EP0894235B1 - Firing mixtures - Google Patents

Firing mixtures Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0894235B1
EP0894235B1 EP97921748A EP97921748A EP0894235B1 EP 0894235 B1 EP0894235 B1 EP 0894235B1 EP 97921748 A EP97921748 A EP 97921748A EP 97921748 A EP97921748 A EP 97921748A EP 0894235 B1 EP0894235 B1 EP 0894235B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
igniter
agent according
mixtures
agents
ammonium
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EP97921748A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0894235A1 (en
Inventor
Rainer Hagel
Dieter Hofmann
Bodo Preis
Klaus Redecker
Wolfram Seebeck
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RWS GmbH
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Dynamit Nobel AG
Dynamit Nobel GmbH Explosivstoff und Systemtechnik
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
    • F42B3/113—Initiators therefor activated by optical means, e.g. laser, flashlight
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
    • C06C7/00—Non-electric detonators; Blasting caps; Primers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
    • C06C9/00—Chemical contact igniters; Chemical lighters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to igniter mixtures, their preparation as well as their use.
  • Ignition mixtures or primers serve to ignite pyrotechnic Mixtures or sets and of propellant charges.
  • the pyrotechnic Mixtures or sentences can be the sole charge or a Boost charge of the ignition or a gas generating set.
  • Propellant charges / gas charges are made up of predominantly gaseous components, the for triggering fast-running operations such as e.g. the acceleration of Shot, the driving of fastening materials, for example, with the help from bolt guns or the inflation of airbags or be used to trigger belt tensioners in automotive safety can.
  • a variant is the use of liquid gas sets instead of Solid fuel gas sets dar. These use the reaction of liquid fuel with Oxidizing agents for gas production.
  • Ignition mixtures are usually triggered mechanically and must therefore be sensitive to friction and impact. They insist in the Usually from initial or primary explosives, such as leadriniterresorcinate or diazodinitrophenol, reducing agents such as metal powder and oxidizing agents such as barium nitrate or zinc peroxide. Sensitizers such as tetracene or Friction agents such as glass powder, which increase the sensitivity of the initial explosives, are also used. For electrically ignitable systems primarily the fast reacting initial explosives used. The for the proper function required high mechanical sensitivity of the components However, is disadvantageous in the handling of raw materials and mixtures. It requires special security measures. Other kind of lighting like that Igniting by thermal action or by coupling high-frequency electromagnetic waves do not solve this problem or are only for whole special, very limited applications suitable.
  • the object of the present invention was to ignite new ignitions provide.
  • the object is achieved by igniting mixtures, according to claim 1 which can be ignited by laser light.
  • the igniters according to the invention still contain per se conventional oxidizing and reducing agents. Binder, processing and / or pressing aids may optionally also be used.
  • oxidizing agents the peroxides of the alkali and alkaline earth metals, zinc peroxide, and the peroxodisulfates of said elements and of ammonium, Nitrates of the alkali and alkaline earth metals, in particular lithium, sodium, potassium or strontium nitrate and ammonium nitrate, oxo-halogen compounds of alkali metal or alkaline earth metals or ammonium, more preferably potassium perchlorate or ammonium perchlorate.
  • sulfur is suitable as an oxidizing agent sulfur is suitable.
  • the mentioned oxidizing agents can be used alone or as a mixture be used.
  • metals such as titanium, Zirconium, aluminum, magnesium, cerium used in finely pulverized form. Also Alloys of these metals such as titanium / aluminum or cerium / magnesium can used according to the invention. Further reducing agents are carbon or boron. The abovementioned reducing agents can be used alone or as a mixture become.
  • binders compounds from the group of polyesters or polyurethanes be used.
  • Compounds with binding properties that have a Contribute to the explosion heat and / or the oxygen balance for example Nitrocellulose or polynitropolyphenylene, may also be used as a binder be used.
  • Processing and pressing aids may be substances that, for example, the flowability increase, such as Aerosil or substances that prevent dust formation and improve the lubricity or meterability, such as graphite or boron nitride.
  • the igniter mixtures according to the invention optionally colored or with colored pigments be offset.
  • the thermal stability can, if necessary, by the addition be improved by stabilizers. As such, for example, substances come in Question, which are used to stabilize the nitrocellulose.
  • the igniter mixtures according to the invention can be influenced the burning rate Abbrandmoderatoren be added.
  • Moderators in the form of a heterogeneous Catalysis in the reaction are metals, metal oxides and / or metal carbonates and / or metal sulfides.
  • metals preferably boron, silicon, Copper, iron, titanium, zinc or molybdenum can be used. Also calcium carbonate can be used. Mixtures of these moderators can also be used.
  • Moderators who intervene in the implementation in the form of homogeneous catalysis, For example, sulfur, copper resorcylates or ferrocene and its Derivatives. These moderators are characterized by those occurring during the reaction Temperatures evaporate and can themselves or as secondary products in the Intervene reaction.
  • the igniter mixtures according to the invention if necessary, treated or coated with protective agents be.
  • the igniter mixtures according to the invention can be used in a variety of ways. Preferably, they are used to ignite pyrotechnic mixtures or propellant charges used to trigger fast-paced operations such as the acceleration of projectiles, the driving of fastening materials e.g. with the help of bolt guns or the Inflating airbags or releasing pretensioners in the airbag Automotive safety are used.
  • thermodynamic calculation program was used to determine the igniter mixtures according to the invention at constant volume and a charge density of 0, 1 g / cm 3 calculated an adiabatic reaction. Table 3 shows the most important data of the thermodynamic calculation. The ignition energy required to initiate a reaction was determined experimentally.
  • the igniter mixtures according to the invention are prepared by processes known per se.
  • the individual components are sieved in the mixing ratios indicated in Table 1 through a sieve with a clear mesh size of 0.2 mm and mixed in a tumble mixer for 30 minutes.
  • Each 200 mg of these mixtures are pressed with a pressing force of 71 N / mm 2 into tablets with a diameter of 6 mm.
  • the tablets thus produced are ignited with a laser beam (wavelength 1,060 nm), a beam energy of about 200 mJ and a pulse length of 2.5 ms.
  • the ignition behavior is shown in Table 1.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Ignition Timing (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

