EP0907008B1 - Cylinder head with valve gear for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Cylinder head with valve gear for an internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0907008B1 EP0907008B1 EP98115431A EP98115431A EP0907008B1 EP 0907008 B1 EP0907008 B1 EP 0907008B1 EP 98115431 A EP98115431 A EP 98115431A EP 98115431 A EP98115431 A EP 98115431A EP 0907008 B1 EP0907008 B1 EP 0907008B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder head
- projection
- valve
- rocker arm
- drag lever
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
- F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
- F01L1/185—Overhead end-pivot rocking arms
Definitions
- the invention relates to a preamble of claim 1
- Cylinder head with valve control for an internal combustion engine with a rocker arm form-fitting at one end on a ball pin arranged in the cylinder head is movably mounted and at the other via a between straight stop bars with play engaging shaft end of a gas exchange valve on the Valve stem is positively secured, and the connection of both rocker arm ends has essentially parallel side cheeks in the central area, being spaced with play in the transverse direction of the rocker arm to its side cheeks Arranged projections are provided on parts of the cylinder head.
- Such a rocker arm for a in a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine arranged valve control is known for example from US-A 4 791 893.
- This known rocker arm is for the simultaneous actuation of two valves two arms, which makes the rocker arm especially at high Engine speeds and / or uneven valve closing movements are encouraged to jump or tilt, which is disadvantageous for the valve train can.
- To secure this position it is designed without a positioning spring device
- the projections arranged with play on both sides serve as rocker arms on the cylinder head.
- the invention is based, for a generic rocker arm the task for installation in the cylinder head without separate rocker arm devices to demonstrate the simple and safe assembly of the rocker arm enable.
- one projection on a camshaft bearing bracket and the other Projection is arranged on a collar of the cylinder head and for longitudinal positioning serving third projection on the inside on a cylinder head boundary is arranged.
- projections are advantageously in one piece with that formed in the casting Cylinder head connected, if necessary, can be used for transverse positioning diametrically opposite projections can be machined.
- a cylinder head 1, shown only in sections, for one not shown Internal combustion engine is equipped with a valve control 2, which preferably one designed as a roller lever rocker arm 3.
- the rocker arm 3 is one end, for example, on a ball pin 4 arranged in the cylinder head 1 of a hydraulic valve clearance compensation element 5 is positively movable stored.
- the rocker arm 3 is via a between straight stop bars 6 engaging shaft end 7 of a gas exchange valve 8 at its end Valve stem 9 guided positively secured.
- the connection between the two points further Ends of the rocker arm 3 in the central region substantially parallel side cheeks 10 on.
- the projections 11, 11 ' are relative small game to the side cheeks 10 of the rocker arm 3 and arranged with relatively wide stop surfaces 18 formed.
- the invention enables simple assembly of the rocker arm 3 without auxiliary tools, whereby a functionally correct assembly of the rocker arm is achieved and further spring or guide elements are omitted.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 auf einen
Zylinderkopf mit Ventilsteuerung für eine Brennkraftmaschine, wobei ein Schlepphebel
einenends auf einem im Zylinderkopf angeordneten Kugelzapfen formschlüssig
beweglich gelagert ist und andernends über ein zwischen geraden Anschlagleisten
mit Spiel eingreifendes Schaftende eines Gaswechselventils an dessen
Ventilschaft formschlüssig gesichert geführt ist, und die Verbindung beider Schlepphebelenden
im mittigen Bereich im wesentlichen parallele Seitenwangen aufweist,
wobei in Querrichtung des Schlepphebels zu dessen Seitenwangen mit Spiel beabstandet
angeordnete Vorsprünge an Teilen des Zylinderkopfes vorgesehen sind.The invention relates to a preamble of
Ein derartiger Schlepphebel für eine in einem Zylinderkopf einer Brennkraftmaschine angeordnete Ventilsteuerung ist beispielsweise aus der US-A 4 791 893 bekannt. Dieser bekannte Schlepphebel ist zur gleichzeitigen Betätigung zweier Ventile zweiarmig ausgebildet, wodurch der Schlepphebel insbesondere bei hohen Drehzahlen der Brennkraftmaschine und/oder ungleichen Ventilschließbewegungen zu einem für den Ventiltrieb nachteiligen Springen oder Kippen angeregt werden kann. Zur Lagesicherung dieses ohne eine positionierende Federvorrichtung ausgebildeten Schlepphebels dienen die beiderseits mit Spiel angeordneten Vorsprünge am Zylinderkopf. Such a rocker arm for a in a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine arranged valve control is known for example from US-A 4 791 893. This known rocker arm is for the simultaneous actuation of two valves two arms, which makes the rocker arm especially at high Engine speeds and / or uneven valve closing movements are encouraged to jump or tilt, which is disadvantageous for the valve train can. To secure this position, it is designed without a positioning spring device The projections arranged with play on both sides serve as rocker arms on the cylinder head.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, für einen gattungsgemäßen Schlepphebel zur Montage im Zylinderkopf ohne gesonderte Schlepphebel-Führung Einrichtungen aufzuzeigen, die eine einfache und sichere Montage des Schlepphebels ermöglichen.The invention is based, for a generic rocker arm the task for installation in the cylinder head without separate rocker arm devices to demonstrate the simple and safe assembly of the rocker arm enable.
