EP0946776B1 - Verfahren zum kleberfreien glühen von buntmetallteilen - Google Patents
Verfahren zum kleberfreien glühen von buntmetallteilen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0946776B1 EP0946776B1 EP97951214A EP97951214A EP0946776B1 EP 0946776 B1 EP0946776 B1 EP 0946776B1 EP 97951214 A EP97951214 A EP 97951214A EP 97951214 A EP97951214 A EP 97951214A EP 0946776 B1 EP0946776 B1 EP 0946776B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- protective gas
- annealing
- gas atmosphere
- oxide layer
- inert
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for avoiding glue when glowing Non-ferrous metal alloys with the phases of heating up, holding, cooling down Annealing material during the structural transformation of an inert or oxidizing Protective gas atmosphere is exposed, causing during this time on the surface of the annealing material, a thin oxide layer is formed and / or an existing one Oxide layer is retained, which is a sticking together of non-ferrous metal parts prevented, especially in a hood furnace.
- Non-ferrous metal parts such as bronze wire or ribbon
- Non-ferrous metal parts are after the Casting and a forming process of a homogenizing annealing subject. After that, other forming operations, such as rollers, take turns or pulling, and recrystallization annealing performed.
- the annealing temperatures are between 300 ° C and 700 ° C.
- the glow is in Continuous furnaces performed, which in view of the mostly small cross sections of the Parts is a relatively large effort.
- annealing bundles e.g. is possible in hood furnaces the contact points of the parts, e.g. between individual turns of wound wire or tape, due to local diffusion processes Diffusion welding, so-called glue. These cause at Further processing, i.e. during unwinding, material tears on the surface. This results in surface defects. Unless they cause a committee, elaborate rework is required. So glues are on annealed Non-ferrous metal parts are of course highly undesirable.
- Nonferrous metals are alloys with the main components copper, Tin, aluminum and lead understood, with numerous other components such as magnesium, nickel, etc.
- the accompanying elements accumulate and form as oxides on the surface a passivation layer that increases the corrosion resistance, the Oxidation of these - relatively base - elements is essentially irreversible.
- the Accompanying elements are usually only present in a proportion of less than approx. 1% that these small proportions are not sufficient to cause low-melting phases form, which are already sweating when heating up, so the problem of gluing does not occur in the known method.
- the invention has for its object to provide a method with which Non-ferrous metal parts, especially non-ferrous metal coils, annealed without glue in bell-type furnaces and can be removed with a bare surface.
- This task is based on the procedure mentioned at the beginning solved according to the invention in that the inert or oxidizing Shielding gas atmosphere at the end of the holding phase or at the beginning of the cooling phase is exchanged for a reducing atmosphere, which is the oxide layer reduced and a smooth surface of the treated parts guaranteed.
- Fig. 1 shows the state diagram of copper-tin alloys.
- the ⁇ crystal at 520 ° C eutectoid decays into ⁇ + ⁇ , and the ⁇ phase changes at a temperature of about 350 ° C in turn eutectoid in ⁇ + ⁇ um, with the compound Cu 31 Sn 8 the ⁇ phase and Cu 3 Sn the ⁇ phase.
- This transformation is extremely slow, so that even if they have been slowly cooled, technical alloys have ( ⁇ + ⁇ ) eutectoid in the final state.
- the tin concentration differences within a crystal can be up to 10% be. Homogenization annealing aims at these differences balance as much as possible. A dissolution of the ⁇ component is found in the glow in the Range of 650 ° C to 700 ° C reached, which significantly increases the Elongation occurs. The tensile strength increases with increasing elongation.
- Copper-tin alloys are usually cast in an air atmosphere and mostly cold formed. This means that the surface is strongly oxidized. During a subsequent homogenization annealing therefore currently working with strongly reducing protective gas atmospheres.
- the hydrogen content of conventional protective gases is up to about 100% by volume.
- the oxides are already reduced in the heating phase. Through the reduction the oxides, which is accompanied by exudation on the surface, become the The surfaces of wire or tape are bright after the annealing treatment, but they stick strongly. Further processing involves mechanical reworking of the Surface ahead and is therefore very time-consuming and costly.
- FIG. 2 An example of such a treatment is explained in FIG. 2.
