EP0834703A1 - Forced convection steam oven - Google Patents

Forced convection steam oven Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0834703A1
EP0834703A1 EP97420184A EP97420184A EP0834703A1 EP 0834703 A1 EP0834703 A1 EP 0834703A1 EP 97420184 A EP97420184 A EP 97420184A EP 97420184 A EP97420184 A EP 97420184A EP 0834703 A1 EP0834703 A1 EP 0834703A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
pipe
oven
tank
inlet pipe
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Granted
Application number
EP97420184A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0834703B1 (en
Inventor
Raymond Violi
Laurent Personnettaz
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Societe Cooperative de Production Bourgeois SCOP
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Societe Cooperative de Production Bourgeois SCOP
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C15/00—Details
    • F24C15/32—Arrangements of ducts for hot gases, e.g. in or around baking ovens
    • F24C15/322—Arrangements of ducts for hot gases, e.g. in or around baking ovens with forced circulation
    • F24C15/327—Arrangements of ducts for hot gases, e.g. in or around baking ovens with forced circulation with air moisturising

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to steam and convection ovens forced, in which a cooking chamber contains a turbine making circulate air by passing it over heating elements downstream of the turbine, with a device for generating steam to produce the steam introduced into the cooking chamber.
  • Document DE 41 31 748 A describes a steam and convection oven forced in which steam production is carried out by spraying water on the heating elements.
  • EP 0 383 366 also describes a steam oven and forced convection.
  • the document expresses the problem of obtaining a regular and constant spraying. Previous solutions mentioned consist of injecting water under great pressure.
  • the solution taught by this document consists in providing a regulator, inserted upstream in the water supply pipe, and that is adjusted so that the water flows without pressure at the outlet of the pipe, above the hub turbine. To do this, the regulator must be adjusted according to the water pressure upstream of the regulator. We see that such a solution does not ensure sufficient regularity of steam production in the oven.
  • the present invention results from the observation that malfunctions result from variations in pressure water supply, producing too large variations in flow water sprayed onto the heating elements. Too much of water leads to a flow of non-vaporized water. Too low flow of water leads to insufficient steam.
  • the problem proposed by the present invention is to design a steam oven and forced convection in which the production of steam is satisfactorily controlled, whatever the conditions water supply, including water pressure conditions in the water supply source, so as to create conditions constant and satisfactory spraying and spraying of water.
  • the invention provides a steam oven and forced convection, including an enclosure air circulation turbine with heating elements downstream of the air circulation turbine, an inlet pipe to conduct water from a water supply source to an outlet arranged in the enclosure to direct a jet of water on a means of spray which projects the sprayed water onto the turbine fins air circulation, the oven further comprising a device for regulation of water flow interposed in the inlet pipe, producing a water flow independent of the water pressure in the source water supply at the entrance to the inlet pipe.
  • Such a structure of a water flow control device is particularly advantageous, simple and inexpensive to manufacture, reliable, and efficient.
  • the overflow pipe leads to excess of water in a water evacuation pipe from the oven enclosure.
  • a regulation device water flow which further includes a balancing pipe of pressure, comprising an upstream siphon part communicating with the area bottom of the tank, and connected downstream to an outlet pipe steam from the oven.
  • a balancing pipe of pressure comprising an upstream siphon part communicating with the area bottom of the tank, and connected downstream to an outlet pipe steam from the oven.
  • the means of spraying is a drilled cone, mounted axially at the end of the turbine rotation.
  • the turbine includes a flange perpendicular to its rotation shaft and carrying fins projecting from the face front of the flange, the spray cone being fixed in the center of the anterior face of the flange with its apex directed towards the flange, the inlet pipe outlet orifice directing the water radially on the side surface of the spray cone.
  • the oven comprises an enclosure 1 limited by a muffle 2, the opening 3 of which is closed by a door 4.
  • An air circulation turbine 5 is placed in the enclosure 1 in the vicinity of the rear wall 6 of the muffle 2.
  • the turbine air circulation 5 shown in the figure comprises a flange 7, generally parallel to the rear wall 6 and mounted at the end of a rotation shaft 8 itself rotated by an electric motor 9.
