EP0867548A2 - Textiles Gewirk als Verstärkungseinlage zur Herstellung dreidimensionaler faserverstärkter Gegenstände - Google Patents
Textiles Gewirk als Verstärkungseinlage zur Herstellung dreidimensionaler faserverstärkter Gegenstände Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0867548A2 EP0867548A2 EP98105332A EP98105332A EP0867548A2 EP 0867548 A2 EP0867548 A2 EP 0867548A2 EP 98105332 A EP98105332 A EP 98105332A EP 98105332 A EP98105332 A EP 98105332A EP 0867548 A2 EP0867548 A2 EP 0867548A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- knitted fabric
- loops
- reinforcing fibers
- fabric according
- stitch
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims description 61
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000003518 stress fiber Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B21/14—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes
- D04B21/16—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes incorporating synthetic threads
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
- D10B2403/03—Shape features
- D10B2403/033—Three dimensional fabric, e.g. forming or comprising cavities in or protrusions from the basic planar configuration, or deviations from the cylindrical shape as generally imposed by the fabric forming process
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2505/00—Industrial
- D10B2505/02—Reinforcing materials; Prepregs
Definitions
- the invention relates to a textile knitted fabric Reinforcement insert for the production of three-dimensional fiber-reinforced Objects according to the preamble of the claim 1.
- the fibers allow stability, especially tensile strength, bending stiffness, torsional stiffness etc. set specifically and thus the actual Adjust stress.
- the fiber material is thereby embedded in a plastic matrix.
- fiber material So far, mainly fiberglass fabrics have been used, which have been bound with epoxy resin or other resins.
- fabrics have the major disadvantage that the individual, crossing fibers (see. Fig. 12 and 13) wavy are the result that the tensile stress Fibers these are also subjected to bending.
- Continue fabrics in warp and weft are different highly resilient and can be perpendicular to the surface practically do not deform the flat fabric. Tissues are therefore it should only be used sensibly where smooth surfaces with low curvature can be produced should or areas that are distortion-free unwind a flat surface.
- fibers with a more directional orientation are increasingly becoming Structure used (see. Fig. 10 and 11).
- the mono-axial fibers all lie Fibers elongated parallel to each other and without bending in one level.
- Your surface structure is knitted Twine made what on warp knitting machines (too Called jacquard or rustling machines).
- Directional Structures come in different designs usual, for example mono-axial warp direction, mono-axial Shot direction, horizontal and vertical bi-axial (cf. 10 and 11), diagonal-bi-axial, diagonal and weft-tri-axial, diagonal and horizontal tri-axial as well as multi-axial up to four axis directions, with the diagonal angle can move between 30 ° and 60 °.
- a disadvantage of this structure is that in the non-deformed or only slightly deformed parts Thread reserve is present, increasing the strength in these Areas after the deformation is reduced and the weight of the knitted fabric is unnecessarily high.
- the object of the invention is the known textile knitted fabric to further improve that it is optimal to the object to be manufactured is adapted to all Provide the optimal strength with as little as possible Weight there.
- the basic principle of the invention consists in the two-dimensional So build flat knitted fabric so that the length the reinforcing fibers as exactly as possible the desired corresponds to three-dimensional shape. To do this only or loops near the points to be deformed formed such a length that after complete three-dimensional Deformation of all reinforcing fibers and both the deformed as well as the undeformed reinforcing fibers are stretched loop-free. So it will only be specifically formed loops where they are for the three-dimensional deformed object are needed. These loops are placed as close as possible to the deformation point, so that when deforming the "thread reserve" from the immediate Is brought close, with which the internal friction when deforming is reduced. This also avoids that too much stress on the fibers during forming and can tear or break.
- any fibers can be used as reinforcing fibers be such.
- the shape of the individual fibers is also arbitrary, such as B. single fibers, spun fibers, ribbons or the like.
- the reinforcement fibers are preferably before their processing impregnated as a knitted fabric in synthetic resin. So achieved one that after the deformation in all places essentially the same amount of resin is present.
- electrically conductive heating wires be introduced during the deformation process ensure an even heat distribution in which they are heated by electric current. In the previous construction was in the places where the greatest deformation takes place, the least warming and vice versa.
- the mesh loops that serve as a support grid are used for an embodiment of the invention only to the extreme highly deformed areas torn while being at the others Make another carry or support function.
- Fig. 1 shows schematically a flat, flat section of a textile knitted fabric 1, which has a variety of reinforcing fibers V1 ... V6, which is characterized by a variety of Mesh chains M1 ... M7 lying parallel to each other to be kept in a large area. These chains of stitches form the binding material.
