EP0934111A1 - Wirbelbettapparat und verfahren zum betreiben des apparats - Google Patents
Wirbelbettapparat und verfahren zum betreiben des apparatsInfo
- Publication number
- EP0934111A1 EP0934111A1 EP97911228A EP97911228A EP0934111A1 EP 0934111 A1 EP0934111 A1 EP 0934111A1 EP 97911228 A EP97911228 A EP 97911228A EP 97911228 A EP97911228 A EP 97911228A EP 0934111 A1 EP0934111 A1 EP 0934111A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- nozzle
- fluidized bed
- bed apparatus
- chamber
- lines
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
- B01J2/16—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by suspending the powder material in a gas, e.g. in fluidised beds or as a falling curtain
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fluidized bed apparatus for producing and / or treating granules, comprising a container which has an inlet chamber through which a gas, in particular air, can flow from bottom to top, and a vortex chamber which is arranged above the inlet chamber and is designed to fluidize the material has, with pivotable lamellae arranged between the inlet and the vortex chamber, and with at least one nozzle arm attached in the container below the lamellae with at least one nozzle line which carries a nozzle directed into the vortex chamber for introducing pelletizers.
- the fluidized bed apparatus should in particular also be used for coating (coating) temperature-sensitive granules, e.g. B. enzymes, by spraying molten material.
- nozzles for introducing granules into the fluid bed of a fluidized bed apparatus, through which nozzles the granules are sprayed onto the granules.
- Aqueous solutions of granulation materials or granulation aids are usually introduced through nozzles arranged above the fluidized bed, ie from top to bottom. This arrangement protects the nozzles from contamination by the granulate.
- the arrangement is disadvantageous in the case of molten granules, since the relatively long way from the nozzles to the fluidized bed leads to premature cooling and thus to solidification of the melt.
- a shorter flight path of the sprayed, molten material can be achieved with a spray direction pointing upwards, the nozzles being located directly below the fluidized bed.
- the melt advantageously cools down only after it hits the granules, and it only solidifies there.
- the shortest possible distance between the nozzle openings and the fluidized bed is desired.
- granules should be prevented from caking on the nozzles and nozzle lines.
- This requirement is met in that only the nozzle openings protrude into the fluidized bed and the nozzle feed lines are arranged below the fluidized bed, that is to say essentially within the inlet chamber.
- Such a vertebrate bed apparatus corresponding to the type mentioned at the outset is known from DE 38 39 723 C1 and EP 0 370 167 B1.
- This fluidized bed apparatus has an at least approximately circular-cylindrical container, and the circular sector-shaped, radially oriented, partially overlapping and pivotable about their longitudinal axis slats set the upward gas flow in rotation around the container axis.
- Four nozzle arms extend radially inward immediately below the slat bottom. Each nozzle arm carries two nozzle lines, each with one nozzle.
- nozzle lines In operation, there are eight narrow and four wide passages between adjacent slats.
- the nozzle lines extend obliquely upwards in operation in the wide passages, so that only the upper part of the nozzle line projects together with the nozzle into the swirl chamber.
- the remaining part of the spray device, namely the nozzle arms and the larger part of the nozzle line. are covered by the lamellae so that the granules in the fluidized bed cannot bake on the spraying device.
- the slats which can be pivoted about their longitudinal axis, are in the rest position, whereby they are arranged essentially horizontally and lie on one another in a sealing manner Slat floor falls into the entry chamber. In the operating position, however, the fins are at an angle and the air flowing from the bottom up is set in rotation.
- the nozzles are firmly attached to the tops of some slats.
- the nozzles are supplied with the melt via flexible lines.
- the flexibility of the nozzle lines located within the inlet chamber due to the pivotability of the lamellae leads to disadvantages which are explained in more detail below.
- the slats lie on top of one another apart from a gap which is predetermined by spacers and is only a few mm.
