EP0931928B1 - Vorrichtung zum Verhindern von Kavitation bei Einspritzpumpen - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum Verhindern von Kavitation bei Einspritzpumpen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0931928B1
EP0931928B1 EP99400183A EP99400183A EP0931928B1 EP 0931928 B1 EP0931928 B1 EP 0931928B1 EP 99400183 A EP99400183 A EP 99400183A EP 99400183 A EP99400183 A EP 99400183A EP 0931928 B1 EP0931928 B1 EP 0931928B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
valve
return
orifice
duct
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99400183A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0931928A1 (de
Inventor
Edmond Zych
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MAN Energy Solutions France SAS
Original Assignee
SEMT Pielstick SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SEMT Pielstick SA filed Critical SEMT Pielstick SA
Publication of EP0931928A1 publication Critical patent/EP0931928A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0931928B1 publication Critical patent/EP0931928B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/001—Pumps with means for preventing erosion on fuel discharge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/04—Fuel-injection apparatus having means for avoiding effect of cavitation, e.g. erosion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/40—Fuel-injection apparatus with fuel accumulators, e.g. a fuel injector having an integrated fuel accumulator

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for eliminating cavitation in the excess fuel return port (s) in the compression chamber of a fuel injection pump of an internal combustion engine after the end of the injection phase.
  • This phase of the operation of the injection pump called “Discharge” causes sudden fuel evacuation excess at very high pressure and driven by a very high speed of circulation in return ports where the fuel already present is at low pressure. This leads to the interface of the fuel jet evacuated and fuel at low pressure, the appearance of bubbles due degassing which, combined with the speed of circulation, cause erosion by cavitation of the wall of the return orifices, these erosions can cause destruction of the injection pump.
  • One of the means to eliminate this cavitation is to increase the pressure prevailing in the return ports of the injection pump at the time of discharge.
  • the invention proposes to remedy these drawbacks by providing a supply system of fuel of an internal combustion engine, in which a pump injection is connected by an inlet to a duct supply and, through a return port to a return duct of the excess fuel in the compression chamber of the pump and in which means are provided for eliminating cavitation in the return orifice at the end of the phase injection including a low loss check valve charge inserted in said supply conduit upstream of said orifice of admission, characterized in that said anti-cavitation means further comprising, inserted in parallel in said return duct and at near said return orifice, a calibrated valve intended to cause the increase in pressure in said return port of the pump injection valve and a normally open one-way valve whose closure is caused by the appearance of pressure in the orifice of return, greater than that which prevails in the supply pipe in upstream of said check valve
  • the one-way valve is provided with a spring causing the opening of said valve in the the pressure prevailing upstream of the non-return valve is substantially equal to the pressure in the return port.
  • the conduit return has a bypass accumulator and upstream of the valve and one-way valve.
  • Another object of the invention is the use of said device for implement fuel injection into a internal combustion.
  • the advantages of this device lie in less wear components of the injection pump, thus allowing the reduction maintenance frequency and minimizing particle dispersion metal in the fuel.