  • the flange 7 carries fins 10 projecting from the front face 11 flange 7.
  • a spray cone 12 is attached to the center of the face anterior 11 of the flange 7, with its apex directed towards the flange 7.
  • the spray cone 12 is drilled with holes such as hole 13, and is mounted axially at the end of the rotation shaft 8 of the turbine 5.
  • An inlet pipe 14 makes it possible to conduct water from a water supply source 15, such as the supply network public in drinking water, up to an outlet orifice 16 disposed in enclosure 1 and adapted to direct a jet of water radially onto the lateral surface of the spray cone 12.
  • a water supply source 15 such as the supply network public in drinking water
  • Spray cone I2 projects water onto the fins 10 of the air circulation turbine 5 which itself projects the water onto heating elements 17 such as electrical resistors placed in periphery of turbine 5, that is to say downstream of turbine 5 in the air flow direction.
  • the invention provides incorporate a water flow control device 18, producing a water flow independent of water pressure in the supply source of water 15 at the inlet of the inlet pipe 14.
  • the water flow control device 18 comprises a sealed tank 19, disposed at a level higher than that of the orifice output 16.
  • An upstream section 20 of inlet pipe 14 is provided with a solenoid valve 21 controlled by a timed control 22 ensuring intermittent opening of the solenoid valve 21 according to a determined cycle.
  • the upstream section 20 of inlet pipe 14 is connected upstream to the water supply source 15, and is connected downstream to the tank waterproof 19.
  • a downstream section 23 of inlet pipe 14 is suitable for conduct the water from the tank 19 to the outlet 16.
  • An overflow pipe 24 is adapted to drain the water contained in the tank 19 beyond a determined maximum level 25.
  • the overflow pipe 24 leads the excess water into a water evacuation pipe 26 ensuring the evacuation of the condensation water from a lower orifice 27 formed in the bottom wall 28 of the muffle 2.
  • the overflow line 24 descends from the tank 19, and its inlet orifice is located at the maximum level determined 25.
  • a tubular inlet portion of the overflow pipe 24 enters tank 19 through an orifice from its bottom wall, up to level 25.
  • the water evacuation pipe 26 can, for example, conduct the condensing water to a condensing box 29 of which outlet 30 is connected to the waste water discharge pipes, preferably by a siphon.
  • a steam outlet pipe 31 is connected to enclosure 1 by an upper orifice 32 formed in the upper wall 33 of the muffle 2.
  • the steam outlet pipe 31 is provided with a catalyst 34 and its downstream outlet 35 is connected to the box condensation 29.
  • a vent pipe 36 is connected at upper part of tank 19.
  • the vent pipe 36 can advantageously comprise a valve 136, arranged so as to allow the outlet of the gases towards the atmosphere but preventing the exit of water to the outside of the tank 19.
  • vent pipe free 36 may include a calibrated leak, allowing opening calibrated vent line 36.
  • the downstream section 23 of inlet pipe 14 can advantageously comprise a device for calibrating water flow 37, placed at the outlet of the tank 19.
  • the water flow control device 18 further comprises a pressure equalization pipe 38, comprising an upstream part 39 in a siphon communicating with the lower zone of the tank 19, and connected downstream to the steam outlet pipe 31 of the oven, preferably downstream of catalyst 34.
  • the timed command 22 can advantageously be adjusted to ensure intermittent opening of the solenoid valve 21 according to a cycle ensuring a continuous presence of water in the tank 19, and a Intermittent flow of water in the overflow pipe 24. thus produces a continuous projection of water through the outlet orifice 16 onto the projection cone 12, and a regular production of steam at inside the enclosure 1.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the operation of the water flow control 18.
  • Curve a illustrates the temporal variation of the water flow supply in the upstream section 20 of the inlet pipe, with a constant flow D between times t1 and t2, corresponding to the state open of the solenoid valve 21, and a zero flow between times t2 and t3 corresponding to the closed state of the solenoid valve 21.
  • Curve b) illustrates the temporal variation of the water level in tank 19. From a minimum level m not zero at time t1, the level increases to the determined maximum 25 reached at time t4 prior to t2, then remains constant until t2 then decreases regularly until the minimum at time t3.
  • Curve c) illustrates the temporal variation of the water flow in the overflow pipe 24.
  • a water flow is present between instants t4 and t2.
  • Curve d illustrates the constant water flow d in the section downstream 23 of inlet pipe 14.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)
  • Air Humidification (AREA)
  • Devices For Medical Bathing And Washing (AREA)

