EP0879336A1 - Programmable door operator - Google Patents
Programmable door operatorInfo
- Publication number
- EP0879336A1 EP0879336A1 EP96901704A EP96901704A EP0879336A1 EP 0879336 A1 EP0879336 A1 EP 0879336A1 EP 96901704 A EP96901704 A EP 96901704A EP 96901704 A EP96901704 A EP 96901704A EP 0879336 A1 EP0879336 A1 EP 0879336A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- door
- door closer
- spring
- channel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000014616 translation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 25
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 24
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009347 mechanical transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F3/00—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices
- E05F3/04—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes
- E05F3/12—Special devices controlling the circulation of the liquid, e.g. valve arrangement
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F3/00—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices
- E05F3/04—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes
- E05F3/10—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes with a spring, other than a torsion spring, and a piston, the axes of which are the same or lie in the same direction
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/252—Type of friction
- E05Y2201/254—Fluid or viscous friction
- E05Y2201/256—Fluid or viscous friction with pistons or vanes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/262—Type of motion, e.g. braking
- E05Y2201/264—Type of motion, e.g. braking linear
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
- E05Y2800/20—Combinations of elements
- E05Y2800/21—Combinations of elements of identical elements, e.g. of identical compression springs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
- E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
- E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
- E05Y2900/132—Doors
Definitions
- the invention relates to a door closer which consists of a housing in which an energy store in the form of a spring and a damping piston are present. There is a damping fluid in the hermetically sealed housing to influence the action of the door closer. An anti-secondary axis protrudes from the housing, on which a linkage is attached on the one hand and on the other hand to the door leaf or door frame to be moved.
- a door closer of the generic type is known for example from DE 37 42 213 C2.
- This door closer has a closer shaft which is loaded by a spring arrangement in the closing direction and is mounted in the closer housing and which is in torque-transmitting engagement with a displaceable piston of a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit serving damping purposes.
- the piston head which is acted upon by the spring arrangement and has a check valve, is bypassed with a return flow duct on the house from a certain door opening angle.
- a throttle valve damping the opening movement of the door leaf is integrated in the return flow channel.
- the piston head loaded by the spring arrangement is provided with a bypass channel with a small channel cross section, which, starting from the piston side facing the spring arrangement, is widened in the direction of the closer shaft.
- Damping of the door opening movement is also effected by this bypass channel
- opening and closing moment Due to the physical conditions in the form of friction, the opening moment is generally greater than the closing moment. Because of the strong scattering resistance and tolerances of the door in the frame and also in the lock latch, the closing torque must therefore be selected to be relatively high in order to also transfer the connected door securely into the closed position, which expresses that the bolt latch securely engages in the striking plate.
- an opening moment which is at least as large is also required, with the result that, for example, old or disabled people or children have difficulties opening such a door.
- door closers of the most varied sizes and also for the most varied areas of application are known, a large stock of the most varied types is necessary for this.
- a method and an arrangement for controlling the force of a closing device can be found in DE 35 35 506 A1.
- the door is connected to the door frame by means of a locking device in the form of a door closer and link arms which are articulated to it.
- the control of the different forces for opening and subsequent automatic closing of the door is achieved by moving the end of the linkage, which is distant compared to the door closing device, by the moment exerted by the locking device on the door in separate phases of opening and closing the door. changed accordingly.
- This arrangement is a device that works with external energy, i.e. an electric motor is provided which displaces a slide and at the same time determines its position in a guide member. The motor control is carried out in accordance with the desired opening angle.
- US 4,979,261 discloses a door closer with a variable articulation position. Due to a toothed wheel fastened to the closer shaft, which rolls on the door, the point of application of the linkage and thus the entire torque analysis is automatically changed. This mechanical type reduces the opening force while increasing the closing force.
- Another US Pat. No. 3,818,637 describes a device which allows a door to be opened quickly
- No. 4,419,786 describes an arrangement with which the force required to open a door is reduced in relation to normal door opening situations.
- a door closer is used here.
- the force ratio is changed from a certain opening angle by using additional spring forces and a hydraulic or pneumatic control. This allows the door closer to move to the door via the articulated linkage arrangement exerted moment can be changed.
