KR100561952B1 - Slight-shock blasting composition - Google Patents
Slight-shock blasting composition Download PDFInfo
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- KR100561952B1 KR100561952B1 KR1020020055839A KR20020055839A KR100561952B1 KR 100561952 B1 KR100561952 B1 KR 100561952B1 KR 1020020055839 A KR1020020055839 A KR 1020020055839A KR 20020055839 A KR20020055839 A KR 20020055839A KR 100561952 B1 KR100561952 B1 KR 100561952B1
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000002828 nitro derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- XNKFCDGEFCOQOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dinitronaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C([N+]([O-])=O)C([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C21 XNKFCDGEFCOQOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WDCYWAQPCXBPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dinitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 WDCYWAQPCXBPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DYSXLQBUUOPLBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dinitrotoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1[N+]([O-])=O DYSXLQBUUOPLBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003721 gunpowder Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000025 natural resin Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011361 granulated particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910003023 Mg-Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- CRWJEUDFKNYSBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;hypobromite Chemical compound [Na+].Br[O-] CRWJEUDFKNYSBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B33/00—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide
- C06B33/08—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide with a nitrated organic compound
- C06B33/10—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide with a nitrated organic compound the compound being an aromatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
- C06B21/0066—Shaping the mixture by granulation, e.g. flaking
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C27/00—Machines which completely free the mineral from the seam
- E21C27/10—Machines which completely free the mineral from the seam by both slitting and breaking-down
- E21C27/14—Machines which completely free the mineral from the seam by both slitting and breaking-down breaking-down effected by force or pressure applied to side of slit, e.g. by wedges
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 화약을 사용하는 발파 현장 중, 저소음이나 미진동의 제어가 필요한 발파 현장에서 폭굉특성을 가진 일반 폭약류와 달리 밀폐된 발파공내에서 급격한 연소에 의한 팽창가스의 작용으로, 콘크리트 또는 암반을 파쇄시키는 미진동 파쇄제 및 조성물에 관한 것으로서, 그 조성물은 산소공급제의 활성 산소(산소량/분자량)가 0.25 - 0.50, 환원제로서 산화반응열이 130 - 400 kcal/mol, 가스 발생제로서 2 개 이하의 니트로기를 갖는 니트로 화합물, 첨가제로서 흑연 또는 미세한 암분 등을 함유하는 혼합 조성물을 합성수지 또는 천연수지의 바인더를 이용하여, 슬러리 상태로 혼화 반죽한 후 일정한 크기의 입자 형태로 조립하여 방수, 방습구조의 플라스틱 재질의 용기에 충전한 파쇄제 및 조성물로서, 화학적 안정성을 개선시켜 장기 저장성이 증가되고, 파쇄시의 폭발소음은 감소됨과 동시에 파쇄 위력을 증가시킨다. The present invention, unlike the general explosives having detonation characteristics in the blasting site using the gunpowder, low noise or micro-vibration control, by the action of the expansion gas by the rapid combustion in the closed blasting hole, crushing concrete or rock The present invention relates to a micro-pulverizing crushing agent and a composition, wherein the composition has an active oxygen (oxygen amount / molecular weight) of 0.25 to 0.50, a heat of oxidation reaction of 130 to 400 kcal / mol as a reducing agent, and no more than 2 as a gas generating agent. Nitro compound having a nitro group, mixed composition containing graphite or fine dark powder as an additive using a binder of synthetic resin or natural resin, mixed and kneaded in a slurry state, then assembled into particles of a certain size, waterproof, moisture-proof plastic As a crushing agent and composition filled in the container of the material, improve the chemical stability to increase long-term storage Explosion noise during crushing is reduced and crushing power is increased.
Description
본 발명은 미진동 파쇄제 및 그 조성물에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 밀폐된 발파공 내에서 급격한 연소에 의한 팽창가스의 작용으로 콘크리트 또는 암반을 파쇄시키는 미진동 파쇄제 및 그 조성물에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a microscopic pulverizing agent and a composition thereof, and more particularly, to a microscopic pulverizing agent and a composition for crushing concrete or rock by the action of the expansion gas by rapid combustion in a closed blast hole.