Abstract

The oven has an enclosure (1) with an air circulation fan (5) and heating elements (17) placed in front of the fan. An inlet pipe (14) carries water from a supply source to a delivery orifice (16) that directs a jet of water onto a cone (12) to produce water droplets, which splash onto the blades of the fan and onto the heating elements. A water flow regulator (18) is placed in the inlet pipe. The regulator has a sealed reservoir (19), an overflow (24), and a connection (36) to free air. A solenoid valve (21) controlled by a timer (22) controls supply to the reservoir, allowing regular generation of steam inside the oven.

Description

La présente invention concerne les fours à vapeur et convexion forcée, dans lesquels une enceinte de cuisson contient une turbine faisant circuler de l'air en le passant sur des éléments chauffants en aval de la turbine, avec un dispositif de génération de vapeur d'eau pour produire de la vapeur d'eau introduite dans l'enceinte de cuisson.The present invention relates to steam and convection ovens forced, in which a cooking chamber contains a turbine making circulate air by passing it over heating elements downstream of the turbine, with a device for generating steam to produce the steam introduced into the cooking chamber.

Le document DE 41 31 748 A décrit un four à vapeur et convexion forcée dans lequel la production de vapeur est effectuée par pulvérisation d'eau sur les éléments chauffants.Document DE 41 31 748 A describes a steam and convection oven forced in which steam production is carried out by spraying water on the heating elements.

Dans un tel four à vapeur, on constate une grande irrégularité de rendement de production de vapeur, et notamment l'apparition d'écoulements d'eau non pulvérisée et vaporisée, réduisant le rendement énergétique du four.In such a steam oven, there is a great irregularity steam production efficiency, including the appearance flow of unsprayed and vaporized water, reducing yield energy from the oven.

Le document EP 0 383 366 décrit également un four à vapeur et convexion forcée. Le document exprime le problème de l'obtention d'une vaporisation régulière et constante. Les solutions antérieures mentionnées consistent à injecter l'eau sous une grande pression. La solution enseignée par ce document consiste à prévoir un détendeur, inséré en amont dans la canalisation d'amenée d'eau, et que l'on règle pour que l'eau s'écoule sans pression à la sortie de la canalisation, au-dessus du moyeu de turbine. Pour cela, on doit régler le détendeur en fonction de la pression d'eau en amont du détendeur. On constate qu'une telle solution n'assure pas une régularité suffisante de production de vapeur dans le four.EP 0 383 366 also describes a steam oven and forced convection. The document expresses the problem of obtaining a regular and constant spraying. Previous solutions mentioned consist of injecting water under great pressure. The solution taught by this document consists in providing a regulator, inserted upstream in the water supply pipe, and that is adjusted so that the water flows without pressure at the outlet of the pipe, above the hub turbine. To do this, the regulator must be adjusted according to the water pressure upstream of the regulator. We see that such a solution does not ensure sufficient regularity of steam production in the oven.

La présente invention résulte de l'observation selon laquelle les défauts de fonctionnement résultent de variations de la pression d'alimentation d'eau, produisant des variations trop importantes du débit d'eau projetée sur les éléments chauffants. Une quantité trop importante d'eau conduit à un écoulement d'eau non vaporisée. Un débit trop faible d'eau conduit à une insuffisance de vapeur.The present invention results from the observation that malfunctions result from variations in pressure water supply, producing too large variations in flow water sprayed onto the heating elements. Too much of water leads to a flow of non-vaporized water. Too low flow of water leads to insufficient steam.

Le problème proposé par la présente invention est de concevoir un four à vapeur et convexion forcée dans lequel la production de vapeur soit contrôlée de manière satisfaisante, quelles que soient les conditions d'alimentation d'eau, et notamment les conditions de pression de l'eau dans la source d'alimentation d'eau, de façon à créer des conditions constantes et satisfaisantes de pulvérisation et de vaporisation d'eau. The problem proposed by the present invention is to design a steam oven and forced convection in which the production of steam is satisfactorily controlled, whatever the conditions water supply, including water pressure conditions in the water supply source, so as to create conditions constant and satisfactory spraying and spraying of water.