  • FIG. 1 represents a diagram of the device according to the invention.
  • Figures 2, 3 and 4 show the piston of the injection pump at different stages of compression.
  • the figure 5 represents the evolution of the pressures in the return orifices during the injection phases, curve A representing this development for a pump not fitted with the device according to the invention and curve B representing the same evolution for a pump fitted with the device according to the invention.
  • a duct 2 provided with a non-return valve 3 connects a fuel circulation pump 1 supplied by a tank 9 to a fuel injection pump 4 partially represented by through a supply port 4a.
  • the pressure of delivery of pump 1 is limited by a calibrated valve 1a.
  • the conduit main return 5 and the secondary conduits Sa and 5b connect in parallel the return port 4b of the injection pump 4 to a calibrated valve 6 and a one-way valve 7.
  • the one-way valve 7 is controlled at line 7a by the pressure in line 5b and at line 7b by the pressure prevailing in the duct 2 upstream of the calibrated valve 3.
  • a spring 7c strengthens the steering action due to the line pressure 7b and keeps the valve 7 in the open position in the absence of a significant pressure difference between the two control lines.
  • the valve 7 implements a driving diaphragm a pressure drop intended to maintain a certain level of pressure fuel upstream of the valve 7.
  • the orifices 4a and 4b are put selectively in communication with the 4k compression chamber of the injection pump 4 via a peripheral groove 4c of the casing 4j and of the orifices 4d and 4e of the piston liner 4f in function of the 4g piston movements including the edges delivery interruption 4h and 4i.
  • a low 8 accumulator volume is installed bypass on duct 5 immediately in downstream of the return port 4b.
  • the calibrated valve 6 and the valve 7 are connected to the tank 9 through conduits 5c and 5d.
  • the piston 4g is in bottom dead center and releases the 4d and 4th ports to put them in communication with the 4k compression.
  • the piston 4g is substantially halfway and closes orifices 4d and 4e interrupting communication with the 4k compression chamber.
  • the piston 4g continued its stroke and the edges 4i and 4h clear the 4d and 4e holes and put them in communication with the 4k compression chamber, via a 4m groove formed according to a generator on the side wall of the piston 4g.
  • the piston 4g is at the start of the compression stroke as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the valve 6 is calibrated at a pressure between 50 and 100 bars
  • the damper 8 has an inflation pressure slightly lower than the calibration of the valve 6 and , in the absence of a significant pressure difference between the conduits 7a and 7b, the valve 7 is kept open in position 7e by the spring 7c.
  • the diaphragm of the valve 7 in the 7th position provides a circulation pressure of the order of 3 bars.
  • the fuel supplied by the pump 1 circulates in the conduit 2 through the non-return valve 3, the orifice 4a, the compression chamber 4k, the orifice 4b, the valve 7 and returns to the tank 9 through the conduit 5d. This situation corresponds in Figure 5 to time T 0 of curve B.
  • the piston 4g continues its compression stroke and the high pressure in the line (not shown) connecting the compression chamber 4k to the injector (not shown) causes the non-return valve 3 to close and the fuel to be discharged through the port 4b.
  • the sudden increase in flow in the conduit 5b and the pressure drop in the valve 7 causes a significant increase in pressure in the conduits Sa and 7a, causing the piloting of the valve 7 which passes to position 7d.
  • the pressure continues to rise in the duct Sa until reaching the setting value of the valve 6 which begins to open.
  • the shock absorber 8 fills and rises in pressure, thus reducing the water hammer on the valve 6. This situation corresponds in FIG. 5 to the evolution of the curve B in the vicinity of the point B 1 .