A firing mixture which contains explosives, oxidizing and reducing agents is characterized in that it contains one or several explosives which can be fired by laser light. Also disclosed is a process for producing the same and its use.

Description

Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung sind Anzündmischungen, deren Herstellung sowie deren Verwendung.The present invention relates to igniter mixtures, their preparation as well as their use.

Anzündmischungen oder auch Anzündsätze dienen der Anzündung von pyrotechnischen Gemischen oder Sätzen sowie von Treibladungen. Die pyrotechnischen Gemische oder Sätze können dabei die alleinige Aufladung oder aber eine Verstärkungsladung der Anzündung oder ein gaserzeugender Satz sein. Treibladungen/Gassätze setzen sich in überwiegend gasförmige Bestandteile um, die zur Auslösung schnell ablaufender Vorgänge wie z.B. die Beschleunigung von Geschossen, das Eintreiben von Befestigungsmaterialien, beispielsweise mit Hilfe von Bolzensetzgeräten oder auch das Aufblasen von Gassäcken (Airbags) oder zum Auslösen von Gurtstraffern in der Kraftfahrzeugsicherheit eingesetzt werden können. Eine Variante stellt die Verwendung von Flüssig-Gassätzen anstelle der Feststoff-Gassätze dar. Diese nutzen die Reaktion von flüssigem Brennstoff mit Oxidationsmitteln zur Gaserzeugung aus.Ignition mixtures or primers serve to ignite pyrotechnic Mixtures or sets and of propellant charges. The pyrotechnic Mixtures or sentences can be the sole charge or a Boost charge of the ignition or a gas generating set. Propellant charges / gas charges are made up of predominantly gaseous components, the for triggering fast-running operations such as e.g. the acceleration of Shot, the driving of fastening materials, for example, with the help from bolt guns or the inflation of airbags or be used to trigger belt tensioners in automotive safety can. A variant is the use of liquid gas sets instead of Solid fuel gas sets dar. These use the reaction of liquid fuel with Oxidizing agents for gas production.