폭약을 사용하는 기존의 발파공법은 폭발 소음이 크고, 파편의 비산이 많아서 도심지 또는 인가가 인접한 곳에서는 발파에 제약이 따른다. 이러한 제약이 따르는 곳에서는 브레이커(breaker) 등을 이용한 기계적 파쇄가 이루어질 수 있는데, 이러한 기계적 파쇄는 소음이 계속되는 문제가 있으며, 또한 비용이 비싸게 소요되는 문제가 있다. Existing blasting method using explosives has a high explosion noise and scattering of debris, which is limited to blasting in the city center or the vicinity of license. Where such restrictions are followed, mechanical crushing can be done using a breaker, etc., such mechanical crushing has a problem that noise continues, and there is a problem that the cost is expensive.
이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서 미진동 파쇄 방법 및 파쇄제가 연구되어 왔다. 대한민국 특허출원 10-1989-0019249 에서는 폭약을 사용하면서 암반에 장입되는 폭약 캡슐의 하부에 폴리에틸렌으로된 유체튜브를 삽입하여 폭약폭발시 유체압에 의해 파쇄가 일어나도록 하는 방법이 제안되었다. 그러나 이 방법은 파쇄할 수 있는 암반의 부피가 극히 제한되어 사용에 문제가 있었으며, 또한 대한민국 특허 제 10- 249346 호, 제 10-239671 호, 제 10-283089 등에서도 통상의 화약을 사용 하면서 미진동 파쇄를 이루고자 하고 있으나, 여전히 화약을 사용하고 있어, 화약의 폭발력에 기인한 문제점이 완전히 해결될 수 없었다. In order to solve this problem, a micro vibration crushing method and a crushing agent have been studied. In Korean Patent Application No. 10-1989-0019249, a method of inserting a fluid tube made of polyethylene in the lower part of an explosive capsule, which is charged into a rock while using explosive, has been proposed to cause fracture by the fluid pressure during explosive explosion. However, this method has a problem in use because the volume of crushable rock is extremely limited, and also in the Republic of Korea Patent Nos. 10-249346, 10-239671, 10-283089, etc. While trying to achieve crushing, but still using gunpowder, the problem caused by the explosive power of the gunpowder could not be completely solved.
한편 미진동 파쇄를 위한 미진동 파쇄제의 개발도 있어왔다. 파쇄과정을 살펴보면, 발파공내에 파쇄제를 충전하고, 전색(메지)하여 밀폐상태를 유지시킨 상태에서, 점화가 일어난다. 점화에 의해서 파쇄제의 급격한 연소가 진행되는데, 이때 발생되는 고온의 연소가스의 팽창에 의해서 암반 등의 피파쇄제에 균열이 발생하게 된다. 이러한 연소반응은 혼합물 조성에 따라 차이는 있으나, 대략 10 - 50 ms 의 범위로 이루어지는데, 반응속도 측면에서 일반 화약류와 비교한다면 매우 완만한 속도이다. 또한, 혼합물중의 금속성분의 고온가스는 균열을 통하여 외부에 방출됨과 동시에 단열팽창에 의해서 상온까지 급속 냉각되어 고화됨으로서 파편의 비산이나 지나친 폭발음이 발생하지 않게 된다. Meanwhile, there has also been the development of microscopic pulverizers for microscopic crushing. Looking at the crushing process, ignition occurs in a state in which the crushing agent is filled in the blast hole and colored (magnetized) to maintain the sealed state. Rapid combustion of the crushing agent proceeds by ignition, and cracking occurs in the crushing agent such as a rock by the expansion of the hot combustion gas generated at this time. These combustion reactions vary depending on the composition of the mixture, but are in the range of about 10-50 ms, which is very slow compared to general explosives in terms of reaction rate. In addition, the hot gas of the metal component in the mixture is released to the outside through the crack and rapidly cooled to room temperature by the adiabatic expansion so as to be solidified so that no scattering of fragments or excessive explosion sound occurs.