- a device in the form of a door closer which is shown in the Swedish design 469 342, consists of a housing in which two pistons are movably arranged. Furthermore, two springs are present. which are each directly assigned to a piston and act on it in the same direction. The other piston is connected to a piston rod, the rear end of which is sealed in a central bore of the second piston. The diameters of the two pistons are different. The pistons control the liquid flow of the damping medium via various channels in connection with valves.
- the object of the invention is achieved in that a programmable door closer is created.
- This programmable door closer consists of individual elements which can be assembled according to the wishes or requirements. Because the channels, pockets or / and bores necessary for controlling the door are present in the individual elements, it is easy to match them appropriate place within an element to ensure that the damping medium is controlled according to the opening angle of the door.
- the design of the individual piston surfaces in connection with the necessary channels enables a wide variety of torque profiles to be realized.
- the essence of the invention is then to remove the fixed coupling between the opening and the closing force of the door. This is achieved by at least one additional event.
- the closing torque can be lower, which means a power transmission U ⁇ 1.
- the force ratio U> 1 Only in a third part of the closing process, namely in the area where the door is to be brought into the correct closed position, is the force ratio U> 1, ie the closing torque is significantly greater than the opening torque
- the construction of a door closer can be carried out by the individual Elements in the form of plates are built around the piston. Cover pieces are attached to the end faces of the plates.
- the structure consisting of the pistons and the elements can also be inserted into an enclosing housing, but it is also possible for the individual elements and the end faces to be non-positive, positive and to be sealed together.
- the programmability in the individual outer elements it is also possible, through the design of the piston surfaces and within the piston or pistons, to receive corresponding pockets, channels and holes corresponding to the pockets, channels and bores of the elements. This multiple possibility makes one possible extremely fine adjustment of the desired occurring moments possible
- At least one so-called second gear is added in addition to the already existing gear
- the idea according to the invention thus includes programmability in several areas.
- FIG. 1 Schematic cross-sectional view of the door closer with inner, door and spring piston to explain the switching function
- FIG. 1 Schematic cross-sectional view of the door closer for
- FIG. 1 Schematic cross-sectional view of the door closer in
- FIG. 4 Schematic cross-sectional view of the door closer
- Figure 5 Diagram of the gear ratios Figure 6: Cross section through a door closer with an inner piston and additional inner piston chambers with channels, throttles and valves in the pistons and with pockets for passing on the hydraulic fluid in the housing.
- Figure 10 Cross section through a door closer with inner piston and throttles, channels and valves in the housing.
- Figure 12 Section through Figure 10
- a spring piston 2 is also present within a housing 5 in addition to the door piston 3.
- the door piston 3 is provided with an internal toothing 4.
- a pinion 8 With the internal toothing 4 is a pinion 8, which with the linkage, not shown, which is attached to the door closer or to the door frame in addition to the connection to the door closer. driven. It can be seen that in this type of solution the coupling between the spring 1 and the door piston 3 is not achieved directly, but via an intermediate hydraulic transmission.
- the spring 1 is supported on the one hand on the side wall 117 and on the other hand against the spring piston 2.
- the space that is occupied by the spring 1 is the spring space 21.
- the separation of the spring piston 2 from the door piston 3 creates an additional space 25.
- This space 25 is connected to the inner piston space 26 inside the door piston 3.
- the knurled cage 9 virtually creates an inner bulb 10 which divides the interior into an inner bulb space 26 and 27 within the door bulb 3.
- the inner bulb space 27 is connected by a channel to the door bulb space 24 on the other side outside the door bulb .
- the door piston chamber 24 is operatively connected to the spring chamber 21 via a channel 53, which is preferably located in the side wall.
- the spring piston 2 moves towards the door piston 3, i.e. the spring 1 relaxes, so in addition to the volume displaced by the spring piston 2, the space 25 must also accommodate the volume displaced by the pinion cage 9 in the inner piston space 26.
- the travel of the door piston 3 is therefore greater than that of the spring piston 2.
- its force is smaller than that of the spring piston 2, which means a translation ⁇ 1.