Anzündmischungen werden in der Regel mechanisch ausgelöst und müssen daher empfindlich gegenüber Reib- und Schlageinwirkung sein. Sie bestehen in der Regel aus Initial- oder Primärexplosivstoffen wie beispielsweise Bleitrinitroresorcinat oder Diazodinitrophenol, Reduktionsmitteln wie Metallpulver sowie Oxidationsmitteln wie Bariumnitrat oder Zinkperoxid. Sensibilisatoren wie Tetrazen oder Friktionsmittel wie Glaspulver, die die Empfindlichkeit der Initialexplosivstoffe erhöhen, werden ebenfalls eingesetzt. Für elektrisch anzündbare Systeme werden in erster Linie die schnell reagierenden Initialexplosivstoffe eingesetzt. Die für die einwandfreie Funktion erforderliche hohe mechanische Empfindlichkeit der Bestandteile ist jedoch bei der Handhabung der Rohstoffe und Gemische nachteilig. Sie erfordert besondere Sicherheitsmaßnahmen. Andere Anzündarten wie das Anzünden durch thermische Einwirkung oder durch Einkopplung hochfrequenter elektromagnetischer Wellen lösen dieses Problem nicht oder sind nur für ganz spezielle, stark eingeschränkte Anwendungen geeignet.Ignition mixtures are usually triggered mechanically and must therefore be sensitive to friction and impact. They insist in the Usually from initial or primary explosives, such as leadriniterresorcinate or diazodinitrophenol, reducing agents such as metal powder and oxidizing agents such as barium nitrate or zinc peroxide. Sensitizers such as tetracene or Friction agents such as glass powder, which increase the sensitivity of the initial explosives, are also used. For electrically ignitable systems primarily the fast reacting initial explosives used. The for the proper function required high mechanical sensitivity of the components However, is disadvantageous in the handling of raw materials and mixtures. It requires special security measures. Other kind of lighting like that Igniting by thermal action or by coupling high-frequency electromagnetic waves do not solve this problem or are only for whole special, very limited applications suitable.

Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung bestand darin, neue Anzündmischungen bereitzustellen.The object of the present invention was to ignite new ignitions provide.

In einer ersten Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird die Aufgabe gelöst durch Anzündmischungen, gemäß Anspruch 1 die durch Laserlicht anzündbar sind. In a first embodiment of the invention the object is achieved by igniting mixtures, according to claim 1 which can be ignited by laser light.

Neben den Explosivstoffen enthalten die erfindungsgemäßen Anzündmittel noch an sich übliche Oxidations- und Reduktionsmittel. Binder, Verarbeitungs- und/oder Preßhilfsmittel können gegebenenfalls ebenfalls eingesetzt werden.Besides the explosives, the igniters according to the invention still contain per se conventional oxidizing and reducing agents. Binder, processing and / or pressing aids may optionally also be used.

Als Oxidationsmittel können die Peroxide der Alkali- und Erdalkalimetalle, Zinkperoxid, sowie die Peroxodisulfate der genannten Elemente und des Ammoniums, Nitrate der Alkali- und Erdalkalimetalle, insbesondere Lithium-, Natrium-, Kalium- oder Strontiumnitrat sowie Ammoniumnitrat, Oxohalogenverbindungen der Alkali- oder Erdalkalimetalle oder des Ammoniums, besonders bevorzugt Kaliumperchlorat oder Ammoniumperchlorat eingesetzt werden. Ebenfalls als Oxidationsmittel geeignet ist Schwefel. Die genannten Oxidationsmittel können allein oder als Mischung eingesetzt werden.As oxidizing agents, the peroxides of the alkali and alkaline earth metals, zinc peroxide, and the peroxodisulfates of said elements and of ammonium, Nitrates of the alkali and alkaline earth metals, in particular lithium, sodium, potassium or strontium nitrate and ammonium nitrate, oxo-halogen compounds of alkali metal or alkaline earth metals or ammonium, more preferably potassium perchlorate or ammonium perchlorate. Also as an oxidizing agent sulfur is suitable. The mentioned oxidizing agents can be used alone or as a mixture be used.

