EP0892122B1 - Lightweight metal dimple panel and method of manufacture - Google Patents

Lightweight metal dimple panel and method of manufacture Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0892122B1
EP0892122B1 EP98111848A EP98111848A EP0892122B1 EP 0892122 B1 EP0892122 B1 EP 0892122B1 EP 98111848 A EP98111848 A EP 98111848A EP 98111848 A EP98111848 A EP 98111848A EP 0892122 B1 EP0892122 B1 EP 0892122B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate
hump
light structural
structural steel
steel plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98111848A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0892122A2 (en
EP0892122A3 (en
Inventor
Friederich Prof.Dr.-Ing. Behr
Klaus Dipl.-Ing. Blümel
Hans Dr.-Ing. Pircher
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ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
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ThyssenKrupp Stahl AG
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Publication of EP0892122A3 publication Critical patent/EP0892122A3/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/32—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure formed of corrugated or otherwise indented sheet-like material; composed of such layers with or without layers of flat sheet-like material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12347—Plural layers discontinuously bonded [e.g., spot-weld, mechanical fastener, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/1241—Nonplanar uniform thickness or nonlinear uniform diameter [e.g., L-shape]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12736—Al-base component
    • Y10T428/1275—Next to Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12757—Fe

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lightweight metal plate in Shape of a cusp plate made of a compression molded Bump plate and one on the end faces of the bump flat sheet metal bonded.
  • Lightweight metal panels come in different shapes, especially as hollow shelves and as bump panels known.
  • Hollow compartment panels and cusp panels consist of outer cover plates and arranged in between Spacers of various types. In such Depending on the load, lightweight panels work one way outer cover plate as tension belt and the other as Compression chord.
  • Such lightweight boards have compared to massive plates with the same basis weight a higher Flexural and buckling stiffness. They are therefore considered load-bearing components for walkable floor slabs or Road slabs, but also used for walls.
  • Known hollow shelves made of aluminum or steel consist of outer cover plates and arranged in between as spacers, only in one Continuous webs running in the direction of the Cover plates are firmly connected.
  • aluminum cover plates and webs are in one piece extruded.
  • With a hollow shelf made of steel the webs of trapezoidal sheets folded in a zigzag shape formed, which are welded to the cover plates.
  • bump plates made of steel or aluminum are characterized by that they consist exclusively of two interconnected Cover plates exist, of which at least one plate as Bump plate is formed.
  • This bump sheet can be on the hump end faces of a similar hump plate or connected with a flat sheet.
  • the advantage of such a bump plate is that it has the same buckling stiffness in all directions.
  • the ratio of weight to is unfavorable Bending stiffness or buckling stiffness (see also DE 19503166A).
  • the invention has for its object a Lightweight metal plate in the form of a cusp plate create a good with a low basis weight Flexural rigidity in the x and y direction of the plate plane and has good buckling stiffness.
  • the material-specific advantages of aluminum and steel exploited to get a lightweight board compared to their basis weight conventional lightweight panels only made of steel or only made of aluminum has improved bending stiffness and Has stiffness.
  • the lightweight board is loaded from the side of the flat sheet is for resistance against buckling the moment of inertia of the Flat sheet decisive. The moment of inertia is over the higher, the thicker the flat sheet is dimensioned.
  • the use of a flat sheet made of aluminum advantageous because it has the same basis weight much thicker than a flat sheet made of steel can be dimensioned.
  • the Bump distance in the lightweight panels according to the invention compared to cusp plates exclusively made of steel be about 6 times bigger, forming an overall larger area moment of inertia to stiffen the Tension belt leads.
  • less material is made from the Sheet steel pressed out to form the humps and the Number and area of the necessary connection points will be kept comparatively low. Because of this minor Area share of the cusps in the total area of the Bump plate is the tensile strength of the Bump plates are not compared to flat plates significantly impaired.
  • the steel hump plate is subjected to tensile stress and steel a lot compared to aluminum has a higher modulus of elasticity is also a higher one Buckling stiffness of the lightweight board according to the invention in Compared to an existing one only as aluminum Lightweight board guaranteed. Because of the good Deformability and the high modulus of elasticity of steel also pressing the humps is no problem. Through the special combination of different materials Aluminum and steel on the hump end faces is also ensures that without affecting the Material properties of the flat sheet and the bump sheet stay stiff and firmly connected in the long run.