Pour atteindre ces objets ainsi que d'autres, l'invention prévoit un four à vapeur et convexion forcée, comprenant une enceinte à turbine de circulation d'air avec dès éléments chauffants en aval de la turbine de circulation d'air, une canalisation d'entrée pour conduire de l'eau depuis une source d'alimentation d'eau jusqu'à un orifice de sortie disposé dans l'enceinte pour diriger un jet d'eau sur un moyen de pulvérisation qui projette l'eau pulvérisée sur les ailettes de la turbine de circulation d'air, le four comprenant en outre un dispositif de régulation de débit d'eau interposé dans la canalisation d'entrée, produisant un débit d'eau indépendant de la pression d'eau dans la source d'alimentation d'eau à l'entrée de la canalisation d'entrée.To achieve these and other objects, the invention provides a steam oven and forced convection, including an enclosure air circulation turbine with heating elements downstream of the air circulation turbine, an inlet pipe to conduct water from a water supply source to an outlet arranged in the enclosure to direct a jet of water on a means of spray which projects the sprayed water onto the turbine fins air circulation, the oven further comprising a device for regulation of water flow interposed in the inlet pipe, producing a water flow independent of the water pressure in the source water supply at the entrance to the inlet pipe.

Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, le dispositif de régulation de débit d'eau comprend :

  • un réservoir étanche, disposé à un niveau supérieur à celui de l'orifice de sortie,
  • un tronçon amont de canalisation d'entrée, muni d'une électrovanne pilotée par une commande temporisée assurant l'ouverture intermittente de l'électrovanne selon un cycle déterminé, raccordé en amont à la source d'alimentation d'eau, et raccordé en aval au réservoir étanche,
  • un tronçon aval de canalisation d'entrée, adapté pour conduire l'eau depuis le réservoir jusqu'à l'orifice de sortie,
  • une canalisation de mise à l'air libre, raccordée en partie supérieure du réservoir, et comportant de préférence un clapet s'opposant à la sortie de l'eau,
  • une canalisation de trop-plein, adaptée pour évacuer l'eau contenue dans le réservoir au-delà d'un niveau maximum déterminé.
According to an advantageous embodiment, the device for regulating water flow comprises:
  • a sealed tank, disposed at a level higher than that of the outlet orifice,
  • an upstream section of inlet pipe, provided with a solenoid valve controlled by a timed control ensuring the intermittent opening of the solenoid valve according to a determined cycle, connected upstream to the water supply source, and connected downstream to the sealed tank,
  • a downstream section of inlet pipe, adapted to conduct water from the tank to the outlet orifice,
  • a vent pipe, connected at the top of the tank, and preferably comprising a valve opposing the outlet of the water,
  • an overflow pipe, suitable for discharging the water contained in the tank beyond a determined maximum level.

Une telle structure de dispositif de régulation de débit d'eau est particulièrement avantageuse, simple et peu onéreuse à fabriquer, fiable, et efficace.Such a structure of a water flow control device is particularly advantageous, simple and inexpensive to manufacture, reliable, and efficient.

De préférence, la canalisation de trop-plein conduit l'excès d'eau dans une canalisation d'évacuation d'eau de l'enceinte du four. On utilise ainsi le trop-plein d'eau pour refroidir l'eau de condensation sortant du four.Preferably, the overflow pipe leads to excess of water in a water evacuation pipe from the oven enclosure. We thus uses the overflow of water to cool the condensed water out of the oven.

On peut trouver avantage à prévoir un dispositif de régulation de débit d'eau qui comprend en outre une canalisation d'équilibrage de pression, comportant une partie amont en siphon communiquant avec la zone inférieure du réservoir, et raccordée en aval à une canalisation de sortie de vapeur du four. De la sorte, le débit d'eau pour la production de vapeur est indépendant de la pression régnant à l'intérieur du four.It may be advantageous to provide a regulation device water flow which further includes a balancing pipe of pressure, comprising an upstream siphon part communicating with the area bottom of the tank, and connected downstream to an outlet pipe steam from the oven. In this way, the flow of water for the production of steam is independent of the pressure inside the oven.

Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, le moyen de pulvérisation est un cône percé, monté axialement en bout d'arbre de rotation de la turbine.According to an advantageous embodiment, the means of spraying is a drilled cone, mounted axially at the end of the turbine rotation.

Par exemple, la turbine comprend un flasque perpendiculaire à son arbre de rotation et portant des ailettes en saillie sur la face antérieure du flasque, le cône de pulvérisation étant fixé au centre de la face antérieure du flasque avec son sommet dirigé vers le flasque, l'orifice de sortie de canalisation d'entrée dirigeant l'eau radialement sur la surface latérale du cône de pulvérisation.For example, the turbine includes a flange perpendicular to its rotation shaft and carrying fins projecting from the face front of the flange, the spray cone being fixed in the center of the anterior face of the flange with its apex directed towards the flange, the inlet pipe outlet orifice directing the water radially on the side surface of the spray cone.

D'autres objets, caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention ressortiront de la description suivante de modes de réalisation particuliers, faite en relation avec les figures annexées, dans lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 représente, en vue de côté en coupe, un four selon un mode de réalisation particulier de la présente invention ; et
  • la figure 2 illustre les diagrammes temporels de variation de débit et de niveau d'eau dans un dispositif de régulation de débit d'eau du four de la figure 1.
Other objects, characteristics and advantages of the present invention will emerge from the following description of particular embodiments, given in conjunction with the appended figures, in which:
  • Figure 1 shows, in side view in section, an oven according to a particular embodiment of the present invention; and
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the time diagrams of variation of flow rate and of water level in a device for regulating water flow rate of the furnace of FIG. 1.

Dans le mode de réalisation illustré sur la figure 1, le four comprend une enceinte 1 limitée par un moufle 2 dont l'ouverture 3 est obturée par une porte 4.In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 1, the oven comprises an enclosure 1 limited by a muffle 2, the opening 3 of which is closed by a door 4.

Une turbine de circulation d'air 5 est placée dans l'enceinte 1 au voisinage de la paroi postérieure 6 du moufle 2. La turbine de circulation d'air 5 représentée sur la figure comprend un flasque 7, généralement parallèle à la paroi postérieure 6 et monté en bout d'un arbre de rotation 8 lui-même entraíné en rotation par un moteur électrique 9. Le flasque 7 porte des ailettes 10 en saillie sur la face antérieure 11 du flasque 7.An air circulation turbine 5 is placed in the enclosure 1 in the vicinity of the rear wall 6 of the muffle 2. The turbine air circulation 5 shown in the figure comprises a flange 7, generally parallel to the rear wall 6 and mounted at the end of a rotation shaft 8 itself rotated by an electric motor 9. The flange 7 carries fins 10 projecting from the front face 11 flange 7.

Un cône de pulvérisation 12 est fixé au centre de la face antérieure 11 du flasque 7, avec son sommet dirigé vers le flasque 7. Le cône de pulvérisation 12 est percé de trous tels que le trou 13, et est monté axialement en bout de l'arbre de rotation 8 de la turbine 5.A spray cone 12 is attached to the center of the face anterior 11 of the flange 7, with its apex directed towards the flange 7. The spray cone 12 is drilled with holes such as hole 13, and is mounted axially at the end of the rotation shaft 8 of the turbine 5.

Une canalisation d'entrée 14 permet de conduire de l'eau depuis une source d'alimentation d'eau 15, telle que le réseau d'alimentation publique en eau potable, jusqu'à un orifice de sortie 16 disposé dans l'enceinte 1 et adapté pour diriger un jet d'eau radialement sur la surface latérale du cône de pulvérisation 12.An inlet pipe 14 makes it possible to conduct water from a water supply source 15, such as the supply network public in drinking water, up to an outlet orifice 16 disposed in enclosure 1 and adapted to direct a jet of water radially onto the lateral surface of the spray cone 12.