Als Reduktionsmittel werden erfindungsgemäß Metalle wie beispielsweise Titan, Zirkon, Aluminium, Magnesium, Cer in feinpulverisierter Form eingesetzt. Auch Legierungen dieser Metalle wie Titan/Aluminium oder Cer/Magnesium können erfindungsgemäß eingesetzt werden. Weitere Reduktionsmittel sind Kohlenstoff oder Bor. Die genannten Reduktionsmittel können allein oder als Mischung eingesetzt werden.As a reducing agent according to the invention metals such as titanium, Zirconium, aluminum, magnesium, cerium used in finely pulverized form. Also Alloys of these metals such as titanium / aluminum or cerium / magnesium can used according to the invention. Further reducing agents are carbon or boron. The abovementioned reducing agents can be used alone or as a mixture become.

Als Binder können Verbindungen aus der Gruppe der Polyester oder der Polyurethane eingesetzt werden. Verbindungen mit bindenden Eigenschaften, die einen Beitrag zur Explosionswärme und/oder zur Sauerstoffbilanz beitragen, beispielsweise Nitrocellulose oder Polynitropolyphenylen, können ebenfalls als Binder eingesetzt werden.As binders, compounds from the group of polyesters or polyurethanes be used. Compounds with binding properties that have a Contribute to the explosion heat and / or the oxygen balance, for example Nitrocellulose or polynitropolyphenylene, may also be used as a binder be used.

Verarbeitungs- und Preßhilfen können Stoffe sein, die beispielsweise die Rieselfähigkeit erhöhen, wie Aerosil oder Stoffe, die die Staubbildung verhindern und die Gleit- oder Dosierfähigkeit verbessern, wie Graphit oder Bornitrid.Processing and pressing aids may be substances that, for example, the flowability increase, such as Aerosil or substances that prevent dust formation and improve the lubricity or meterability, such as graphite or boron nitride.

Zur besseren Absorption des Laserlichtes können die erfindungsgemäßen Anzündmischungen gegebenenfalls eingefärbt werden oder mit Farbpigmenten versetzt werden. Die thermische Stabilität kann falls erforderlich durch den Zusatz von Stabilisatoren verbessert werden. Als solche kommen beispielsweise Stoffe in Frage, die zur Stabilisierung der Nitrocellulose eingesetzt werden.For better absorption of the laser light, the igniter mixtures according to the invention optionally colored or with colored pigments be offset. The thermal stability can, if necessary, by the addition be improved by stabilizers. As such, for example, substances come in Question, which are used to stabilize the nitrocellulose.

Des weiteren können den erfindungsgemäßen Anzündmischungen zur Beeinflussung der Abbrandgeschwindigkeit Abbrandmoderatoren zugesetzt werden.Furthermore, the igniter mixtures according to the invention can be influenced the burning rate Abbrandmoderatoren be added.

Als Abbrandmoderatoren werden Stoffe oder ihre Gemische eingesetzt, die geeignet sind, durch heterogene oder homogene Katalyse den Abbrand und seine Geschwindigkeit zu beeinflussen. Moderatoren, die in Form einer heterogenen Katalyse in die Umsetzung eingreifen, sind Metalle, Metalloxide und/oder Metallkarbonate und/oder Metallsulfide. Als Metalle können vorzugsweise Bor, Silicium, Kupfer, Eisen, Titan, Zink oder Molybdän eingesetzt werden. Auch Kalziumkarbonat kann eingesetzt werden. Mischungen dieser Moderatoren können ebenfalls verwendet werden.As Abbrandmoderatoren substances or their mixtures are used, which are suitable are, by heterogeneous or homogeneous catalysis, the burnup and its To influence speed. Moderators in the form of a heterogeneous Catalysis in the reaction, are metals, metal oxides and / or metal carbonates and / or metal sulfides. As metals, preferably boron, silicon, Copper, iron, titanium, zinc or molybdenum can be used. Also calcium carbonate can be used. Mixtures of these moderators can also be used.