  • connection between steel and Aluminum can continue in various ways be improved. According to an embodiment of the invention it is envisaged that the steel hump plate on its Connection side is galvanized. This also makes the prevents so-called crevice corrosion. Alternatively or in addition, the connection can also be form-fitting. In particular, the positive connection of the connection of in Engaging parallel grooves and ribs of the Sheets are formed.
  • the bumps a trapezoidal cross section and are longer than wide.
  • the lightweight board can be the cavity between the Sheets filled with a dimensionally stable filling material his. These are preferably foam materials or Hollow body with plastic binding.
  • a steel sheet thickness greater than 1.3 / 3 d Al can also be used to produce fanning out of rectangular frame constructions. In this case, in the case of elongated cusps, the longitudinal axis of the cusps should run in the direction of the smaller frame distance.
  • the ratio of the connected area (cusp face) to the total area should be 5 - 13%.
  • the mutual distance a of the humps at half height should be 8 - 12 times the distance of the sheets h.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing a lightweight board according to claim 1.
  • a method for producing a lightweight board according to claim 1 is in accordance with the invention characterized in that the steel Bump plate and / or aluminum Flat sheet limited locally to that on the Cusp face surfaces to be joined surface area activated by heating with laser radiation, but not are melted and in this state both sheets be connected to each other by pressure.
  • the Connection under pressure is preferably made by Roll joining, as is known per se (DE 19 502 140 C1), but in particular the subject of an older German Patent application is (DE 19640612C1).
  • a Form-locking connection through plastic deformation of the Flat sheets made of aluminum can be achieved.
  • the Flat aluminum sheet in the cusp ribs to be embossed which is in the flat sheet Push.
  • the lightweight construction panel shown in FIG. 1 consists of a steel hump plate 1 with a multiplicity of elongated humps 2, oval in plan and trapezoidal in cross section, and a flat plate 3 made of aluminum.
  • the hump plate 1 is preferably galvanized on its side facing the flat plate 3.
  • the positive connection is brought about by the intermeshing of ribs and grooves of the hump end faces and the flat plate 3, the outer side of the flat plate 3 facing away from the hump plate 1 being flat.
  • the cusp ends have a length D x and a width D y .
  • the distances between the centers of adjacent cusps in the direction of the x-axis are l x and in the direction of the y-axis l y .
  • the distance between adjacent bumps 2 at half the bump height in the direction of the y-axis is a.
  • the bump sheet 1 has a thickness d St
  • the flat sheet 3 has a thickness d Al .
  • the cavity height between the two sheets 1.3 is h.
  • the flat sheet 3 made of aluminum is considerably thicker than the bump sheet 1 made of steel in order to be able to cope with the operational stresses.
  • Such a lightweight board is usually loaded so that the thicker flat sheet 3 made of aluminum acts as a compression belt and the thinner hump sheet 1 made of steel acts as a tension belt.
  • the lightweight board is manufactured in such a way that the molded bump plate 1 of a rolling stage is supplied, as shown in Figures 2 and 3.
  • the surfaces of the flat end faces of the bumps 2 with a laser beam 5 activated. It must not melt or even to evaporation on the surface, such as the Zinc coating, come.
  • Lasers can be gas lasers or solid state lasers, because of that high power, especially diode lasers, used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Leichtbauplatte aus Metall in Form einer Höckerplatte aus einém formgepreßten Höckerblech und einem damit an den Höckerstirnflächen stoffschlüssig verbundenen Flachblech.The invention relates to a lightweight metal plate in Shape of a cusp plate made of a compression molded Bump plate and one on the end faces of the bump flat sheet metal bonded.

Leichtbauplatten aus Metall sind in verschiedenen Formen, insbesondere als Hohlfachplatten und als Höckerplatten bekannt. Hohlfachplatten und Höckerplatten bestehen aus äußeren Deckblechen sowie dazwischen angeordneten Abstandshaltern unterschiedlichster Bauart. Bei solchen Leichtbauplatten wirken je nach Belastungsfall das eine äußere Deckblech als Zuggurt und das andere als Druckgurt. Solche Leichtbauplatten haben im Vergleich zu massiven Platten bei gleichem Flächengewicht eine höhere Biege- und Beulsteifigkeit. Sie werden deshalb als tragende Bauteile für begehbare Bodenplatten oder Fahrbahnplatten, aber auch für Wände eingesetzt.Lightweight metal panels come in different shapes, especially as hollow shelves and as bump panels known. Hollow compartment panels and cusp panels consist of outer cover plates and arranged in between Spacers of various types. In such Depending on the load, lightweight panels work one way outer cover plate as tension belt and the other as Compression chord. Such lightweight boards have compared to massive plates with the same basis weight a higher Flexural and buckling stiffness. They are therefore considered load-bearing components for walkable floor slabs or Road slabs, but also used for walls.

