EP0843324B1 - A power supply circuit for an electromagnet - Google Patents
A power supply circuit for an electromagnet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0843324B1 EP0843324B1 EP97402718A EP97402718A EP0843324B1 EP 0843324 B1 EP0843324 B1 EP 0843324B1 EP 97402718 A EP97402718 A EP 97402718A EP 97402718 A EP97402718 A EP 97402718A EP 0843324 B1 EP0843324 B1 EP 0843324B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- power supply
- thyristor
- circuit
- winding
- coil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
- H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
- H01F7/1805—Circuit arrangements for holding the operation of electromagnets or for holding the armature in attracted position with reduced energising current
Definitions
- the invention relates to a supply circuit for a coil for an electromagnet. provided with a single winding, comprising a power source of continuous low voltage, an alternating high voltage power source, both mounted across the winding, and a switching device mounted in series with the high voltage source and suitable for securing or blocking high voltage winding supply.
- a coil can be made up of two windings, one main winding sized to support most of the calling power, and an auxiliary winding sufficiently dimensioned to provide the power necessary to maintain the movable frame.
- This type of double winding coil however, has a significant size disadvantage.
- the invention therefore aims to supply a coil electromagnet with single winding from an inexpensive supply circuit and can be used indifferently for voltages varying from 100 to 500 Volts.
- the supply circuit is characterized in that the switching device includes a thyristor mounted between the high source voltage and winding, and a thyristor control circuit mounted across the thyristor and connected to its trigger; the control circuit allows the conduction of the thyristor during the delivery by the high voltage source of an alternation positive of a voltage wave.
- the supply circuit of the invention therefore does not require a device reduction in consumption because the supply is stopped at high voltage while the winding remains supplied with low voltage, stopping taking place automatically at zero crossing of the alternating voltage passing through the thyristor.
- FIG. 1 The diagram visible in Figure 1 represents the supply circuit of a coil 10, provided with a single winding 11, with an electromagnet for a device contactor type switch.
- the electromagnet includes the coil 10, a circuit fixed magnetic and a movable magnetic circuit intended to be attracted by the circuit magnetic fixed when the coil is energized.
- the movement of the mobile magnetic circuit is triggered by the crossing of the winding 11 of the coil, for a short time, by a current high current call from a high voltage power source alternative 30 disposed across the winding 11; keeping it in position attracted is achieved by the continuous supply of the coil by a current of maintenance, of intensity lower than that of the inrush current, delivered by a source of continuous low voltage 20 also arranged at the terminals of the winding 11, between a high line L1 and a low line L2.
- the alternative high-voltage power source 30 can be the electrical distribution network and continuous low voltage power source 20 can be a low voltage source of around 12 Volts intended for the power supply of electronic circuits and supplied for example by a transformer whose primary constitutes an element of a current path of a derived electrical circuit in which direct current flows.
- a diode D1 is preferably connected in series with the source at low voltage 20 to avoid when the coil is supplied by the high voltage source 30 the return of the high charging voltage to the source 20.
- a switching device 40 is mounted in series with the source to high voltage 30. It is capable of ensuring or blocking the supply of the winding 11 in high voltage.
- the device 40 comprises in series, between the high power source voltage 30 and winding 11, an on-off switch 41 and a thyristor 42 initiable by a control circuit 43 mounted in parallel to the thyristor between two connection points of anode A and cathode B and connected to its trigger G.
- control circuit 43 comprises in series a diode D2 the anode of which is connected to the connection point A, a normally closed switch 44 and an RC timing circuit comprising in series a variable resistor R connected to switch 44 and a capacitor C connected to connection point B.
- the control circuit 43 comprises a diode D3, of the Zener type or with controlled avalanche, located between the trigger G of thyristor 42 and a point of connection E between resistor R and capacitor C, and a freewheeling diode D4 whose cathode and anode are respectively connected to connection points E and B.
- the low DC voltage delivered by the source 20 is applied to winding 11 but it remains insufficient to produce the ampere-turns necessary to trigger the movement of the mobile magnetic circuit.
- Closing the switch 41 causes current to flow through the timing circuit RC, which causes the charging of capacitor C.
- the gate G of the thyristor receives via the diode D3 a control pulse and the thyristor 42 then becomes conducting.
- the voltage V D3 is characteristic of the delay in the ignition of the thyristor 42 which represents the time elapsed between the closing of the switch 41 and the activation of the thyristor.
