EP0894328A1 - Fuse box for motor vehicles - Google Patents

Fuse box for motor vehicles

Info

Publication number
EP0894328A1
EP0894328A1 EP97917255A EP97917255A EP0894328A1 EP 0894328 A1 EP0894328 A1 EP 0894328A1 EP 97917255 A EP97917255 A EP 97917255A EP 97917255 A EP97917255 A EP 97917255A EP 0894328 A1 EP0894328 A1 EP 0894328A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuse
fuse box
strip
box according
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97917255A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0894328B1 (en
Inventor
Jürgen Girke
Karl-Heinz Wohlfahrt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BCS Automotive Interface Solutions GmbH
Original Assignee
BCS Automotive Interface Solutions GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BCS Automotive Interface Solutions GmbH filed Critical BCS Automotive Interface Solutions GmbH
Publication of EP0894328A1 publication Critical patent/EP0894328A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0894328B1 publication Critical patent/EP0894328B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02Details
    • H01H85/04Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/041Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges characterised by the type
    • H01H85/044General constructions or structure of low voltage fuses, i.e. below 1000 V, or of fuses where the applicable voltage is not specified
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02Details
    • H01H85/20Bases for supporting the fuse; Separate parts thereof
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02Details
    • H01H85/24Means for preventing insertion of incorrect fuse
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02Details
    • H01H85/0241Structural association of a fuse and another component or apparatus
    • H01H2085/025Structural association with a binding post of a storage battery
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02Details
    • H01H85/20Bases for supporting the fuse; Separate parts thereof
    • H01H2085/2075Junction box, having holders integrated with several other holders in a particular wiring layout
    • H01H2085/208Junction box, having holders integrated with several other holders in a particular wiring layout specially adapted for vehicles
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02Details
    • H01H85/20Bases for supporting the fuse; Separate parts thereof
    • H01H85/2045Mounting means or insulating parts of the base, e.g. covers, casings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02Details
    • H01H85/20Bases for supporting the fuse; Separate parts thereof
    • H01H85/205Electric connections to contacts on the base