Bekannte Hohlfachplatten aus Aluminium oder Stahl (Techn. Mitt. Krupp, Werksberichte, Band 32 (1974) H.1, S.1-14, insbesondere S. 5,6) bestehen aus äußeren Deckblechen und dazwischen als Abstandshalter angeordneten, nur in einer Richtung verlaufenden, durchgehenden Stegen, die mit den Deckblechen fest verbunden sind. Bei einer Hohlfachplatte aus Aluminium sind Deckbleche und Stege einstückig stranggepreßt. Bei einer Hohlfachplatte aus Stahl werden die Stege von zickzackförmig gekanteten Trapezblechen gebildet, die mit den Deckblechen verschweißt sind.Known hollow shelves made of aluminum or steel (techn. Mitt. Krupp, company reports, volume 32 (1974) H.1, S.1-14, in particular p. 5,6) consist of outer cover plates and arranged in between as spacers, only in one Continuous webs running in the direction of the Cover plates are firmly connected. With a hollow shelf aluminum cover plates and webs are in one piece extruded. With a hollow shelf made of steel the webs of trapezoidal sheets folded in a zigzag shape formed, which are welded to the cover plates.

Solche Hohlfachplatten aus Aluminium oder Stahl haben zwar eine hohe Biegesteifigkeit in Längsrichtung der Stege, aber eine kleine Biegesteifigkeit quer zur Längsrichtung der Stege. Da deshalb ihre Beulsteifigkeit nicht besonders hoch ist, eignen sie sich nicht als Flächentragwerk.Have such hollow shelves made of aluminum or steel although a high bending stiffness in the longitudinal direction Bridges, but a little bending stiffness across Longitudinal direction of the webs. Because of that their stiffness is not particularly high, they are not suitable as Tensile structure.

Andere bekannte Höckerplatten aus Stahl oder Aluminium (Techn.Mitt. Krupp, Werksberichte, Band 32 (1974) H.1, S.1-14, insbesondere S.2,3) sind dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie ausschließlich aus zwei miteinander verbundenen Deckblechen bestehen, von denen mindestens ein Blech als Höckerblech ausgebildet ist. Dieses Höckerblech kann an den Höckerstirnflächen eines gleichartigen Höckerbleches oder aber mit einem Flachblech verbunden sein. Der Vorteil einer solchen Höckerplatte besteht darin, daß sie in allen Richtungen die gleiche Beulsteifigkeit hat. Ungünstig ist jedoch das Verhältnis von Gewicht zu Biegesteifigkeit bzw. Beulsteifigkeit (vgl. auch DE 19503166A).Other known bump plates made of steel or aluminum (Techn.Mitt. Krupp, company reports, volume 32 (1974) H.1, S.1-14, especially S.2.3) are characterized by that they consist exclusively of two interconnected Cover plates exist, of which at least one plate as Bump plate is formed. This bump sheet can be on the hump end faces of a similar hump plate or connected with a flat sheet. The The advantage of such a bump plate is that it has the same buckling stiffness in all directions. However, the ratio of weight to is unfavorable Bending stiffness or buckling stiffness (see also DE 19503166A).

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Leichtbauplatte aus Metall in Form einer Höckerplatte zu schaffen, die bei einem geringen Flächengewicht eine gute Biegesteifigkeit in x- und y-Richtung der Plattenebene und eine gute Beulsteifigkeit besitzt.The invention has for its object a Lightweight metal plate in the form of a cusp plate create a good with a low basis weight Flexural rigidity in the x and y direction of the plate plane and has good buckling stiffness.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Leichtbauplatte der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, daß das Flachblech aus Aluminium und das Höckerblech aus Stahl bestehen und die stoffschlüssige Verbindung eine unter Wärmeeinwirkung ohne Schmelzphase hergestellte metallische Verbindung ist mit einer Schub- und Scherfestigkeit von mehr als 15 N/mm2. This object is achieved in a lightweight board of the type mentioned in that the flat sheet made of aluminum and the hump sheet made of steel and the material connection is a metallic connection made under the influence of heat without melting phase with a shear and shear strength of more than 15 N / mm 2nd