- the voltage V D3 depends on the charging time of the capacitor C, itself a function of the value of the resistance R which it is possible to vary.
- the delay in the ignition of the thyristor is adjustable as a function of the value of the resistance.
- the resistance R is adjusted so that the triggering of the trigger G of the thyristor takes place during the rise of a positive alternation of the voltage wave which must pass through the thyristor.
- the ignition of thyristor 42 is driven by detection means suitable for opening the switch 44 to avoid passing for a second positive alternation of voltage V in circuit 43.
- the thyristor 42 conducts and supplies the winding 11 which is sufficiently excited to generate movement of the mobile magnetic circuit.
- the capacitor C can discharge thanks to the freewheeling diode D4 when the voltage V becomes, in absolute value, greater than the value V D3 .
- the coil remains only powered by the source current at low DC voltage 20, which allows the circuit to be kept in the attracted position mobile magnetic.
- the supply of the coil by the source 20 is interrupted by a switching device 21, of the type mechanical or electrical, placed in series between source 20 and diode D1 ( Figure 1).
- the switch 21 can be placed in parallel with the winding 11, between the cathode of diode D1 and the low line L2 or alternatively, in series with the coil (not illustrated).
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Relay Circuits (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
Description
L'invention se rapporte à un circuit d'alimentation d'une bobine pour électro-aimant munie d'un unique enroulement, comprenant une source d'alimentation de basse tension continue, une source d'alimentation de haute tension alternative, montées toutes deux aux bornes de l'enroulement, et un dispositif de commutation monté en série avec la source de haute tension et apte à assurer ou à bloquer l'alimentation de l'enroulement en haute tension.The invention relates to a supply circuit for a coil for an electromagnet. provided with a single winding, comprising a power source of continuous low voltage, an alternating high voltage power source, both mounted across the winding, and a switching device mounted in series with the high voltage source and suitable for securing or blocking high voltage winding supply.
Pour commander un électro-aimant, il est connu d'alimenter la bobine qui lui est associée par un niveau élevé de courant dit d'appel afin de permettre la montée du circuit magnétique mobile de l'électro-aimant, puis par un niveau plus faible de courant dit de maintien permettant le maintien du circuit magnétique mobile tout en minimisant la consommation de courant et la dissipation thermique.To control an electromagnet, it is known to power the coil which associated with it by a high level of so-called inrush current in order to allow the rise of the mobile magnetic circuit of the electromagnet, then by a higher level low so-called holding current allowing the mobile magnetic circuit to be maintained while minimizing current consumption and heat dissipation.
Pour rendre possible successivement le passage d'un courant élevé et d'un courant plus faible, une bobine peut être constituée de deux enroulements, un enroulement principal dimensionné pour supporter l'essentiel de la puissance d'appel, et un enroulement auxiliaire suffisamment dimensionné pour fournir la puissance nécessaire au maintien de l'armature mobile.To make possible successively the passage of a high current and a lower current, a coil can be made up of two windings, one main winding sized to support most of the calling power, and an auxiliary winding sufficiently dimensioned to provide the power necessary to maintain the movable frame.
Ce type de bobine à double enroulement présente cependant un inconvénient d'encombrement non négligeable.This type of double winding coil, however, has a significant size disadvantage.
On trouve par conséquent, par exemple dans le document FR 2 568 715, des bobines à un seul enroulement relié à une source unique de haute tension, dimensionné pour supporter la puissance d'appel et dont le circuit d'alimentation est pourvu d'un dispositif hacheur qui permet d'abaisser le courant alimentant l'enroulement à son niveau de maintien. Cependant un tel dispositif présente un coût de revient onéreux et doit être adapté à chaque valeur de tension d'alimentation utilisée, que ce soit 100 Volts ou 400 Volts.Consequently, for example, in document FR 2 568 715, there are coils with a single winding connected to a single source of high voltage, dimensioned to support the call power and the supply circuit of which is provided with a chopping device which makes it possible to lower the current supplying the winding at its maintenance level. However such device has an expensive cost price and must be adapted to each value of supply voltage used, whether 100 Volts or 400 Volts.
L'invention a par conséquent pour but l'alimentation d'une bobine d'électro-aimant à unique enroulement à partir d'un circuit d'alimentation peu coûteux et utilisable indifféremment pour des tensions variant de 100 à 500 Volts.The invention therefore aims to supply a coil electromagnet with single winding from an inexpensive supply circuit and can be used indifferently for voltages varying from 100 to 500 Volts.