  • discharge corresponds to the time T 1 and to the pressure P 2 in FIG. 5.
  • This discharge causes a sudden transfer of fuel through the orifices 4d and 4e in the form of jets at very high speed, causing a rapid rise in pressure in the orifices 4d and 4e corresponding to the pressure peak B 3 on the curve B in FIG. 5.
  • the interface of the high speed jet with the fuel present is the seat of turbulence generating gas bubbles if the pressure prevailing in the fuel present in the orifices 4d and 4 e is insufficient, which is minimized by the high pressure level P 2 , between 50 and 100 bars.
  • the piston After reaching top dead center, the piston travels back to bottom dead center, the pressure drops in the 4k compression which increases in volume and, when the 4d and 4e orifices are again in communication with the 4k compression chamber, the pressure also drops throughout the circuit between the non-return valve 3, the calibrated valve 6 and the valve 7.
  • the spring 7c causes the valve 7 to pass into position 7d, the damper 8 is emptied and the cycle can start again.
  • Curve A in FIG. 5 represents the same operating phases for a pump not fitted with a device according to the invention.
  • the pressure at point A 1 remains close to the pressure P 0 , ie close to a few bars.
  • the pressure P 1 at point A 2 less than 50 bars, corresponding to the start of the discharge through the orifices 4d and 4e is insufficient to avoid the formation of gas bubbles at the periphery of the jets. These bubbles strike the walls of the orifices 4d and 4e and create an erosion which causes the destruction of the jacket 4f.
  • the residual pressure maintained in the orifices 4d and 4e by the calibrated valve 6 considerably reduces the formation of gas bubbles and minimizes erosion.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Pipeline Systems (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Kraftstoffzufuhrsystem eines Verbrennungsmotors, mit einer Einspritzpumpe, die durch eine Einströmöffnung (4a) mit einer Zulaufleitung (2) und durch eine Rücklauföffnung (4b) mit einer Rücklaufleitung (5) für den im Verdichtungsraum der Pumpe überschüssig vorhandenen Kraftstoff verbunden ist, und bei dem Mittel zum Beseitigen der Kavitation in der Rücklauföffnung am Ende der Einspritzphase vorgesehen sind, die insbesondere ein Rückschlagventil (3) mit geringem Druckverlust umfassen, das stromaufwärts der Einströmöffnung (4a) in die Zulaufleitung eingesetzt ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die genannten Antikavitationsmittel ferner, in der Rücklaufleitung (5) nahe der Rücklauföffnung (4b) parallel geschaltet, ein kalibriertes Ventil (6), das dazu bestimmt ist, den Druckanstieg in der Rücklauföffnung der Einspritzpumpe herbeizuführen, sowie ein normal offenes Einwegeventil (7) umfassen, dessen Schließen durch Auftreten eines Druckes in der Rücklauföffnung bewirkt wird, der höher als der in der Zulaufleitung stromaufwärts des Rückschlagventils herrschende Druck ist.
  2. Zufuhrsystem nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Einwegeventil (7) mit einer Feder (7c) versehen ist, die das Öffnen des Ventils bewirkt, wenn der stromaufwärts dem Rückschlagventil (3) herrschende Druck im Wesentlichen dem Druck in der Rücklauföffnung (4b) entspricht.
  3. Zufuhrsystem nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rücklaufleitung (5) einen Speicher (8) in Abzweigung und stromaufwärts des kalibrierten Ventils (6) und des Einwegeventils (7) umfasst.
  4. Verwendung des Zufuhrsystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche zum Ausführen der Kraftstoffeinspritzung in einen Verbrennungsmotor.
EP99400183A 1998-01-27 1999-01-27 Vorrichtung zum Verhindern von Kavitation bei Einspritzpumpen Expired - Lifetime EP0931928B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9800836 1998-01-27
FR9800836A FR2774132B1 (fr) 1998-01-27 1998-01-27 Dispositif pour eviter la cavitation dans les pompes a injection

