EP0882307A1 - Sinterelektrode - Google Patents
SinterelektrodeInfo
- Publication number
- EP0882307A1 EP0882307A1 EP97951066A EP97951066A EP0882307A1 EP 0882307 A1 EP0882307 A1 EP 0882307A1 EP 97951066 A EP97951066 A EP 97951066A EP 97951066 A EP97951066 A EP 97951066A EP 0882307 A1 EP0882307 A1 EP 0882307A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- grain size
- metal
- sintered
- sintered electrode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
- H01J61/06—Main electrodes
- H01J61/073—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps
- H01J61/0735—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the material of the electrode
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
- Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
- Y10T428/12042—Porous component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
- Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
- Y10T428/12063—Nonparticulate metal component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
- Y10T428/12153—Interconnected void structure [e.g., permeable, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12639—Adjacent, identical composition, components
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12639—Adjacent, identical composition, components
- Y10T428/12646—Group VIII or IB metal-base
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12778—Alternative base metals from diverse categories
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12806—Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12806—Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
- Y10T428/12819—Group VB metal-base component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12806—Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
- Y10T428/12826—Group VIB metal-base component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12806—Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
- Y10T428/12826—Group VIB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12833—Alternative to or next to each other
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12806—Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
- Y10T428/12826—Group VIB metal-base component
- Y10T428/1284—W-base component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12875—Platinum group metal-base component
Definitions
- the invention is based on a sintered electrode according to the preamble of claim 1. It is a sintered electrode for high-pressure discharge lamps such as, for example, metal halide lamps or sodium high-pressure discharge lamps.
- a thermionically emitting cathode element for vacuum electron tubes is known, which is made of spherical particles with an average grain size below 1 ⁇ m. 5 to 90% of the total volume of the sintered electrode consists of unfilled pores that are open to the environment. The distances between neighboring particles (grains) are less than 1 ⁇ m.
- a sintered electro which contains, in addition to tungsten, portions of emitter material such as oxides of aluminum, barium, calcium or thorium.
- the sintered body sits on a solid core pin made of solid material.
- a cathode which consists of a porous tungsten matrix, in the pores of which emitter material is incorporated. The pores are produced by filling the green body of the matrix with liquid copper, which is later removed again.
- the disadvantage of this method is that the pores are irregular in shape and their properties are undefined. Manufacturing is complicated and time consuming.
- DD-PS 292 764 discloses a cermet sintered body consisting of a mixture of tungsten and thorium oxide or alkaline earth oxide, in which the porosity of the sintered body is controlled by the defined use of a binder in the production.
- the particle size of the cermet powder is 80 to 550 ⁇ m.
- sintered electrodes have so far not been able to establish themselves widely. Rather, it was previously dependent on the use of spiral electrodes with a core pin made of thoriated tungsten or pin electrodes made of thoriated tungsten. So far, each has been produced from compact, solid material.
- the sintered electrode for high-pressure discharge lamps according to the invention consists of a sintered body made of one of the refractory metals tungsten, tantalum, osmium, iridium, molybdenum or rhenium or an alloy of these metals.
- a known oxidic doping (up to 5% by weight) can be added to the metal or alloy, for example an oxide of lanthanum or yttrium.
- the sintered body is made of an essentially spherical powder of the metal or the alloy, the mean grain size of which is between 2 and 100 ⁇ m, the grain size distribution fluctuating by a maximum of 20% around the mean and between 10 and 40% by volume of the total volume the sintered electrode consists of pores open to the environment.
- the pores can be unfilled or contain emitter additives.
- Typical emitter additives are oxides of alkaline earth, for example barium, calcium, strontium and mixtures thereof. Also suitable are aluminates and oxides of hafnium or zirconium or of the rare earth metals (in particular Sc, Y, La, Ce, Nd, Gd, Dy and Yb).
- the average grain size of the spherical powder is preferably between 5 and 70 ⁇ m.
- the grain size distribution fluctuates by a maximum of 10% around the mean value.
- the sintered body is fastened in a manner known per se to a core pin made of solid metal.
- a particular advantage is that connection techniques such as soldering or welding are not used can.
- the mechanical connection is only made by shrinking or sintering.
- the material of the sintered body and of the core pin is preferably essentially the same, for example pure tungsten.
- the sintered body can be unfilled or contain emitter additives (for example lanthanum oxide). Pure tungsten doped with potassium or a rhenium-tungsten alloy is also suitable for the core pin.
- the electrode can do without thorium and is then radioactive.
