EP0936007A1 - Dispositif pour filtrer et traiter du métal en fusion - Google Patents
Dispositif pour filtrer et traiter du métal en fusion Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0936007A1 EP0936007A1 EP99400242A EP99400242A EP0936007A1 EP 0936007 A1 EP0936007 A1 EP 0936007A1 EP 99400242 A EP99400242 A EP 99400242A EP 99400242 A EP99400242 A EP 99400242A EP 0936007 A1 EP0936007 A1 EP 0936007A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- plate
- hand
- molten metal
- ratio
- metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
- B22D1/007—Treatment of the fused masses in the supply runners
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
- B22C9/086—Filters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device to filter and process molten metal.
- a device for filtering and process molten metal comprising a series of at least minus two mineral filter plates refractory holes with filtration holes for the passage and filtration of the molten metal, these plates being kept at a predetermined distance from each other by peripheral walls of so as to create a cavity between them of which is housed a plate of a material of treatment of said molten metal having such a shape that, seen in the direction of passage of the liquid metal, the plate leaves at least one on the filter plates region not covered.
- the region of the first filter plate (upstream) not covered by the material plate treatment has free filtration holes which allow molten metal to enter the cavity, to come into contact with the material of treatment of the plaque, and flow around the plate before leaving the cavity through the holes in free filtration of the second filter plate (downstream).
- the molten metal freely crosses the device from the start of the casting, after being in contact with the material of treatment present in the cavity of the device, so that we get a treatment of the molten metal very homogeneous from the beginning and until the end of the casting said metal.
- Such a device is adapted to be prefabricated by the based filter supplier end user requirements.
- the end user who is usually a foundry, has two conflicting requirements.
- the user needs devices containing respective weights different predetermined treatment material constituting a series.
- a series can go, for example in the case of an inoculation material for the spheroidal graphite cast iron, in stages successive 10 grams in 10 grams or 20 grams in 20 grams, from ten grams to 150 grams or more.
- the Applicant was therefore led to study the possibility of placing, in the cavity of the same device for filtering and treating molten metal, different amounts of processing materials different. Certain tests carried out by the Applicant have shown in some cases a decrease in the quality and / or homogeneity of the treatment of molten metal during an operation of casting.
- the object of the present invention is to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks of the devices known, and to propose a device of the aforementioned type able to contain different amounts of various processing materials while ensuring quality and the homogeneity of the treatment of the molten metal at during a casting operation.
- the device of the aforementioned type for filtering and treating molten metal is characterized in that the ratio between the number of free holes in a filter plate located in regions not covered by the plate processing material, on the one hand, and the number total of the holes in said filter plate, on the other share, is not less than 10%, and / or is not greater than 75%, advantageously is not less than 20%, and / or is not more than 65%, and preferably is not less than 35%, and / or is not more than 50%.
- the ratio between the volume left free in the cavity by the treatment material plate, on the one hand, and the total volume of said cavity, on the other hand is not less than 20%, and / or is not not more than 80%, advantageously is not less than 30%, and / or is not more than 75%, and preferably not less than 35%, and / or is not greater than 72%.
- this percentage of free volume should not be too large. It takes effect that the contact conditions between the metal in melt and the processing material remain substantially regular and constant throughout the casting time to ensure regular quality, homogeneous, reliable and reproducible treatment of molten metal during this time.
- the ratio expressed in dm x sec between the weight of the cast metal in kg, on the one hand, and the modulus of the pellet in dm multiplied by the speed of the metal poured inside the filter cavity, expressed in dm / sec, on the other hand, is included in the range 70d ⁇ 50%, advantageously in the plate 70d ⁇ 35%, preferably in the range 70d ⁇ 20%, d being the specific mass of the molten metal in kg / dm 3 .
- the invention also relates, according to a another aspect of it, the use of a device according to the first aspect of the invention in a molten metal mold casting process comprising the steps of interposing a filter and of a treatment material on the passage of the metal before the entry of said metal into the mold properly said.
- a device 1 to filter and process molten metal There is shown in the figures a device 1 to filter and process molten metal.
- This device comprises a series of at least two mineral filter plates 2, 3 refractory with holes for filtration holes 4, 4a for the passage and filtration of the molten metal. We have not shown in Figures 1 and 2 that part of the holes 4, 4a of filtration for the sake of clarity of these figures.
- the plate 2 is the upstream plate, or upper plate
- the filter plate 3 is the downstream plate, or plate lower.
- each filter plate 2, 3 has peripheral walls lateral 5 projecting towards one another in sparing the cavity 6.