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuse box for motor vehicles with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • Known fuse boxes for motor vehicles are generally accommodated in the front area of the vehicle, for example in the engine compartment or in the footwell of the vehicle interior, and are used to hold electrical fuses for the individual consumers or for the cable harnesses to be branched off from the fuse box.
  • the fuse box or the one ends of the fuses contained therein are connected to one pole of the vehicle battery, usually the positive pole, via one or more cables.
  • the other end of the fuses is connected to an outgoing cable or cable harness.
  • a fuse for the electrical protection of a consumer only the consumer in question is connected to the outgoing end of the fuse. If the fuse in question is used for the electrical protection of an entire cable harness, several consumers are usually connected to this cable harness, and each individual consumer can be secured again with a separate fuse after branching off the cable harness.
  • strip fuses which do not have their own housing and are used to protect the required high currents, in particular for securing cable runs.
  • pluggable flat fuses which are mostly used for the electrical protection of individual consumers, a replacement of such strip fuses is generally only provided by specialist personnel, since if a strip fuse is destroyed, one for a whole cable harness serious fault in the vehicle electrics is suspected, the excessive Amperages and thus melting the melting range of the fuse in question.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a fuse box for motor vehicles which reliably prevents short-circuits and the dangers caused thereby even in the event of a crash of the vehicle and which, moreover, is simple and inexpensive to manufacture and to mount in the vehicle.
  • the fuse box to be connected to the battery pole ensures that even in the event of a vehicle crash, no unintentional destruction secured cable harnesses and sparking caused thereby can occur.
  • the fuses in particular the fuses for the electrical protection of cable harnesses, are preferably designed as strip fuses, which can be produced very inexpensively.
  • one end of a plurality of strip fuses is connected to a common busbar which can be connected directly to the pole of the vehicle battery.
  • each strip fuse has two bores which are used to fasten the fuse by means of a threaded bolt and a nut.
  • the end of the strip fuse which contacts the common busbar is attached to a threaded bolt which projects through a hole in the common busbar and is securely fixed by means of a nut.
  • a spring washer is preferably inserted between the securing device and the nut, which serves to maintain a predetermined tightening torque for the nut. This is particularly necessary if the strip fuse is made of zinc, since it has been shown that the setting behavior of the material reduces the tightening torque over time, in particular when temperature cycles act on the connection between the conductor rail and the strip fuse becomes.
  • lateral abutment surfaces are provided in the housing for securing the strip security device against rotation. This has the advantage that when the nut is tightened, twisting or twisting of the strip safety device is avoided.
  • the housing is designed such that the melting area of the strip fuses is shielded by a shielding area provided in the housing. This has the advantage that when the fuse melts, no molten material reaches undesired locations within the housing.
  • the shielding area can simultaneously take over the function of a mechanical coding for the strip security to be used. In this way, in particular the use of fuses with higher nominal currents is avoided at those fuse locations which are provided for fuses with lower nominal currents. This is because fuses with larger nominal currents have a wider melting range with the same thickness than fuses with lower nominal currents.
  • that area of the housing which serves to receive a cable lug to be connected to the relevant strip fuse can be designed in such a way that mechanical coding is brought about thereby.
  • this requires that the geometric Form of the individual cable lugs at the ends of the cables to the consumers to be protected or at the ends of the cable harnesses to be protected each differentiates. In this way, the inadvertent incorrect insertion of a cable lug at a safety location not provided for this purpose is avoided.
  • the housing can have lateral openings for the lead-out of the cables in question, which essentially correspond to the diameter of the cable in question. Since cables for carrying higher currents are made thicker than cables for carrying lower currents, this also avoids the use of cables for higher currents at fuse locations for lower currents. Conversely, the use of thinner cables for lower currents in fuse locations for higher currents is immediately apparent, since in this case the cable does not seal tightly with the housing or is not held securely.
  • the abutment surfaces of the housing for securing the strip security against rotation, the shielding areas provided in the housing for the melting zones of the fuses, the fuse coding areas or the cable lug coding areas are on one in the Intermediate base insertable housing.
  • the threaded bolts can in this case simply be held captive in the housing in that the threaded areas of the threaded bolts protrude through bores in the intermediate floor and the head parts of the threaded bolts are held between the housing base and the underside of the intermediate floor.
  • the threaded bolt for holding the end of the strip fuse which is not connected to the battery pole protrudes through a spring sleeve which is captively held in the housing, preferably pressed in.
  • the spring sleeve can be pressed into a bore provided in the base.
  • the spring sleeve has a sleeve region that runs axially to the threaded part of the threaded bolt for the press-in and a radially extending collar for resilient support of the strip fuse. Due to its resilient nature, the essentially radially extending collar maintains the original tightening torque for the nut for fastening the relevant cable lug on the threaded bolt or the relevant securing end.
  • the provision of captive threaded bolts and spring sleeves results in the advantage that the fuse box can be supplied by the fuse box manufacturer with strip fuses already inserted, with no courage on the threaded bolts for fastening the fuse ends that are not connected to the battery pole to be secured ⁇ ter for holding the bolt, the fuse or the spring sleeve must be screwed on.
  • the fuse box When installing the fuse box in the vehicle, the fuse box only has to be attached to the battery and the cable lugs have to be connected to the relevant ends of the strip fuses.
  • the housing comprises a cover which can be connected to the rest of the housing in a water-tight and moisture-tight manner.
  • the cover can be connected to the rest of the housing part by means of a snap mechanism or by means of screws.
  • Figure 1 is a partially broken side view of the fuse box according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a partially sectioned top view of the fuse box according to FIG. 1;
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 shows a plan view of a strip fuse for use with the fuse box according to FIGS. 1 and 2;
  • Fig. 4 is a section along the line I-I in Fig. 2 and
  • Fig. 5 is an enlarged, partially broken away view of a portion of the fuse box of FIG. 2 in the mounted state on the vehicle battery.
  • the fuse box 1 according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 comprises a housing 3, which essentially consists of a base part 5 and a cover part 7, which at least the
  • Receiving area 9 covers for the fuses.
  • the cover part 7 is pivotally connected to the base part 5 via joints 11 and via locking locking devices 13 that can be unlocked open and close.
  • a conductor rail 15 which is preferably L-shaped for stability reasons, projects, one end of which is connected directly to the relevant pole 17 of a battery of a motor vehicle (FIG. 5).
  • the area of the fuse box 1 shown on the right in the drawings 1 and 2 and enlarged in FIG. 5 simultaneously serves to cover the relevant pole, preferably the positive pole, the battery yelled.
  • This area can of course also be formed by means of a cover, so that the relevant pole of the battery is accessible without opening the cover part or completely removing the fuse box 1, for example for connecting a starter cable.
  • a threaded bolt 21 is provided for holding each of the strip fuses 15, which, as in the case of the illustrated embodiment, can be designed as a cap screw.
  • the threaded bolt 21 projects with its threaded part through a bore 23 in the busbar 15.
  • the busbar 15 is by means of a part 25 which is connected to the bottom part 5 of the housing 3 and has a shoulder 27 which overlaps the busbar 15 , and fixed in the housing by means of an intermediate base which can be inserted into the base part 5, the intermediate base 29 likewise overlapping the busbar 15 by means of a region 29a.
  • the threaded bolt 21 is designed as a cap screw, the head of which is received in a receiving region 31 between the base part 5 and the fixed busbar 15 in this way an captive fixation of the threaded bolt 21.
  • the relevant strip safety device 19, which is shown as an individual part in an enlarged plan view in FIG. 3, has a bore 33 for being attached to the threaded bolt 21.
  • the strip fuse 19 is connected to the busbar 15 by means of a nut 35 after being attached to the threaded bolt 21, a spring washer 37 being arranged between the underside of the nut 35 and the top of the strip fuse 19. Due to its resilient nature, the spring washer 37 ensures permanent maintenance of a predetermined tightening torque or a predetermined contact pressure of the strip fuse 19 on the busbar 15.
  • the other end of the strip retainers 19 is also held in the housing 3 by means of a further threaded bolt 39, the threaded bolt 39 again being designed as a cap screw, the head of which is received in a receiving region 41 in the base part 5 of the housing 3.
  • the threaded part of the threaded bolt 39 protrudes through a bore 43 in the intermediate floor 29, as a result of which the bolt 39 is in turn captively fixed in the housing 3.
  • the intermediate base 29 can be snap-connected to the base part 5.
  • the intermediate base 29 can, however, also be firmly connected to the base part 5, for example glued. This makes it easier to ensure the tightness of the housing when the cover is closed.
  • a spring sleeve 45 is pressed into the bore 43 in the intermediate base 29 with its sleeve part which extends essentially axially to the threaded part of the threaded bolt 39. By entering press, the spring sleeve 45 is also held captively in the housing or in the intermediate base 29.
  • An upper, essentially radially extending collar of the spring sleeve 45 serves as a support for the relevant end of the strip fuse 19, the bore 33 provided in this end again being used for attaching the strip fuse 19 to the threaded bolt 39.
  • a cable lug in which a corresponding bore or recess is likewise provided, can be plugged onto the threaded bolt 39 in a manner not shown.
  • the cable lug can be mechanically fixed by means of a nut 47 shown in dashed lines in the figures and electrically connected to the strip fuse 19.
  • the collar of the spring sleeve 45 serves to maintain a predetermined tightening torque or to maintain a predetermined contact pressure of the cable lug against the strip fuse 19.
  • lateral walls 61 are again provided on the lateral areas of the strip fuse 19, which serve as stop surfaces for the sides of the strip fuse 19. This avoids twisting and twisting of the strip retainers when the nuts 35 and 47 are tightened.
  • the walls also serve at the same time to shield the melting areas 19a of the strip fuses 19. This prevents undesirable influences when a strip fuse 19 melts on the other fuses and connecting elements.
  • cable lug coding regions 49 are provided next to the bolts 39 for fastening one cable lug each, and are used to receive the relevant cable lug.
  • each coding area 49 is designed differently, so that only the cable lug with the essentially complementary outer contour can be inserted into the coding area 49 in question. In this way, an incorrect assignment of a cable lug to the associated strip fuse 19 is avoided.
  • walls 51 can be provided on the intermediate floor 29, which laterally delimit the coding regions 49 and determine the respective contour.
  • each opening 53 corresponds to the diameter of the respective cable. This can also be used to effect additional coding.
  • the openings 53 can be formed on the one hand by essentially vertically running, upwardly open slots in a side wall of the intermediate floor 29 and on the other hand by downwardly open slots in the lid part 7.
  • the fuse box 1 can be adapted to the number of strip fuses required and to the thickness of the cables or cable harnesses to be protected by means of various intermediate floors 29 and cover parts 7.
  • only the injection mold for the intermediate floor and possibly the injection mold for the cover part have to be changed accordingly.
  • the strip fuses 19 explained so far generally serve to protect cable harnesses and are generally only replaced by trained specialist personnel, since when a strip fuse with nominal currents of 100 A and more responds, there is generally a serious defect in the electrical system of the motor vehicle.
  • the fuse box 1 also serves to accommodate conventional fuses for the electrical protection of consumers, for example anti-lock braking systems, airbags, headlights, etc.
  • These fuses are provided with the reference number 55 in FIG. 2 and can usually be used ⁇ cher be designed as pluggable flat fuses.
  • These fuses are contacted in the usual way by means of connecting contacts 57 (FIG. 4), a receiving area 59 being provided on the housing 3 or on the base part 5 for receiving one or more plugs for contacting the flat fuses.
  • the cover part 7 is designed in connection with the bottom part 5 of the housing 3 in such a way that when the cover part 7 is closed, there is a water and moisture-tight seal.

Landscapes

  • Fuses (AREA)

Abstract

A fuse box for motor vehicles has a housing (3) for receiving at least one electrical fuse (19, 35) which protects a consumer or wire section. The fuse box (1) may be secured on the battery of a motor vehicle.