Diese Aufgabe ist mit dem Patentanspruch 1 dadurch gelöst, daß für eine werkzeugfreie
Positionierung des Schlepphebels auf Kugelzapfen und Ventilschaft in
Längsrichtung des Schlepphebels eine dessen ventilschaftseitige Anschlagleisten
verbindende Montage-Stopprippe dient zusammen mit einem dem Kugelzapfen benachbarten
weiteren Vorsprung im/am Zylinderkopf.This object is achieved with
Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung des Zylinderkopfes ist eine sichere und werkzeugfreie Anordnung des Schlepphebels auf Kugelzapfen und Ventilschaft sichergestellt, wobei die hierfür vorgeschlagenen Einrichtungen im Betrieb des Schlepphebels vorteilhafterweise frei von einer reibbelastenden Verbindung sind.With the inventive design of the cylinder head is a safe and Tool-free arrangement of the rocker arm on ball stud and valve stem ensured the proposed facilities in the operation of the Rocker arms are advantageously free of a frictional connection.
In Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird vorgeschlagen, daß von den zur Querpositionierung den Seitenwangen des Schlepphebels zugeordneten, diametral plazierten Vorsprüngen ein Vorsprung an einem Nockenwellen-Lagerstuhl und der andere Vorsprung an einem Kragen des Zylinderkopfes angeordnet ist und der zur Längspositionierung dienende dritte Vorsprung innenseitig an einer Zylinderkopf-Begrenzung angeordnet ist.In an embodiment of the invention it is proposed that of the transverse positioning the diametrically placed side cheeks of the rocker arm Projections one projection on a camshaft bearing bracket and the other Projection is arranged on a collar of the cylinder head and for longitudinal positioning serving third projection on the inside on a cylinder head boundary is arranged.
Diese Vorsprünge sind vorteilhafterweise einstückig mit dem im Guss ausgebildeten Zylinderkopf verbunden, gegebenenfalls können die für die Querpositionierung diametral gegenüberliegenden Vorsprünge bearbeitet sein.These projections are advantageously in one piece with that formed in the casting Cylinder head connected, if necessary, can be used for transverse positioning diametrically opposite projections can be machined.
Die Erfindung ist anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels beschrieben. Es zeigt
Figur 1- einen abschnittsweisen Querschnitt eines Zylinderkopfes mit einer einen Schlepphebel umfassenden Ventilsteuerung,
Figur 2- den Schlepphebel in Draufsicht des Zylinderkopfes mit den erfindungsgemäß zylinderkopfseitig angeordneten Vorsprüngen zur Montageerleichterung.
- Figure 1
- 1 shows a sectional cross section of a cylinder head with a valve control comprising a rocker arm,
- Figure 2
- the rocker arm in plan view of the cylinder head with the projections arranged on the cylinder head side according to the invention to facilitate assembly.