그러나 이러한 기존의 미진동 파쇄제는 높은 연소열량에만 의지함으로서, 파쇄제 혼합물의 표면간에서만 급격한 연소가 전파되면서 공발현상(철포현상: 발파공내에서 화약의 급격한 연소에 의하여 메지를 불어내기만 하고 실제 파쇄효과는 없거나, 극히 미약한 현상)이 발생한다. 또한 파쇄제 표면만 급격히 연소 되고, 결과로 발파공내의 잔류약이 주변 온도에 의해서 점화되는 2 차 연소현상과 이에 의한 발파사고가 일어나는 문제점이 있다. 이외에도 파쇄제를 장기 저장할 경우 성능이 현저히 저하되는 문제가 있어 왔다. However, these conventional non-vibrating shredders rely only on high calorific heat, so that rapid combustion propagates only between the surfaces of the shredder mixture, and only blows the peg due to rapid combustion of gunpowder in the blast hole. There is no shredding effect or extremely weak phenomenon). In addition, only the surface of the crushing agent is rapidly burned, and as a result, a secondary combustion phenomenon in which the residual medicine in the blast hole is ignited by the ambient temperature, and there is a problem in that the blasting accident occurs. In addition, long-term storage of the crushing agent has a problem that the performance is significantly reduced.
본 발명은 파쇄제가 열역학적으로 완전 연소가 이루어지고, 또한 가스생성제 가 첨가되어 공발현상 및 2 차 연소현상이 제거되며, 발파공내에서 증가된 가스팽창력에 의해서 콘크리트 구조물과 경암질의 암반의 효과적인 파쇄가 가능한 미진동 및 저소음의 파쇄제 및 조성물을 제공하는 것이다. According to the present invention, the crushing agent is completely thermodynamically burned, and the gas generator is added to remove the co-occurrence and the secondary combustion phenomena, and the effective crushing of the concrete structure and the hard rock by the increased gas expansion force in the blast hole is achieved. It is to provide possible microscopic and low noise shredding agents and compositions.
본 발명은 활성 산소가 0.20 - 0.50 인 산화제, 산화 반응열이 130 - 400 kcal/mol 인 금속환원제, 2 개 이하의 니트로기를 가지는 니트로화합물인 가스발생제, 및 균일화제를 포함하는 미진동 파쇄제 조성물을 제공한다. The present invention relates to a micro-pulverizing crushing agent composition comprising an oxidizing agent having an active oxygen of 0.20 to 0.50, a metal reducing agent having a heat of oxidation reaction of 130 to 400 kcal / mol, a gas generator which is a nitro compound having two or less nitro groups, and a homogenizing agent. To provide.
본 발명의 미진동 파쇄제 조성물에 있어서, 상기 산화제는 조성물에 충분한 산소를 공급하기 위해서 활성산소가 0.25 - 0.50 의 범위인 것이 바람직하다. 상기 활성산소가 0.25 - 0.5 인 산화제는 KNO3, KClO4, KClO3, Ba(NO3 )2, MnO2, NaBrO3, Fe2O3, KBrO3, CuO, BaO2, PbO2, Pb3O 4 등을 사용하는 것이 바람직하다. 각 산화제의 활성산소는 하기의 표 1 에 기재되어 있다. In the micro-pulverizing crushing agent composition of the present invention, the oxidizing agent preferably has an active oxygen in the range of 0.25-0.50 to supply sufficient oxygen to the composition. The oxidizing agent having an active oxygen of 0.25-0.5 is KNO 3 , KClO 4 , KClO 3 , Ba (NO 3 ) 2 , MnO 2 , NaBrO 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , KBrO 3 , CuO, BaO 2 , PbO 2 , Pb 3 It is preferable to use O 4 or the like. The active oxygen of each oxidant is shown in Table 1 below.
상기 미진동 파쇄제 조성물은 금속환원제를 포함하는데, 포함된 금속환원제는 점화가 용이하게 이루어지고, 연소시 열량이 높아서 전체 연소반응이 가속되도 록 하여야 한다. 이를 위해서 금속환원제는 높은 산화반응열을 가지는 것이 바람직하며, 130 - 400 kcal/mol 의 산화반응열을 가지는 것이 특히 바람직하다. 이러한 산화반응열을 가지는 금속환원제에는 Al, Mg-Al, B, Zr, Ti, Si, Mg 등이 있으며, 각 금속환원제의 산화반응열은 표 2 에 기재되어 있다. The micro-pulverizing crushing agent composition includes a metal reducing agent, the metal reducing agent included should be easy to ignite, the amount of heat during combustion should be accelerated the entire combustion reaction. For this purpose, the metal reducing agent preferably has a high heat of oxidation, and particularly preferably has a heat of oxidation of 130 to 400 kcal / mol. Metal reducing agents having such heat of oxidation include Al, Mg-Al, B, Zr, Ti, Si, Mg, and the like. The heat of oxidation of each metal reducing agent is shown in Table 2.
