawing) positively is inserted, there are two pressurizable cavities 14, 15 provided, which are separated by a web 16 are. The cavity 15 could also be fully elastic Material be formed. Alternatively, the web 16 omitted, so that the cavities 14, 15 merge.

Bei der Ausgestaltung der Figur 4 ist zur Aufnahme eines Teils des Expansionselements 9 ebenfalls eine Nut 11 mit Hinterschneidungen 12, 13 vorgesehen, in die in Einsetzrichtung konisch abgeschrägte Nasen 17 eines Haltebereichs des Expansionselements 9 der formschlüssigen Festlegung eingreifen.In the embodiment of FIG. 4, a Part of the expansion element 9 also has a groove 11 Undercuts 12, 13 are provided in the direction of insertion conical bevels 17 of a holding area of the expansion element 9 of the positive Intervene.

Bei der Ausgestaltung der Figur 5 weist das Expansionselement 9 seitliche Laschen 19 auf, die durch mittels Schrauben 21 am Formeinsatz 6 festgelegte Halteplatten 22 überdeckt sind, so daß durch diese und die die Laschen 19 durchgreifenden Schrauben 21 ebenfalls eine formschlüssige Festlegung des Expansionselements 9 am Formeinsatz 6 erfolgt.In the embodiment of Figure 5, the expansion element 9 side tabs 19, which by means of Screws 21 on the mold insert 6 holding plates 22 are covered, so that through this and the tabs 19 penetrating screws 21 also a positive Fixing the expansion element 9 on the mold insert 6 takes place.

Bei der Ausgestaltung der Figur 6 ist die Nut 11 ohne Hinterschneidung ausgebildet. Das Expansionselement ist mittels Klebstoff 23 am Boden der Nut festgeklebt und wird hierdurch kraftschlüssig gehalten. Statt eines ebenen Bodens könnte dieser selbstverständlich auch teilkreisförmig ausgebildet sein. Auch eine Kombination der Befestigungstechniken der Figuren 3 bis 5 einerseits (formschlüssig) und der Figur 6 andererseits (kraftschlüssig) kann vorgesehen sein. 6, the groove 11 is without Undercut formed. The expansion element is glued to the bottom of the groove by means of adhesive 23 and is thereby held in a frictional manner. Instead of one of course, this could also be level ground be part-circular. Also a combination the fastening techniques of Figures 3 to 5 on the one hand (positive) and Figure 6 on the other hand (non-positive) can be provided.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
WerkzeugunterteilTool part
22
Werkstückworkpiece
33
Kanteedge
44
Kanteedge
55
Kanteedge
66
Formeinsatzmold insert
77
Kanten- und EckenbereichEdge and corner area
88th
Expansionsräumeexpansion areas
99
Expansionselementeexpansion elements
1111
Nutengroove
12, 1312, 13
Hinterschneidungenundercuts
2222
Halteplattenholding plates

Claims (13)

  1. Method forming blanks (2), characterized by a postforming of preformed blanks exclusively in edge and corner regions (7) by high liquid pressure.
  2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that only expansion spaces (8) constructed in edge and corner regions (7) of a forming die (6) are subject to high liquid pressure action.
  3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that recessed edge and corner regions (7) of a forming die (6), closed expansion elements (9) engaging on areas of the blanks (2) to be shaped are subject to the action of high liquid pressure.
  4. Apparatus for forming blanks (2), characterized by a forming die (6) with concavely constructed expansion spaces (8) in its edge and corner regions (8), which are directly or indirectly subject to high liquid pressure action.
  5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized by closed expansion elements (9) placed in the expansion spaces (8).
  6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the expansion elements are constructed as tubes.
  7. Apparatus according to claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the expansion elements (9) are made from a highly loadable, flexible polymer material.
  8. Apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the expansion elements (9) are made from metal.
  9. Apparatus according to one of the claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the expansion elements (9) are fixed in orientations of the forming die (6).
  10. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the expansion elements (9) are frictionally fixed.
  11. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the expansion elements are fixed in form-closed manner.
  12. Apparatus according to claim 9 or 11, characterized in that the expansion elements are fixed in grooves (11) having undercuts (12, 13).
  13. Apparatus according to claim 9 or 11, characterized in that the expansion elements (9) are held by holding plates (22) partly covering the same and fixed to the forming die (6).
EP99125004A 1998-12-31 1999-12-15 Method and apparatus for forming pieces Expired - Lifetime EP1016473B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19860851A DE19860851A1 (en) 1998-12-31 1998-12-31 Method and device for molding molded parts
DE19860851 1998-12-31

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1016473A2 EP1016473A2 (en) 2000-07-05
EP1016473A3 EP1016473A3 (en) 2001-05-02
EP1016473B1 true EP1016473B1 (en) 2004-04-07

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99125004A Expired - Lifetime EP1016473B1 (en) 1998-12-31 1999-12-15 Method and apparatus for forming pieces

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US (1) US6308545B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1016473B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE263641T1 (en)
DE (2) DE19860851A1 (en)
DK (1) DK1016473T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2216426T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2814387B1 (en) * 2000-09-26 2002-12-06 Aerospatiale Matra Airbus METHOD FOR HYDROFORMING SHEETS AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING SAME
US7726165B2 (en) * 2006-05-16 2010-06-01 Alcoa Inc. Manufacturing process to produce a necked container
US7934410B2 (en) * 2006-06-26 2011-05-03 Alcoa Inc. Expanding die and method of shaping containers
KR20180050415A (en) 2010-08-20 2018-05-14 알코아 유에스에이 코포레이션 Shaped metal container and method for making same
US9327338B2 (en) 2012-12-20 2016-05-03 Alcoa Inc. Knockout for use while necking a metal container, die system for necking a metal container and method of necking a metal container

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2997093A (en) * 1958-01-10 1961-08-22 Keelavite Co Ltd Pumps
US3280608A (en) * 1959-07-28 1966-10-25 Arthur R Parilla Incremental tube or vessel expander
US3344646A (en) * 1961-03-15 1967-10-03 Reynolds Metals Co Method for making thin metal sheet tapered receptacles
US3827130A (en) * 1970-09-18 1974-08-06 Cegedur Method of making thermoplastic lined metal bodies
JPS5838620A (en) * 1981-08-31 1983-03-07 Kawasaki Steel Corp Die for forming local part of thin metallic plate
US4829803A (en) * 1987-05-06 1989-05-16 Ti Corporate Services Limited Method of forming box-like frame members
CA2184996A1 (en) * 1994-04-29 1995-11-09 Thomas D. Coe Method and apparatus for hydro-forming thin-walled workpieces
US5749254A (en) * 1994-10-25 1998-05-12 Owens-Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. Air bearing assist in pneumatic forming of thin foil materials
US5916317A (en) * 1996-01-04 1999-06-29 Ball Corporation Metal container body shaping/embossing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE263641T1 (en) 2004-04-15
ES2216426T3 (en) 2004-10-16
US6308545B2 (en) 2001-10-30
US20010002545A1 (en) 2001-06-07
EP1016473A2 (en) 2000-07-05
DE19860851A1 (en) 2000-07-06
DE59909109D1 (en) 2004-05-13
EP1016473A3 (en) 2001-05-02
DK1016473T3 (en) 2004-08-02

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