- the service life of the high-pressure discharge lamps equipped with them is extended, the rise in lamp lamp voltage is reduced and the maintenance of the luminous flux is significantly improved.
- the blackening of the wall of the discharge vessel is reduced.
- the operation of the lamps shows a reduction in the uneven arc and flicker.
- the manufacture of the electrode is significantly simplified. The electrode coil can be saved compared to conventional electrodes.
- a particularly advantageous method for producing a sintered body according to claim 1 consists of the following method steps:
- the average grain size of the metal powder is between 2 and 100 ⁇ m; the grain size distribution fluctuates by a maximum of 20% (typically 10%) around the mean value; in particular, the spherical particles of the metal powder used for this are single-crystalline;
- a typical value of the pressure used is 100 to 400 MPa;
- the powder is preferably single crystal.
- the powder can in particular be pressed around a core pin.
- Process step c) can be carried out, for example, in the case of tungsten, preferably at temperatures of 2500 to 2800 K.
- the melting temperature means that of the lowest melting component.
- the pressing can advantageously be carried out without the addition of a binder. This saves an additional processing step and prevents possible contamination.
- Another advantageous process is the metal injection molding process. This technique is described in more detail in parallel application 97P5568. It can also be used in a modified form for the present invention.
- the sequence of the process can be briefly summarized as follows: A suitable metal powder is mixed with so much plastic (the so-called binder) that this starting material, which is in the form of granules, assumes the flow properties of the plastic and can be further processed analogously to plastic injection molding by placing it in an injection mold with the contour of the desired future component. Then to create a metallic to obtain the component, the green body is removed from the injection mold; the binder is then removed from the so-called green body by heat or by solvent. This process is called dewaxing. The component is then sintered into a component of very high density in accordance with classic powder metallurgy.
- the essentially spherical metal powder is produced in a manner known per se, where rounded or almost exactly spherical particles can arise.
- One example is the carbonyl process (New Types of Metal Powders, Ed. H. Hausner, Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, New York 1963, published in the series Metallurgical Society Conferences as Volume 23). Particularly good results are achieved with single-crystalline metal powder.
- the spherical powder grains of homogeneous size develop equilibrium surfaces in the form of polyhedra during sintering. For example, there are [HO] or [111] faces. Surprisingly, it has been found that these polyhedron surfaces do not further unite, so that the porosity of this novel sintered body remains practically constant over the service life. It is a so-called sponge body with open porosity.
- the starting material is spherical W powder with a diameter that is as uniform as possible, i.e. with a narrow distribution width of the grain size. This homogeneity of the powder ultimately results in great stability of the sintered body at high temperatures and leads to correspondingly stable conditions during the life of the lamp.
- the powder can in particular be pressed directly around a Th ⁇ 2-free core pin. Sintering is then carried out at the relatively low temperature of around 2350 ( ⁇ 100) ° C. This low temperature, which corresponds approximately to 0.7 times the melting temperature of the tungsten, means considerable energy savings compared to the usual sintering temperatures of 2800-3000 ° C for compact tungsten material.
- Additional emitter additives are not necessary in many applications, but can be introduced into the cavities or pores if necessary.
- the residual porosity of the finished sintered sponge electrode can be set specifically via the ball size of the starting material. Ball sizes of 5 to 70 ⁇ m are preferably used for the sponge electrode. A residual porosity of about 15 to 30% by volume can thus be achieved.
- the discharge begins on a large area.
- the point-like approach known from conventional electrodes which there often leads to locally very high temperatures and migration of the focal spot, is avoided.
- the temperature distribution over the entire sponge body is largely uniform.
- a conventional electrode has a high temperature gradient. In particular, it has a temperature that is typically 500 K higher at the tip than in the rear part of the electrode.
- the transition from the glow to the arc discharge takes place faster when using the sintered electrode than with the conventional solid electrode, since the heat dissipation from the tip of the electrode towards the pinch is greatly reduced due to the small contact area between the sintered grains of the sintered body .
- the sponge electrode in particular in the vertical operating position, better heating of the area of the discharge vessel close to the pinch is achieved.
- the cause is the larger surface of the electrode, which emits more light. Therefore, any reflective coating on the bulb ends can be made smaller or omitted entirely, which means that a higher luminous flux is achieved.
- Figure 2 shows a metal halide lamp with a sintered electrode
- the sintered electrode 1 shown in FIG. 1 for a 150 W lamp consists of a cylindrical sintered body 2, in the half of which is averted from the discharge, a solid core pin 5 made of tungsten is pressed axially.