Moderatoren, die in Form einer homogenen Katalyse in die Umsetzung eingreifen, sind beispielsweise Schwefel, Kupfer-Resorcylate oder Ferrocen und seine Derivate. Diese Moderatoren werden durch die bei der Reaktion auftretenden Temperaturen verdampft und können so selbst oder als Folgeprodukte in die Reaktion eingreifen.Moderators who intervene in the implementation in the form of homogeneous catalysis, For example, sulfur, copper resorcylates or ferrocene and its Derivatives. These moderators are characterized by those occurring during the reaction Temperatures evaporate and can themselves or as secondary products in the Intervene reaction.

Zum Schutz gegen Umwelteinflüsse können die erfindungsgemäßen Anzündmischungen gegegebenfalls mit schützenden Mitteln behandelt oder beschichtet sein.To protect against environmental influences, the igniter mixtures according to the invention if necessary, treated or coated with protective agents be.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Anzündmischungen können vielfältig eingesetzt werden. Vorzugsweise werden sie verwendet zur Anzündung pyrotechnischer Gemische oder Sätze sowie von Treibladungen, die zur Auslösung schnellablaufender Vorgänge wie beispielsweise die Beschleunigung von Geschossen, das Eintreiben von Befestigungsmaterialien z.B. mit Hilfe von Bolzensetzgeräten oder auch das Aufblasen von Gassäcken (Airbags) oder zum Auslösen von Gurtstraffern in der Kraftfahrzeugsicherheit eingesetzt werden.The igniter mixtures according to the invention can be used in a variety of ways. Preferably, they are used to ignite pyrotechnic mixtures or propellant charges used to trigger fast-paced operations such as the acceleration of projectiles, the driving of fastening materials e.g. with the help of bolt guns or the Inflating airbags or releasing pretensioners in the airbag Automotive safety are used.

Die sicherheitstechnischen Kenndaten einiger der erfindungsgemäßen Anzündmischungen sind in Tabelle 2 dargestellt. Die Daten wurden nach den Methoden der Bundesanstalt für Materialprüfung ermittelt. Im Vergleich zum Primärexplosivstoff Bleitrinitroresorcinat werden bei den erfindungsgemäßen Anzündmitteln insbesondere die Reib- und Schlagempfindlichkeit deutlich verbessert.The safety characteristics of some of the primer mixtures according to the invention are shown in Table 2. The data were collected according to the methods of Federal Institute for Materials Testing. Compared to the primary explosive Bleitrinitroresorcinat be in the igniter according to the invention in particular the friction and impact sensitivity significantly improved.

Zur Abschätzung wichtiger Kenngrößen der erfindungsgemäßen Anzündmischungen, wie die bei der Reaktion freiwerdende Energie (Explosionswärme), der Druck, die Explosionstemperatur und die bei dieser Temperatur entstandenen Reaktionsprodukte wurde mit Hilfe eines thermodynamischen Rechenprogramms von den erfindungsgemäßen Anzündmischungen bei konstantem Volumen und einer Ladedichte von 0,1 g/cm3 eine adiabatisch ablaufende Reaktion gerechnet. Tabelle 3 zeigt die wichtigsten Daten der thermodynamischen Berechnung. Die für die Auslösung einer Reaktion erforderliche Zündenergie wurde experimentell ermittelt.In order to estimate important parameters of the igniter mixtures according to the invention, such as the energy released during the reaction (heat of explosion), the pressure, the explosion temperature and the reaction products formed at this temperature, a thermodynamic calculation program was used to determine the igniter mixtures according to the invention at constant volume and a charge density of 0, 1 g / cm 3 calculated an adiabatic reaction. Table 3 shows the most important data of the thermodynamic calculation. The ignition energy required to initiate a reaction was determined experimentally.