- a gas mixture with 15% by volume CO 2 (rest N 2 ) ensured the preservation of the oxide layers present in the heating and holding time and was already cold depending on the alloying elements, for example during intermediate annealing Formed wires, even at temperatures of 400 ° C, cause additional oxidation due to the CO 2 content.
- the protective coating of the surface with a thin oxide layer prevented the exudation from the annealing material and the batches were annealed without glue.
- better conditions were created for the homogenization process.
- the N 2 / CO 2 protective gas atmosphere was exchanged for a pure hydrogen atmosphere at the end of the holding time.
- strongly reducing conditions were created for the end of the holding time and for the cooling time, and the oxide layers protecting against sticking were broken down.
- the batches were annealed bright and glue-free.
- the heat treatment of wire cast in air which is already a has a pronounced oxide layer, would also be in the holding phase with an inert Protective gas atmosphere possible, e.g. with pure nitrogen.
- the oxide layer could then reduced in the cooling phase with hydrogen to a to achieve a bright annealing result.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
Description
Die nach außen offenen Korngrenzen sind vermutlich die Stellen, an denen durch eine Umwandlung einer noch nicht homogenen Struktur eine niedrig schmelzende Zinnphase ausgeschwitzt wird. Da beim Glühen von Bunden die Windungen dicht beieinander liegen, entstehen dadurch die als Kleber bezeichneten Brücken, die eine festgeschmolzene Verbindung zweier benachbarter Oberflächen bilden. in weiteren Versuchen wurde der Wasserstoffanteil in der Schutzgasatmosphäre ständig verringert. Es wurde beobachtet, daß mit Abnahme des Reduktionsvermögens der Schutzgasatmosphäre das Ausschwitzen immer geringer wurde. Schließlich wurden Versuche mit inerten bzw. oxidierenden Schutzgasatmosphären durchgeführt, wobei als Oxidationsmittel Kohlendioxid verwendet wurde.
Versuchsparameter Bronzedraht-Behandlunq | |||
T°C | CO2% | H2% | |
0 | 25 | 15 | 0 |
1 | 290 | 15 | 0 |
2 | 530 | 15 | 0 |
3 | 700 | 15 | 0 |
4 | 700 | 15 | 0 |
5 | 700 | 15 | 0 |
6 | 700 | 15 | 0 |
7 | 700 | 15 | 0 |
8 | 700 | 15 | 0 |
9 | 700 | 0 | 100 |
10 | 700 | 0 | 100 |
11 | 500 | 0 | 100 |
Claims (6)
- Verfahren zum Vermeiden von Klebern beim Glühen von Buntmetallegierungen mit den Phasen Aufheizen, Halten, Abkühlen, wobei das Glühgut während der Strukturumwandlung einer inerten oder oxidierenden Schutzgasatmosphäre ausgesetzt wird, wodurch in dieser Zeit an der Oberfläche des Glühguts eine dünne Oxidschicht gebildet wird und/oder eine vorhandene Oxidschicht erhalten bleibt, die ein Zusammenkleben von Buntmetallteilen verhindert,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die inerte oder oxidierende Schutzgasatmosphäre am Ende der Haltephase oder am Anfang der Abkühlphase gegen eine reduzierende Atmosphäre ausgetauscht wird, die die Oxidschicht reduziert und eine blanke Oberfläche der behandelten Teile gewährleistet. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine inerte Schutzgasatmosphäre aus N2 besteht. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine oxidierende Schutzgasatmosphäre Kohlendioxid enthält. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens 10 Vol.-% Kohlendioxid verwendet werden. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die inerte oder oxidierende Schutzgasatmosphäre gegen eine wasserstoffhaltige Atmosphäre ausgetauscht wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die wasserstoffhaltige Atmosphäre eine reine Wasserstoffatmosphäre ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19652607 | 1996-12-18 | ||
DE19652607A DE19652607A1 (de) | 1996-12-18 | 1996-12-18 | Verfahren zum kleberfreien Glühen von Buntmetallteilen |
PCT/EP1997/006394 WO1998027243A1 (de) | 1996-12-18 | 1997-11-17 | Verfahren zum kleberfreien glühen von buntmetallteilen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0946776A1 EP0946776A1 (de) | 1999-10-06 |
EP0946776B1 true EP0946776B1 (de) | 2001-12-19 |
Family
ID=7815081
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97951214A Expired - Lifetime EP0946776B1 (de) | 1996-12-18 | 1997-11-17 | Verfahren zum kleberfreien glühen von buntmetallteilen |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6159307A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0946776B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2001506317A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE211184T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19652607A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2170425T3 (de) |
TW (1) | TW486521B (de) |
UA (1) | UA47512C2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1998027243A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6457992B2 (en) * | 1999-02-08 | 2002-10-01 | 3Com Corporation | Visual feedback system for electronic device |