상기 미진동 파쇄제 조성물은 가스발생제를 포함하며, 상기 가스 발생제는 다량의 가스를 발생시켜 파쇄대상물인 콘크리트 구조물 또는 암반의 파쇄효과를 증대 시킬 수 있도록 하기 위해서 비화약류를 사용하는 것이 바람직하다. 상기 비화약류 가스발생제 중에서는 분해온도가 비교적 낮고, 니트로기(-NO2) 가 2 개 이하인 니트로화합물이 바람직하다(니트로기가 3 개 이상인 니트로화합물은 화약류로 분류되며, 급격한 폭팔성을 나타낸다). 상기의 니트로기가 2 개 이하인 화합물로는 2, 4-DNT(디니트로톨루엔, C7H6N2O4), 디니트로나프탈렌(C10 H6N2O4), 디니트로벤젠 (C6H4N2O4) 등으로 이루어진 그룹에서 하나이상 선택될 수 있다. The non-vibrating crushing agent composition includes a gas generating agent, and the gas generating agent preferably uses non-explosives to generate a large amount of gas so as to increase the crushing effect of the concrete structure or rock to be crushed. . Among the non-explosive gas generators, nitro compounds having a relatively low decomposition temperature and two or less nitro groups (-NO2) are preferable (nitro compounds having three or more nitro groups are classified as explosives and exhibit rapid explosiveness). Examples of the compound having two or less nitro groups include 2, 4-DNT (dinitrotoluene, C 7 H 6 N 2 O 4 ), dinitronaphthalene (C 10 H 6 N 2 O 4 ), and dinitrobenzene (C 6 H 4 N 2 O 4 ) and the like can be selected from one or more groups.
상기 미진동 파쇄제 조성물은 균일화제를 포함하는데, 포함된 상기 균일화제는 건상 혼합물의 연소속도 및 비중을 균일하게 한다. 이러한 균일화제에는 흑연 또는 미세한 암분을 사용하는 것이 바람직하다. The microvibratory crushing agent composition comprises a homogenizing agent, wherein the homogenizing agent included makes the burning rate and specific gravity of the dry mixture uniform. It is preferable to use graphite or fine dark powder for such a homogenizing agent.
상기 미진동 파쇄제 조성물은 상기와 같이 산화제, 금속환원제, 가스발생제 및 균일화제를 포함하는데, 상기 조성물의 조성은 조성물의 연소 속도, 가스발생량, 탄동구포 및 콘크리트 파쇄위력을 고려하여 결정되는 것이 바람직하며, 산화제 40 - 75 중량 %, 금속환원제 0.5 - 30 중량 %, 가스발생제 5 - 25 중량 %, 균일화제는 10 - 33 중량 % 를 포함하는 것이 바람직하다. The micro-pulverizing crushing agent composition includes an oxidizing agent, a metal reducing agent, a gas generating agent and a homogenizing agent as described above, wherein the composition of the composition is determined in consideration of the combustion rate, gas generation amount, ballistic ball and concrete crushing force of the composition. Preferably, the oxidizing agent 40-75% by weight, the metal reducing agent 0.5-30% by weight, the gas generating agent 5-25% by weight, the homogenizing agent preferably comprises 10-33% by weight.
연소특성을 가지는 상기의 미진동 파쇄제 조성물은 열역학적 반응 특성 및 이상적인 연소를 가정할 경우에, 하기 표 3에서와 같이 연소열의 계산이 가능하다. The micro-pulverizing crushing agent composition having the combustion characteristics, when assuming thermodynamic reaction characteristics and ideal combustion, it is possible to calculate the heat of combustion as shown in Table 3 below.
상기 표3 과 같이, 각 반응식은 이상적인 반응을 가정한 상태에서 추정하였고, 이를 바탕으로 화학양론(Stoichimetric chemistry)적으로 혼합물 조성을 결정함에 따라, 혼합물 구성이 동일한 경우에는, 상기의 혼합물 조성이 가장 이상적인 연소를 할 수 있는 조성이라고 할 수 있다.As shown in Table 3, each reaction equation was estimated under the assumption that the ideal reaction, and based on this stoichiometric chemistry to determine the mixture composition, when the mixture composition is the same, the mixture composition is the most ideal It can be said that it is the composition which can burn.