- a mathematical analysis reveals the translation factor for the force translation. The effects are shown in FIG. 2. In the schematic considerations, only the channels which are also significant for this application are shown
- FIG. 3 thus shows the corresponding displacement process in the event that the inner piston chamber 27 is connected to the chamber 25, the inner piston chamber 26 is connected to the door piston chamber 24 and, moreover, is additionally connected to the spring chamber 21 via channels.
- this results in a transmission ratio which is> 1. because in this case the space 25 accommodates the volume displaced by the spring piston 2, but at the same time removes a part of it into the inner piston space 27.
- the path of the door piston 3 is smaller than that of the spring piston 2. The effect, however, is that its force is greater, which makes a mathematical observation clear
- FIG. 7 shows the door closer in area c of the closing process.
- the sections (small letters) and the states (large letters) of the two pistons are shown below the spring piston 2 and the door piston 3.
- the channel 51 inside the door piston 3 is opened via the pocket 71, which is located in the side wall.
- channel 50 can only be opened, for example, by pocket 70, because pocket 68 lies on a different plane and thereby cannot open, channel 50 therefore remains closed.
- the pockets and channels are located on the side of the piston rim in several levels, each at the same level with the outlet openings of the channels.
- region b is finally reached, which can be seen in FIG. 6.
- the channel 46 connects the piston chamber 24 to the inner piston chamber 27 via the pocket 66.
- the channel 47 also connects the inner piston chamber 26 to the chamber 25 via the pocket 67.
- the channel 50 is also opened via the pocket 70.
- this area is ineffective since a flow of the damping medium through the check valve 81 within the door piston 3 is prevented due to the excess pressure in the inner piston chamber 26.
- a gear ratio ⁇ 1 is present, which is characterized in that the door piston 3 moves at a higher speed but with a smaller force than the spring piston 2.
- the movement of the door piston 3 is damped by a throttle 82 .
- the closing process of area a is shown by the schematic representation in FIG. 8. This area is in reality very small in comparison to the previously described areas and has therefore been reproduced substantially enlarged for better understanding.
- the area a is the area in which the actual closing of the door takes place, which means that a much higher force is required than for the normal closing process, since, due to the lock on a door, the latch of the Lock must also snap into the striking plate.
- the channel 49 connects the door piston chamber 24 to the inner piston chamber 26 via the pocket 69.
- the channel 48 connects the inner piston chamber 27 to the chamber 25 via the pocket 68.
- the channel 50 is also open via the pocket 70, but this opening is ineffective, since a flow of the damping medium through the check valve 81 is prevented due to the overpressure in the inner piston chamber 26.
- Ü> 1 which means that the door piston 3 moves at a lower speed but with a higher force than the spring piston 2.
- the movement of the door piston 3 is damped by a throttle 83.
- FIG. 1 a hydraulic solution with external throttles and transmission transitions is explained in more detail in FIG.
- the door closer has been shown here in a schematic sectional view in plan view.
- the spring piston 2 with the spring 1 is located in the housing 5.
- a door piston 3 with teeth 4, a pinion 8 and a pinion cage 9 is also shown.
- the inner piston chamber 26 is connected to a side plate 15 through a bore 90 and to a further side plate 16 through a bore 91.
- the inner piston space 27 is also through bores 92, 93 with the Side plates 15, 16 are able to regulate the damping medium according to the desired processes or to prevent the outflow.
- FIG. 11 and likewise in FIG. 12 sectional representations have been reproduced, in which the side plates, which can be exchanged, have been shown in better detail. This representation makes it clear that the existing channels, bores, pockets etc. with the grooves, pockets or channels also present in the pistons are controlled in a controlled manner when the side plates meet.
- the area b for the closing process is first explained in more detail.
- a small force acts on the door piston 3.
- the pockets 112, 113 of the side wall 15 of the housing 5 are above the grooves 100, 106.
- the connection from the inner piston chamber 26 to the chamber 25 is thus established, namely via the bore 90.
- the connection between the inner piston chamber 27 and the piston chamber 24 is also connected, namely via the bore 93, a groove 105, the pocket 116, a channel 104, a pocket 115 and a groove 103.