- air flows through the column, but its throughput is lower than in fluidized bed operation in order to prevent the product from falling through the column. Accordingly, the air speed and the gap width are on top of each other Voted.
- the air flowing through the gaps during granulation causes the granules to rotate about the axis of the circular cylindrical container.
- the lamellae are inclined to empty the finished granulate, so that the product falls from the vortex chamber through the lamella bottom into the inlet chamber, in the lower area of which the outlet is located.
- melts are to be sprayed, then kick, e.g. B. in the case of melted nonionic surfactants, problems.
- kick e.g. B. in the case of melted nonionic surfactants, problems.
- the problem-free supply of the melt it is necessary for it to be kept at an elevated temperature in the entire line area. Heating the supply line is therefore generally unavoidable.
- the outside of the feed lines located inside the inlet chamber must not exceed a certain temperature in order to prevent the granules from caking and, accordingly, to avoid frequent cleaning of the apparatus.
- insulation and / or cooling of the outside of the supply line is therefore necessary at least in the region of the inlet chamber.
- the invention has for its object to avoid the above-mentioned disadvantages resulting from the pivoting of the slats in a fluidized bed apparatus of the type mentioned in a simple and economical manner.
- the slats have cutouts through which the nozzle lines are guided so that they extend partially into the swirl chamber, the cutouts being of a size sufficient for the pivoting movement of the slats.
- the cutouts are preferably sealed with a flexible material against the nozzle lines. Sealing is not absolutely necessary, however, if sufficient air flow from the inlet chamber into the fluidized bed chamber ensures that the granulate does not fall through the cutouts.
- the design of the heating, thermal insulation and cooling in the selection of the technical measures is no longer restricted by the requirement for pivotability or flexibility.
- the pivotability of the slats is not hindered, since the cutouts provided in the slats for the nozzle lines are sufficiently large.
- the good thermal insulation and cooling possible due to the rigidity of the nozzle arm prevents the granules from caking on the nozzle lines during filling or emptying of the fluidized bed apparatus.
- the optional flexible seal is more effective than covering the nozzle lines lying freely in the wide passages between the lamellae during the operation of the known fluidized bed apparatus according to EP 0 370 167 B1.
- the flexible material is preferably made of rubber.
- a rubber seal can also be used when hot melts to be sprayed are used, since the rigidity of the nozzle arms provides effective thermal insulation and Cooling of the nozzle lines allowed, so that temperature-sensitive sealing materials can be used.
- the flexible material being inserted with its outer edge between the layers.
- the advantages are the smooth surface, less wear and better sealing. In contrast to fastening with screws, tearing of the sealing material is avoided even during prolonged use and increased contamination at the screw points.
- the outer edge of the flexible material preferably has a serrated shape to prevent material wear at the edge.
- the nozzle arms and / or the nozzle lines are surrounded by an evacuable jacket. Vacuum insulation is only possible through the rigid design of the nozzle arms according to the invention.
- the outside of the nozzle arms and / or the nozzle lines consists of a cooling jacket which is operated by a cooling medium, e.g. B. air or water flows through. In many cases, air with a temperature of around 20 ° C is sufficient.
- a cooling medium e.g. B. air or water flows through. In many cases, air with a temperature of around 20 ° C is sufficient.
- the outer surface on the top of the nozzle arm has the shape of a pointed roof, that is to say an inverted V.
- the underside is preferably V-shaped, ie shaped in the manner of an inverted pointed roof.
- each nozzle arm has one to three, preferably two, nozzle lines.
- Contamination of the nozzle arm with its nozzle lines is largely avoided if, apart from the nozzle insert, screws or similar ties is waived.
- the nozzle arms only have welded connections with their nozzle lines. This configuration, too, is only technically feasible in an economical manner due to the rigidity of the nozzle arm according to the invention. Since the nozzles are wearing parts, it is advantageous if they can be detached from the nozzle lines, for example by screwing them in.