Description

Sicherungsbox für Kraftfahrzeuge Fuse box for motor vehicles
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Sicherungsbox für Kraftfahrzeuge mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a fuse box for motor vehicles with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
Bekannte Sicherungsboxen für Kraftfahrzeuge sind in aller Regel im vorderen Fahrzeugbereich, beispielsweise im Motorraum oder im Fußraum des Fahrzeuginnenraums, untergebracht und dienen zur Aufnahme von elektrischen Sicherungen für die ein- zelnen Verbraucher bzw. für die von der Sicherungsbox abzwei¬ genden Kabelstränge. Die Sicherungsbox bzw. die einen Enden der darin aufgenommenen Sicherungen ist dabei über ein oder mehrere Kabel mit einem Pol der Fahrzeugbatterie, meist dem Pluspol, verbunden. Das jeweils andere Ende der Sicherungen ist mit einem abgehenden Kabel oder Kabelstrang verbunden. Im Fall einer Sicherung zur elektrischen Absicherung eines Ver¬ brauchers ist lediglich der betreffende Verbraucher mit dem abgehenden Ende der Sicherung verbunden. Dient die betreffende Sicherung zur elektrischen Absicherung eines gesamten Kabel- Strangs, so sind an diesem Kabelstrang meist mehrere Verbrau¬ cher angeschlossen, wobei jeder einzelne Verbraucher nach dem Abzweig von dem Kabelstrang nochmals mit einer separaten Si¬ cherung abgesichert sein kann.Known fuse boxes for motor vehicles are generally accommodated in the front area of the vehicle, for example in the engine compartment or in the footwell of the vehicle interior, and are used to hold electrical fuses for the individual consumers or for the cable harnesses to be branched off from the fuse box. The fuse box or the one ends of the fuses contained therein are connected to one pole of the vehicle battery, usually the positive pole, via one or more cables. The other end of the fuses is connected to an outgoing cable or cable harness. In the case of a fuse for the electrical protection of a consumer, only the consumer in question is connected to the outgoing end of the fuse. If the fuse in question is used for the electrical protection of an entire cable harness, several consumers are usually connected to this cable harness, and each individual consumer can be secured again with a separate fuse after branching off the cable harness.
Es ist bekannt, insbesondere zur Absicherung von Kabelsträn¬ gen, sogenannte Streifensicherungen zu verwenden, die kein eigenes Gehäuse besitzen und zur Absicherung der erforderli¬ chen hohen Stromstärken dienen. Im Gegensatz zu den üblichen steckbaren Flachsicherungen, die meist zur elektrischen Ab- Sicherung von einzelnen Verbrauchern dienen, ist ein Auswech¬ seln solcher Streifensicherungen in der Regel nur durch Fach¬ personal vorgesehen, da bei einer Zerstörung einer Streifensi¬ cherung für einen ganzen Kabelstrang ein gravierender Fehler in der Fahrzeugelektrik zu vermuten ist, der zu überhöhten Stromstärken und damit einem Schmelzen des Schmelzbereichs der betreffenden Sicherung geführt hat.It is known to use so-called strip fuses, which do not have their own housing and are used to protect the required high currents, in particular for securing cable runs. In contrast to the usual pluggable flat fuses, which are mostly used for the electrical protection of individual consumers, a replacement of such strip fuses is generally only provided by specialist personnel, since if a strip fuse is destroyed, one for a whole cable harness serious fault in the vehicle electrics is suspected, the excessive Amperages and thus melting the melting range of the fuse in question.
Dagegen ist das Auswechseln von Sicherungen für einzelne Ver¬ braucher in aller Regel auch für ungeschulte Personen, bei¬ spielsweise Fahrzeugführer, ermöglicht, da in diesem Fall unzulässig hohe Stromstärken auch durch kleinere elektrische Fehler, beispielsweise den Kurzschluß des Glühfadens einer Glühbirne bei deren Ausfall, verursacht werden können.In contrast, the replacement of fuses for individual consumers is generally also possible for untrained persons, for example vehicle drivers, since in this case impermissibly high currents can also be caused by minor electrical faults, for example the short-circuiting of the filament of a light bulb if it fails. can be caused.
Bekannte Sicherungsboxen weisen den Nachteil auf, daß bei einem Crash des Fahrzeugs und einer hierdurch verursachten mechanischen Zerstörung von Kabelsträngen zwischen der Siche¬ rungsbox und der Fahrzeugbatterie Kurzschlüsse zwischen den Enden des zerstörten Kabelstrangs, der nach wie vor elektrisch mit einem Pol der Batterie verbunden ist, und der Fahrzeug¬ karosserie, die das Potential des jeweils anderen Batteriepols aufweist, entstehen können. In solchen Fällen kann es zur Funkenbildung und hierdurch verursachte Brände und Explosionen des Fahrzeugs kommen.Known fuse boxes have the disadvantage that in the event of a crash of the vehicle and a mechanical destruction of cable strands caused thereby, short circuits between the ends of the destroyed cable strand, which is still electrically connected to a pole of the battery, and the vehicle body, which has the potential of the other battery pole, can arise. In such cases, sparking and the resulting fire and explosion of the vehicle can occur.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Sicherungsbox für Kraftfahrzeuge zu schaffen, die auch im Falle eines Crashs des Fahrzeugs Kurzschlüsse und hierdurch verursachte Gefahren sicher vermeidet und welche darüber hin¬ aus einfach und kostengünstig herstellbar und im Fahrzeug montierbar ist.The present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a fuse box for motor vehicles which reliably prevents short-circuits and the dangers caused thereby even in the event of a crash of the vehicle and which, moreover, is simple and inexpensive to manufacture and to mount in the vehicle.
Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe mit den Merkmalen des Patent- anspruchs 1.The invention solves this problem with the features of patent claim 1.
Durch das Vorsehen der Sicherungsbox direkt auf der Batterie eines Kraftfahrzeugs, d.h. in unmittelbarer Nähe des mit derBy providing the fuse box directly on the battery of a motor vehicle, i.e. in the immediate vicinity of the with the
Sicherungsbox zu verbindenden Batteriepols ist gewährleistet, daß auch im Fall eines Fahrzeugcrashs kein Zerstören von unge- sicherten Kabelsträngen und hierdurch verursachte Funkenbil¬ dung auftreten kann.The fuse box to be connected to the battery pole ensures that even in the event of a vehicle crash, no unintentional destruction secured cable harnesses and sparking caused thereby can occur.
Die Sicherungen, insbesondere die Sicherungen für die elek- trische Absicherung von Kabelsträngen, sind vorzugsweise als Streifensicherungen ausgebildet, die sehr kostengünstig her¬ stellbar sind.The fuses, in particular the fuses for the electrical protection of cable harnesses, are preferably designed as strip fuses, which can be produced very inexpensively.
Bei der bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Sicherungsbox nach der Erfindung ist jeweils ein Ende mehrerer Streifensicherungen mit einer direkt mit dem Pol der Fahrzeugbatterie verbindbaren gemeinsamen Stromschiene verbunden.In the preferred embodiment of the fuse box according to the invention, one end of a plurality of strip fuses is connected to a common busbar which can be connected directly to the pole of the vehicle battery.