- the sintered body 2 consists of tungsten, which is made of spherical metal powder with an average grain size of 10 ⁇ m. The grain size distribution fluctuates around 10% around the mean. The residual porosity is approximately 15% by volume.
- the diameter of the core pin is approximately 0.5 mm, the outer diameter of the sintered body is approximately 1.5 mm.
- a metal halide lamp 9 with a power of 150 W. It consists of a quartz glass vessel 10 which contains a metal halide fill. External power supply lines 11 and molybdenum foils 12 are embedded in squeezes 13 at their two ends. The core pins 5 of the electrodes 1 are attached to the molybdenum foils 12. Last tere protrude into the discharge vessel 10. The two ends of the discharge vessel are each provided with a heat-reflecting coating 14 made of zirconium oxide.
- the electrode consists of a sintered body which is rounded on the discharge side or tapers to a point.
- the sintered body is made of tungsten
- the pressed-in core pin is made of rhenium, rhenium-plated tungsten or molybdenum.
- a particularly advantageous method for producing a sintered electrode according to the invention is based on the metal injection molding method known per se.
- the principle in the parallel registration Akz is:
- an essentially spherical, in particular single-crystalline, metal powder made of refractory metal such as tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, osmium, iridium or rhenium or an alloy of these metals, the powder having the following properties: the average grain size of the metal powder is between 2 and 100 ⁇ m; the grain size distribution fluctuates by a maximum of 20% around the mean value; - Making a mixture (so-called "feedstock") from powder and binder (often referred to as "wax”) and possibly polymer;
- the mixture is injected around a core pin in the injection mold and connected to it during sintering.
- Such electrodes show a much better life behavior.
- Studies on metal halide lamps with a power of 150 W show that the maintenance of the luminous flux after 1000 hours when using metal powders with a grain size of 5 or 20 ⁇ m amounts to 95% of the initial luminous flux.
- a drop in the luminous flux to values between 83 and 90% can be observed in the prior art (conventional stick electrode made of doped tungsten material) after 1000 hours.
Landscapes
- Discharge Lamp (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19652822 | 1996-12-18 | ||
DE19652822A DE19652822A1 (de) | 1996-12-18 | 1996-12-18 | Sinterelektrode |
PCT/DE1997/002640 WO1998027575A1 (de) | 1996-12-18 | 1997-11-11 | Sinterelektrode |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0882307A1 true EP0882307A1 (de) | 1998-12-09 |
EP0882307B1 EP0882307B1 (de) | 2004-01-28 |
Family
ID=7815235
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97951066A Expired - Lifetime EP0882307B1 (de) | 1996-12-18 | 1997-11-11 | Sinterelektrode |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6218025B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP0882307B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2000505939A (de) |
KR (1) | KR19990082364A (de) |
CN (1) | CN1123053C (de) |
CA (1) | CA2246517C (de) |
DE (2) | DE19652822A1 (de) |
HU (1) | HU223302B1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1998027575A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6705914B2 (en) | 2000-04-18 | 2004-03-16 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Method of forming spherical electrode surface for high intensity discharge lamp |
DE10307716B4 (de) * | 2002-03-12 | 2021-11-18 | Taniobis Gmbh | Ventilmetall-Pulver und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
JP2007515750A (ja) * | 2003-05-26 | 2007-06-14 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | 色安定性を向上させるトリウムフリー電極 |
WO2006048794A2 (en) * | 2004-11-02 | 2006-05-11 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Discharge lamp with a shaped refractory electrode, and method of manufacturing a shaped component for a discharge lamp |
JP2008519394A (ja) * | 2004-11-02 | 2008-06-05 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | 放電ランプ、電極、及び、放電ランプの電極部分を製造する方法 |
JP2008527621A (ja) * | 2005-01-03 | 2008-07-24 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | 照明アセンブリおよび放電ランプを作動させる方法 |
JP4454527B2 (ja) * | 2005-03-31 | 2010-04-21 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 発光管及び高圧放電灯 |