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Leichtbauplatte werden die materialspezifischen Vorteile von Aluminium und Stahl ausgenutzt, um zu einer Leichtbauplatte zu kommen, die in bezug auf ihr Flächengewicht im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Leichtbauplatten nur aus Stahl oder nur aus Aluminium eine verbesserte Biegesteifigkeit und Beulsteifigkeit hat. Bei Belastung der Leichtbauplatte von der Seite des Flachbleches ist für den Widerstand gegen Einknicken das Flächenträgheitsmoment des Flachbleches maßgebend. Das Flächenträgheitsmoment ist um so höher, je dicker das Flachblech dimensioniert ist. Somit ist der Einsatz eines Flachbleches aus Aluminium vorteilhaft, weil es bei gleichem Flächengewicht wesentlich dicker als ein Flachblech aus Stahl dimensioniert sein kann. Deshalb knickt die erfindungsgemäße Leichtbauplatte erst bei wesentlich höheren Lasten als eine Leichtbauplatte gleichen Flächengewichtes mit einem Abdeckblech aus Stahl als Druckgurt unter Bildung eines Knickes des Druckgurtes zwischen den Verbindungspunkten. Daher kann auch der Höckerabstand bei den erfindungsgemäßen Leichtbauplatten im Vergleich zu Höckerplatten ausschließlich aus Stahl etwa 6 mal größer sein, was unter Bildung eines insgesamt größeren Flächenträgheitsmomentes zur Versteifung des Zuggurtes führt. Somit wird weniger Material aus dem Stahlblech zur Formung der Höcker herausgepreßt und die Zahl und Fläche der notwendigen Verbindungsstellen wird vergleichsweise gering gehalten. Wegen dieses geringen Flächenanteils der Höcker an der Gesamtfläche des Höckerbleches ist die Zugaufnahmefähigkeit des Höckerbleches im Vergleich zu einem Flachblech nicht wesentlich beeinträchtigt. Da bei der oben genannten Belastung das Höckerblech aus Stahl auf Zug beansprucht wird und Stahl im Vergleich zu Aluminium einen sehr viel höheren E-Modul besitzt, ist auch eine höhere Beulsteifigkeit der erfindungsgemäßen Leichtbauplatte im Vergleich zu einer nur als Aluminium bestehenden Leichtbauplatte gewährleistet. Wegen der guten Verformbarkeit und des hohen E-Moduls von Stahl bereitet auch das Formpressen der Höcker keine Probleme. Durch die besondere Verbindung der verschiedenen Materialien Aluminium und Stahl an den Höckerstirnflächen ist auch gewährleistet, daß ohne Beeinträchtigung der Materialeigenschaften das Flachblech und das Höckerblech auf Dauer steif und fest miteinander verbunden bleiben.In the lightweight board according to the invention, the material-specific advantages of aluminum and steel exploited to get a lightweight board, compared to their basis weight conventional lightweight panels only made of steel or only made of aluminum has improved bending stiffness and Has stiffness. When the lightweight board is loaded from the side of the flat sheet is for resistance against buckling the moment of inertia of the Flat sheet decisive. The moment of inertia is over the higher, the thicker the flat sheet is dimensioned. Thus, the use of a flat sheet made of aluminum advantageous because it has the same basis weight much thicker than a flat sheet made of steel can be dimensioned. That's why it kinks lightweight board according to the invention only essential higher loads than a lightweight board Basis weight with a cover plate made of steel as Pressure belt forming a kink in the pressure belt between the connection points. Therefore, the Bump distance in the lightweight panels according to the invention compared to cusp plates exclusively made of steel be about 6 times bigger, forming an overall larger area moment of inertia to stiffen the Tension belt leads. Thus, less material is made from the Sheet steel pressed out to form the humps and the Number and area of the necessary connection points will be kept comparatively low. Because of this minor Area share of the cusps in the total area of the Bump plate is the tensile strength of the Bump plates are not compared to flat plates significantly impaired. Because with the above The steel hump plate is subjected to tensile stress and steel a lot compared to aluminum has a higher modulus of elasticity is also a higher one Buckling stiffness of the lightweight board according to the invention in Compared to an existing one only as aluminum Lightweight board guaranteed. Because of the good Deformability and the high modulus of elasticity of steel also pressing the humps is no problem. Through the special combination of different materials Aluminum and steel on the hump end faces is also ensures that without affecting the Material properties of the flat sheet and the bump sheet stay stiff and firmly connected in the long run.

