EP0925856B1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un tube d'évaporation - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'un tube d'évaporation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0925856B1
EP0925856B1 EP98122877A EP98122877A EP0925856B1 EP 0925856 B1 EP0925856 B1 EP 0925856B1 EP 98122877 A EP98122877 A EP 98122877A EP 98122877 A EP98122877 A EP 98122877A EP 0925856 B1 EP0925856 B1 EP 0925856B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ribs
compression
pipe
disc
teeth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98122877A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0925856A3 (fr
EP0925856A2 (fr
Inventor
Gerhard Dr.-Ing. Schüz
Andreas Dipl.-Phys. Dr. Beutler
Karine Dipl.-Ing. Brand
Andreas Dipl.-Ing. Schwitalla
Manfred Dipl.-Ing. Knab
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wieland Werke AG
Original Assignee
Wieland Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wieland Werke AG filed Critical Wieland Werke AG
Publication of EP0925856A2 publication Critical patent/EP0925856A2/fr
Publication of EP0925856A3 publication Critical patent/EP0925856A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0925856B1 publication Critical patent/EP0925856B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/18—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
    • F28F13/185—Heat-exchange surfaces provided with microstructures or with porous coatings
    • F28F13/187—Heat-exchange surfaces provided with microstructures or with porous coatings especially adapted for evaporator surfaces or condenser surfaces, e.g. with nucleation sites
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • B21C37/20—Making helical or similar guides in or on tubes without removing material, e.g. by drawing same over mandrels, by pushing same through dies ; Making tubes with angled walls, ribbed tubes and tubes with decorated walls
    • B21C37/207—Making helical or similar guides in or on tubes without removing material, e.g. by drawing same over mandrels, by pushing same through dies ; Making tubes with angled walls, ribbed tubes and tubes with decorated walls with helical guides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • F28F1/422—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element with outside means integral with the tubular element and inside means integral with the tubular element
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
    • Y10T29/49377—Tube with heat transfer means
    • Y10T29/49378—Finned tube
    • Y10T29/49385—Made from unitary workpiece, i.e., no assembly