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0931928A1 EP0931928A1 (de) 1999-07-28
EP0931928B1 true EP0931928B1 (de) 2003-09-03

Family

ID=9522197

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99400183A Expired - Lifetime EP0931928B1 (de) 1998-01-27 1999-01-27 Vorrichtung zum Verhindern von Kavitation bei Einspritzpumpen

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US6065453A (de)
EP (1) EP0931928B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH11280597A (de)
KR (1) KR100625891B1 (de)
CN (1) CN1118622C (de)
AT (1) ATE248988T1 (de)
BR (1) BR9900355A (de)
DE (1) DE69910850T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0931928T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2774132B1 (de)
HK (1) HK1021655A1 (de)
NO (1) NO322999B1 (de)
PL (1) PL194133B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2774132B1 (fr) * 1998-01-27 2000-04-07 Semt Pielstick Dispositif pour eviter la cavitation dans les pompes a injection
DE102006037174A1 (de) * 2006-08-09 2008-02-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Regelung eines Kraftstoffvolumenstroms in einem Niederdruckkreislaufsystem für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine
US7481204B2 (en) * 2007-06-26 2009-01-27 Deere & Company Internal combustion engine flow regulating valve
KR100992227B1 (ko) * 2008-10-27 2010-11-05 현대중공업 주식회사 디젤엔진 연료분사펌프의 캐비테이션 손상방지장치
DE102008059289A1 (de) * 2008-11-27 2010-06-02 Andreas Stihl Ag & Co. Kg Kraftstoffzufuhreinrichtung mit einem elektromagnetischen Kraftstoffventil
WO2011160069A1 (en) * 2010-06-17 2011-12-22 S.P.M. Flow Control, Inc. Pump cavitation device
CN103080531B (zh) * 2010-07-14 2015-07-22 沃尔沃拉斯特瓦格纳公司 具有压力控制式泄放功能的燃料喷射***
UA109682C2 (uk) 2010-12-09 2015-09-25 Зміщений клапанний отвір у поршневому насосі
USD687125S1 (en) 2011-08-19 2013-07-30 S.P.M. Flow Control, Inc. Fluid end
CN104204519B (zh) 2012-02-01 2016-08-03 S.P.M.流量控制股份有限公司 具有集成腹板部分的泵流体端
USD679292S1 (en) 2012-04-27 2013-04-02 S.P.M. Flow Control, Inc. Center portion of fluid cylinder for pump
KR101338805B1 (ko) * 2012-06-14 2013-12-06 현대자동차주식회사 압력 맥동 저감이 가능한 ｇｄｉ 엔진의 연료공급장치
USD706832S1 (en) 2012-06-15 2014-06-10 S.P.M. Flow Control, Inc. Fluid cylinder for a pump
USD705817S1 (en) 2012-06-21 2014-05-27 S.P.M. Flow Control, Inc. Center portion of a fluid cylinder for a pump
US10378500B2 (en) * 2016-09-27 2019-08-13 Caterpillar Inc. Protection device for limiting pump cavitation in common rail system

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US2774132A (en) * 1953-08-17 1956-12-18 Federal Mogul Bower Bearings Method of making roller bearing roller retainers
US4118156A (en) * 1976-12-01 1978-10-03 Sulzer Brothers Limited Fuel injection pump having choke means in overflow line
DE3127543A1 (de) * 1981-07-11 1983-01-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart "kraftstoffversorgungseinrichtung fuer brennkraftmaschinen"
JPS62131970A (ja) * 1985-12-04 1987-06-15 Nippon Denso Co Ltd 燃料オ−バ−フロ−バルブ
DE3722264A1 (de) * 1987-07-06 1989-01-19 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage fuer brennkraftmaschinen
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JPH05157015A (ja) * 1991-12-04 1993-06-22 Nippondenso Co Ltd 燃料装置
JPH05180117A (ja) * 1991-12-27 1993-07-20 Nippondenso Co Ltd 燃料噴射装置
JP2689226B2 (ja) * 1994-12-02 1997-12-10 株式会社ゼクセル 高圧燃料噴射装置用燃料ポンプ
JPH08296528A (ja) * 1995-04-25 1996-11-12 Yanmar Diesel Engine Co Ltd 燃料噴射装置の調圧機構
DE19540892A1 (de) * 1995-11-02 1997-05-07 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Kraftstoffanlage
FR2774132B1 (fr) * 1998-01-27 2000-04-07 Semt Pielstick Dispositif pour eviter la cavitation dans les pompes a injection

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO322999B1 (no) 2006-12-18
DE69910850D1 (de) 2003-10-09
DE69910850T2 (de) 2004-07-29
NO990368L (no) 1999-07-28
PL331056A1 (en) 1999-08-02
FR2774132A1 (fr) 1999-07-30
EP0931928A1 (de) 1999-07-28
KR19990068166A (ko) 1999-08-25
BR9900355A (pt) 2000-02-29
DK0931928T3 (da) 2004-01-05
FR2774132B1 (fr) 2000-04-07
HK1021655A1 (en) 2000-06-23
CN1118622C (zh) 2003-08-20
PL194133B1 (pl) 2007-04-30
NO990368D0 (no) 1999-01-27
JPH11280597A (ja) 1999-10-12
ATE248988T1 (de) 2003-09-15
CN1224802A (zh) 1999-08-04
US6065453A (en) 2000-05-23
KR100625891B1 (ko) 2006-09-20

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