Ein lediglich abschnittsweise dargestellter Zylinderkopf 1 für eine nicht gezeigte
Brennkraftmaschine ist mit einer Ventilsteuerung 2 ausgerüstet, die einen vorzugsweise
als Rollenhebel gestalteten Schlepphebel 3 umfaßt. Der Schlepphebel 3 ist
einenends auf einem im Zylinderkopf 1 angeordneten Kugelzapfen 4 beispielsweise
eines hydraulischen Ventilspielausgleichselementes 5 formschlüssig beweglich
gelagert. Andernends ist der Schlepphebel 3 über ein zwischen geraden Anschlagleisten
6 mit Spiel eingreifendes Schaftende 7 eines Gaswechselventils 8 an dessen
Ventilschaft 9 formschlüssig gesichert geführt. Weiter weist die Verbindung beider
Enden des Schlepphebels 3 im mittigen Bereich im wesentlichen parallele Seitenwangen
10 auf.A
Zur Erzielung einer werkzeugfreien Positionierung des Schlepphebels 3 auf dem
Kugelzapfen 4 und dem Ventilschaft 9 dienen in Querrichtung des Schlepphebels 3
zu dessen Seitenwangen 10 mit Spiel beabstandet angeordnete Vorsprünge 11, 11'
an Teilen des Zylinderkopfes 1, wobei zur Positionierung in Längsrichtung des bei
der Montage bereits zwischen die Vorsprünge 11, 11' eingebrachten Schlepphebels
3 eine dessen ventilschaftseitige Anschlagleisten 6 verbindende Montage-Stopprippe
12 dient, die mit einem dem Kugelzapfen 4 benachbarten weiteren Vorsprung
13 im/am Zylinderkopf 1 zusammenwirkt.To achieve a tool-free positioning of the
Wie aus Figur 2 hervorgeht, ist von den zur Querpositionierung beim Einfädeln des
Schlepphebels 3 zum Schaftende 7 über die Anschlagleisten 6 zwischen den Vorsprüngen
11 und 11' den Seitenwangen 10 zugeordneten, diametral plazierten Vorsprüngen
11, 11' ein Vorsprung 11 an einem Nockenwellen-Lagerstuhl 14 und der
andere Vorsprung 11' an einem Kragen 15 des Zylinderkopfes 1 angeordnet, und
der zur Längspositionierung dienende dritte Vorsprung 13 ist innenseitig an einer
Zylinderkopf-Begrenzung 16 angeordnet.As can be seen from FIG. 2, of those for transverse positioning when threading the
Um bei der Montage des Schlepphebels 3 zur Einfädelung des Ventilschaftes zwischen
den Anschlagleisten 6 nur eine geringe Schiefstellung des Schlepphebels 3
durch den Handhabenden zu ermöglichen, sind die Vorsprünge 11, 11' mit relativ
kleinem Spiel zu den Seitenwangen 10 des Schlepphebels 3 angeordnet und mit
relativ breiten Anschlagflächen 18 ausgebildet.To between the assembly of the
Die Erfindung ermöglicht eine einfache Montage des Schlepphebels 3 ohne Hilfswerkzeuge,
wobei eine funktionsrichtige Montage des Schlepphebels erzielt ist und
ferner zusätzliche Feder- bzw. Führungselemente entfallen.The invention enables simple assembly of the
Claims (2)
- A cylinder head with a valve control means for an internal combustion engine,wherein a drag lever (3) is mounted at one end so as to be positively movable on a ball pin (4) disposed in the cylinder head, andis guided at the other end and positively secured by the end (7) of the shank (9) of a gas change valve (8) engaging with clearance between straight abutment strips (6), andthe connection between the two ends of the drag lever comprises substantially parallel side cheeks (10) in the middle region, whereinin the transverse direction of the drag lever (3), projections (11, 11') spaced apart with clearance relative to the side cheeks (10) are provided on parts of the cylinder head (1),the drag lever (3) is positioned on the ball pin (4) and valve shank (9) without using a tool by means of an installation stop rib (12) connecting the abutment strips (6) at the valve-shank end in the longitudinal direction of the drag lever (3), together with an additional projection (13) adjoining the ball pin (4) in/on the cylinder head (1).
- A cylinder head according to claim 1, characterised in thatout of the diametrically positioned projections (11, 11') associated with the side cheeks (10) for transverse positioning, one projection (11) is disposed on a camshaft bearing block (14) and the other projection (11') is disposed on a collar (15) of the cylinder head (1), andfor longitudinal positioning, the third projection (13) is disposed on the inside of a cylinder-head boundary (16).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19743488 | 1997-10-01 | ||
DE19743488A DE19743488A1 (en) | 1997-10-01 | 1997-10-01 | Cylinder head with valve control for an internal combustion engine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0907008A1 EP0907008A1 (en) | 1999-04-07 |
EP0907008B1 true EP0907008B1 (en) | 2001-03-14 |
Family
ID=7844348
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98115431A Expired - Lifetime EP0907008B1 (en) | 1997-10-01 | 1998-08-17 | Cylinder head with valve gear for an internal combustion engine |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0907008B1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE19743488A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2156016T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE69921860T2 (en) * | 1999-04-26 | 2005-10-20 | Delphi Technologies, Inc., Troy | ROLE SCHLEPPHEBEL |
DE19953419A1 (en) * | 1999-11-06 | 2001-05-10 | Deutz Ag | Internal combustion engine with gas reverser valve operates valve by roller lever as force transfer link between valve shaft and camshaft using gray iron for cylinder head and crankcase. |
EP1312772B1 (en) * | 2001-11-19 | 2004-08-11 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Internal combustion engine with valve train |
DE102006052821A1 (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2008-05-15 | Schaeffler Kg | Drag lever for actuating a gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine |
DE102007006695A1 (en) * | 2007-02-10 | 2008-08-21 | Schaeffler Kg | Drag lever with a molded from sheet metal lever body |
US7845316B2 (en) * | 2007-07-06 | 2010-12-07 | Brp-Powertrain Gmbh & Co Kg | Internal combustion engine cooling system |
KR101033320B1 (en) | 2008-12-05 | 2011-05-09 | 기아자동차주식회사 | end pivot type valve train |