Die Festigkeit der Verbindung zwischen Stahl und Aluminium kann auf verschiedene Art und Weise weiter verbessert werden. Nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß das Höckerblech aus Stahl an seiner Verbindungsseite verzinkt ist. Dadurch wird auch die sogenannte Spaltkorrosion verhindert. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann die Verbindung auch formschlüssig sein. Insbesondere kann der Formschluß der Verbindung von in Eingriff stehenden parallelen Rillen und Rippen der Bleche gebildet sein.The strength of the connection between steel and Aluminum can continue in various ways be improved. According to an embodiment of the invention it is envisaged that the steel hump plate on its Connection side is galvanized. This also makes the prevents so-called crevice corrosion. Alternatively or in addition, the connection can also be form-fitting. In particular, the positive connection of the connection of in Engaging parallel grooves and ribs of the Sheets are formed.

Nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform haben die Höcker einen trapezförmigen Querschnitt und sind länger als breit. Zur Erhöhung der Steifigkeit und zur Schalldämmung der Leichtbauplatte kann der Hohlraum zwischen den Blechen mit einem formstabilen Füllmaterial ausgefüllt sein. Vorzugsweise sind das Schaummaterialien oder Hohlkörper mit Kunststoffbindung.According to a preferred embodiment, the bumps a trapezoidal cross section and are longer than wide. To increase rigidity and sound insulation the lightweight board can be the cavity between the Sheets filled with a dimensionally stable filling material his. These are preferably foam materials or Hollow body with plastic binding.

Folgende Dimensionierungen der Leichtbauplatte werden bevorzugt: Für die Blechdicken von Aluminium und Stahl gilt: dSt ≥ ¼ dAl, vorzugsweise dSt = 1/3 bis 1,3/3 dAl. Diese Verhältnisse sind vorteilhaft für beulsteife Leichtbauwände. Zur Herstellung von Ausfächerungen von rechteckigen Rahmenkonstruktionen kann auch eine größere Stahlblechdicke als 1,3/3 dAl verwendet werden. In diesem Fall sollte bei länglichen Höckern die Längsachse der Höcker in Richtung des kleineren Rahmenabstandes verlaufen. Das Verhältnis von verbundener Fläche (Höckerstirnfläche) zur Gesamtfläche sollte 5 - 13 % betragen. Der gegenseitige Abstand a der Höcker in halber Höhe sollte das 8 - 12-fache des Abstandes der Bleche h betragen. Ferner sollte der Abstand lx,y der Höckermitten in Richtung der x- bzw. y-Achse lx,y ≤ 45 dAl + Dx,y, insbesondere mit 30 dAl + Dx,y≤ lx,y betragen mit dAl = Materialdicke des Aluminiumblechs und Dx,y = Länge bzw. Breite der Höckerstirnfläche in Richtung der x- bzw. y-Achse.The following dimensions of the lightweight building board are preferred: For the sheet thickness of aluminum and steel: d ≥ St ¼ d Al, preferably d St = 1/3 to 1.3 / 3 t al. These conditions are advantageous for bulky, lightweight walls. A steel sheet thickness greater than 1.3 / 3 d Al can also be used to produce fanning out of rectangular frame constructions. In this case, in the case of elongated cusps, the longitudinal axis of the cusps should run in the direction of the smaller frame distance. The ratio of the connected area (cusp face) to the total area should be 5 - 13%. The mutual distance a of the humps at half height should be 8 - 12 times the distance of the sheets h. Furthermore, the distance l x, y of the cusp centers in the direction of the x or y axis should be l x, y 45 45 d Al + D x, y , in particular with 30 d Al + D x, y l l x, y with d Al = material thickness of the aluminum sheet and D x, y = length or width of the cusp face in the direction of the x or y axis.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ferner ein Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Leichtbauplatte nach dem Anspruch 1. Ein solches Verfahren ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das aus Stahl bestehende Höckerblech und/oder das aus Aluminium bestehende Flachblech örtlich begrenzt auf den an den Höckerstirnflächen zu verbindenden Oberflächenbereich durch Erwärmung mit Laserstrahlung aktiviert, aber nicht aufgeschmolzen werden und in diesem Zustand beide Bleche durch Druck metallisch miteinander verbunden werden. Die Verbindung unter Druck erfolgt vorzugsweise durch Walzfügen, wie es an sich bekannt ist (DE 19 502 140 C1), insbesondere aber Gegenstand einer älteren deutschen Patentanmeldung ist (DE 19640612C1).The invention also relates to a method for producing a lightweight board according to claim 1. Such a method is in accordance with the invention characterized in that the steel Bump plate and / or aluminum Flat sheet limited locally to that on the Cusp face surfaces to be joined surface area activated by heating with laser radiation, but not are melted and in this state both sheets be connected to each other by pressure. The Connection under pressure is preferably made by Roll joining, as is known per se (DE 19 502 140 C1), but in particular the subject of an older German Patent application is (DE 19640612C1).