JP2006283077A (ja) * | 2005-03-31 | 2006-10-19 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | 複合体 |
JP4614908B2 (ja) * | 2005-05-11 | 2011-01-19 | 日立粉末冶金株式会社 | 冷陰極蛍光ランプ用電極 |
DE102005035190A1 (de) * | 2005-07-27 | 2007-02-01 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Haltestab |
JP2007095665A (ja) | 2005-09-02 | 2007-04-12 | Sony Corp | ショートアーク型高圧放電電極、ショートアーク型高圧放電管、ショートアーク型高圧放電光源装置、及びそれらの各製造方法 |
US7652415B2 (en) * | 2005-10-20 | 2010-01-26 | General Electric Company | Electrode materials for electric lamps and methods of manufacture thereof |
KR100682313B1 (ko) * | 2005-12-13 | 2007-02-15 | 안의현 | 냉음극 형광램프의 전극 및 그 제조방법 |
JP5100632B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-16 | 2012-12-19 | 株式会社東芝 | 冷陰極管用焼結電極およびそれを用いた冷陰極管並びに液晶表示装置 |
US20070236125A1 (en) * | 2006-04-07 | 2007-10-11 | Federal-Mogul World Wide, Inc. | Spark plug |
DE102007013990A1 (de) * | 2007-03-23 | 2008-09-25 | Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Material für Elektroden oder Leuchtkörper und Elektrode bzw. Leuchtkörper |
WO2010001316A1 (en) * | 2008-07-04 | 2010-01-07 | Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh | Mercury-free and zinc-free high intensity gas-discharge lamp |
JP5224281B2 (ja) * | 2008-09-16 | 2013-07-03 | 独立行政法人物質・材料研究機構 | 冷陰極蛍光管用電極およびこれを用いた冷陰極蛍光管 |
DE102009005446A1 (de) * | 2009-01-21 | 2010-07-22 | Schott Ag | Granulat, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung sowie dessen Verwendung |
US20120126694A1 (en) * | 2009-08-13 | 2012-05-24 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Mercury-free high intensity gas-discharge lamp |
DE102009055123A1 (de) | 2009-12-22 | 2011-06-30 | Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung, 81543 | Keramische Elektrode für eine Hochdruckentladungslampe |
CN101831568A (zh) * | 2010-05-21 | 2010-09-15 | 西北有色金属研究院 | 粉末冶金法制备耐超高温铱合金的方法 |
CN102366837A (zh) * | 2011-08-10 | 2012-03-07 | 厦门虹鹭钨钼工业有限公司 | 一种高压气体放电灯用钍钨-钨复合电极的制作方法 |
WO2014021154A1 (ja) * | 2012-07-31 | 2014-02-06 | 東芝マテリアル株式会社 | 放電ランプ用陰極およびその製造方法 |
US20140041589A1 (en) * | 2012-08-07 | 2014-02-13 | Veeco Instruments Inc. | Heating element for a planar heater of a mocvd reactor |
AT16085U1 (de) * | 2017-09-22 | 2019-01-15 | Plansee Se | Kathode |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE292764C (de) | ||||
GB816135A (en) * | 1955-01-28 | 1959-07-08 | Ass Elect Ind | Workable alloys of molybdenum and tungsten containing rhenium |
GB639797A (en) * | 1947-08-14 | 1950-07-05 | Gen Electric Co Ltd | Improvements in and relating to oxide-coated electrodes for electric discharge lamps |
US2721372A (en) * | 1951-06-30 | 1955-10-25 | Philips Corp | Incandescible cathodes |
IT500079A (de) * | 1952-02-27 | |||
NL272981A (de) | 1961-01-02 | |||
GB977545A (en) * | 1961-12-09 | 1964-12-09 | Hitachi Ltd | Improvements relating to the production of hollow cathodes |
AU527753B2 (en) * | 1978-09-07 | 1983-03-24 | Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Discharge lamp electrode |
US4303848A (en) * | 1979-08-29 | 1981-12-01 | Toshiba Corporation | Discharge lamp and method of making same |
US4415835A (en) * | 1981-06-22 | 1983-11-15 | General Electric Company | Electron emissive coatings for electric discharge devices |
US4830822A (en) * | 1985-08-26 | 1989-05-16 | Gte Products Corporation | Variable density article and method for producing same |
NL8700935A (nl) * | 1987-04-21 | 1988-11-16 | Philips Nv | Geimpregneerde kathodes met een gekontroleerde porositeit. |
US5418070A (en) * | 1988-04-28 | 1995-05-23 | Varian Associates, Inc. | Tri-layer impregnated cathode |
DE4206909A1 (de) | 1992-03-05 | 1993-09-09 | Philips Patentverwaltung | Thermionisch emittierendes kathodenelement |
GB9413973D0 (en) * | 1994-07-11 | 1994-08-31 | Rank Brimar Ltd | Electrode structure |
JPH09231946A (ja) * | 1996-02-23 | 1997-09-05 | Ushio Inc | ショートアーク型放電ランプ |
-
1996
- 1996-12-18 DE DE19652822A patent/DE19652822A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-11-11 WO PCT/DE1997/002640 patent/WO1998027575A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-11-11 HU HU9901361A patent/HU223302B1/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-11-11 US US09/125,393 patent/US6218025B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-11-11 JP JP10527165A patent/JP2000505939A/ja not_active Abandoned