표3 의 각각의 혼합 구성물은, 산화제와 환원제로 구성된 경우, 산화제의 활성산소가 각각 다른 경우, 환원제의 산화반응열이 다른 경우, 산화제와 환원제 이외에 가스 생성제를 포함한 첨가제를 투입한 경우 등에 대하여, 각각의 연소특성을 비교하기 위한 것이다. Each mixed component of Table 3 is composed of an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent, a case in which the active oxygen of the oxidizing agent is different, a heat of oxidation reaction of the reducing agent is different, an additive including a gas generating agent in addition to the oxidizing agent and the reducing agent, and the like. To compare the characteristics of each combustion.
상기의 산화제, 금속환원제, 가스발생제 및 균일화제를 포함하는 미진동 파쇄제 조성물은 바인더를 이용하여 조립화 될 수 있다. 바인더는 미진동 파쇄제 조성물의 0.5 - 5 중량% 를 사용하여 조립화 하는 것이 바람직하다. 조립된 입자의 크기는 직경이 0. 5 - 3 mm 로 조립화 되는 것이 바람직하다. 바인더와 미진동 파쇄제 조성물은 혼화된 생성물이 균일하도록 혼화되는 것이 바람직하며, 본원 발명이 속하는 분야에서 통상의 혼화기를 사용할 수 있으며, 제한은 없다. 상기 조립화된 미진동 파쇄제 조성물에 사용하는 바인더로는 스타이렌부타디엔고무, 폴리비닐알코올, 카르복시메틸셀루로스 등을 사용하는 것이 바람직하며, 스타이렌부타디엔고무를 사용하는 것이 가장 바람직하다. The non-vibrating crushing agent composition including the oxidizing agent, the metal reducing agent, the gas generating agent and the homogenizing agent may be granulated using a binder. The binder is preferably granulated using 0.5-5% by weight of the microvibration crusher composition. The size of the granulated particles is preferably granulated with a diameter of 0.5-3 mm. It is preferable that the binder and the micro-pulverizing crushing agent composition are mixed so that the mixed product is uniform, and a conventional admixture may be used in the field to which the present invention belongs, but there is no limitation. As the binder to be used in the granulated fine vibration crushing agent composition, styrene butadiene rubber, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, or the like is preferably used, and styrene butadiene rubber is most preferably used.
상기의 조립화된 미진동 파쇄제 조성물은 방수 방습을 위해서 플라스틱 용기에 충전하여 미진동 파쇄제로 사용하는 것이 바람직하다. 상기 플라스틱 용기는 폴리에틸렌 재질로 이루어지는 것이 바람직하며, 상기 용기는 점화구가 결합된 두껑과 몸체로 이루어진 형태로 사용되는 것이 가장 바람직하다. The granulated microscopic pulverizer composition as described above is preferably used as a microscopic pulverizer by filling in a plastic container for waterproof and moisture proof. Preferably, the plastic container is made of polyethylene, and the container is most preferably used in the form of a lid and a body to which an ignition port is coupled.
[실시예]EXAMPLE
실시예 1 Example 1
미진동 파쇄제 조성물의 성능시험Performance Test of Microvibration Shredding Agent Composition
표 4 에 기재된 조성으로(합계 100) 이루어진 각각의 조성물에 파쇄제 조성물에 3 중량 % 의 스타이렌부타디엔고무 바인더 3 % 를 혼합하고, 혼화기로 20 분간 혼화하였다. 혼화되어 조립화된 입자 조성물을 이용하여 연소속도, 가스발생량, 탄동구포위력 및 콘크리트 파쇄위력을 측정하였다. 3% by weight of 3% by weight of styrenebutadiene rubber binder was mixed with the crushing agent composition to each of the compositions having the composition shown in Table 4 (total 100), and mixed with a mixer for 20 minutes. Combustion rate, gas generation amount, ballistic ball entrapment force and concrete crushing force were measured using the mixed and granulated particle composition.
주1) 연소속도 측정방법: 아래그림참조Note 1) How to measure the burn rate: See the figure below.
그림1Figure 1
주2) Gas 발생량 측정방법 : Note 2) Gas generation measurement method:
●시험장비 : 용적 150ℓ의 탱크에 고무호스를 U자형으로 연결,양쪽 고무호스의 수위가 동일하게 물을 채운다음, 시험후 고무호스의 수위차에 의한 탱크내부의 압력변화를 측정하는 마노메터(Manometer) 원리를 이용하여, 가스 발생량을 측정함.(시료량 :30 g) Test equipment: Connect a rubber hose to a tank of volume 150ℓ in a U-shape, fill the water level of both rubber hoses equally, and then measure the pressure change inside the tank by the difference in the level of rubber hoses after the test. Using the principle of manometer, the gas generation amount is measured (sample amount: 30 g).