- the invention also relates to a method for coating temperature-sensitive granules, eg. B. enzymes, with the fluidized bed apparatus according to the invention.
- the melted coating material which is kept at a temperature exceeding the melting temperature by at least 20 ° C.
- spray air which has at least the same temperature, via the nozzles into the swirl chamber filled with the granulate, and the outer jacket is kept at a temperature of 20 to 50 ° C, preferably at most 40 ° C.
- the spray air also serves to heat the feed channel for the melt
- One example is the coating of enzyme granules (protease), which are used as detergent components.
- enzyme granules prote
- the starting product is coated with a melt with nonionic surfactants mixed with titanium dioxide.
- the melt has a temperature of about 120 ° C.
- FIG. 1 shows a top view of a lamella bottom of the fluidized bed apparatus according to the invention which is in the operating state for coating, in a schematic partial view
- FIG. 2 shows a section along the line II-II in FIG. 1,
- FIG. 3 shows a detail from FIG. 2,
- FIG. 4 shows the nozzle arm according to FIG. 2 in longitudinal section
- FIG. 5 shows the interaction of lamellae with the nozzle lines when the lamella bottom is almost closed (operating state)
- FIG. 6 shows a representation according to FIG. 5 with the lamella floor open
- Figure 7 is a view corresponding to Figure 1 with the slat bottom open.
- the fluidized bed base partially shown in FIG. 1 and standing out of the swirl chamber from above consists of a large number of elongated circular sector-shaped lamellae 1 which overlap in order to form a floor which is only slightly open in the operating position.
- the spacers specifying the minimum gap between the slats 1 are not shown for the sake of clarity.
- a nozzle line 3 with a nozzle 4 inserted at the end of the line projects through cutouts 2 in the central slat base 1 according to FIG. 1.
- Recesses 5 adapted to the cutouts 2 are provided on the edges of the slats 1 adjoining the central slat adjacent to the nozzle lines.
- the nozzles 4 are supplied with the melt to be sprayed, the cooling air, etc., via the nozzle lines 3 and the nozzle arm 6 rigidly connected thereto (FIG. 3).
- the nozzle arm 6, each with two nozzle lines 3 and the nozzles 4 inserted therein, is rigidly connected as a whole to the housing wall 7 of the fluidized bed apparatus and is guided through the wall 7 to the outside.
- the feed 8 for the cooling air and the feed 9 for the melt to be sprayed are shown in FIG.
- the outside of the nozzle arm 6 facing the lamellae 1 has the shape of a pointed roof, that is to say an inverted V, so that when the fluidized bed apparatus is emptied, the finished granules striking the nozzle arm 6 slide off and do not accumulate on the nozzle arm.
- the shape of the upper side 11 and the lower side 15 of the nozzle arm 6 can be seen from FIGS. 5 and 6.
- the nozzle arm 6 and the nozzle lines 3 contain a vacuum jacket (not shown in the drawings) and an outer cooling jacket (also not shown) through which air flows at 20 ° C, so that the outside despite the hot melt above 100 ° C has a temperature of less than 30 ° C.
- FIG. 4 Another embodiment of the nozzle arm, also according to the invention, is shown in longitudinal section in FIG. Except for the screwed-in nozzles, all connections are welded.
- the channel 12 for the hot melt is surrounded by a jacket 13 for the likewise hot spray air, which in turn is encased by thermal insulation 14, which in this case consists of a jacket containing a solid insulating material.
- thermal insulation 14 which in this case consists of a jacket containing a solid insulating material.
- the nozzle arm with its nozzle lines 3 has this multilayer structure from the inlet through the housing wall 7 to the nozzles, which is only economically possible due to the rigidity of the nozzle arm and the nozzle lines.
- FIG. 3 shows the seal 10 of the nozzle line 3 with respect to the lamella 1 in a perspective view.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 show the slats 1 already shown in FIG. 1 together with a nozzle line 3 in the operating or emptying state of the vertebrate bed apparatus.