Le cône de pulvérisation I2 projette l'eau sur les ailettes 10 de la turbine de circulation d'air 5 qui elle-même projette l'eau sur des éléments chauffants 17 tels que des résistances électriques placées en périphérie de la turbine 5, c'est-à-dire en aval de la turbine 5 dans le sens de circulation de l'air.Spray cone I2 projects water onto the fins 10 of the air circulation turbine 5 which itself projects the water onto heating elements 17 such as electrical resistors placed in periphery of turbine 5, that is to say downstream of turbine 5 in the air flow direction.

Dans la canalisation d'entrée 14, l'invention prévoit d'incorporer un dispositif de régulation de débit d'eau 18, produisant un débit d'eau indépendant de la pression d'eau dans la source d'alimentation d'eau 15 à l'entrée de la canalisation d'entrée 14.In the inlet pipe 14, the invention provides incorporate a water flow control device 18, producing a water flow independent of water pressure in the supply source of water 15 at the inlet of the inlet pipe 14.

Le dispositif de régulation de débit d'eau 18 comprend un réservoir 19 étanche, disposé à un niveau supérieur à celui de l'orifice de sortie 16.The water flow control device 18 comprises a sealed tank 19, disposed at a level higher than that of the orifice output 16.

Un tronçon amont 20 de canalisation d'entrée 14 est muni d'une électrovanne 21 pilotée par une commande temporisée 22 assurant l'ouverture intermittente de l'électrovanne 21 selon un cycle déterminé. Le tronçon amont 20 de canalisation d'entrée 14 est raccordé en amont à la source d'alimentation d'eau 15, et est raccordé en aval au réservoir étanche 19.An upstream section 20 of inlet pipe 14 is provided with a solenoid valve 21 controlled by a timed control 22 ensuring intermittent opening of the solenoid valve 21 according to a determined cycle. The upstream section 20 of inlet pipe 14 is connected upstream to the water supply source 15, and is connected downstream to the tank waterproof 19.

Un tronçon aval 23 de canalisation d'entrée 14 est adapté pour conduire l'eau depuis le réservoir 19 jusqu'à l'orifice de sortie 16.A downstream section 23 of inlet pipe 14 is suitable for conduct the water from the tank 19 to the outlet 16.

Une canalisation de trop-plein 24 est adaptée pour évacuer l'eau contenue dans le réservoir 19 au-delà d'un niveau maximum déterminé 25. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, la canalisation de trop-plein 24 conduit l'excès d'eau dans une canalisation d'évacuation d'eau 26 assurant l'évacuation de l'eau de condensation depuis un orifice inférieur 27 ménagé dans la paroi inférieure 28 du moufle 2.An overflow pipe 24 is adapted to drain the water contained in the tank 19 beyond a determined maximum level 25. In the embodiment shown, the overflow pipe 24 leads the excess water into a water evacuation pipe 26 ensuring the evacuation of the condensation water from a lower orifice 27 formed in the bottom wall 28 of the muffle 2.

La canalisation de trop-plein 24 est descendante depuis le réservoir 19, et son orifice d'entrée est situé au niveau maximum déterminé 25. Par exemple, une portion tubulaire d'entrée de la canalisation de trop-plein 24 pénètre dans le réservoir 19 par un orifice de sa paroi inférieure, jusqu'au niveau 25.The overflow line 24 descends from the tank 19, and its inlet orifice is located at the maximum level determined 25. For example, a tubular inlet portion of the overflow pipe 24 enters tank 19 through an orifice from its bottom wall, up to level 25.

La canalisation d'évacuation d'eau 26 peut, par exemple, conduire l'eau de condensation jusqu'à une boíte de condensation 29 dont la sortie 30 est raccordée aux conduites d'évacuation d'eau usée, de préférence par un siphon. The water evacuation pipe 26 can, for example, conduct the condensing water to a condensing box 29 of which outlet 30 is connected to the waste water discharge pipes, preferably by a siphon.

Une canalisation de sortie de vapeur 31 est raccordée à l'enceinte 1 par un orifice supérieur 32 ménagé dans la paroi supérieure 33 du moufle 2. La canalisation de- sortie de vapeur 31 est munie d'un catalyseur 34 et sa sortie aval 35 est raccordée à la boíte de condensation 29.A steam outlet pipe 31 is connected to enclosure 1 by an upper orifice 32 formed in the upper wall 33 of the muffle 2. The steam outlet pipe 31 is provided with a catalyst 34 and its downstream outlet 35 is connected to the box condensation 29.