Gegenüber bekannten Kontaktierungsmöglichkeiten für ein Ende der Streifensicherungen unter Verwendung von Hülsen, die zwi¬ schen den Sicherungen und den Anschlußelementen für den An¬ schluß an den Batteriepol angeordnet sind, sowie von Schrauben und Muttern ergibt sich hierdurch der Vorteil eines minimalen Übergangswiderstandes. Des weiteren ergibt sich hierdurch der Vorteil eines mechanisch sehr einfachen Aufbaus und damit einer kostengünstig fertigbaren Sicherungsbox.Compared to known contacting options for one end of the strip fuses using sleeves which are arranged between the fuses and the connecting elements for the connection to the battery pole, and of screws and nuts, this results in the advantage of a minimal contact resistance. Furthermore, this results in the advantage of a mechanically very simple structure and thus of an inexpensive fuse box.
Bei der bevorzugten Ausführungsform nach der Erfindung weist jede Streifensicherung zwei Bohrungen auf, die zur Befestigung der Sicherung mittels jeweils eines Gewindebolzens und einer Mutter dienen.In the preferred embodiment according to the invention, each strip fuse has two bores which are used to fasten the fuse by means of a threaded bolt and a nut.
Dasjenige Ende der Streifensicherung, welches die gemeinsame Stromschiene kontaktiert, wird auf einen Gewindebolzen aufge- steckt, der durch eine Bohrung in der gemeinsamen Stromschiene ragt, und mittels einer Mutter sicher fixiert. Zwischen Siche¬ rung und Mutter wird vorzugsweise eine Federscheibe einge¬ setzt, welche zur Aufrechterhaltung eines vorgegebenen Anzugs- Drehmoments für die Mutter dient. Dies ist insbesondere dann erforderlich, wenn die Streifensi¬ cherung aus Zink besteht, da sich gezeigt hat, daß durch das Setzverhalten des Materials Zink, insbesondere bei Einwirken von Temperaturzyklen auf die Verbindung zwischen Stromschiene und Streifensicherung, im Lauf der Zeit das Anzugs-Drehmoment reduziert wird.The end of the strip fuse which contacts the common busbar is attached to a threaded bolt which projects through a hole in the common busbar and is securely fixed by means of a nut. A spring washer is preferably inserted between the securing device and the nut, which serves to maintain a predetermined tightening torque for the nut. This is particularly necessary if the strip fuse is made of zinc, since it has been shown that the setting behavior of the material reduces the tightening torque over time, in particular when temperature cycles act on the connection between the conductor rail and the strip fuse becomes.
Bei der bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind im Gehäuse seitliche Anschlagflächen zur Verdrehsicherung der eingesetzten Streifensicherung vorgesehen. Hierdurch ergibt sich der Vorteil, daß bei einem Anziehen der Mutter ein Ver¬ drehen oder Verwinden der Streifensicherung vermieden wird.In the preferred embodiment of the invention, lateral abutment surfaces are provided in the housing for securing the strip security device against rotation. This has the advantage that when the nut is tightened, twisting or twisting of the strip safety device is avoided.
Darüber hinaus ist bei der bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung das Gehäuse so ausgebildet, daß der Schmelzbereich der Streifensicherungen durch einen im Gehäuse vorgesehenen Abschirmbereich abgeschirmt ist. Hierdurch ergibt sich der Vorteil, daß bei einem Schmelzen der Sicherung kein abge¬ schmolzenes Material an unerwünschte Stellen innerhalb des Gehäuses gelangt.In addition, in the preferred embodiment of the invention, the housing is designed such that the melting area of the strip fuses is shielded by a shielding area provided in the housing. This has the advantage that when the fuse melts, no molten material reaches undesired locations within the housing.
Der Abschirmbereich kann gleichzeitig die Funktion einer me¬ chanischen Kodierung für die einzusetzende Streifensicherung übernehmen. Auf diese Weise wird insbesondere das Einsetzen von Sicherungen mit höheren Nennströmen an solche Sicherungs¬ plätze vermieden, die für Sicherungen mit niedrigeren Nenn¬ strömen vorgesehen sind. Denn Sicherungen mit größeren Nenn¬ strömen weisen bei gleicher Dicke einen breiteren Schmelzbe¬ reich auf als Sicherungen mit niedrigeren Nennströmen.The shielding area can simultaneously take over the function of a mechanical coding for the strip security to be used. In this way, in particular the use of fuses with higher nominal currents is avoided at those fuse locations which are provided for fuses with lower nominal currents. This is because fuses with larger nominal currents have a wider melting range with the same thickness than fuses with lower nominal currents.
In gleicher Weise kann derjenige Bereich des Gehäuses, der zur Aufnahme eines mit der betreffenden Streifensicherung zu ver¬ bindenden Kabelschuhs dient, so ausgebildet sein, daß hier¬ durch eine mechanische Codierung bewirkt ist. Hierzu ist selbstverständlich erforderlich, daß sich die geometrische Form der einzelnen Kabelschuhe an den Enden der Kabel zu den abzusichernden Verbrauchern bzw. an den Enden der abzusichern¬ den Kabelstränge jeweils unterscheidet. Auf diese Weise wird das versehentliche fälschliche Einsetzen eines Kabelschuhs an einem hierzu nicht vorgesehenen Sicherungsplatz vermieden.In the same way, that area of the housing which serves to receive a cable lug to be connected to the relevant strip fuse can be designed in such a way that mechanical coding is brought about thereby. Of course, this requires that the geometric Form of the individual cable lugs at the ends of the cables to the consumers to be protected or at the ends of the cable harnesses to be protected each differentiates. In this way, the inadvertent incorrect insertion of a cable lug at a safety location not provided for this purpose is avoided.
Zusätzlich zu dieser Codierungsmaßnahme kann das Gehäuse seit¬ liche Öffnungen für das Herausführen der betreffenden Kabel aufweisen, die im wesentlichen dem Durchmesser des betreffen- den Kabels entsprechen. Da Kabel zur Führung höherer Ströme dicker ausgeführt werden als Kabel zur Führung niedrigerer Ströme, wird auch hierdurch das Einsetzen von Kabeln für höhe¬ re Ströme an Sicherungsplätzen für niedrigere Ströme vermie¬ den. In umgekehrter Weise wird auch das Einsetzen von dünneren Kabeln für niedrigere Ströme an Sicherungsplätzen für höhere Ströme sofort augenfällig, da das Kabel in diesem Fall nicht dicht mit dem Gehäuse abschließt bzw. nicht sicher gehalten ist.In addition to this coding measure, the housing can have lateral openings for the lead-out of the cables in question, which essentially correspond to the diameter of the cable in question. Since cables for carrying higher currents are made thicker than cables for carrying lower currents, this also avoids the use of cables for higher currents at fuse locations for lower currents. Conversely, the use of thinner cables for lower currents in fuse locations for higher currents is immediately apparent, since in this case the cable does not seal tightly with the housing or is not held securely.