Neben der stoffschlüssigen Verbindung kann eine Formschlußverbindung durch plastische Verformung des Flachbleches aus Aluminium erreicht werden. Insbesondere können beim Verbinden der Höckerstirnflächen mit dem Flachblech aus Aluminium in die Höckerstirnflächen Rippen eingeprägt werden, die sich dabei in das Flachblech eindrücken. In addition to the integral connection, a Form-locking connection through plastic deformation of the Flat sheets made of aluminum can be achieved. In particular can be connected to the Flat aluminum sheet in the cusp ribs to be embossed, which is in the flat sheet Push.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand einer ein Ausführungsbeispiel darstellenden Zeichnung näher erläutert. Im einzelnen zeigen:

Figur 1
eine Leichtbauplatte rechts in Aufsicht von der Seite 1 des Höckerbleches und links im Schnitt A - A der rechten Darstellung,
Figur 2
die Leichtbauplatte der Figur 1 während ihrer Herstellung in isometrischer Darstellung und
Figur 3
die Höckerplatte gemäß Figur 1 während der Herstellung in einem ausschnittweisen Querschnitt.
The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of a drawing illustrating an exemplary embodiment. In detail show:
Figure 1
a lightweight board on the right, seen from side 1 of the hump plate and on the left in section A - A of the right representation,
Figure 2
the lightweight board of Figure 1 during its manufacture in an isometric view and
Figure 3
the cusp plate according to Figure 1 during manufacture in a partial cross-section.

Die in Figur 1 dargestellte Leichtbauplatte besteht aus einem Höckerblech 1 aus Stahl mit einer Vielzahl von verteilten länglichen, im Grundriß ovalen und im Querschnitt trapezförmigen Höckern 2 und einem Flachblech 3 aus Aluminium. Das Höckerblech 1 ist vorzugsweise an seiner dem Flachblech 3 zugekehrten Seite verzinkt. Zwischen den Höckerstirnseiten und dem Flachblech 3 besteht eine stoffschlüssige und formschlüssige Verbindung. Der Formschluß wird bewirkt durch das Ineinandergreifen von Rippen und Rillen der Höckerstirnseiten und des Flachbleches 3, wobei die dem Höckerblech 1 abgewandte Außenseite des Flachbleches 3 eben ist. Die Höckerstirnseiten haben eine Länge Dx und eine Breite Dy. Die Abstände der Mitten benachbarter Höcker in Richtung der x-Achse betragen lx und in Richtung der y-Achse ly. Der Abstand benachbarter Höcker 2 in halber Höckerhöhe in Richtung der y-Achse beträgt a. Das Höckerblech 1 hat eine Dicke dSt, während das Flachblech 3 eine Dicke dAl hat. Die Hohlraumhöhe zwischen den beiden Blechen 1,3 beträgt h. Wie schon die Zeichnung zeigt, ist das Flachblech 3 aus Aluminium wesentlich dicker als das Höckerblech 1 aus Stahl, um den betrieblichen Beanspruchungen gewachsen zu sein. Üblicherweise wird eine solche Leichtbauplatte so belastet, daß das dickere Flachblech 3 aus Aluminium als Druckgurt und das dünnere Höckerblech 1 aus Stahl als Zuggurt wirken.The lightweight construction panel shown in FIG. 1 consists of a steel hump plate 1 with a multiplicity of elongated humps 2, oval in plan and trapezoidal in cross section, and a flat plate 3 made of aluminum. The hump plate 1 is preferably galvanized on its side facing the flat plate 3. There is a cohesive and positive connection between the cusp ends and the flat sheet 3. The positive connection is brought about by the intermeshing of ribs and grooves of the hump end faces and the flat plate 3, the outer side of the flat plate 3 facing away from the hump plate 1 being flat. The cusp ends have a length D x and a width D y . The distances between the centers of adjacent cusps in the direction of the x-axis are l x and in the direction of the y-axis l y . The distance between adjacent bumps 2 at half the bump height in the direction of the y-axis is a. The bump sheet 1 has a thickness d St , while the flat sheet 3 has a thickness d Al . The cavity height between the two sheets 1.3 is h. As the drawing already shows, the flat sheet 3 made of aluminum is considerably thicker than the bump sheet 1 made of steel in order to be able to cope with the operational stresses. Such a lightweight board is usually loaded so that the thicker flat sheet 3 made of aluminum acts as a compression belt and the thinner hump sheet 1 made of steel acts as a tension belt.