- the state as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 therefore applies, namely a force transmission with Ü ⁇ 1.
- a compensation between the inner piston chamber 26 and the inner piston chamber 27 via the bore 90, the groove 100, a channel 97 and the bore 92 is prevented by a check valve 86, since there is an overpressure in the inner bulb space 26 during the closing process
- section a which means that the door piston 3 moves to the left: accordingly, the pockets and channels are shown in dashed lines on the right side.
- the groove 95 there is a groove 95. the groove 106. a groove 102 and the groove 103 over the corresponding associated pockets 110, 112, 114, 115, so that the connections to the inner piston chamber 27 with the chamber 25 and the inner piston chamber 26 with the Turkolben ⁇ 24 are made. Therefore, the condition applies here, as is shown in the schematic illustration of FIGS. 3 and 4 with a high tongue U> 1 prevails.
- the pressure compensation for the spring piston 2 in the last part of area a is achieved in that a pocket 111 in the rare plate 15 lies over a groove 107 in the spring piston 2, and thus over a bore 94 in the spring piston 2, the groove 107, the pocket 111 , a channel 96 with the throttle 89 then located, the pocket 112 and the groove 106 connects the spring chamber 21 to the chamber 25.
- the pockets are shown in the pierced position within FIGS. 11 and 12, since the door piston 3 is here in its rightmost position.
- a connection is made from the inner piston chamber 27 to the inner piston chamber 26. This takes place via the bore 93, the groove 105, the pocket 116, the channel 104, the pocket 115, a channel 101, the pocket 114, the groove 102 and the bore 91.
Landscapes
- Closing And Opening Devices For Wings, And Checks For Wings (AREA)
- Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
- Circuits Of Receivers In General (AREA)
- Power Steering Mechanism (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE1996/000186 WO1997029266A1 (en) | 1996-02-07 | 1996-02-07 | Programmable door operator |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0879336A1 true EP0879336A1 (en) | 1998-11-25 |
EP0879336B1 EP0879336B1 (en) | 2000-08-16 |
Family
ID=6918327
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96901704A Expired - Lifetime EP0879336B1 (en) | 1996-02-07 | 1996-02-07 | Programmable door operator |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0879336B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE195574T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE59605767D1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1997029266A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19538482C1 (en) * | 1995-10-17 | 1997-02-06 | Dorma Gmbh & Co Kg | Hydraulic servo door closer |
SE516025C2 (en) † | 1999-05-04 | 2001-11-12 | Besam Ab | Control device for doors, gates and similar elements |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2619207A1 (en) * | 1976-04-30 | 1977-11-10 | Ver Baubeschlag Gretsch Co | Cover for trap door locking mechanism - has differently connected plates for left or right hand operation |
US4231134A (en) * | 1978-04-20 | 1980-11-04 | Casma Di V. Marinoni & Figli | Automatic door closing arrangement |
FR2469541A1 (en) * | 1979-11-15 | 1981-05-22 | Pont A Mousson | MODULAR SYSTEM FOR DOOR CLOSER |
DE3524185A1 (en) * | 1985-07-05 | 1987-01-15 | Geze Gmbh | DOOR CLOSER |
GB8618668D0 (en) * | 1986-07-31 | 1986-09-10 | Nouveaux Security Products Ltd | Door operating mechanism |
US4979261A (en) * | 1989-06-05 | 1990-12-25 | Schlage Lock Company | Variable position door closer |
SE9200088L (en) * | 1992-01-14 | 1993-06-21 | Leif Nordqvist | DOER FIRST WATCHER |
-
1996
- 1996-02-07 EP EP96901704A patent/EP0879336B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-02-07 DE DE59605767T patent/DE59605767D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-02-07 WO PCT/DE1996/000186 patent/WO1997029266A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1996-02-07 AT AT96901704T patent/ATE195574T1/en active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9729266A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0879336B1 (en) | 2000-08-16 |
ATE195574T1 (en) | 2000-09-15 |
DE59605767D1 (en) | 2000-09-21 |
WO1997029266A1 (en) | 1997-08-14 |
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