Une canalisation de mise à l'air libre 36 est raccordée en partie supérieure du réservoir 19.A vent pipe 36 is connected at upper part of tank 19.

La canalisation de mise à l'air libre 36 peut avantageusement comprendre un clapet 136, disposé de façon à permettre la sortie des gaz vers l'atmosphère mais interdisant la sortie d'eau vers l'extérieur du réservoir 19.The vent pipe 36 can advantageously comprise a valve 136, arranged so as to allow the outlet of the gases towards the atmosphere but preventing the exit of water to the outside of the tank 19.

En alternative ou en complément, la canalisation de mise à l'air libre 36 peut comprendre une fuite calibrée, permettant l'ouverture calibrée de la canalisation de mise à l'air libre 36.As an alternative or in addition, the vent pipe free 36 may include a calibrated leak, allowing opening calibrated vent line 36.

Le tronçon aval 23 de canalisation d'entrée 14 peut avantageusement comprendre un dispositif de calibrage de débit d'eau 37, placé en sortie du réservoir 19.The downstream section 23 of inlet pipe 14 can advantageously comprise a device for calibrating water flow 37, placed at the outlet of the tank 19.

Egalement, dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur la figure, le dispositif de régulation de débit d'eau 18 comprend en outre une canalisation d'équilibrage de pression 38, comportant une partie amont 39 en siphon communiquant avec la zone inférieure du réservoir 19, et raccordée en aval à la canalisation de sortie de vapeur 31 du four, de préférence en aval du catalyseur 34.Also, in the embodiment shown in the figure, the water flow control device 18 further comprises a pressure equalization pipe 38, comprising an upstream part 39 in a siphon communicating with the lower zone of the tank 19, and connected downstream to the steam outlet pipe 31 of the oven, preferably downstream of catalyst 34.

La commande temporisée 22 peut avantageusement être réglée pour assurer l'ouverture intermittente de l'électrovanne 21 selon un cycle assurant une présence continue d'eau dans le réservoir 19, et un écoulement intermittent d'eau dans la canalisation de trop-plein 24. On produit ainsi une projection continue d'eau par l'orifice de sortie 16 sur le cône de projection 12, et une production régulière de vapeur à l'intérieur de l'enceinte 1.The timed command 22 can advantageously be adjusted to ensure intermittent opening of the solenoid valve 21 according to a cycle ensuring a continuous presence of water in the tank 19, and a Intermittent flow of water in the overflow pipe 24. thus produces a continuous projection of water through the outlet orifice 16 onto the projection cone 12, and a regular production of steam at inside the enclosure 1.

La figure 2 illustre le fonctionnement du dispositif de régulation de débit d'eau 18.Figure 2 illustrates the operation of the water flow control 18.

La courbe a) illustre la variation temporelle du débit d'eau d'alimentation dans le tronçon amont 20 de canalisation d'entrée, avec un débit D constant entre les instants t1 et t2, correspondant à l'état ouvert de l'électrovanne 21, et un débit nul entre les instants t2 et t3 correspondant à l'état fermé de l'électrovanne 21. Curve a) illustrates the temporal variation of the water flow supply in the upstream section 20 of the inlet pipe, with a constant flow D between times t1 and t2, corresponding to the state open of the solenoid valve 21, and a zero flow between times t2 and t3 corresponding to the closed state of the solenoid valve 21.

La courbe b) illustre la variation temporelle du niveau d'eau dans le réservoir 19. Depuis un niveau minimum m non nul à l'instant t1, le niveau croít jusqu'au maximum déterminé 25 atteint à l'instant t4 antérieur à t2, puis reste constant jusqu'à t2 pour diminuer ensuite régulièrement jusqu'au minimum à l'instant t3.Curve b) illustrates the temporal variation of the water level in tank 19. From a minimum level m not zero at time t1, the level increases to the determined maximum 25 reached at time t4 prior to t2, then remains constant until t2 then decreases regularly until the minimum at time t3.