Bei der bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Sicherungsbox nach der Erfindung sind die Anschlagflächen des Gehäuses für die Ver¬ drehsicherung der Streifensicherungen, die im Gehäuse vorgese¬ henen Abschirmbereiche für die Schmelzzonen der Sicherungen, die Sicherungs-Codierungsbereiche oder die Kabelschuh-Codie- rungsbereiche auf einem in das Gehäuse einsetzbaren Zwischen¬ boden ausgebildet. Hierdurch ergibt sich der Vorteil einer flexiblen Anpassung der Sicherungsbox für unterschiedliche Sicherungswerte bzw. für unterschiedliche Anzahlen von Siche¬ rungen. Zudem können die Gewindebolzen in diesem Fall einfach dadurch im Gehäuse unverlierbar gehalten sein, daß die Gewin¬ debereiche der Gewindebolzen durch Bohrungen in dem Zwischen¬ boden ragen und die Kopfteile der Gewindebolzen zwischen dem Gehäuseboden der Unterseite des Zwischenbodens gehalten sind. Bei der bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Sicherungsbox ragt der Gewindebolzen für die Halterung des nicht mit dem Batteriepol verbundenen Endes der Streifensicherung durch eine Federhülse, die unverlierbar im Gehäuse gehalten, vorzugsweise eingepreßt ist. Die Federhülse kann bei Verwendung eines Zwischenbodens in eine in diesem vorgesehene Bohrung eingepreßt sein. Die Federhülse weist dabei einen axial zu dem Gewindeteil des Gewindebolzens verlaufenden Hülsenbereich für das Einpressen und einen radial verlaufenden Kragen zur federnden Auflage der Streifensicherung auf. Der im wesentlichen radial verlaufende Kragen bewirkt durch seine federnde Eigenschaft ein Aufrecht¬ erhalten des ursprünglichen Anzugs-Drehmoments für die Mutter zur Befestigung des betreffenden Kabelschuhs auf dem Gewinde¬ bolzen bzw. dem betreffenden Sicherungsende.In the preferred embodiment of the fuse box according to the invention, the abutment surfaces of the housing for securing the strip security against rotation, the shielding areas provided in the housing for the melting zones of the fuses, the fuse coding areas or the cable lug coding areas are on one in the Intermediate base insertable housing. This has the advantage of flexible adaptation of the fuse box for different fuse values or for different numbers of fuses. In addition, the threaded bolts can in this case simply be held captive in the housing in that the threaded areas of the threaded bolts protrude through bores in the intermediate floor and the head parts of the threaded bolts are held between the housing base and the underside of the intermediate floor. In the preferred embodiment of the fuse box, the threaded bolt for holding the end of the strip fuse which is not connected to the battery pole protrudes through a spring sleeve which is captively held in the housing, preferably pressed in. When using an intermediate base, the spring sleeve can be pressed into a bore provided in the base. The spring sleeve has a sleeve region that runs axially to the threaded part of the threaded bolt for the press-in and a radially extending collar for resilient support of the strip fuse. Due to its resilient nature, the essentially radially extending collar maintains the original tightening torque for the nut for fastening the relevant cable lug on the threaded bolt or the relevant securing end.
Durch das Vorsehen von unverlierbar im Gehäuse gehaltenen Gewindebolzen und Federhülsen ergibt sich der Vorteil, daß die Sicherungsbox vom Hersteller der Sicherungsbox mit bereits eingesetzten Streifensicherungen lieferbar ist, wobei auf den Gewindebolzen zur Befestigung der Sicherungsenden, die nicht mit dem abzusichernden Batteriepol verbunden sind, keine Mut¬ ter zur Halterung des Bolzens, der Sicherung bzw. der Feder¬ hülse aufgeschraubt sein muß. Beim Einbau der Sicherungsbox in das Fahrzeug müssen dann lediglich die Sicherungsbox auf der Batterie befestigt und die Kabelschuhe mit den betreffenden Enden der Streifensicherungen verbunden werden.The provision of captive threaded bolts and spring sleeves results in the advantage that the fuse box can be supplied by the fuse box manufacturer with strip fuses already inserted, with no courage on the threaded bolts for fastening the fuse ends that are not connected to the battery pole to be secured ¬ ter for holding the bolt, the fuse or the spring sleeve must be screwed on. When installing the fuse box in the vehicle, the fuse box only has to be attached to the battery and the cable lugs have to be connected to the relevant ends of the strip fuses.
Bei der bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Sicherungsbox umfaßt das Gehäuse einen Deckel, der wasser- und feuchtigkeitsdicht mit dem übrigen Gehäuseteil verbindbar ist. Der Deckel kann dabei mittels einer Schnappmechanik oder mit¬ tels Schrauben mit dem übrigen Gehäuseteil verbindbar sein.In the preferred embodiment of the fuse box according to the invention, the housing comprises a cover which can be connected to the rest of the housing in a water-tight and moisture-tight manner. The cover can be connected to the rest of the housing part by means of a snap mechanism or by means of screws.
Hierdurch ergibt sich der Vorteil, daß beim Öffnen des Deckels sämtliche Sicherungen leicht zugänglich sind und die Sicherun- gen bei geschlossenem Deckel gegen Umwelteinflüsse geschützt sind, so daß das Vorsehen einzelner Schutzkappen oder Abdicht¬ einrichtungen für die Streifensicherungen nicht erforderlich ist.This has the advantage that when the lid is opened all the fuses are easily accessible and the fuses are protected against environmental influences when the lid is closed, so that the provision of individual protective caps or sealing devices for the strip security devices is not necessary.
Weitere Ausführungsformen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Further embodiments of the invention result from the subclaims.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigen:The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing. The drawing shows:
Fig. 1 eine teilweise aufgebrochene Seitenansicht der Siche¬ rungsbox nach der Erfindung;Figure 1 is a partially broken side view of the fuse box according to the invention.
Fig. 2 eine teilweise geschnittene Draufsicht der Sicherungs¬ box gemäß Fig. 1;FIG. 2 shows a partially sectioned top view of the fuse box according to FIG. 1;
Fig. 3 eine Draufsicht auf eine Streifensicherung zur Verwen- düng mit der Sicherungsbox gemäß den Fig. 1 und 2;3 shows a plan view of a strip fuse for use with the fuse box according to FIGS. 1 and 2;
Fig. 4 einen Schnitt entlang der Linie I-I in Fig. 2 undFig. 4 is a section along the line I-I in Fig. 2 and
Fig. 5 eine vergrößerte, teilweise aufgebrochene Ansicht, eines Teilbereichs der Sicherungsbox gemäß Fig. 2 im auf der Fahrzeugbatterie montierten Zustand.Fig. 5 is an enlarged, partially broken away view of a portion of the fuse box of FIG. 2 in the mounted state on the vehicle battery.
Die in Fig. 1 dargestellte erfindungsgemäße Sicherungsbox 1 umfaßt ein Gehäuse 3, welches im wesentlichen aus einem Boden- teil 5 und einem Deckelteil 7 besteht, welches zumindest denThe fuse box 1 according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 comprises a housing 3, which essentially consists of a base part 5 and a cover part 7, which at least the
Aufnahmebereich 9 (Fig. 2) für die Sicherungen abdeckt.Receiving area 9 (Fig. 2) covers for the fuses.
Wie aus den Fig. 1 und 2 ersichtlich, ist das Deckelteil 7 über Gelenke 11 verschwenkbar mit dem Bodenteil 5 verbunden und über entriegelbare rastende Verschlußeinrichtungen 13 offen- und schließbar. In den Sicherungsaufnahmebereich 9 ragt eine aus Stabilitätsgründen vorzugsweise L-förmig ausgebildete Stromschiene 15, deren eines Ende direkt mit dem betreffenden Pol 17 einer Batterie eines Kraftfahrzeugs verbunden ist (Fig. 5) .As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, the cover part 7 is pivotally connected to the base part 5 via joints 11 and via locking locking devices 13 that can be unlocked open and close. In the fuse receiving area 9, a conductor rail 15, which is preferably L-shaped for stability reasons, projects, one end of which is connected directly to the relevant pole 17 of a battery of a motor vehicle (FIG. 5).