- the length of each Stitches 2 is constant so that the whole structure is one rectangular grid (e.g. A1, B1) has with the individual Sections A1 to A15 in the longitudinal direction of the stitch chains and across it the distance between two adjacent chains, such as B. the distance B1 between the stitch chain M1 and the mesh chains M2.
- the reinforcing fibers are to be deformed three-dimensionally placed in loops S1 while in the places where the knitted fabric is not deformed out of the plane is, essentially elongated along the respective Mesh chain run.
- the fibers therefore run in sections A1 and A2 from chain M1 to chain M2 and back to stitch chain M1 as loop S1.
- a larger thread reserve is required for A3 to A6.
- the reinforcing fibers therefore form larger loops S2 and S3, which range from the M1 chain to the chain chain M4 and back (loop S1) and over sections A5 and A6 extend as a loop S3.
- the loop formation proceeds the reinforcement fiber from section to section (e.g. from A1 to A2) always around a stitch 2 of the stitch chain ahead, d. H. the respective reinforcing fiber is in each of sections A1 ... A15 exactly once on a stitch 2 attached to the chains.
- sections A1 to A3 shown another variant of the invention, at that of the single reinforcing thread V1 within a section forms several loops.
- Section A1 forms he, for example, two loops S1 and S2, which differ from of chain chain M1 to chain chain M3.
- the reinforcing fiber V1 spans the mesh chain M2 and can also be attached to this by the Reinforcing fiber V1 under the longitudinal one Section 3 of the stitch chains passed and with it fixed.
- section A3 it forms three loops S3, S4, S5, which also extends from stitch chain M1 to Stretch stitch chain M3.
- section A3 it also forms three loops S6, S7, S8, two of which (S6, S7) from chain M1 to chain M3 and the third (S8) extends from stitch chain M1 to stitch chain M4.
- Section A4 contains only a complete one Loop S9 from the stitch in section A4 goes out (M1), runs to the stitch chain M2 and inside of the same section A4 returns to the same stitch. In this way it is possible to have a higher internal thread reserve to store without the individual loops too become long.
- FIG. 1 Another variant is in sections A7 to A12 shown, in which a loop S10 over several Sections A7 to A12 extends.
- the loop S10 begins on the stitch of stitch loop M1 in section A7 attached to stitch chain M2 only in section A9 and from there goes back to the stitch of the chain M1 in the Section A12.
- the loop S10 thus extends over several successive stitches.
- the arrangement can be symmetrical or asymmetrical.
- the loop S11 is very asymmetrical. It starts in section A12 on chain stitch M1, goes in section A15 to stitch chain M3 and inside the same section A15 back to stitch chain M1.
- the required thread reserve can be almost any vary, which, together with the chosen grid dimension it is ensured that with completely deformed knitted fabric all reinforcement threads are fully stretched and in the process have the best reinforcement properties.
- 3 to 6 show an application example of the textile Knitted fabric, three-dimensional to a truncated pyramid 4 is deformed.
- Fig. 3 shows schematically a cross section of the truncated pyramid 4 and a dashed line projected onto it square grid. Is the pitch angle of the Pyramid frustum - as shown - exactly 45 °, so must in the corresponding grids on the ascent page 5 and the waste side 6 of the truncated pyramid 4 of the reinforcing thread V1 in relation to the length 1.414 (root 2) to length 1 of the square grid.
- Fig. 4 shows a top view of the flat, yet undeformed knitted fabric in projection onto the truncated pyramid 4. From this Fig. it can be seen that only the reinforcing fibers V4 to V12, which run over the two pyramid surfaces 5 and 6, be stretched during deformation and therefore a thread reserve have to form.
- the pyramid sides 7 and 8 and the upper, flat surface 9 are the reinforcing fibers of the flat textile knitted fabric already stretched as it does not stretch when deformed Need to become.
- 5 shows a schematic top view of a truncated pyramid-shaped body 4 with deformed textile knitted fabric. It can be seen that all reinforcing fibers V1 to V15 stretched in all areas 5 to 9 are.
- Fig. 6 shows a perspective view of the truncated pyramid 4 of FIG. 5, here as well as in FIG. 3 to 5 the binding threads are omitted.
- the total extension to the apex is 11 7.85.
- the corresponding thread reserve is, as in FIG. 8 shown, as far as possible within the respective Section A1, A2 ... housed or "saved", so that the required reserve length when the knitted fabric is deformed can be taken from the respective section and not or only to a very small extent from neighboring Sections must be fetched.
- Thread reserve is one perspective view of the corresponding spherical cap 11 with fully stretched and precisely adapted to the shape Reinforcing fibers V1 ... shown. In the undeformed Areas of the binding thread M are also shown schematically. The binding thread is not shown in the deformed part, because it is destroyed during the deformation.