가스 발생량 = 150 ℓ× ( 1 atm + 수위차×2 /1033 ㎜H₂O) - 150 ℓ ● 시료 처리 : 시료 특성상 연소속도가 느림에 따라 컨파인메트(confinemet)가 좋지 않을경우, 점화시에 시료가 비산되어 완전연소가 되지 않음으로, 그림과 같이 시료를 밀폐 처리하여 완전 연소가 되도록 함.Gas generation amount = 150 ℓ × (1 atm + water level difference × 2/1033 ㎜H₂O)-150 ℓ ● Sample processing: When the confinemet is not good due to the slow combustion rate due to the characteristics of the sample, Because it is not scattered and not completely burned, the sample is sealed to ensure complete combustion as shown in the figure.
그림2Figure 2
주3) 탄동구포위력 측정법 : 기준약은 TNT 10g으로 하고, 시료는 20g 으로 하여, KS M 4802 3.4.1항에 따라 측정함. Note 3) Method for measuring ballistic ball force: Measured according to KS M 4802 3.4.1 with reference drug as TNT 10g and sample as 20g.
주4) 콘크리트 파쇄위력 : 가로,세로,높이가 1m 인 무철근 콘크리트 중앙에 깊이 Φ지름 30mm, 깊이40cm의 구멍을 뚫고, 시료 30g 을 장전하여 점화시켰을때, 파쇄된 콘크리트(가로,세로 약 10cm 이상 크기)갯수, 파편 비산거리 등을 측정함. Note 4) Concrete crushing power: crushed concrete (horizontal, vertically about 10cm) when a hole with a depth of Φ 30mm and a depth of 40cm is drilled in the center of non-reinforced concrete with width, length, and height of 1m and loaded with 30g of sample. Ideal size) measures the number of pieces, the flying distance of fragments, etc.
상기 표4 의 시험결과에서, 시료NO.1과 2번은 산화제의 활성 산소나, 환원제의 산화반응열이 극히 낮은 것을 사용한 경우에는 파쇄력이 거의 없음을 나타내며, 시료 NO.3과 4는 활성산소가 양호한 산화제와 산화반응열이 높은 환원제만을 혼합한 경우, 급격한 연소속도로 인하여 높은 소음과 동시에 철포현상이 발생하였고, 가스발생량이 적어, 파쇄효과는 미흡하게 나타났으며, 시료 NO.5와 6은 가스생성제를 포함한 연소 첨가제를 함유하고 있으나, 활성 산소가 낮은 산화제를 적용함으로써, 혼합물이 분해하는데 필요한 적절한 양의 산소가 공급되지 않아, 극히 완만하게 분해반응이 이루어 진 것이고, 시료 NO.7∼9 는 산화제 및 환원제, 연소안정제는 양호하나, 가스생성제가 첨가되지 않아서, 파쇄위력이 다소 약하게 나타났으며, 시료 No.10∼12는 가스생성제(니트로기가 2개 이하인 니트로화합물)를 첨가함으로써, 시료 NO.7∼9보다 상대적으로 파쇄위력이 현격히 증가되는 것으로 나타났다.In the test results of Table 4, Sample No. 1 and No. 2 indicate that there was almost no crushing force when the active oxygen of the oxidizing agent or the heat of oxidation of the reducing agent was extremely low, and the samples NO. In case of mixing only good oxidizing agent and reducing agent with high heat of oxidation reaction, due to the rapid combustion speed, iron phenomena occurred at the same time with high noise, and the gas generation amount was small, so that the crushing effect was insufficient, and samples NO.5 and 6 were gas It contains a combustion additive including a generating agent, but by applying an oxidizing agent having low active oxygen, the decomposition reaction is extremely gentle because the proper amount of oxygen necessary for the mixture is not supplied. The oxidizing agent, the reducing agent, and the combustion stabilizer were good, but the gas generating agent was not added, so that the crushing power was somewhat weak. Generator (not more than two nitro groups are nitro compounds) showed that, relative crushing power increased significantly more by the addition of a sample NO.7~9.