Folgende Beziehungen haben sich für die Dimensionierung der Leichtbauplatte als vorteilhaft erwiesen:
   dSt = 1/4 bis 1 dAl, insbesondere = 1/3 bis 1,3/3 dAl 8h ≤ a ≤ 12h
   Verhältnis der Summe der verbundenen Höckerstirnflächen zur Gesamtfläche der Leichtbauplatte = 0,06 bis 0,13
   30 dAl + Dx,y ≤ lx,y ≤ 45 dAl + Dx,y.The following relationships have proven to be advantageous for the dimensioning of the lightweight board:
d St = 1/4 to 1 d Al , in particular = 1/3 to 1.3 / 3 d Al 8h ≤ a ≤ 12h
Ratio of the sum of the connected hump end faces to the total area of the lightweight board = 0.06 to 0.13
30 d Al + D x, y ≤ l x, y ≤ 45 d Al + D x, y .

Die Herstellung der Leichtbauplatte erfolgt in der Weise, daß das formgepreßte Höckerblech 1 einer Walzfügestufe zugeführt wird, wie es in Figur 2 und 3 dargestellt ist. In dieser Walzfügestufe werden die Oberflächen der flachen Stirnflächen der Höcker 2 mit einem Laserstrahl 5 aktiviert. Dabei darf es nicht zu einem Aufschmelzen oder gar zu einem Verdampfen an der Oberfläche, etwa der Zinkschicht, kommen. In der Walzfügestufe wird das Höckerblech 1 mit dem dickeren Flachblech 3 aus Aluminium zusammengepreßt, während der Laserstrahl 5 in den sich schließenden Fügespalt eingebracht wird. Gleichzeitig wird auch die Oberfläche des Flachbleches 3 an den Verbindungsstellen durch den Laserstrahl 5 aktiviert. Als Laser können Gaslaser oder Festkörperlaser, wegen der hohen Leistungsstärke insbesondere Diodenlaser, eingesetzt. Als Preßwerkzeuge dienen eine auf das Flachblech 3 einwirkende ebene Stützplatte 4(Fig.2) oder eine Stützrolle 4 mit zylindrischer Mantelfläche (Fig.3), auf der das Flachblech 3 ruht, und auf das Höckerblech 1 einwirkende und in die Höcker 2 eintauchende, profilierte Drückrollen 6 oder eine abrollende profilierte Preßfläche. Beim Zusammenpressen der beiden Bleche 1,3 wird die von Rillen und Rippen gebildete Profilierung der Drückrolle 5 auf die Stirnseite der Höcker 2 und von hier auf die Fügeseite des Flachbleches 3 aus Aluminium übertragen, wobei eine plastische Verformung des Flachbleches 3 von höchstens 40% und mindestens 20% stattfindet. Die besondere Profilierung der Drückrollen 6 in Form von Rillen und Rippen verhindert einen unerwünschten seitlichen Materialfluß des Aluminiums in der Blechebene. Bei diesem Zusammenpressen unter Druck ergibt sich sowohl eine stoffschlüssige als auch formschlüssige dauerhafte Verbindung.The lightweight board is manufactured in such a way that the molded bump plate 1 of a rolling stage is supplied, as shown in Figures 2 and 3. The surfaces of the flat end faces of the bumps 2 with a laser beam 5 activated. It must not melt or even to evaporation on the surface, such as the Zinc coating, come. In the roll joining stage, that is Bump plate 1 with the thicker flat plate 3 made of aluminum pressed together while the laser beam 5 in the closing joint gap is introduced. simultaneously is also the surface of the flat sheet 3 to the Connections activated by the laser beam 5. As Lasers can be gas lasers or solid state lasers, because of that high power, especially diode lasers, used. As press tools are used on the Flat sheet 3 acting flat support plate 4 (Fig.2) or a support roller 4 with a cylindrical outer surface (FIG. 3), on which the flat sheet 3 rests and on the bump sheet 1 acting and dipping into the cusps 2, profiled Press rollers 6 or a rolling profiled Pressing surface. When pressing the two sheets 1.3 is the profiling of the grooves and ribs Press roller 5 on the front of the hump 2 and from here on the joining side of the flat sheet 3 made of aluminum transferred, with a plastic deformation of the Flat sheets 3 of at most 40% and at least 20% takes place. The special profile of the pressure rollers 6 in the form of grooves and ribs prevents you undesirable lateral material flow of the aluminum in the sheet level. During this compression under pressure there is both a cohesive as well positive permanent connection.