JP2010248593A (ja) * | 2009-04-17 | 2010-11-04 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | 電気・電子部品用銅合金材およびその製造方法 |
NO345511B1 (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2021-03-22 | Norsk Hydro As | Method for and equipment for suppressing discoloration of Al-Mg products |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US896811A (en) * | 1908-02-06 | 1908-08-25 | Edison Storage Battery Co | Metallic film for use with storage-battery electrodes and process of preparing the same. |
US1815505A (en) * | 1929-11-15 | 1931-07-21 | Oscar J Wilbor | Bright annealing of metals |
DE669520C (de) * | 1937-11-06 | 1938-12-28 | Felten & Guilleaume Carlswerk | Verfahren zum Verhueten des Zusammenbackens von Draehten, Blechen oder Baendern, insbesondere aus Schwermetallen, beim Blankgluehen |
US2379736A (en) * | 1939-11-06 | 1945-07-03 | Nat Agrol Company Inc | Method of making a catalyst and resulting product |
US2320962A (en) * | 1941-09-26 | 1943-06-01 | Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co | Treatment of copper-oxide rectifiers with nitrogen |
US2810667A (en) * | 1952-10-14 | 1957-10-22 | Siemens Ag | Process for heat-treating metals in a space containing a non-oxidizing protective gas atmosphere |
JPS5510903A (en) * | 1978-07-07 | 1980-01-25 | Hitachi Ltd | Juicer |
JPS6053106B2 (ja) * | 1979-02-01 | 1985-11-22 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 無酸素銅線素材 |
JPS57185963A (en) * | 1981-05-07 | 1982-11-16 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | Annealing method for copper or copper alloy material |
DE3234863C2 (de) * | 1982-09-21 | 1986-04-10 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Blankglühen von metallischen Werkstücken mit Stickstoff als Schutzgas |
US4443274A (en) * | 1982-12-03 | 1984-04-17 | Olin Corporation | Process for forming a protective film on Cu-Sn alloys |
JPS613876A (ja) * | 1984-06-19 | 1986-01-09 | Nippon Mining Co Ltd | 耐食性に優れた銅合金及び同合金の表面処理方法 |
DE4207394C1 (de) * | 1992-03-09 | 1993-02-11 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt, De |
-
1996
- 1996-12-18 DE DE19652607A patent/DE19652607A1/de not_active Ceased
-
1997
- 1997-11-15 TW TW086117093A patent/TW486521B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-11-17 US US09/319,858 patent/US6159307A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-11-17 JP JP52722498A patent/JP2001506317A/ja active Pending
- 1997-11-17 AT AT97951214T patent/ATE211184T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-11-17 UA UA99074129A patent/UA47512C2/uk unknown
- 1997-11-17 ES ES97951214T patent/ES2170425T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-17 WO PCT/EP1997/006394 patent/WO1998027243A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1997-11-17 DE DE59705922T patent/DE59705922D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-17 EP EP97951214A patent/EP0946776B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19652607A1 (de) | 1998-06-25 |
WO1998027243A1 (de) | 1998-06-25 |
EP0946776A1 (de) | 1999-10-06 |
DE59705922D1 (de) | 2002-01-31 |
ES2170425T3 (es) | 2002-08-01 |
US6159307A (en) | 2000-12-12 |
UA47512C2 (uk) | 2002-07-15 |
ATE211184T1 (de) | 2002-01-15 |
TW486521B (en) | 2002-05-11 |
JP2001506317A (ja) | 2001-05-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE2607646C2 (de) | Kaltgewalztes und geglühtes Stahlband und Stahlblech, dessen Verwendung und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung | |
DE60125777T2 (de) | Flussmittelfreies Verfahren zum Hartlöten unter Schutzgas | |
DE2007516C2 (de) | Legierung auf Kupferbasis | |
DE2522485B2 (de) | Verfahren zum Feuermetallisieren von Bändern oder Blechen aus niedriglegierten Stählen | |
DE1458330C3 (de) | Verwendung einer zähen, ausscheidungshärtbaren, rostfreien, chrom-, nickel- und aluminiumhaltigen Stahllegierung | |
DE3114187A1 (de) | "kupferlegierung und verfahren zu deren herstellung" | |
EP2840159A1 (de) | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Stahlbauteils | |
DE2627532A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von nichtorientierten si-stahlblechen | |
DE2307464A1 (de) | Eisenlegierungen und verfahren zu deren herstellung | |
DE2116549C3 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kupferlegierungen, die einen hohen Gehalt an Eisen, Kobalt und Phosphor aufweisen, mit hoher elektrischer Leitfähigkeit und gleichzeitig hoher Festigkeit | |
EP0946776B1 (de) | Verfahren zum kleberfreien glühen von buntmetallteilen | |
DE2842321A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von gegenstaenden aus kupferlegierungen mit spinodalem gefuege | |
DE2656929C2 (de) | Verwendung einer Nickel-Chrom-Legierung | |
DE3331212A1 (de) | Verfahren zum weitgehenden whiskerfreistellen von galvanisch verzinntem gut | |