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a Heat exchange tube, especially for the evaporation of liquids from pure substances or mixtures on the outside of the pipe, according to the preamble of claim 1 (see e.g. DE-A-28 08 080).
  • the invention thus relates to a method for producing channel-like structures on the outside of pipes with Ribs formed on the outside from the tube wall. These structures serve to intensify the heat transfer during evaporation of liquids from pure substances and mixtures the outside of the pipe.
  • Evaporation occurs in many areas of refrigeration and air conditioning technology as well as in process and energy technology.
  • Tube heat exchangers are often used in technology which liquids of pure substances or mixtures on the Vaporizing the outside of the pipe and doing so on the inside of the pipe cool the flowing medium.
  • Such devices are considered flooded Called evaporator.
  • the present invention relates to a method for Manufacture of tubes with a textured outside, whereby the structure to enlarge the outer surface and the Heat transfer coefficients in the evaporation of liquids serves on the outside of the pipe.
  • To increase the heat transfer coefficient the process of evaporation of bubble boiling intensified.
  • education from bubbles to germ sites are germs mostly small gas or vapor inclusions on the surface.
  • the growing bubble has reached a certain size, it comes off the surface.
  • the germ site is flooded with flowing liquid will, may the inclusion of gas or vapor by liquid repressed. In this case the germ site is inactivated. This can be done by a suitable design of the Avoid germination. For this it is necessary that the opening the germ site is smaller than the cavity underneath, such as. with undercut structures.
  • integrally rolled finned tubes where the fins are formed from the tube wall by rolling.
  • integrally rolled finned tubes are understood to be finned tubes, where the ribs are made of a wall material Smooth tube were formed.
  • the outer diameter of the tube in the finned Area is not larger than the outside diameter of the non-ribbed End and intermediate pieces of the pipe.
  • the invention has for its object that between neighboring Ribs of an integrally rolled finned tube Channels with material from the top of the Ribs to close essentially, the closing of the channels take place with the least possible material expenditure should.
  • For transportation of liquid and vapor between the channel and the environment have pore-like or slit-like openings in the lids of the Channels are formed.
  • the goal is on the To create a structure with high porosity on the outside of the tube. A high porosity leads to a large specific Contact area between the pipe and the surrounding medium and increased thus the active heat transfer surface for the evaporation process.
  • the structure is also said to be of high uniformity Pore size or slot width along the tube axis exhibit. To ensure that the pipe can be easily inserted into the To ensure the tube sheet of a tube bundle heat exchanger, without changing the structure, the outside of the Pipe should be as smooth as possible.
  • the object is achieved in that the projections after the first upsetting step the first part of the Form manhole cover and that at least one further upsetting step carried out by means of a gearwheel-like swaging disk is so that the manhole cover is gradually joined together is formed by cantilevers.
  • the material of the rib is used for sectioned upsetting within limited, defined by the swage plate Areas from the upper region of the rib on both sides in the axial direction repressed.
  • the displaced material forms over the Channel cantilevers that are used to cover a lid to form.
  • the lid is only in the areas to the side of the machined sections of the Rib tip formed.
  • Sections of the rib tip partially or completely compressed expanding the covered areas of the canal.
  • Last can the outer surface of the tube through a smoothing disc constant diameter can be smoothed.
  • the first upsetting step produced cantilevers up to the middle of the Project channel so that cantilevers from adjacent ribs meet and form a bridge over the canal. Due to increasing material solidification, they are sufficient Overhangs formed in the subsequent upsetting steps become less far across the channel. In this way it is possible to create a surface structure in which the channels are connected to the environment via pores. Hit the cantilevers after the first machining step not together, one arises in the following steps Surface structure with slit-like openings.
  • the tool holder 4 can be adjusted radially. They are in turn arranged in a stationary roller head (not shown) (according to another variant, the tube is only advanced axially when the roller head is rotating).
  • the smooth pipe 1 ′ entering the device in the direction of the arrow is set in rotation by the driven rolling tools 5 arranged on the circumference, the axes of the rolling tools 5 running obliquely to the pipe axis in order to be able to produce helical ribs 2.
  • the rolling tools 5 consist, in a manner known per se, of a plurality of rolling disks 9 arranged side by side, the diameter of which increases in the direction of the arrow.
  • the centrally arranged rolling tools 5 form the helically surrounding ribs 2 from the tube wall of the smooth tube 1 ', the tube wall in the forming area under the roller tools 5 being supported here by a profiled rolling mandrel 10. This results in ribs 11 running around the inside of the tube 1 in a helical manner.
  • a first upsetting step the ribs 2 are covered by the Teeth 6a of a first upsetting disk 6 in sections on the circumference compressed by the radial compression depth X (see Fig. 3a / 4a / 5a), the outer diameter of the first compression washer 6 smaller than the diameter of the last roller 9. Overhangs 12a are formed.
  • a second compression step those that have not yet been compressed are removed Sections 15a of the ribs 2 through the teeth 7a of the second compression plate 7 partially deformed (see Fig. 3b / 4b / 5b), the radial compression depth Y being at least as large is like the radial compression depth X in the first compression step. There are further overhangs 12b, and the cover 3a of the Channel 3 is enlarged.