- each of the illustrated embodiments only a uniaxial thread structure of the reinforcing fibers shown.
- the invention then works in such cases with multilayer structures, the main axes of which are under one Angle to each other.
- the individual layers are then constructed in the same way as in the previously described Embodiments, with the individual layers by the binding threads or stitch chains connected are, so that the relative arrangement of the individual layers is fixed to each other.
- Reinforcing fibers such as. B. the reinforcing fiber V1 in Fig. 9, which runs along the spherical meridian, particularly to mark, for example by a color marking. This allows the knitted fabric to be positioned precisely for deformation will.
- the reinforcing fibers to design the textile knitted fabric differently, be it by choosing different materials or by choosing different material thicknesses, whereby one can specifically influence the respective strength.
- FIGS. 10 and 11 show a plan view and a cross section of a textile knitted fabric with directional Structure according to the state of the art.
- the threads of the corresponding Directions, d. H. the longitudinal threads L1 to Ln and the transverse threads Q1 to Qn each lie in one plane and are linked together by binding threads B1 to Bn. All longitudinal and transverse threads are stretched in a straight line.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Fig. 1
- eine Prinzipskizze eines Gewirkes nach einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung;
- Fig. 2
- eine Prinzipskizze eines Gewirkes nach einem zweiten und einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung;
- Fig. 3 bis 6
- ein Anwendungsbeispiel der Erfindung zur Herstellung eines Pyramidenstumpfes in Schnittdarstellung des Pyramidenstumpfes (Fig. 3), in Draufsicht auf das noch unverformte Gewirk (Fig. 4), in Draufsicht auf das verformte Gewirk (Fig. 5) sowie in perspektivischer Ansicht des verformten Gewirkes (Fig. 6);
- Fig. 7 bis 9
- ein Anwendungsbeispiel der Erfindung zur Herstellung eines kugelkalottenförmigen Körpers in Schnittdarstellung (Fig. 7), in Draufsicht auf das noch unverformte Gewirk (Fig. 8) und in perspektivischer Darstellung des verformten Gewirkes (Fig. 9);
- Fig. 10 und 11
- eine Draufsicht und eine Schnittdarstellung eines bi-axialen Gewirkes nach dem Stand der Technik; und
- Fig. 12 und 13
- eine Draufsicht und eine Schnittdarstellung eines Gewebes nach dem Stand der Technik.
Claims (15)
- Textiles Gewirk als Verstärkungseinlage zur Herstellung dreidimensionaler faserverstärkter Gegenstände mit einer Vielzahl von in einer Richtung orientierten Verstärkungsfasern und mit Bindefäden in Form von Maschenketten, die die Verstärkungsfasern im Gewirk halten, wobei die Verstärkungsfasern im unverformten, noch ebenen Gewirk durch Schlaufenbildung eine innere Fadenreserve bilden und wobei die Bindefäden bei Verformung des Gewirkes ein sich Strecken der Schlaufen ermöglichen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Schlaufen (S) der Verstärkungsfasern (V) so gelegt sind, daß die innere Fadenreserve nahe den zu verformenden Stellen angeordnet ist und daß die Länge der Schlaufen so bemessen ist, daß nach vollständiger dreidimensionaler Verformung alle Verstärkungsfasern (V) und zwar sowohl die verformten als auch die nicht verformten schlaufenfrei gestreckt sind. - Gewirk nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Schlaufen (S) der Verstärkungsfasern (V) je nach benötigter innerer Fadenreserve eine ganzzahlige Anzahl von benachbarten Maschenketten (S) überspannen. - Gewirk nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Schlaufen der Verstärkungsfasern (V) in Längsrichtung der Maschenketten (M) je nach benötigter innerer Fadenreserve ein unterschiedliches Maß des Voranschreitens haben. - Gewirk nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Schlaufen in einem Rastermaß (A, B) angeordnet sind und derart verteilt sind, daß bei Verformung der überwiegende Anteil der inneren Fadenreserve innerhalb des entsprechenden Rasters liegt. - Gewirk nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Verstärkungsfasern (V) im ebenen, noch unverformten Gewirk (1) ondulationsfrei in einer Ebene liegen. - Gewirk nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zwei oder mehr Gewirke (1) übereinander liegen, wobei die Orientierung der Verstärkungsfasern der verschiedenen Lagen in einem Winkel zwischen 30° und 90° liegt. - Gewirk nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß eine Verstärkungsfaser (V) des Gewirkes (1) farblich gekennzeichnet ist. - Gewirk nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Schlaufen (S) in Längsrichtung der Maschenketten (M) der Bindefäden eine Schrittweite von einer Masche (2) haben. - Gewirk nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Schlaufen (S) in Längsrichtung