- the two filter plates 2, 3 are joined to each other by a joint 15, for example of refractory cement.
- Such a device 1 is suitable for use in a molten metal mold casting process comprising the steps of interposing a filter and of a treatment material on the passage of the metal in melting before the entry of said metal into the mold well said.
- the ratio R1 between the number of free holes 4a of a filter plate 2, 3 located in regions 9 not covered by the plate 7 processing material, on the one hand, and the number total of the holes 4, 4a of said filter plate 2, 3, on the other hand is not less than 10%, and / or is not more than 75%.
- the ratio R1 is not less than 20%, and / or is not more than 65%.
- the ratio R1 is not less than 35%, and / or is not more than 50%.
- the ratio R2 between the volume left free in the cavity 6 by the plate 7 of processing material, on the one hand, and the total volume of said cavity 6, on the other hand, is not less than 20%, and / or is not more than 80%.
- the ratio R2 is not less than 30%, and / or is not more than 75%.
- the ratio R2 is not less than 35%, and / or is not more than 72%.
- the material of treatment forming the plate 7 is chosen from among desulfurizing, thermogenic, inoculating products, spheroids, refuels, refiners, modifiers, and addition alloys.
- the weight of the material of treatment ranges from about 0.001% to about 1% of the weight of molten metal to be treated.
- the filtration holes 4, 4a have, in general, a diameter between 1.5 and 3 mm approximately, preferably between 1.8 and 2.5 mm approximately.
- the processing material forming the plate 7 is advantageously an inoculating material chosen from the following compounds: iron alloy, magnesium and compounds of magnesium, calcium and its compounds barium, silicon, zirconium, aluminum, rare earths, graphite, carbon, for an inoculation treatment of molten iron.
- the plate 7 has in projection on a plane perpendicular to the direction 8 of passage of the metal, an octagonal outer contour 10 and has a central hole 11 whose diameter is greater than that filtration holes 4, 4a.
- the plate 7 has in projection the shape of a circular crown delimited by a outer circular outline 12 whose diameter is slightly less than the width of the cavity which has here a square section, and a circular outline interior 13.
- Filter plates 2 and 3 are refractory mineral plates baked in the oven.
- the holes 4, 4a which all have the same diameter in the example shown in the figures, could have different diameters on a plate 2, 3 compared to the other plate 3, 2, or on the same plate.
- Plates 2, 3 can be manufactured with their holes, by die casting, or by pressure extrusion, then baked in the oven.
- They can have walls 5 protruding peripherals shown. to the figures. They may also not include such walls and be joined to each other by means a peripheral spacer, with two seals such than 15.
- the filter plates 2, 3 can have a outside contour of any shape, square like in the example shown, but also round, rectangular or other.
- the cavity 6 can have an outline interior of any shape adapted to that of the outer contour of the filter plates 2, 3.
- the plate 7 of treatment material has for its part an external contour whose shape is adapted to that of the interior contour of the cavity, so that the plate 7 can be introduced into the cavity 6 leaving a number of free holes 4a on the filter plates 2, 3 adapted to allow regular, consistent, effective quality treatment, reliable and reproducible, molten metal for the entire duration of the casting operation.
- the ratio between the numbers of respective holes is equal to the ratio between the sections of passage of the respective holes, and substantially equal to the ratio between the area of regions 9 no on the one hand, and the total area of the cavity, on the other hand.
- plate 7 of processing material in the shape of a circular crown has, in projection, an area such that the ratio between the area of regions 9 not covered by plate 7, on the one hand, and the total area of the cavity 6, on the other hand, is around 53%.
- the ratio between the number of free holes and the total number of holes is approximately 53%.
- the ratio R2 between the volume left free in cavity 6 by the treatment material plate 7, on the one hand, and the total volume of cavity 6, on the other hand, taking into account thicknesses shown for the cavity 6 and the plate 7, is around 61% for the octagonal plate of the left half of the figures, and about 69% for the plate in the shape of a half cylindrical crown right of the figures.
- Examples 5 and 6 did not give totally satisfactory results, and are at the origin the lower limit equal to 10% for the ratio R1, as well as the lower limit, equal to 20% for the R2 report.
- the most difficult cases in which several identical pieces are poured at the same time or not in dimples distributed around the casting from the same mold, allowed to determine the lower and upper limits of the ranges advantageous and preferred for the two ratios R1 and R2.
- Tables 1 and 2 show that the material treatment is advantageously in the form of a plate or patch with module M, or relationship between the volume and the total developed surface of said plate or tablet, is an increasing function of the weight of said pellet.