Wie aus den Fig. 1, 2 und 5 ersichtlich, dient der in den Zeichnungen 1 und 2 rechts dargestellte und in Fig. 5 vergrö¬ ßerte Bereich der Sicherungsbox 1 gleichzeitig zur Abdeckung des betreffenden Pols, vorzugsweise des Plus-Pols, der Batte¬ rie. Dieser Bereich kann selbstverständlich ebenfalls mittels eines Deckels offenbar ausgebildet sein, so daß der betreffen¬ de Pol der Batterie auch ohne ein Öffnen des Deckelteils bzw. komplettes Entfernen der Sicherungsbox 1 zugänglich ist, bei- spielsweise für das Anschließen eines Starterkabels.As can be seen from FIGS. 1, 2 and 5, the area of the fuse box 1 shown on the right in the drawings 1 and 2 and enlarged in FIG. 5 simultaneously serves to cover the relevant pole, preferably the positive pole, the battery yelled. This area can of course also be formed by means of a cover, so that the relevant pole of the battery is accessible without opening the cover part or completely removing the fuse box 1, for example for connecting a starter cable.
Aus der Draufsicht gemäß Fig. 2 bei geschnittenem Deckelteil 7 ist ersichtlich, daß insgesamt fünf Streifensicherungen 19 mit jeweils einem Ende mechanisch und elektrisch mit der Strom- schiene 15 verbunden sind. Wie in Fig. 4 dargestellt, ist hierzu zur Halterung jeder der Streifensicherungen 15 ein Gewindebolzen 21 vorgesehen, der, wie im Fall des dargestell¬ ten Ausführungsbeispiels, als Kopfschraube ausgebildet sein kann. Der Gewindebolzen 21 ragt mit seinem Gewindeteil durch jeweils eine Bohrung 23 in der Stromschiene 15. Die Strom¬ schiene 15 ist dabei mittels eines Teils 25, welches mit dem Bodenteil 5 des Gehäuses 3 verbunden ist und eine die Strom¬ schiene 15 übergreifende Schulter 27 aufweist, sowie mittels eines in das Bodenteil 5 einsetzbaren Zwischenbodens im Gehäu- se fixiert, wobei der Zwischenboden 29 die Stromschiene 15 ebenfalls mittels eines Bereichs 29a übergreift.From the top view according to FIG. 2 with the cover part 7 cut, it can be seen that a total of five strip fuses 19, each with one end, are mechanically and electrically connected to the busbar 15. As shown in FIG. 4, a threaded bolt 21 is provided for holding each of the strip fuses 15, which, as in the case of the illustrated embodiment, can be designed as a cap screw. The threaded bolt 21 projects with its threaded part through a bore 23 in the busbar 15. The busbar 15 is by means of a part 25 which is connected to the bottom part 5 of the housing 3 and has a shoulder 27 which overlaps the busbar 15 , and fixed in the housing by means of an intermediate base which can be inserted into the base part 5, the intermediate base 29 likewise overlapping the busbar 15 by means of a region 29a.
Da der Gewindebolzen 21 als Kopfschraube ausgebildet ist, deren Kopf in einem Aufnahmebereich 31 zwischen dem Bodenteil 5 und der fixierten Stromschiene 15 aufgenommen ist, erfolgt auf diese Weise eine unverlierbare Fixierung des Gewindebol¬ zens 21.Since the threaded bolt 21 is designed as a cap screw, the head of which is received in a receiving region 31 between the base part 5 and the fixed busbar 15 in this way an captive fixation of the threaded bolt 21.
Die betreffende Streifensicherung 19, die in Fig. 3 in ver- größerter Draufsicht als Einzelteil dargestellt ist, weist für das Aufstecken auf den Gewindebolzen 21 eine Bohrung 33 auf.The relevant strip safety device 19, which is shown as an individual part in an enlarged plan view in FIG. 3, has a bore 33 for being attached to the threaded bolt 21.
Wie in Fig. 4 dargestellt, wird die Streifensicherung 19 nach dem Aufstecken auf den Gewindebolzen 21 mittels einer Mutter 35 mit der Stromschiene 15 verbunden, wobei zwischen der Un¬ terseite der Mutter 35 und der Oberseite der Streifensicherung 19 eine Federscheibe 37 angeordnet ist. Die Federscheibe 37 gewährleistet infolge ihrer federnden Eigenschaft eine dauern¬ de Aufrechterhaltung eines vorgegebenen Anzugs-Drehmoments bzw. einer vorgegebenen Anpreßkraft der Streifensicherung 19 an die Stromschiene 15.As shown in FIG. 4, the strip fuse 19 is connected to the busbar 15 by means of a nut 35 after being attached to the threaded bolt 21, a spring washer 37 being arranged between the underside of the nut 35 and the top of the strip fuse 19. Due to its resilient nature, the spring washer 37 ensures permanent maintenance of a predetermined tightening torque or a predetermined contact pressure of the strip fuse 19 on the busbar 15.
Das jeweils andere Ende der Streifensicherungen 19 wird eben¬ falls mittels eines weiteren Gewindebolzens 39 im Gehäuse 3 gehalten, wobei der Gewindebolzen 39 wiederum als Kopfschraube ausgebildet ist, deren Kopf in einem Aufnahmebereich 41 im Bodenteil 5 des Gehäuses 3 aufgenommen ist. Der Gewindeteil des Gewindebolzens 39 ragt durch eine Bohrung 43 im Zwischen¬ boden 29, wodurch der Bolzen 39 wiederum unverlierbar im Ge- häuse 3 fixiert ist. Der Zwischenboden 29 kann hierzu bei¬ spielsweise schnappbar mit dem Bodenteil 5 verbunden sein.The other end of the strip retainers 19 is also held in the housing 3 by means of a further threaded bolt 39, the threaded bolt 39 again being designed as a cap screw, the head of which is received in a receiving region 41 in the base part 5 of the housing 3. The threaded part of the threaded bolt 39 protrudes through a bore 43 in the intermediate floor 29, as a result of which the bolt 39 is in turn captively fixed in the housing 3. For this purpose, the intermediate base 29 can be snap-connected to the base part 5.
Selbstverständlich kann der Zwischenboden 29 jedoch auch fest mit dem Bodenteil 5 verbunden, beispielsweise verklebt sein. Hierdurch kann die Dichtigkeit des Gehäuses bei geschlossenem Deckel leichter gewährleistet werden.Of course, the intermediate base 29 can, however, also be firmly connected to the base part 5, for example glued. This makes it easier to ensure the tightness of the housing when the cover is closed.
In die Bohrung 43 im Zwischenboden 29 ist eine Federhülse 45 mit ihrem im wesentlichen axial zum Gewindeteil des Gewinde- bolzens 39 verlaufenden Hülsenteil eingepreßt. Durch das Ein- pressen ist die Federhülse 45 ebenfalls unverlierbar im Gehäu¬ se bzw. im Zwischenboden 29 gehalten.A spring sleeve 45 is pressed into the bore 43 in the intermediate base 29 with its sleeve part which extends essentially axially to the threaded part of the threaded bolt 39. By entering press, the spring sleeve 45 is also held captively in the housing or in the intermediate base 29.
Ein oberer sich im wesentlichen radial erstreckender Kragen der Federhülse 45 dient als Auflage für das betreffende Ende der Streifensicherung 19, wobei die in diesem Ende vorgesehene Bohrung 33 wieder für das Aufstecken der Streifensicherung 19 auf den Gewindebolzen 39 dient.An upper, essentially radially extending collar of the spring sleeve 45 serves as a support for the relevant end of the strip fuse 19, the bore 33 provided in this end again being used for attaching the strip fuse 19 to the threaded bolt 39.