Die nachfolgenden Beispiele bzw. Vergleichsbeispiele sollen die Erfindung erläutern, ohne sie einzuschränken.The following examples and comparative examples are intended to illustrate the invention without restricting it.

Beispiele 1 bis 16:Examples 1 to 16:

Hergestellt werden die erfindungsgemäßen Anzündmischungen nach an sich bekannten Verfahren. Die einzelnen Komponenten werden in den in Tabelle 1 angegebenen Mischungsverhältnissen durch ein Sieb mit einer lichten Maschenweite von 0,2 mm gesiebt und in einem Taumelmischer 30 Minuten gemischt. Je 200 mg dieser Mischungen werden mit einer Preßkraft von 71 N/mm2 zu Tabletten mit einem Durchmesser von 6 mm verpreßt. Die so hergestellten Tabletten werden mit einem Laserstrahl (Wellenlänge 1.060 nm), einer Strahlenenergie von ca. 200 mJ und einer Pulslänge von 2,5 ms angezündet. Das Anzündverhalten ist in Tabelle 1 wiedergegeben.

Figure 00070001
Probe Druck [atm] T [K] ExW. [cal/g] Kondensatanteil [%/mol] Zündenergie [mJ] NPE 1109 2932 686 0 ≈ 10 NPE/KNO3 66,7/33,3 907,4 3073,5 672 7,5 160 NPE/ZnO2/Ti 45/50/5 1198 4146 978 14,6 ≈ 200 Schwarzpulver/NPE 75/25 430 2290 -179 11,6 ≈ 200 AZM O 9531/NPE 75/25 622 3265 615 52 ≈ 200 NPE/KNO3/B 50/40/10 843 3374 673 29 ≈ 90 NPE/ZnO2 66,7/33,3 1341 4044 1016 7 > 200 NPE/ZnO2/B 64,8/32,3/2,9 1194 3731 991 14 > 200 NPE/KNO3/B 64,8/32,3/2,9 1002 3382 752 2 ≈ 100 NC/KNO3 66,7/33,3 872 3282 883 11 keine Anzündung Bleitrinitroresorcinat 683 3639 550 10 ≈ 5 Explosivstoff Reibempfindlichkeit [N] Schlagempfindlichkeit [J] Verpuffungspunkt [°C] Bleitrinitroresorcinat 2 ≤ 0,025 280 AZM O 2956 ≥ 360 5 > 400 AZM O 9531 ≥ 360 4 > 400 Schwarzpulver ≥ 360 5 > 400 HITP (Basis Aminotetrazol) ≥ 360 15 - 50 > 400 NPE ≥ 360 7,5 > 260 NPE/ZnO2/Ti ≥ 360 15 230 NPE/ZnO2 240 20 235 NPE/KNO3 + 3% B 160 4 Zersetzung ab 230 PNP/KNO3 ≥ 360 10 293 PNP/KNO3/B ≥ 360 10 293 The igniter mixtures according to the invention are prepared by processes known per se. The individual components are sieved in the mixing ratios indicated in Table 1 through a sieve with a clear mesh size of 0.2 mm and mixed in a tumble mixer for 30 minutes. Each 200 mg of these mixtures are pressed with a pressing force of 71 N / mm 2 into tablets with a diameter of 6 mm. The tablets thus produced are ignited with a laser beam (wavelength 1,060 nm), a beam energy of about 200 mJ and a pulse length of 2.5 ms. The ignition behavior is shown in Table 1.
Figure 00070001
sample Pressure [atm] T [K] ExW. [cal / g] Condensate content [% / mol] Ignition energy [mJ] NPE 1109 2932 686 0 ≈ 10 NPE / KNO 3 66,7 / 33,3 907.4 3,073.5 672 7.5 160 NPE / ZnO 2 / Ti 45/50/5 1198 4146 978 14.6 ≈ 200 Black powder / NPE 75/25 430 2290 -179 11.6 ≈ 200 AZM O 9531 / NPE 75/25 622 3265 615 52 ≈ 200 NPE / KNO 3 / B 50/40/10 843 3374 673 29 ≈ 90 NPE / ZnO 2 66,7 / 33,3 1341 4044 1016 7 > 200 NPE / ZnO 2 / B 64.8 / 32.3 / 2.9 1194 3731 991 14 > 200 NPE / KNO 3 / B 64.8 / 32.3 / 2.9 1002 3382 752 2 ≈ 100 NC / KNO 3 66,7 / 33,3 872 3282 883 11 no ignition trinitroresorcinate 683 3639 550 10 ≈ 5 explosive Friction sensitivity [N] Blow sensitivity [J] Deflagration point [° C] trinitroresorcinate 2 ≤ 0.025 280 AZM O 2956 ≥ 360 5 > 400 AZM O 9531 ≥ 360 4 > 400 Black powder ≥ 360 5 > 400 HITP (base aminotetrazole) ≥ 360 15 - 50 > 400 NPE ≥ 360 7.5 > 260 NPE / ZnO 2 / Ti ≥ 360 15 230 NPE / ZnO 2 240 20 235 NPE / KNO 3 + 3% B 160 4 Decomposition from 230 PNP / KNO 3 ≥ 360 10 293 PNP / KNO 3 / B ≥ 360 10 293