- module M of the pastille is greater than at least 0.0050 dm, preferably at least 0.0100 dm, preferably at at least 0.0150 dm.
- the weight of processing material is a known proportion of the weight of the metal cast in a casting operation.
- the casting time is substantially proportional to the weight of the molten metal to be poured and to treat.
- Table 3 groups together 6 examples 21 to 26 for each of which the characteristics of a filter and a corresponding tablet.
- the ratio between the weight of the material treatment and the weight of the molten metal to be treated may vary within certain limits around a average percentage
- the same pellet of material treatment and the same filter can be used to weights of cast metal included in a certain range on either side of a weight of cast metal way. Under these conditions, the casting time is substantially proportional to the weight of the metal cast at treat.
- Table 3 therefore indicates, for each of the 6 examples of filters and tablets, a weight range of cast metal and a casting time range.
- the Applicant interested in the Report R3 defined as the ratio between the weight of cast metal to be treated, on the one hand, and on the other hand, the treatment material tablet module multiplied by the speed of the metal poured into the filter.
- the module of the patch is defined by the ratio M between volume and developed surface total of this patch.
- the speed of the metal cast at the inside of the filter is equal to the ratio between the weight of metal cast on the one hand, and on the other hand, the chamber surface multiplied by the casting time and by the specific mass d of the molten metal.
- the plaintiff also sought to see whether she could not define a specific criterion of geometric dimensions of the pellet considered alone.
- the applicant was interested in a first ratio R4 defined as being equal to the square root of the weight of the pellet divided by the module M of this one.
- the treatment material pellet is advantageously dimensioned in such a way that the ratio R4 between the square root of its weight P in grams, on the one hand, and its module M in decimeters, on the other hand, is between 80 and 280, advantageously between 100 and 260, preferably between 120 and 250.
- the plaintiff also interested in the value of the R5 ratio, which is the ratio between the cube root of the weight P of a pellet, in grams, on the one hand, and its module M in decimeters on the other hand.
- the ratio R5 is usefully between 50 and 170, advantageously between 60 and 160, preferably between 75 and 130.
- examples 21 to 26 and 31 to 42 relate to known treatments for the inoculation of liquid iron, whatever the quality of the iron sighting, gray cast iron, vermicular cast iron, spheroidal graphite or other.
- the device according to the invention can of course be used for the treatment of other molten metals, in particular aluminum and its alloys, light alloys in general, other ferrous and non-ferrous metals.
- EX 32 10 10 30 6 0.0214 148 100.6
- EX 35 30 38.1 9 0.0306 179 101.5
- EX 36 30 46 6.5 0.0253 216 122.8 EX 37 40 50.8 8.6 0.0321 197 106.5
- EX 39 60 50.8 12.3 0.0414 187 94.5
- EX 40 60 38.1 21 0.0499 155 78.4
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- la figure 1 est une vue en coupe transversale, suivant I-I à la figure 2, d'un mode de réalisation d'un dispositif suivant la présente invention, ce dispositif contenant, dans sa moitié gauché à la figure, une plaque de matériau de traitement d'une première forme, et dans sa moitié droite à la figure, une plaque de matériau de traitement d'une autre forme ;
- la figure 2 est une vue de dessus du dispositif de la figure 1, la plaque filtrante amont étant enlevée pour la clarté du dessin.
- R1 n'est pas inférieur à 10% ;
- R1 n'est pas supérieur à 75%.
- R2 n'est pas inférieur à 20% ;
- R2 n'est pas supérieur à 80%.