Auf den Gewindebolzen 39 ist in nicht dargestellter Weise ein Kabelschuh aufsteckbar, in welchem ebenfalls eine entsprechen¬ de Bohrung oder Ausnehmung vorgesehen ist. Der Kabelschuh kann mittels einer in den Figuren gestrichelt dargestellten Mutter 47 mechanisch fixiert und elektrisch mit der Streifensicherung 19 verbunden werden. Der Kragen der Federhülse 45 dient mit seinen federnden Eigenschaften zur Aufrechterhaltung eines vorgegebenen Anzugs-Drehmoments bzw. zur Aufrechterhaltung einer vorgegebenen Anpreßkraft des Kabelschuhs an die Strei¬ fensicherung 19.A cable lug, in which a corresponding bore or recess is likewise provided, can be plugged onto the threaded bolt 39 in a manner not shown. The cable lug can be mechanically fixed by means of a nut 47 shown in dashed lines in the figures and electrically connected to the strip fuse 19. With its resilient properties, the collar of the spring sleeve 45 serves to maintain a predetermined tightening torque or to maintain a predetermined contact pressure of the cable lug against the strip fuse 19.
Auf dem Zwischenboden 29 sind an den seitlichen Bereichen der Streifensicherungen 19 wiederum seitliche Wandungen 61 vor¬ gesehen, welche als Anschlagflächen für die Seiten der Strei¬ fensicherungen 19 dienen. Hierdurch wird ein Verdrehen und Verwinden der Streifensicherungen beim Anziehen der Muttern 35 bzw. 47 vermieden. Die Wandungen dienen darüber hinaus gleich¬ zeitig zur Abschirmung der Schmelzbereiche 19a der Streifensi¬ cherungen 19. Hierdurch werden unerwünschte Einflüsse beim Schmelzen einer Streifensicherung 19 auf die übrigen Sicherun- gen und Anschlußelemente vermieden.On the intermediate floor 29, lateral walls 61 are again provided on the lateral areas of the strip fuse 19, which serve as stop surfaces for the sides of the strip fuse 19. This avoids twisting and twisting of the strip retainers when the nuts 35 and 47 are tightened. The walls also serve at the same time to shield the melting areas 19a of the strip fuses 19. This prevents undesirable influences when a strip fuse 19 melts on the other fuses and connecting elements.
Wie in Fig. 2 dargestellt, sind anschließend an die Bolzen 39 zur Befestigung jeweils eines Kabelschuhs Kabelschuh-Codie¬ rungsbereiche 49 vorgesehen, welche zur Aufnahme des betref- fenden Kabelschuhs dienen. Um eine Codierung zu gewährleisten, ist jeder Codierungsbereich 49 verschiedenartig ausgebildet, so daß nur der Kabelschuh mit der jeweils im wesentlichen komplementären Außenkontur in den betreffenden Codierungsbe¬ reich 49 einsetzbar ist. Auf diese Weise wird eine falsche Zuordnung eines Kabelschuhs zur zugehörigen Streifensicherung 19 vermieden. Hierzu können auf dem Zwischenboden 29 Wandungen 51 vorgesehen sein, welche die Codierungsbereiche 49 seitlich begrenzen und die jeweilige Kontur bestimmen.As shown in FIG. 2, cable lug coding regions 49 are provided next to the bolts 39 for fastening one cable lug each, and are used to receive the relevant cable lug. To ensure coding, each coding area 49 is designed differently, so that only the cable lug with the essentially complementary outer contour can be inserted into the coding area 49 in question. In this way, an incorrect assignment of a cable lug to the associated strip fuse 19 is avoided. For this purpose, walls 51 can be provided on the intermediate floor 29, which laterally delimit the coding regions 49 and determine the respective contour.
Das mit dem jeweiligen Kabelschuh kontaktierte Kabel ist durch jeweils eine Öffnung 53 in der Seitenwandung des Gehäuses 3 nach außen geführt. Der Durchmesser jeder Öffnung 53 ent¬ spricht dabei dem Durchmesser des jeweiligen Kabels. Auch hierdurch kann wiederum eine zusätzliche Codierung bewirkt werden.The cable contacted with the respective cable lug is guided outwards through an opening 53 in the side wall of the housing 3. The diameter of each opening 53 corresponds to the diameter of the respective cable. This can also be used to effect additional coding.
Wie aus den Fig. 1 und 2 ersichtlich, können die Öffnungen 53 zum einen durch im wesentlichen vertikal verlaufende, nach oben offene Schlitze in einer Seitenwandung des Zwischenbodens 29 und zum anderen durch nach unten offene Schlitze im Deckel¬ teil 7 gebildet sein. Auf diese Weise ergibt sich der Vorteil, daß durch verschiedene Zwischenböden 29 und Deckelteile 7 die Sicherungsbox 1 an die Anzahl der benötigten Streifensicherun¬ gen und an die Dicke der abzusichernden Kabel bzw. Kabelsträn- ge anpaßbar ist. Für eine derartige Anpassung muß lediglich das Spritzwerkzeug für den Zwischenboden und ggf. das Spritz¬ werkzeug für das Deckelteil entsprechend geändert werden.As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, the openings 53 can be formed on the one hand by essentially vertically running, upwardly open slots in a side wall of the intermediate floor 29 and on the other hand by downwardly open slots in the lid part 7. In this way, there is the advantage that the fuse box 1 can be adapted to the number of strip fuses required and to the thickness of the cables or cable harnesses to be protected by means of various intermediate floors 29 and cover parts 7. For such an adaptation, only the injection mold for the intermediate floor and possibly the injection mold for the cover part have to be changed accordingly.
Die bisher erläuterten Streifensicherungen 19 dienen in aller Regel zur Absicherung von Kabelsträngen und werden in aller Regel nur von geschultem Fachpersonal ausgetauscht, da bei einem Ansprechen einer Streifensicherung mit Nennströmen von 100 A und mehr in aller Regel ein gravierender Defekt in der Elektrik des Kraftfahrzeugs vorliegt. Darüber hinaus dient die Sicherungsbox 1 jedoch auch zur Auf¬ nahme von herkömmlichen Sicherungen zur elektrischen Absiche¬ rung von Verbrauchern, beispielsweise von Antiblockiersyste- men, Airbags, Scheinwerfern etc. Diese Sicherungen sind in Fig. 2 mit den Bezugszeichen 55 versehen und können in übli¬ cher Weise als steckbare Flachsicherungen ausgebildet sein. Die Kontaktierung dieser Sicherungen erfolgt in üblicher Weise mittels Anschlußkontakten 57 (Fig. 4) , wobei am Gehäuse 3 bzw. am Bodenteil 5 ein Aufnahmebereich 59 zur Aufnahme eines oder mehrerer Stecker zur Kontaktierung der Flachsicherungen vor¬ gesehen ist.The strip fuses 19 explained so far generally serve to protect cable harnesses and are generally only replaced by trained specialist personnel, since when a strip fuse with nominal currents of 100 A and more responds, there is generally a serious defect in the electrical system of the motor vehicle. In addition, however, the fuse box 1 also serves to accommodate conventional fuses for the electrical protection of consumers, for example anti-lock braking systems, airbags, headlights, etc. These fuses are provided with the reference number 55 in FIG. 2 and can usually be used ¬ cher be designed as pluggable flat fuses. These fuses are contacted in the usual way by means of connecting contacts 57 (FIG. 4), a receiving area 59 being provided on the housing 3 or on the base part 5 for receiving one or more plugs for contacting the flat fuses.
Wie bereits erwähnt, ist das Deckelteil 7 in Verbindung mit dem Bodenteil 5 des Gehäuses 3 so ausgebildet, daß sich beim Schließen des Deckelteils 7 ein wasser- und feuchtigkeitsdich¬ ter Abschluß ergibt. As already mentioned, the cover part 7 is designed in connection with the bottom part 5 of the housing 3 in such a way that when the cover part 7 is closed, there is a water and moisture-tight seal.