Selon l'invention, le circuit d'alimentation est caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commutation comprend un thyristor monté entre la source de haute tension et l'enroulement, et un circuit de commande du thyristor monté aux bornes du thyristor et relié à sa gâchette; le circuit de commande permet la mise en conduction du thyristor lors de la délivrance par la source de haute tension d'une alternance positive d'une onde de tension.According to the invention, the supply circuit is characterized in that the switching device includes a thyristor mounted between the high source voltage and winding, and a thyristor control circuit mounted across the thyristor and connected to its trigger; the control circuit allows the conduction of the thyristor during the delivery by the high voltage source of an alternation positive of a voltage wave.
Le circuit d'alimentation de l'invention ne nécessite donc pas de dispositif de réduction de consommation car on effectue un arrêt de l'alimentation en haute tension tandis que l'enroulement reste alimenté en basse tension, l'arrêt s'opérant automatiquement au passage par zéro de la tension alternative traversant le thyristor.The supply circuit of the invention therefore does not require a device reduction in consumption because the supply is stopped at high voltage while the winding remains supplied with low voltage, stopping taking place automatically at zero crossing of the alternating voltage passing through the thyristor.
La description ci-après, avec référence au dessin annexé, va mieux expliciter les avantages de l'invention:
- la figure 1 est un schéma du circuit d'alimentation de la bobine d'un électro-aimant selon l'invention;
- la figure 2 montre un diagramme permettant d'illustrer la mise en conduction du thyristor du circuit d'alimentation.
- Figure 1 is a diagram of the supply circuit of the coil of an electromagnet according to the invention;
- Figure 2 shows a diagram to illustrate the conduction of the thyristor of the supply circuit.
Le schéma visible à la figure 1 représente le circuit d'alimentation d'une
bobine 10, munie d'un unique enroulement 11, d'un électro-aimant pour un appareil
interrupteur de type contacteur.The diagram visible in Figure 1 represents the supply circuit of a
L'électro-aimant, non représenté ici, comprend la bobine 10, un circuit
magnétique fixe et un circuit magnétique mobile destiné à être attiré par le circuit
magnétique fixe quand la bobine est alimentée.The electromagnet, not shown here, includes the
Le mouvement du circuit magnétique mobile est déclenché par la
traversée de l'enroulement 11 de la bobine, pendant un court instant, par un courant
d'appel de forte intensité délivré par une source d'alimentation de haute tension
alternative 30 disposée aux bornes de l'enroulement 11; son maintien en position
attirée est réalisée par l'alimentation continuelle de la bobine par un courant de
maintien, d'intensité inférieure à celle du courant d'appel, délivré par une source de
basse tension continue 20 disposée aussi aux bornes de l'enroulement 11, entre une
ligne haute L1 et une ligne basse L2.The movement of the mobile magnetic circuit is triggered by the
crossing of the winding 11 of the coil, for a short time, by a current
high current call from a high voltage
La source d'alimentation de haute tension alternative 30 peut être le
réseau électrique de distribution et la source d'alimentation de basse tension continue
20 peut être une source de basse tension d'environ 12 Volts destinée à l'alimentation
de circuits électroniques et fournie par exemple par un transformateur dont le primaire
constitue un élément d'un chemin de courant d'un circuit électrique dérivé dans lequel
circule du courant continu.The alternative high-
Une diode D1 est de préférence montée en série avec la source à basse
tension 20 pour éviter lors de l'alimentation de la bobine par la source à haute tension
30 le retour de la haute tension de charge vers la source 20.A diode D1 is preferably connected in series with the source at
Un dispositif de commutation 40 est monté en série avec la source à
haute tension 30. Il est apte à assurer ou à bloquer l'alimentation de l'enroulement 11
en haute tension. A
Le dispositif 40 comporte en série, entre la source d'alimentation à haute
tension 30 et l'enroulement 11, un interrupteur de marche-arrêt 41 et un thyristor 42
amorçable par un circuit de commande 43 monté en parallèle au thyristor entre deux
points de connexion d'anode A et de cathode B et relié à sa gâchette G.The
Selon le mode de réalisation illustré à la figure 1, le circuit de commande
43 comprend en série une diode D2 dont l'anode est reliée au point de connexion A,
un interrupteur 44 normalement fermé et un circuit de temporisation RC comportant
en série une résistance variable R connectée à l'interrupteur 44 et un condensateur C
relié au point de connexion B.According to the embodiment illustrated in Figure 1, the
Le circuit de commande 43 comprend une diode D3, de type Zéner ou à
avalanche contrôlée, disposée entre la gâchette G du thyristor 42 et un point de
connexion E entre la résistance R et le condensateur C, et une diode de roue libre D4
dont la cathode et l'anode sont respectivement reliées aux points de connexion E et
B.The
Il va de soi qu'il est possible d'envisager d'autres circuits de commande 43
réalisant la même fonction d'amorçage du thyristor 42.It goes without saying that it is possible to envisage
Le fonctionnement du circuit va maintenant être décrit selon le mode de réalisation décrit ci-dessus et en se référant à la figure 2.The operation of the circuit will now be described according to the mode of embodiment described above and with reference to FIG. 2.