POIDS P | Ø | h | M | R4 | R5 | |
(g) | (mm) | (mm) | (dm) | | | |
EX 31 | 10 | 25,4 | 7,5 | 0,0236 | 134 | 91,3 |
EX 32 | 10 | 30 | 6 | 0,0214 | 148 | 100,6 |
EX 33 | 20 | 38,1 | 6,3 | 0,0237 | 189 | 114,5 |
EX 34 | 20 | 25,4 | 17 | 0,0363 | 130 | 74,8 |
EX 35 | 30 | 38,1 | 9 | 0,0306 | 179 | 101,5 |
EX 36 | 30 | 46 | 6,5 | 0,0253 | 216 | 122,8 |
EX 37 | 40 | 50,8 | 8,6 | 0,0321 | 197 | 106,5 |
EX 38 | 40 | 38,1 | 14,8 | 0,0416 | 152 | 82,2 |
EX 39 | 60 | 50,8 | 12,3 | 0,0414 | 187 | 94,5 |
EX 40 | 60 | 38,1 | 21 | 0,0499 | 155 | 78,4 |
EX 41 | 80 | 46 | 16 | 0,0472 | 189 | 91,3 |
EX 42 | 110 | 56 | 15 | 0,0482 | 218 | 99,4 |
R4 = |
Claims (13)
- Dispositif (1) pour filtrer et traiter du métal en fusion, comprenant une série d'au moins deux plaques filtrantes (2, 3) en matière minérale réfractaire percées de trous (4, 4a) de filtration pour le passage et la filtration du métal en fusion, ces plaques étant maintenues à une distance prédéterminée l'une de l'autre par des parois périphériques (5) de manière à ménager entre elles une cavité (6) à l'intérieur de laquelle est logée une plaque (7) d'un matériau de traitement dudit métal en fusion ayant une forme telle que, vue dans le sens (8) de passage du métal en fusion, la plaque (7) laisse sur les plaques filtrantes (2, 3) au moins une région (9) non recouverte, caractérisé en ce que le rapport (R1) entre le nombre de trous libres (4a) d'une plaque filtrante (2, 3) situés dans les régions (9) non recouvertes par la plaque (7) de matériau de traitement, d'une part, et le nombre total des trous (4, 4a) de ladite plaque filtrante (2, 3) d'autre part, n'est pas inférieur à 10%, et/ou n'est pas supérieur à 75%, avantageusement n'est pas inférieur à 20%, et/ou n'est pas supérieur à 65%, et de préférence n'est pas inférieur à 35%, et/ou n'est pas supérieur à 50%.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le rapport (R2) entre le volume laissé libre dans la cavité (6) par la plaque (7) de matériau de traitement, d'une part, et le volume total de ladite cavité (6), d'autre part, n'est pas inférieur à 20%, et/ou n'est pas supérieur à 80%, avantageusement n'est pas inférieur à 30%, et/ou n'est pas supérieur à 75%, et de préférence n'est pas inférieur à 35%, et/ou n'est pas supérieur à 72%.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le matériau de traitement est sous la forme d'une plaque ou pastille dont le module (M), ou rapport entre le volume et la surface développée totale de ladite plaque, est une fonction croissante du temps de coulée ou du poids du métal en fusion à traiter à travers le dispositif.
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, pour un traitement d'inoculation de fonte en fusion, le rapport (R3), exprimé en dm x sec, entre le poids (P) du métal coulé en kg, d'une part, et le module (M) de la pastille en dm multiplié par la vitesse du métal coulé à l'intérieur de la chambre de filtre, exprimée en dm/sec, d'autre part, est compris dans la plage 70 d ± 50%, avantageusement dans la plage 70d ± 35%, de préférence dans la plage 70d ± 20%, d étant la masse spécifique du métal en fusion en kg/dm3.
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le module (M) de la pastille est supérieur à au moins 0,0050 dm, avantageusement à au moins 0,0100 dm, de préférence à au moins 0,0150 dm.
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la pastille de matériau de traitement est dimensionnée de façon telle que le rapport (R4) entre la racine carrée de son poids (P) en grammes, d'une part, et son module (M) en dm, d'autre part, est compris entre 80 et 280, avantageusement entre 100 et 260, de préférence entre 120 et 250.
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la pastille de matériau de traitement est dimensionnée de façon telle que le rapport (R5) entre la racine cubique de son poids (P) en grammes, d'une part, et son module (M) en dm, d'autre part, est compris entre 50 et 170, avantageusement entre 60 et 160, de préférence entre 75 et 130.
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le matériau de traitement formant la plaque (7) est choisi parmi les produits désulfurants, thermogènes, inoculants, sphéroïdisants, recarburants, affinants, modificateurs, et les alliages d'addition.
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le poids du matériau de traitement est compris entre 0,001% et 1% environ du poids du métal en fusion à traiter.
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les trous de filtration (4, 4a) ont un diamètre compris entre 1,5 et 3 mm environ, de préférence entre 1,8 et 2,5 mm environ.
- Dispositif conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ledit matériau de traitement est un matériau inoculant.
- Dispositif conforme à la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que ledit matériau inoculant est choisi parmi les composés suivants : alliages de fer, magnésium, composés de lithium, composés de strontium, composés de baryum, silicium, zirconium, aluminium, terres rares, graphite, carbone.