Claims

Sicherungsbox für KraftfahrzeugePatentansprüche Fuse box for motor vehicles
1. Sicherungsbox für Kraftfahrzeuge mit1. Fuse box for motor vehicles with
a) einem Gehäuse (3) zur Aufnahme wenigstens einer elek¬ trischen Sicherung (19, 35) zur Absicherung eines Ver- brauchers oder Leitungsstrangs,a) a housing (3) for receiving at least one electrical fuse (19, 35) for protecting a consumer or wiring harness,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,characterized,
b) daß die Sicherungsbox (1) auf einer Batterie eines Kraftfahrzeugs befestigbar ist.b) that the fuse box (1) can be attached to a battery of a motor vehicle.
2. Sicherungsbox nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die wenigstens eine Sicherung (19) als Streifensicherung ausgebildet ist.2. Fuse box according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one fuse (19) is designed as a strip fuse.
3. Sicherungsbox nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mehrere Streifensicherungen (19) auf einer an einen Pol (17) der Batterie anschließbaren gemeinsamen Stromschiene (15) zur mechanischen Halterung und elektrischen Kontaktie- rung montierbar sind.3. Fuse box according to claim 2, characterized in that a plurality of strip fuses (19) can be mounted on a common bus bar (15) which can be connected to a pole (17) of the battery for mechanical mounting and electrical contacting.
4. Sicherungsbox nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeich¬ net, daß die wenigstens eine Streifensicherung (19) zwei Bohrungen (33) zur Montage mittels zweier Gewindebolzen (21, 39) und Muttern (35, 47) aufweist.4. Fuse box according to claim 2 or 3, characterized gekennzeich¬ net that the at least one strip fuse (19) has two bores (33) for mounting by means of two threaded bolts (21, 39) and nuts (35, 47).
5. Sicherungsbox nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die wenigstens eine Streifensicherung (19) mittels seitli- eher Anschlagflächen (61) des Gehäuses (3) gegen ein Ver¬ drehen und Verwinden gesichert ist.5. Fuse box according to claim 4, characterized in that the at least one strip fuse (19) by means of side rather stop surfaces (61) of the housing (3) are secured against twisting and twisting.
6. Sicherungsbox nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schmelzbereich (19a) der wenigstens einen Streifensicherung (19) durch einen im Gehäuse (3) vorgesehenen Abschirmbereich abgeschirmt ist.6. Fuse box according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the melting area (19a) of the at least one strip fuse (19) is shielded by a shielding area provided in the housing (3).
7. Sicherungsbox nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abschirmbereich gleichzeitig als Sicherungs-Kodie- rungsbereich zur mechanischen Kodierung für die einzuset¬ zende Streifensicherung (19) dienen.7. A fuse box according to claim 6, characterized in that the shielding area also serves as a security coding area for mechanical coding for the strip security (19) to be used.
8. Sicherungsbox nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß derjenige Bereich (49) des Gehäuses8. Fuse box according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that that area (49) of the housing
(3), welcher dem Ende der wenigstens einen Streifensicherung (19) benachbart ist, welches mit dem abzusichernden Verbraucher oder Leitungsstrang verbindbar ist, zur mechanischen Kodierung zumindest teilweise durch Seitenwandungen (51) derart begrenzt ist, daß dieser Kabel¬ schuh-Kodierungsbereich (49) der Form eines mit der Strei¬ fensicherung (19) zu verbindenden Kabelschuhs entspricht.(3), which is adjacent to the end of the at least one strip fuse (19), which can be connected to the consumer or wiring harness to be protected, for mechanical coding is at least partially limited by side walls (51) in such a way that this cable lug coding area (49 ) corresponds to the shape of a cable lug to be connected to the strip fuse (19).
9. Sicherungsbox nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anschlagflächen (61) des Gehäuses9. Fuse box according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the stop surfaces (61) of the housing
(3) , der wenigstens eine im Gehäuse (3) vorgesehene Ab¬ schirmbereich, der wenigstens eine Sicherungs-Kodierungs- bereich oder der wenigstens eine Kabelschuh-Kodierungsbe¬ reich (49) auf einem in dem Gehäuse (3) angeordneten Zwi- schenboden (29) ausgebildet sind.(3), the at least one shielding area provided in the housing (3), the at least one fuse coding area or the at least one cable lug coding area (49) on an intermediate floor (3) arranged in the housing (3) 29) are formed.
10. Sicherungsbox nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das mit dem abzusichernden Verbraucher oder Kabelstrang verbindbare Ende der Streifensicherung (19) mittels eines unverlierbar im Gehäuse gehaltenen Gewindebolzen (39) und einer darauf aufschraubbaren Mutter (47) mit dem betreffenden auf den Gewindebolzen (39) auf¬ steckbaren Kabelschuh verbindbar ist.10. Fuse box according to one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that the connectable to the consumer or cable harness to be secured end of the strip fuse (19) by means of a captive held in the housing Threaded bolt (39) and a nut (47) screwable thereon can be connected to the relevant cable lug which can be plugged onto the threaded bolt (39).
11. Sicherungsbox nach Anspruch 10, sofern dieser auch auf Anspruch 9 rückbezogen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Gewindebolzen (39) als Kopfschraube ausgebildet ist, deren Gewindeteil durch eine im Zwischenboden (29) vor¬ gesehene Bohrung (43) ragt und deren Kopfteil durch den Zwischenboden (29) gehalten ist.11. Fuse box according to claim 10, insofar as this is also related to claim 9, characterized in that the threaded bolt (39) is designed as a head screw, the threaded part of which protrudes through a bore (43) provided in the intermediate floor (29) and the head part thereof is held by the intermediate floor (29).
12. Sicherungsbox nach Anspruch 10 oder 11, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß im Gehäuse (3) zwischen der Mutter (47) und der Streifensicherung (19) zur Aufrechterhaltung eines vorgegebenen Anzugsmoments für die Mutter eine Federhülse (45) angeordnet ist.12. Fuse box according to claim 10 or 11, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that a spring sleeve (45) is arranged in the housing (3) between the nut (47) and the strip fuse (19) to maintain a predetermined tightening torque for the nut.
13. Sicherungsbox nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Federhülse (45) mit einem in axialer Richtung des Gewindeteils verlaufenden Hülsenbereich unverlierbar in das Gehäuse (3) eingepreßt ist.13. A fuse box according to claim 12, characterized in that the spring sleeve (45) with a sleeve region extending in the axial direction of the threaded part is pressed captively into the housing (3).
14. Sicherungsbox nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Federhülse (45) in eine Bohrung (43) im Zwischen- boden (29) eingepreßt ist.14. A fuse box according to claim 13, characterized in that the spring sleeve (45) is pressed into a bore (43) in the intermediate floor (29).
15. Sicherungsbox nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Federhülse (45) einen im wesentli¬ chen in radialer Richtung verlaufenden Kragen zur federn- den Auflage der Streifensicherung (19) aufweist.15. A fuse box according to any one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the spring sleeve (45) has a collar which extends in the radial direction, in essence, for resilient support of the strip fuse (19).
16. Sicherungsbox nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sicherungsbox (1) zur Absicherung von Verbrauchern steckbar gehaltene Sicherun- gen (55) und zur Absicherung von Leitungssträngen Strei¬ fensicherungen (19) aufweist.16. Fuse box according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fuse box (1) for securing consumers can be plugged in. gene (55) and for securing wiring harness strip fuses (19).
17. Sicherungsbox nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gehäuse (3) ein Deckelteil (5) für das wasser- und feuchtigkeitsdichte Abschließen des Sicherungsaufnahmebereichs (9) aufweist. 17. Fuse box according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (3) has a cover part (5) for the water- and moisture-tight closing of the fuse receiving area (9).
EP97917255A 1996-04-19 1997-03-05 Fuse box for motor vehicles Expired - Lifetime EP0894328B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19615561A DE19615561C2 (en) 1996-04-19 1996-04-19 Fuse box for motor vehicles
DE19615561 1996-04-19
PCT/DE1997/000414 WO1997040510A1 (en) 1996-04-19 1997-03-05 Fuse box for motor vehicles

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0894328A1 true EP0894328A1 (en) 1999-02-03
EP0894328B1 EP0894328B1 (en) 2000-05-17

Family

ID=7791799

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97917255A Expired - Lifetime EP0894328B1 (en) 1996-04-19 1997-03-05 Fuse box for motor vehicles

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US6396380B1 (en)
EP (1) EP0894328B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH11509961A (en)
KR (1) KR100307832B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1134038C (en)
AU (1) AU2566697A (en)
BR (1) BR9708586A (en)
DE (2) DE19615561C2 (en)
ES (1) ES2146092T3 (en)
PT (1) PT894328E (en)
WO (1) WO1997040510A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0894328B1 (en) 2000-05-17
US6396380B1 (en) 2002-05-28
BR9708586A (en) 1999-08-03
KR100307832B1 (en) 2001-11-02
JPH11509961A (en) 1999-08-31
ES2146092T3 (en) 2000-07-16
DE19615561C2 (en) 1998-12-10
KR19990087456A (en) 1999-12-27
DE59701722D1 (en) 2000-06-21
DE19615561A1 (en) 1997-10-23
CN1216633A (en) 1999-05-12
CN1134038C (en) 2004-01-07
AU2566697A (en) 1997-11-12
WO1997040510A1 (en) 1997-10-30
PT894328E (en) 2000-10-31

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