- the thin arrows indicate the pivoting direction of the lamellae 1
- the thick arrows in FIG. 5 represent the flow of the fluidizing air.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Glanulating (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19644244A DE19644244A1 (de) | 1996-10-24 | 1996-10-24 | Wirbelbettapparat und Verfahren zum Betreiben des Apparates |
DE19644244 | 1996-10-24 | ||
PCT/EP1997/005694 WO1998017380A1 (de) | 1996-10-24 | 1997-10-15 | Wirbelbettapparat und verfahren zum betreiben des apparats |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0934111A1 true EP0934111A1 (de) | 1999-08-11 |
Family
ID=7809892
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97911228A Withdrawn EP0934111A1 (de) | 1996-10-24 | 1997-10-15 | Wirbelbettapparat und verfahren zum betreiben des apparats |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6203761B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP0934111A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2001502234A (de) |
DE (1) | DE19644244A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1998017380A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19651446A1 (de) | 1996-12-11 | 1998-06-18 | Henkel Kgaa | Umhüllte Enzymzubereitung mit verbesserter Löslichkeit |
DE10131340A1 (de) | 2000-07-04 | 2002-01-17 | Witte Velbert Gmbh & Co Kg | Vorrichtung zur Befestigung eines ersten Bauteiles in einer Abstandslage zu einem zweiten Bauteil |
DE102006005382A1 (de) | 2006-02-03 | 2007-08-16 | Glatt Gmbh | Messung, Überwachung und Regelung gerichteter Produktbewegungen in Wirbel- oder Strahlschichtanlagen und geeignete Anlagen |
FI126745B (fi) * | 2012-11-13 | 2017-04-28 | Valmet Technologies Oy | Leijukattilan ilmasuutinjärjestely, leijukattilan arinapalkki, leijukattilan arina ja leijukattila sekä menetelmä karkean materiaalin poistamiseksi leijukattilasta |
US9327320B1 (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2016-05-03 | Green Search, LLC | Apparatus and method for coal dedusting |
DE102016122133B4 (de) * | 2016-11-17 | 2021-12-30 | ACG Pharma Technologies Private Limited | Behandlungsmodul mit einer Sprühdüsenanordnung |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4759956A (en) * | 1987-05-22 | 1988-07-26 | Lever Brothers Company | Process for encapsulating particles using polymer latex |
FI78777C (fi) * | 1987-10-15 | 1989-09-11 | Tampella Oy Ab | Munstycksanordning. |
DE3806543A1 (de) * | 1988-03-01 | 1989-09-14 | Herbert Huettlin | Wirbelschichtapparatur, insbes. zum granulieren pulverfoermiger substanz |
DE3839723C1 (de) | 1988-11-24 | 1989-07-20 | Herbert 7853 Steinen De Huettlin | |
DE4118433C2 (de) | 1991-06-05 | 1994-12-01 | Herbert Huettlin | Fließbettapparatur zum Behandeln partikelförmigen Gutes |
US5547129A (en) | 1994-09-30 | 1996-08-20 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Low profile spray assembly |
DE19528584A1 (de) * | 1995-08-03 | 1997-02-06 | Huettlin Coating Tech Gmbh | Fließbettapparatur zum Herstellen und/oder Weiterbehandeln granulatförmigen Gutes |
-
1996
- 1996-10-24 DE DE19644244A patent/DE19644244A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-10-15 WO PCT/EP1997/005694 patent/WO1998017380A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-10-15 JP JP10518924A patent/JP2001502234A/ja active Pending
- 1997-10-15 EP EP97911228A patent/EP0934111A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-10-15 US US09/284,758 patent/US6203761B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9817380A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19644244A1 (de) | 1998-04-30 |
WO1998017380A1 (de) | 1998-04-30 |
US6203761B1 (en) | 2001-03-20 |
JP2001502234A (ja) | 2001-02-20 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
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STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
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Effective date: 20010609 |