Claims (8)

  1. Igniter agent containing conventional oxidising and reducing agents known per se, characterised in that it can be ignited by laser light and contains polynitropolyphenyl ether or polynitropolyphenylene or mixtures of these compounds.
  2. Igniter agent according to claim 1, characterised in that it additionally contains conventional oxidising agents, reducing agents, binders, combustion moderators, processing agents and/or compaction aids.
  3. Igniter agent according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the oxidising agent is selected from sulfur, from peroxides of alkali or alkaline earth metals, from zinc peroxide, from peroxodisulfates of the aforementioned elements and of ammonium, from nitrates of alkali and alkaline earth metals, in particular from lithium, sodium, potassium or strontium nitrate as well as ammonium nitrate, from oxohalogen compounds of alkali or alkaline earth metals or ammonium, in particular from potassium perchlorate or ammonium perchlorate or from mixtures of the aforementioned substances.
  4. Igniter agent according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the reducing agent is a metal selected from titanium, zirconium, aluminium, magnesium or cerium, a mixture of these metals, an alloy of these metals such as titanium/aluminium or cerium/magnesium, that it is carbon or boron, or that it is a mixture of the aforementioned agents.
  5. Igniter agent according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that it is pigmented or colouring pigments are added thereto.
  6. Igniter agent according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that as combustion moderators there are used substances or mixtures thereof that are capable, by heterogeneous or homogeneous catalysis, of influencing the combustion and its rate.
  7. Process for the production of the igniter agent according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the corresponding individual components are mixed and then compacted.
  8. Use of the igniter agent according to one or more of claims 1 to 6 for igniting pyrotechnical mixtures or batches as well as propellant charges.
EP97921748A 1996-04-26 1997-04-24 Firing mixtures Expired - Lifetime EP0894235B1 (en)

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DE19616627 1996-04-26
DE19616627A DE19616627A1 (en) 1996-04-26 1996-04-26 Kindling mixtures
PCT/EP1997/002104 WO1997041403A1 (en) 1996-04-26 1997-04-24 Firing mixtures

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EP0894235B1 true EP0894235B1 (en) 2005-09-07

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US20110162547A1 (en) 2011-07-07
US20100180787A1 (en) 2010-07-22
US20010054462A1 (en) 2001-12-27
US20070017612A1 (en) 2007-01-25
DE59712416D1 (en) 2005-10-13
ATE304156T1 (en) 2005-09-15
EP0894235A1 (en) 1999-02-03

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