der Maschenketten (M) eine Schrittweite von weniger als einer Masche (2) haben und daß innerhalb einer Masche (M) mehrere Schlaufen (S) angeordnet sind. - Gewirk nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Schlaufen (S) in Längsrichtung der Maschenketten (M) eine schrittweite von mehr als einer Masche (2) haben. - Gewirk nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Verstärkungsfasern (V) eines Gewirkes (1) unterschiedliche mechanische Eigenschaften haben, insbesondere aus unterschiedlichem Material bestehen oder unterschiedliche Dicke haben. - Gewirk nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Verstärkungsfasern (V) in Kunstharz getränkt sind. - Gewirk nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß parallel zu den Verstärkungsfasern (V) verlaufende Fasern aus Thermoplast oder Duroplast angeordnet sind. - Gewirk nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß parallel zu den Verstärkungsfasern (V) elektrisch leitfähige Heizdrähte angeordnet sind. - Gewirk nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Maschenketten (M) derart dimensioniert sind, daß sie bei Verformung des Gewirkes (1) nur an den extrem hochverformten Stellen zerstört bzw. zerrissen werden, während sie an den nicht oder nur gering verformten Stellen eine Trag- und Stützfunktion ausüben.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1997112250 DE19712250B4 (de) | 1997-03-24 | 1997-03-24 | Textiles Gewirk als Verstärkungseinlage zur Herstellung dreidimensionaler faserverstärkter Gegenstände |
DE19712250 | 1997-03-24 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0867548A2 true EP0867548A2 (de) | 1998-09-30 |
EP0867548A3 EP0867548A3 (de) | 1999-10-06 |
Family
ID=7824409
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98105332A Withdrawn EP0867548A3 (de) | 1997-03-24 | 1998-03-24 | Textiles Gewirk als Verstärkungseinlage zur Herstellung dreidimensionaler faserverstärkter Gegenstände |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0867548A3 (de) |
DE (1) | DE19712250B4 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20220039975A1 (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2022-02-10 | Ottobock Se & Co. Kgaa | Prosthesis liner |
US11976393B2 (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2024-05-07 | Mas Innovation (Private) Limited | Knitted structure for an actuation element |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10250826B4 (de) * | 2002-10-31 | 2008-05-29 | Airbus Deutschland Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines dreidimensionalen Preforms |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0436419A1 (de) * | 1989-12-22 | 1991-07-10 | Isofran | Textiler Kern, Verfahren zur Herstellung davon mit solchem textilen Kern erhaltene Kompositware |
WO1991015620A1 (en) * | 1990-03-30 | 1991-10-17 | Courtaulds Plc | Reinforcement |
DE4042063A1 (de) * | 1990-12-28 | 1992-07-02 | Schwarz Gerhard | Verfahren zur herstellung von flaechigen fadenverbunden insbesondere aus hochfesten faeden, die damit hergestellten kunststoff/faden-verbundwerkstoffen neue eigenschaften verleihen |
DE4218860A1 (de) * | 1992-06-09 | 1993-12-16 | Chemnitz Textiltech Forsch | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Flächengebilden mit hohem Umformvermögen |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3813741C2 (de) * | 1988-04-23 | 1998-12-24 | Vorwerk Co Interholding | Bauteil auf Gewirkebasis und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
-
1997
- 1997-03-24 DE DE1997112250 patent/DE19712250B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-03-24 EP EP98105332A patent/EP0867548A3/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0436419A1 (de) * | 1989-12-22 | 1991-07-10 | Isofran | Textiler Kern, Verfahren zur Herstellung davon mit solchem textilen Kern erhaltene Kompositware |
WO1991015620A1 (en) * | 1990-03-30 | 1991-10-17 | Courtaulds Plc | Reinforcement |
DE4042063A1 (de) * | 1990-12-28 | 1992-07-02 | Schwarz Gerhard | Verfahren zur herstellung von flaechigen fadenverbunden insbesondere aus hochfesten faeden, die damit hergestellten kunststoff/faden-verbundwerkstoffen neue eigenschaften verleihen |
DE4218860A1 (de) * | 1992-06-09 | 1993-12-16 | Chemnitz Textiltech Forsch | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Flächengebilden mit hohem Umformvermögen |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20220039975A1 (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2022-02-10 | Ottobock Se & Co. Kgaa | Prosthesis liner |
US11976393B2 (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2024-05-07 | Mas Innovation (Private) Limited | Knitted structure for an actuation element |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19712250B4 (de) | 2004-01-08 |
EP0867548A3 (de) | 1999-10-06 |
DE19712250A1 (de) | 1998-10-01 |
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