- Utilisation d'un dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans un procédé de coulée en moule de métal en fusion comportant les étapes d'interposition d'un filtre et d'un matériau de traitement sur le passage du métal en fusion avant l'entrée dudit métal dans le moule proprement dit.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9801634 | 1998-02-11 | ||
FR9801634A FR2774611B1 (fr) | 1998-02-11 | 1998-02-11 | Dispositif pour filtrer et traiter du metal en fusion |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0936007A1 true EP0936007A1 (fr) | 1999-08-18 |
EP0936007B1 EP0936007B1 (fr) | 2003-05-07 |
Family
ID=9522860
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99400242A Expired - Lifetime EP0936007B1 (fr) | 1998-02-11 | 1999-02-03 | Dispositif pour filtrer et traiter du métal en fusion |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6216768B1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0936007B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1067441C (fr) |
BR (1) | BR9900575A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69907531T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2774611B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20030173394A1 (en) * | 2002-03-14 | 2003-09-18 | The Boeing Company | System and filter for filtering hard alpha inclusions from reactive metal alloys |
EP1369190A1 (fr) * | 2002-06-03 | 2003-12-10 | Carbon Application Technology Ltd. | Dispositif de filtration pour metal fondu |
US6977058B2 (en) * | 2003-03-11 | 2005-12-20 | Porvair Plc | Inoculant-strainer with improved filtration effectiveness and inoculant dissolution |
WO2005080028A1 (fr) * | 2004-02-24 | 2005-09-01 | Alcan International Limited | Procede d'amorçage d'un filtre de metal en fusion |
CN104399909B (zh) * | 2014-12-15 | 2016-08-24 | 西南铝业(集团)有限责任公司 | 一种铺纯铝装置 |
CN105750512A (zh) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-07-13 | 东风精密铸造有限公司 | 一种熔模精密铸造球铁型内孕育处理的方法 |
US20200156147A1 (en) | 2017-10-27 | 2020-05-21 | United Technologies Corporation | Countergravity Casting Apparatus and Desulfurization Methods |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3658115A (en) * | 1970-11-30 | 1972-04-25 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of inoculating nodular cast iron |
JPS62185859A (ja) * | 1986-02-10 | 1987-08-14 | Kubota Ltd | 型内接種用反応容器 |
EP0249897A1 (fr) * | 1986-06-11 | 1987-12-23 | O.E.T.-METALCONSULT S.r.l. | Procédé et appareillage pour le dégazage, l'affinage ou la filtration de métaux ou d'alliages liquides |
EP0578517A1 (fr) * | 1992-05-29 | 1994-01-12 | Daussan Et Compagnie | Procédé pour traiter du métal en fusion dans une opération de coulée avec interposition d'un filtre, et filtre pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6218589A (ja) * | 1985-07-18 | 1987-01-27 | Casio Electronics Mfg Co Ltd | フア−ブラシの抵抗値調整方法 |
DE3700107A1 (de) * | 1987-01-03 | 1988-07-14 | Stettner & Co | Vorrichtung zum giessen von metallischen schmelzen |
TW234092B (fr) * | 1992-05-29 | 1994-11-11 | Daussan Et Co |
-
1998
- 1998-02-11 FR FR9801634A patent/FR2774611B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-05-29 CN CN98109392A patent/CN1067441C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-02-03 DE DE69907531T patent/DE69907531T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-02-03 EP EP99400242A patent/EP0936007B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-04 US US09/244,025 patent/US6216768B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-02-11 BR BR9900575-1A patent/BR9900575A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3658115A (en) * | 1970-11-30 | 1972-04-25 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of inoculating nodular cast iron |
JPS62185859A (ja) * | 1986-02-10 | 1987-08-14 | Kubota Ltd | 型内接種用反応容器 |
EP0249897A1 (fr) * | 1986-06-11 | 1987-12-23 | O.E.T.-METALCONSULT S.r.l. | Procédé et appareillage pour le dégazage, l'affinage ou la filtration de métaux ou d'alliages liquides |
EP0578517A1 (fr) * | 1992-05-29 | 1994-01-12 | Daussan Et Compagnie | Procédé pour traiter du métal en fusion dans une opération de coulée avec interposition d'un filtre, et filtre pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 012, no. 037 (C - 473) 4 February 1988 (1988-02-04) * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2774611B1 (fr) | 2000-04-28 |
DE69907531D1 (de) | 2003-06-12 |
DE69907531T2 (de) | 2004-03-25 |
EP0936007B1 (fr) | 2003-05-07 |
US6216768B1 (en) | 2001-04-17 |
CN1225948A (zh) | 1999-08-18 |
BR9900575A (pt) | 2000-01-04 |
FR2774611A1 (fr) | 1999-08-13 |
CN1067441C (zh) | 2001-06-20 |
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