실시예 2Example 2
미진동 파쇄제 조성물의 안정성 비교Comparison of Stability of Microwave Crusher Compositions
하기의 표 5 에 기재된 조성(합계 100)으로 이루어진 각각의 조성물에 대해서 발화점, 낙추감도, 마찰감도를 측정하여 각각의 조성물에 대한 안정성을 측정하였다. For each composition consisting of the composition (total 100) described in Table 5 below, the ignition point, the fall sensitivity, and the frictional sensitivity were measured to determine stability for each composition.
주)발화점은 정온가열식, 낙추감도는 KSM 4802 3.2.1항, 마찰감도는 KSM 4802 3.2.3항에 따라 실시Note) The firing point is a constant temperature heating type, the fall sensitivity is conducted in accordance with KSM 4802 Clause 3.2.1, and the frictional sensitivity is conducted in accordance with KSM 4802 Clause 3.2.3.
상기 표5 와 같이 각 시료에 대한 안전도를 평가하기위한 감도시험을 실시한 결과, 모든 시료의 화염감도 및 충격감도가 둔감한 값으로 측정됨에 따라, 취급 및 사용시상의 안전성은 확보된 것으로 나타났다.As a result of the sensitivity test for evaluating the safety of each sample as shown in Table 5, the flame sensitivity and the impact sensitivity of all the samples were measured as insensitive values, indicating that the safety of handling and use was ensured.
실시예 3Example 3
미진동 파쇄제 조성물의 적용시험Application test of micro vibration crushing agent composition
하기의 표 6 에 기재된 조성(합계 100)으로 이루어진 각각의 조성물에 파쇄제 조성물에 3 중량 % 의 스타이렌부타디엔고무 바인더 3 % 를 혼합하고, 혼화기로 20 분간 혼화하였다. 혼화되어 조립화된 입자 조성물을 이용하여 각종암석에 대해서 철포발생여무, 발파진동, 발파소음, 잔류약 유무를 확인하였다. To each composition consisting of the composition (total 100) shown in Table 6 below, 3% by weight of 3% by weight of styrene-butadiene rubber binder was mixed with the crushing agent composition, and mixed with a mixer for 20 minutes. Using the mixed and granulated particle composition, it was confirmed whether iron outbreak, blasting vibration, blasting noise, and residual drug for various rocks.
상기 표6 의 산화제 종류별로 표3 에 나타낸 조성을 응용하여 시료를 제조하여, 발파현장에서 적용시험을 실시한 결과, 시료A의 경우가 발파소음이 다소 큰 것을 제외하고, 파쇄효과, 진동치 및 발파소음 모두 양호하게 나타남을 확인 하였다. Samples were prepared by applying the composition shown in Table 3 for each type of oxidizing agent in Table 6, and the application test was carried out at the blasting site. As a result, the blasting noise, the vibration value, and the blasting noise were excluded in the case of Sample A. All were confirmed to be good.
본 발명에 따라 제공된 미진동 파쇄제 조성물은 화학적 안정성이 증가되었고, 또 파쇄시에 폭발소음 및 진동이 현격히 감소됨과 동시에 콘크리트를 포함하는 경암을 파쇄할 수 있는 위력을 가짐으로서, 진동 및 소음을 규제하는 발파장소에서도 사용이 가능하다. The micro-vibration crusher composition provided according to the present invention has increased chemical stability, significantly reduced explosion noise and vibration during crushing, and at the same time has the power to crush hard rock including concrete, thereby regulating vibration and noise. It can be used in blasting places.
또한 이러한 미진동 파쇄제 조성물은 그 취급 및 사용시에 있어서 높은 안정성을 나타낸다. In addition, such micro-pulverizing crushing agent compositions exhibit high stability in its handling and use.
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KR101143324B1 (en) | 2009-04-20 | 2012-05-09 | 주식회사 기술나라 | The rubber tube for crushing a base rock |
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KR20060047086A (en) * | 2004-11-15 | 2006-05-18 | 주식회사 스웰테크 | Expansive cell composition for an electric rock destruction |
KR102473077B1 (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-11-30 | 지에스건설 주식회사 | A non-vibration crushing agent composition ignited with gunpowder and a method of manufacturing the same |
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US4231822A (en) * | 1978-12-18 | 1980-11-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Non-polluting process for desensitizing explosives |
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