DE102010005825A1 (en) * | 2010-01-27 | 2011-07-28 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC, ( n. d. Ges. d. Staates Delaware ), Mich. | Securing device for mounting a drag lever |
DE102013102149B4 (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2024-06-20 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Rocker arm arrangement |
DE102013102150A1 (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2014-09-25 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Rocker arm arrangement |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3502058A (en) * | 1966-02-24 | 1970-03-24 | Earl A Thompson | Rocker arm |
GB1201214A (en) * | 1968-02-01 | 1970-08-05 | Ford Motor Co | Overhead camshaft internal combustion engine |
JPH059444Y2 (en) * | 1986-07-11 | 1993-03-09 | ||
EP0287554A3 (en) * | 1987-04-13 | 1989-03-15 | AVL Gesellschaft für Verbrennungskraftmaschinen und Messtechnik mbH.Prof.Dr.Dr.h.c. Hans List | Valve drive for an internal-combustion engine |
US4979475A (en) * | 1990-05-25 | 1990-12-25 | Henley Manufacturing Holding Company, Inc. | Rocker arm with rounded channel to engage a valve stem with semi-spherical end |
EP0761933A1 (en) * | 1995-09-08 | 1997-03-12 | Sandco Automotive Limited | Finger follower |
DE19543657C2 (en) | 1995-11-23 | 1998-07-02 | Schaeffler Waelzlager Ohg | Chipless rocker arm or rocker arm |
-
1997
- 1997-10-01 DE DE19743488A patent/DE19743488A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-08-17 ES ES98115431T patent/ES2156016T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-08-17 DE DE59800529T patent/DE59800529D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-08-17 EP EP98115431A patent/EP0907008B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59800529D1 (en) | 2001-04-19 |
EP0907008A1 (en) | 1999-04-07 |
ES2156016T3 (en) | 2001-06-01 |
DE19743488A1 (en) | 1999-04-08 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE4133033C2 (en) | Rocker arm | |
EP0560812B1 (en) | Device for the simultaneous operation of two cylinder head valves in an internal combustion engine | |
DE102010013216B4 (en) | Valve train of an internal combustion engine | |
DE4301453C2 (en) | Variable valve control of internal combustion engines | |
EP0907008B1 (en) | Cylinder head with valve gear for an internal combustion engine | |
DE9406190U1 (en) | Device for the simultaneous actuation of at least two gas exchange valves | |
DE4410122C2 (en) | Connection of a guide rail of a valve actuation device to a camshaft bearing | |
DE4494320C1 (en) | Gas-inlet or -outlet valve lever | |
WO2009030434A1 (en) | Internal combustion engine valve train switching device | |
DE9411680U1 (en) | Device for the simultaneous actuation of at least two gas exchange valves | |
DE19701203A1 (en) | Variable valve control for internal combustion engine | |
DE9405694U1 (en) | Rocker arm for a valve train of an internal combustion engine | |
DE10047255C2 (en) | Automatic decompression device for valve-controlled internal combustion engines | |
DE4337330C2 (en) | Roller tappet with two rollers per valve for valve drives of internal combustion engines with an overhead camshaft | |
DE4219435C2 (en) | Device for switching off an internal combustion engine valve actuated by a tappet | |
DE19720900B4 (en) | Internal combustion engine with a valve drive for globe valves | |
WO2003042510A1 (en) | Drag lever of a valve mechanism in an internal combustion engine | |
DE9406211U1 (en) | Rocker arm for actuating a gas exchange valve | |
DE102018112815A1 (en) | Variable valve train of a reciprocating internal combustion engine | |
DE102018128701A1 (en) | Switchable rocker arm for a valve train of an internal combustion engine | |
EP1752620B1 (en) | Desmodromic valve drive | |
DE19927929A1 (en) | Safety device between timing gear lever and valve in IC engines has valve levers with undercut guide grooves engaging with valve shaft end | |
DE102005041900A1 (en) | valve train | |
EP0679798B1 (en) | Arrangement for simultaneously driving two valves in an internal combustion engine | |
DE1252461B (en) | Valve control for internal combustion engines |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): DE ES FR GB IT |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Free format text: AL;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19990824 |
|
AKX | Designation fees paid |
Free format text: DE ES FR GB IT |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20000630 |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): DE ES FR GB IT |
|
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 20010314 |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 59800529 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20010419 |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2156016 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 |
|
ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed |
Owner name: STUDIO JAUMANN P. & C. S.N.C. |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: IF02 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20150720 Year of fee payment: 18 Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20150827 Year of fee payment: 18 Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20150801 Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20150827 Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20150825 Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 59800529 Country of ref document: DE |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20160817 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20170428 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20170301 Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20160831 Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20160817 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20160817 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FD2A Effective date: 20180507 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20160818 |