La basse tension continue délivrée par la source 20 est appliquée à
l'enroulement 11 mais elle reste insuffisante pour produire les ampères-tours
nécessaires au déclenchement du mouvement du circuit magnétique mobile.The low DC voltage delivered by the
Pour fermer le circuit magnétique, on applique donc à l'enroulement 11
une haute tension V délivrée par la source 30 en fermant l'interrupteur 41.To close the magnetic circuit, we therefore apply to winding 11
a high voltage V delivered by the
La fermeture de l'interrupteur 41 provoque le passage du courant dans le circuit de temporisation RC, ce qui entraíne la charge du condensateur C.Closing the switch 41 causes current to flow through the timing circuit RC, which causes the charging of capacitor C.
Lorsque la tension aux bornes du condensateur C atteint une tension VD3
correspondant à la tension de conduction de la diode D3, la gâchette G du thyristor
reçoit via la diode D3 une impulsion de commande et le thyristor 42 devient alors
passant.When the voltage across the capacitor C reaches a voltage V D3 corresponding to the conduction voltage of the diode D3, the gate G of the thyristor receives via the diode D3 a control pulse and the
La tension VD3 est caractéristique du retard à l'amorçage du thyristor 42
qui représente le temps écoulé entre la fermeture de l'interrupteur 41 et la mise en
conduction du thyristor. La tension VD3 dépend du temps de charge du condensateur
C, lui-même fonction de la valeur de la résistance R qu'il est possible de faire varier.
Ainsi, le retard à l'amorçage du thyristor est réglable en fonction de la valeur de la
résistance. La résistance R est réglée de façon que le déclenchement de la gâchette
G du thyristor ait lieu lors de la montée d'une alternance positive de l'onde de tension
qui doit traverser le thyristor.The voltage V D3 is characteristic of the delay in the ignition of the
L'amorçage du thyristor 42 entraíne par des moyens de détection
appropriés l'ouverture de l'interrupteur 44 pour éviter tout passage d'une seconde
alternance positive de la tension V dans le circuit 43.The ignition of
Le thyristor 42 conduit et assure l'alimentation de l'enroulement 11 qui est
suffisamment excité pour engendrer le mouvement du circuit magnétique mobile.The
Au passage à zéro de l'onde de tension traversant le thyristor, celui-ci se bloque et l'alimentation de la bobine en haute tension est interrompue. Il est alors possible de commander l'ouverture de l'interrupteur 41.When the voltage wave crossing the thyristor goes to zero, it freezes and the high voltage supply to the coil is interrupted. So he is possible to command opening of switch 41.
Le condensateur C peut se décharger grâce à la diode de roue libre D4 lorsque la tension V devient, en valeur absolue, supérieure à la valeur VD3.The capacitor C can discharge thanks to the freewheeling diode D4 when the voltage V becomes, in absolute value, greater than the value V D3 .
La bobine reste seulement alimentée par le courant de la source à basse
tension continue 20, ce qui permet le maintien en position attirée du circuit
magnétique mobile.The coil remains only powered by the source current at
Pour faire descendre le circuit magnétique mobile, l'alimentation de la
bobine par la source 20 est interrompue grâce à un dispositif interrupteur 21, de type
mécanique ou électrique, placé en série entre la source 20 et la diode D1(figure 1).