  • the upsetting disks 6, 7 preferably have 10 to 30 teeth 6a, 7a per cm circumference, in particular 14 to 25 teeth 6a, 7a per cm circumference.
  • the teeth 6a, 7a run parallel or obliquely at the angle ⁇ or ⁇ (as shown in Fig. 2) to the respective disc axis.
  • teeth 6a run at an angle ⁇ of 40 ° diagonally to the disc axis.
  • the second upsetting disk 7 has the same diameter D as the first upsetting disk 6 and the same number Z of teeth 7a.
  • the teeth 7a of the second Swage plate 7 also run obliquely to the plate axis, however, their orientation is the orientation of the teeth 6a first upsetting disk 6 opposite, so that the prints of teeth 6a and 7a cross on the tube (see Fig. 1 / 4b / 5b).
  • ⁇ arctan ( ⁇ . D / (Z. t) - tan ⁇ ). In the present case results ⁇ to 12.0 °.
  • heat exchanger tubes can with a highly porous surface structure become.
  • an evaporator tube was used such a surface based on integrally rolled Ribs with a thickness of the order of 0.1 mm.
  • the channels were successful between the ribs with thin lids emerging from the top Area of the rib were shaped to essentially occlude without the ribs buckling to the side or in itself slumped together.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'un tube à échange de chaleur (1) en particulier pour l'évaporation de liquides constitués par des substances pures ou des mélanges sur la face extérieure du tube, comportant des nervures (2) intégrales circulant en forme de lignes hélicoïdales sur la face extérieure du tube, c'est-à-dire conformées à partir de la paroi du tube, lesquelles sont déformées en formant des canaux (3) se trouvant entre les nervures (2), dans lequel on exécute les étapes suivantes :
    a) sur la face extérieure d'un tube lisse (1'), on forme des nervures (2) s'étendant en forme de lignes hélicoïdales en obtenant le matériau des nervures au moyen d'une opération de galetage, par refoulement de matériau à partir de la paroi de tube, et le tube nervuré (1) qui en résulte est mis en rotation par les forces de roulement et/ou avancé selon les nervures (2) en forme de lignes hélicoïdales se formant, les nervures (2) étant formées avec hauteur croissante à partir du tube lisse (1') par ailleurs non déformé,
    b) la paroi de tube est soutenue dans la région de déformation par un mandrin de galetage (10) situé dans le tube,
    c) après avoir été formées, les nervures (2) sont soumises à une opération de refoulement pour réaliser des canaux (3) en partie ouverts et situés entre elles, les nervures (2) étant refoulées dans une première étape de refoulement, de la valeur de la profondeur de refoulement radial X, en direction périphérique, par portions, au moyen d'un disque de refoulement en forme de roue dentée, dont le diamètre extérieur est inférieur au diamètre du dernier disque de galetage, de sorte que le matériau des nervures est déplacé des deux côtés en direction axiale en formant des saillies (12a),
       caractérisé en ce que les saillies (12a) forment, après la première
       étape de refoulement, la première partie du couvercle de canal (3a) et en ce qu'on exécute au moins une autre étape de refoulement au moyen d'un disque de refoulement (7) en forme de roue dentée, les portions qui ne sont pas encore refoulées, des nervures, étant partiellement ou entièrement refoulées, de sorte que le couvercle de canal (3a) est formé par étapes en faisant se rejoindre des saillies (12a, 12b).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la profondeur de refoulement radiale Y dans la deuxième étape de refoulement est au moins aussi grande que la profondeur de refoulement radiale X dans la première étape de refoulement.
  3. Procédé selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce qu'une autre et dernière étape de refoulement consiste respectivement à lisser de manière continue le tube (1) au moyen d'un disque à lisser (8) de diamètre constant.
  4. Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la profondeur de refoulement radiale X dans la première étape de refoulement s'élève à 10 à 50 % de la hauteur de nervure H.
  5. Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les nervures (2) sont ainsi refoulées dans la première étape de refoulement qu'il reste une fente (14) de largeur B' entre les saillies (12a) de nervures (2) voisines.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la largeur de fente B' s'élève jusqu'à 20 % de la largeur de canal ouvert B.
  7. Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les nervures (2) sont ainsi refoulées dans la première étape de refoulement que les saillies (12a) de nervures voisines (2) se touchent.
  8. Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise un disque de refoulement (6, 7) avec 10 à 30 dents (6a, 7a) par cm de périphérie de disque de refoulement.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise un disque de refoulement (6, 7) avec 14 à 25 dents (6a, 7a) par cm de périphérie de disque de refoulement.
  10. Procédé selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications 8 et 9, caractérisé en ce que les dents (6a, 7a) des disques de refoulement (6, 7) utilisés s'étendent parallèlement à l'axe du disque.
  11. Procédé selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications 8 et 9, caractérisé en ce que les dents (6a, 7a) des disques de refoulement (6, 7) utilisés s'étendent en oblique sous un angle α et sous un angle β par rapport à l'axe du disque, respectivement.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que lorsqu'on utilise des disques de refoulement (6, 7) avec le même diamètre D et avec le même nombre de dents (6a, 7a), les angles α et β sont adaptés l'un à l'autre selon la formule suivante : β = arctan (π · D/(Z · t) - tan α) t signifiant le pas des nervures (2).
EP98122877A 1997-12-23 1998-12-02 Procédé de fabrication d'un tube d'évaporation Expired - Lifetime EP0925856B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19757526 1997-12-23
DE19757526A DE19757526C1 (de) 1997-12-23 1997-12-23 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Wärmeaustauschrohres, insbesondere zur Verdampfung von Flüssigkeiten aus Reinstoffen oder Gemischen auf der Rohraußenseite