DE2333143B1 (de) | Aluminothermisches Reaktionsgemisch auf Basis Kupferoxid und Eisenoxid | |
DE1231279B (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Stahlband | |
DE69107116T2 (de) | Nicht der Korrosion unterliegendes doppelwandiges Rohr und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung. | |
DE69705691T2 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von aufgeschwefeltem Stahl mit feiner austenitischer Körnung | |
EP1228255A1 (de) | Verfahren zum herstellen eines warmbandes | |
DE69203926T2 (de) | Mit Aluminium beschichtete Feinbleche aus Eisen-Chrom, mit Zusätzen von seltenen Erdmetallen oder Yttrium. | |
DE614177C (de) | Verfahren zur Erzielung eines Stahles mit hoher Zaehigkeit und geringer Empfindlichkeit gegen Kaltsproedigkeit, Alterung und Blaubruch | |
EP2942417A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von hochpermeablem kornorientiertem elektroband | |
DE2626354C3 (de) | Kohlenstofffreies Gießpulver für Kokillen- und Strangguß von Stahl | |
DE2051493B2 (de) | Verwendung von kupferlegierungen und verfahren zur herstellung der zu verwendenden legierungen | |
WO2016174020A1 (de) | Verfahren zur erzeugung eines warm- oder kaltbandes aus einem stahl mit erhöhtem kupfergehalt |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19990719 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20000503 |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20011219 Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20011219 Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20011219 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20011219 |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 211184 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 20020115 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: IF02 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: GERMAN |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 59705922 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20020131 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20020319 Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20020319 Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20020319 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: NV Representative=s name: SCHMAUDER & PARTNER AG PATENTANWALTSBUERO |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
GBV | Gb: ep patent (uk) treated as always having been void in accordance with gb section 77(7)/1977 [no translation filed] |
Effective date: 20011219 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2170425 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FD4D |
|
RAP2 | Party data changed (patent owner data changed or rights of a patent transferred) |
Owner name: MESSER GRIESHEIM GMBH |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PFA Free format text: MESSER GRIESHEIM GMBH,FRANKFURT AIRPORT CENTER 1, C9, HUGO-ECKENER-RING,60547 FRANKFURT (DE) -DANN IN- MESSER GRIESHEIM GMBH,FRITZ-KLATTE-STRASSE 6,65933 FRANKFURT AM MAIN (DE) |
|
NLT2 | Nl: modifications (of names), taken from the european patent patent bulletin |
Owner name: MESSER GRIESHEIM GMBH |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20030601 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20051106 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20051108 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Payment date: 20051111 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Payment date: 20051115 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Payment date: 20051125 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20051219 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 20060120 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20061117 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20061130 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20061130 Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20061130 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070601 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
NLV4 | Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee |
Effective date: 20070601 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20070731 |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: *MESSER GRIESHEIM G.M.B.H. Effective date: 20061130 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FD2A Effective date: 20061118 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20061130 Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20061118 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20061117 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20071117 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20110625 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20081117 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20161121 Year of fee payment: 20 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R071 Ref document number: 59705922 Country of ref document: DE |