En variante l'interrupteur 21 peut être placé en parallèle à l'enroulement 11, entre la
cathode de la diode D1 et la ligne basse L2 ou encore, en série avec la bobine (non
illustré).To lower the mobile magnetic circuit, the supply of the
coil by the
Claims (5)
- Power supply circuit for a single-winding electromagnet coil (11) comprising a low voltage DC power supply (20) and a high voltage AC power supply (30) both connected to the terminals of the winding (11), together with a switching apparatus (40) connected in series with the high voltage supply (30) and capable of supplying or cutting the high voltage power supply to the winding (11) and a switching device (21) capable of cutting the low voltage power supply to the winding (11), whereinthe switching device (40) comprises a thyristor (42) connected between the high voltage power supply (30) and the winding (11), together with a circuit (43) that controls the thyristor (42) connected to the gate (G) of the thyristor;the control circuit (43) causes the thyristor (42) to conduct when the high voltage power supply (30) delivers the positive phase of a voltage wave.
- Power supply circuit for coil of claim 1, wherein the control circuit (43) comprises a timer circuit (RC) disposed on the terminals of thyristor (42) and connected in series to a resistor (R) and a capacitor (C) together with a diode (D3) whose anode and cathode are connected respectively to gate (G) of the thyristor (42) and a connection point E located between the resistor (R) and the capacitor (C).
- Power supply circuit for coil of claim 1 or 2 wherein the control circuit (43) comprises a switch (44) capable of cutting the power supply once thyristor (42) has been triggered.
- Power supply circuit for coil of claims 2 and 3 wherein the control circuit (43) comprises a recovery diode (D4) connected in parallel with capacitor (C) that ensures discharge of the capacitor after triggering of the thyristor (42) and opening of switch (44).
- Power supply circuit for coil of any of the preceding claims wherein an on/off switch (41) is connected between the high voltage source (30) and the thyristor (42).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9614122 | 1996-11-18 | ||
| FR9614122A FR2756091B1 (en) | 1996-11-18 | 1996-11-18 | FEEDING CIRCUIT OF A COIL FOR ELECTRO-MAGNET |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0843324A1 EP0843324A1 (en) | 1998-05-20 |
| EP0843324B1 true EP0843324B1 (en) | 2001-03-14 |
Family
ID=9497790
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97402718A Expired - Lifetime EP0843324B1 (en) | 1996-11-18 | 1997-11-13 | A power supply circuit for an electromagnet |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5946182A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0843324B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69704251T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2155974T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2756091B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105307553B (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2018-06-29 | 基文影像公司 | For inhibiting the method for the electromagnetic interference during manipulation device and circuit |
| CN105451631B (en) | 2013-08-29 | 2018-05-18 | 基文影像公司 | For the system and method for operating coil power optimization |
| CN105811963B (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2019-01-01 | 西安电炉研究所有限公司 | Electronics amplifying type thyratron driver and its control method |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4185315A (en) * | 1976-09-23 | 1980-01-22 | Honeywell Inc. | Apparatus with a single input connectable to electrical energizing sources of different character |
| US4112477A (en) * | 1977-06-06 | 1978-09-05 | General Motors Corporation | Circuit for energizing a fuel injector valve coil |
| US4391236A (en) * | 1981-07-24 | 1983-07-05 | Outboard Marine Corporation | CD Ignition with automatic spark retard |
| DE3213515A1 (en) * | 1982-04-10 | 1983-10-20 | Honeywell and Philips Medical Electronics B.V., 5611 Eindhoven | EXCITATION CIRCUIT FOR SOLENOID VALVES |
| JPS5914615A (en) * | 1982-07-15 | 1984-01-25 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Ac driving circuit of polarized magnet |
| JPS5948903A (en) * | 1982-09-14 | 1984-03-21 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Electromagnet device |
| JP2561453B2 (en) * | 1983-02-07 | 1996-12-11 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | Pulse power supply for electric dust collector |
| US4516185A (en) * | 1983-09-30 | 1985-05-07 | Siemens-Allis, Inc. | Time ratio control circuit for contactor or the like |
| US5734543A (en) * | 1996-03-27 | 1998-03-31 | Clemson University | Method and apparatus to improve the performance of AC solenoid devices during lapses in power quality |
-
1996
- 1996-11-18 FR FR9614122A patent/FR2756091B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-11-13 EP EP97402718A patent/EP0843324B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-13 ES ES97402718T patent/ES2155974T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-13 DE DE69704251T patent/DE69704251T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-11-18 US US08/972,326 patent/US5946182A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0843324A1 (en) | 1998-05-20 |
| US5946182A (en) | 1999-08-31 |
| DE69704251D1 (en) | 2001-04-19 |
| DE69704251T2 (en) | 2001-07-12 |
| FR2756091A1 (en) | 1998-05-22 |
| FR2756091B1 (en) | 1998-12-24 |
| ES2155974T3 (en) | 2001-06-01 |
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