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0925856A2 EP0925856A2 (fr) 1999-06-30
EP0925856A3 EP0925856A3 (fr) 2000-04-05
EP0925856B1 true EP0925856B1 (fr) 2002-01-16

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EP98122877A Expired - Lifetime EP0925856B1 (fr) 1997-12-23 1998-12-02 Procédé de fabrication d'un tube d'évaporation

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US (1) US6067832A (fr)
EP (1) EP0925856B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19757526C1 (fr)

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DE19963353B4 (de) 1999-12-28 2004-05-27 Wieland-Werke Ag Beidseitig strukturiertes Wärmeaustauscherrohr und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE10101589C1 (de) 2001-01-16 2002-08-08 Wieland Werke Ag Wärmeaustauscherrohr und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
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US9844807B2 (en) * 2008-04-16 2017-12-19 Wieland-Werke Ag Tube with fins having wings
DE202008005887U1 (de) 2008-04-29 2008-09-04 Hellwig, Udo, Prof. Dr. Behälter zum Aufnehmen und Erwärmen von Fluiden
DE202008005886U1 (de) 2008-04-29 2008-09-04 Hellwig, Udo, Prof. Dr. Einrichtung zum Erwärmen eines Fluides
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DE102011121733A1 (de) 2011-12-21 2013-06-27 Wieland-Werke Ag Verdampferrohr mit optimierter Außenstruktur
DE102014002829A1 (de) 2014-02-27 2015-08-27 Wieland-Werke Ag Metallisches Wärmeaustauscherrohr
CN104117834A (zh) * 2014-07-11 2014-10-29 航天海鹰(哈尔滨)钛业有限公司 钛或钛合金翅片管的制造方法
DE102016006914B4 (de) 2016-06-01 2019-01-24 Wieland-Werke Ag Wärmeübertragerrohr
US9945618B1 (en) * 2017-01-04 2018-04-17 Wieland Copper Products, Llc Heat transfer surface
DE102018004701A1 (de) 2018-06-12 2019-12-12 Wieland-Werke Ag Metallisches Wärmeaustauscherrohr
CN111707122B (zh) * 2020-05-07 2022-03-25 华南理工大学 一种具有表面混合润湿性的外翅片管及其制备方法
DE202020005628U1 (de) 2020-10-31 2021-11-11 Wieland-Werke Aktiengesellschaft Metallisches Wärmeaustauscherrohr
CN116507864A (zh) 2020-10-31 2023-07-28 威兰德-沃克公开股份有限公司 金属热交换器管
DE202020005625U1 (de) 2020-10-31 2021-11-10 Wieland-Werke Aktiengesellschaft Metallisches Wärmeaustauscherrohr
CN116507872A (zh) 2020-10-31 2023-07-28 威兰德-沃克公开股份有限公司 金属热交换器管

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0925856A3 (fr) 2000-04-05
EP0925856A2 (fr) 1999-06-30
US6067832A (en) 2000-05-30
DE19757526C1 (de) 1999-04-29
DE59802629D1 (de) 2002-02-21

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DE202020005628U1 (de) Metallisches Wärmeaustauscherrohr

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