- 1997-11-11 CA CA002246517A patent/CA2246517C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-11-11 EP EP97951066A patent/EP0882307B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-11 CN CN97192363.9A patent/CN1123053C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-11-11 KR KR1019980706094A patent/KR19990082364A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-11-11 DE DE59711260T patent/DE59711260D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9827575A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
HU223302B1 (hu) | 2004-05-28 |
CA2246517C (en) | 2005-08-09 |
US6218025B1 (en) | 2001-04-17 |
HUP9901361A3 (en) | 2000-04-28 |
DE19652822A1 (de) | 1998-06-25 |
CA2246517A1 (en) | 1998-06-25 |
DE59711260D1 (de) | 2004-03-04 |
EP0882307B1 (de) | 2004-01-28 |
KR19990082364A (ko) | 1999-11-25 |
CN1123053C (zh) | 2003-10-01 |
CN1211341A (zh) | 1999-03-17 |
HUP9901361A2 (hu) | 1999-08-30 |
JP2000505939A (ja) | 2000-05-16 |
WO1998027575A1 (de) | 1998-06-25 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0882307B1 (de) | Sinterelektrode | |
DE69303489T2 (de) | Dichtungselement für aluminumoxid-entladungskolben und verfahren zu deren herstellung | |
DE19749908A1 (de) | Elektrodenbauteil für Entladungslampen | |
EP0652586B1 (de) | Metallhalogenidentladungslampe mit keramischem Entladungsgefäss und Herstellverfahren für eine derartige Lampe | |
DE69507283T2 (de) | Niederdruckentladundslampe | |
DE112012000696B4 (de) | Kurzbogenentladungslampe mit Kathode aus Hauptteil und Emitterteil mit unterschiedlichen Porositäten oder Kristallgrößen | |
DE2245717A1 (de) | Elektrode mit einem poroesen sinterkoerper | |
EP0585797B1 (de) | Hochdruckentladungslampe | |
DE69731374T2 (de) | Niederdruckentladunglampe | |
EP0713738A1 (de) | Gesintertes Formteil aus hochschmelzendem Metallpulver mit Dotierungen | |
DE69105103T2 (de) | Niederdruckentladungslampe. | |
DE102006024238A1 (de) | Hochdruckentladungslampe | |
DE69921901T2 (de) | Cermet und keramische Entladungslampe | |
DE69713453T2 (de) | Hochdruckentladungslampen und deren Herstellungsverfahren | |
DE3002033A1 (de) | Sinterelektrode fuer entladungsroehren | |
WO2013113049A1 (de) | Wolfram-verbundelektrode | |
DE2655726C2 (de) | ||
EP0383108B1 (de) | Hochdruckentladungslampe für den Betrieb mit Wechselstrom | |
EP1481417A1 (de) | Quecksilber-kurzbogenlampe mit lanthanoxid-haltiger kathode | |
DE19616408A1 (de) | Elektrode für Entladungslampen | |
DE69718363T2 (de) | Thermionische Kathode und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung | |
DE2519014C3 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Elektroden für Hochdruckentladungslampen | |
DE3888882T2 (de) | Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Nachlieferungskathode. | |
DE69911538T2 (de) | Niederdruckquecksilberdampfentladungslampe | |
DE60112851T2 (de) | Zusammengefügte Teile und Hochdruckentladungslampen |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19980805 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB IT NL |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20010622 |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB IT NL |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRE;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.SCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20040128 Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20040128 Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20040128 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 59711260 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20040304 Kind code of ref document: P |
|
GBV | Gb: ep patent (uk) treated as always having been void in accordance with gb section 77(7)/1977 [no translation filed] |
Effective date: 20040128 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20041029 |
|
EN | Fr: translation not filed | ||
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20051109 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 20051118 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20061130 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070601 |
|
NLV4 | Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee |
Effective date: 20070601 |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: *PATENT-TREUHAND-G.- FUR ELEKTRISCHE GLUHLAMPEN M. Effective date: 20061130 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20090119 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20100601 |