Claims (17)

  1. A light structural metal plate in the form of a hump plate comprising a mould-pressed hump plate (1) and a flat plate (3) connected thereto substance-to-substance at the hump end faces,
    characterised in that
    the flat plate (3) is of aluminium and the hump plate (1) of steel, and the substance-to-substance connection is a metallic connection produced by heat without a molten phase and having a shear strength of more than 15 N/mm2.
  2. A light structural steel plate according to claim 1, .
    characterised in that
    the steel hump plate (1) is galvanised at least on its connection side.
  3. A light structural steel plate according to claim 2,
    characterised in that
    the connection is also positive.
  4. A light structural steel plate according to the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the positive connection is formed at the hump end faces by interengaging parallel grooves and ribs of the flat plate (3) and the hump plate (1).
  5. A light structural steel plate according to claims 1 to 4,
    characterised in that
    the humps (2) have a trapezoidal cross-section.
  6. A light structural steel plate according to one of claims 1 to 5,
    characterised in that
    the humps (2) are longer than wide.
  7. A light structural steel plate according to one of claims 1 to 6,
    characterised in that the cavity between the plates (1,3) is filled with a dimensionally stable filling material.
  8. A light structural steel plate according to one of claims 1 to 7,
    characterised in that
    the ratio of the steel and aluminium plate thicknesses is tSt = ¼ to 1 tal.
  9. A light structural steel plate according to claim 8,
    characterised in that
    the ratio of the plate thicknesses is tst = 1/3 to 1.3/3 tal.
  10. A light structural steel plate according to one of claims 1 to 9,
    characterised in that
    the distances (a) of the humps (2) at half the height are 8h a ≤ 12h where h = cavity height.
  11. A light structural steel plate according to one of claims 1 to 10,
    characterised in that
    the ratio between the sum of the connected hump end faces and the total area of the light structural steel plate is 0.06 to 0.13.
  12. A light structural steel plate according to one of claims 1 to 11,
    characterised in that
    the distance apart 1x,y of the hump centres in the direction of the x and y axes is 1x,y ≤ 45. tal + Dx,y, more particularly with 30. tal.+ Dx,y ≤ 1x,y, where tal = material thickness of the flat plate (3) and Dx,y = legth and width of the hump end face in the direction of the x and y axes.
  13. A process for the production of a light structural steel plate in the form of a hump plate from a mould-pressed hump plate and a flat plate connected substance-to-substance,
    characterised in that
    the steel hump plate and the aluminium flat plate are activated, but not melted by heating with laser radiation locally limited to the surface area to be connected at the hump end faces, and the two plates are metallically connected to another by pressure, wherein the shear strength is at least 15 N/mm2.
  14. A process according to claim 13,
    characterised in that
    the aluminium flat plate is plastically deformed during connection.
  15. A process according to claim 13 or 14,
    characterised in that
    in the connection of the hump end faces to the aluminium flat plate under pressure, ribs and grooves are impressed in the hump end faces and force themselves into the flat plate, which they plastically deform.
  16. A process according to one of claims 13 or 15, using a steel plate galvanised on the connection side.
  17. A process according to one of claims 13 to 16,
    characterised in that
    the heat supplier used is a diode laser.
EP98111848A 1997-07-17 1998-06-26 Lightweight metal dimple panel and method of manufacture Expired - Lifetime EP0892122B1 (en)

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DE19730647A DE19730647C2 (en) 1997-07-17 1997-07-17 Lightweight metal plate in the form of a hump plate and process for its manufacture
DE19730647 1997-07-17

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EP0892122A3 EP0892122A3 (en) 1999-11-03
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US6065266A (en) 2000-05-23
EP0892122A2 (en) 1999-01-20
DE59808415D1 (en) 2003-06-26
EP0892122A3 (en) 1999-11-03
DE19730647A1 (en) 1999-01-21
DE19730647C2 (en) 2000-08-10

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