La courbe c) illustre la variation temporelle du débit d'eau dans la canalisation de trop-plein 24. Un débit d'eau est présent entre les instants t4 et t2.Curve c) illustrates the temporal variation of the water flow in the overflow pipe 24. A water flow is present between instants t4 and t2.

La courbe d) illustre le débit d'eau constant d dans le tronçon aval 23 de canalisation d'entrée 14.Curve d) illustrates the constant water flow d in the section downstream 23 of inlet pipe 14.

L'homme du métier pourra aisément choisir les durées t2- t1 et t3- t1 pour respecter la présence permanente d'eau dans le réservoir 19 et la production d'un écoulement intermittent dans la canalisation de trop-plein 24. Ces durées seront préréglées en usine. En cas de variation de la pression d'eau dans la source d'alimentation 15, le débit D est modifié. Il en résulte une modification de l'instant t4, et donc une modification de la durée d'écoulement dans la canalisation de trop-plein 24, sans altération du débit d'eau d dans le tronçon aval 23 de canalisation d'entrée 14.Those skilled in the art can easily choose the durations t2- t1 and t3- t1 to respect the permanent presence of water in the tank 19 and the production of an intermittent flow in the overflow pipe 24. These times will be preset at the factory. If the water pressure in the supply source 15, the flow rate D is modified. This results in a modification of the instant t4, and therefore a modification of the duration of flow in the overflow pipe 24, without alteration of the water flow d in the downstream section 23 of the pipe input 14.

La présente invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation qui ont été explicitement décrits, mais elle en inclut les équivalents, variantes et généralisations qui sont à la portée de l'homme du métier.The present invention is not limited to the embodiments that have been explicitly described, but it includes the equivalent, variants and generalizations which are within the reach of those skilled in the art.

Claims (10)

Four à vapeur et convexion forcée, comprenant une enceinte (1) à turbine de circulation d'air (5) avec des éléments chauffants (17) en aval de la turbine de circulation d'air (5), une canalisation d'entrée (14) pour conduire de l'eau depuis une source d'alimentation d'eau (15) jusqu'à un orifice de sortie (16) disposé dans l'enceinte (1) pour diriger un jet d'eau sur un moyen de pulvérisation (12) qui projette l'eau pulvérisée sur les ailettes (10) de la turbine de circulation d'air (5), caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre un dispositif de régulation de débit d'eau (18) interposé dans la canalisation d'entrée (14), produisant un débit d'eau indépendant de la pression d'eau dans la source d'alimentation d'eau (15) à l'entrée de la canalisation d'entrée (14).Steam oven and forced convection, including an enclosure (1) air circulation turbine (5) with heating elements (17) downstream of the air circulation turbine (5), an inlet pipe (14) for conducting water from a water supply source (15) up to an outlet (16) arranged in the enclosure (1) to direct a jet of water on a spraying means (12) which projects the water sprayed on the fins (10) of the air circulation turbine (5), characterized in that it further comprises a device for regulating water flow (18) interposed in the inlet pipe (14), producing a water flow independent of the water pressure in the source water supply (15) at the inlet of the inlet pipe (14). Four selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de régulation de débit d'eau (18) comprend : un réservoir étanche (19), disposé à un niveau supérieur à celui de l'orifice de sortie (16), un tronçon amont (20) de canalisation d'entrée (14), muni d'une électrovanne (21) pilotée par une commande temporisée (22) assurant l'ouverture intermittente de l'électrovanne (21) selon un cycle déterminé, raccordé en amont à la source d'alimentation d'eau (15), et raccordé en aval au réservoir étanche (19), un tronçon aval (23) de canalisation d'entrée (14), adapté pour conduire l'eau depuis le réservoir (19) jusqu'à l'orifice de sortie (16), une canalisation de mise à l'air libre (36), raccordée en partie supérieure du réservoir (19), une canalisation de trop-plein (24), adaptée pour évacuer l'eau contenue dans le réservoir (19) au-delà d'un niveau maximum déterminé (25). Oven according to claim 1, characterized in that the water flow control device (18) comprises: a sealed reservoir (19), disposed at a level higher than that of the outlet orifice (16), an upstream section (20) of inlet pipe (14), provided with a solenoid valve (21) controlled by a timed control (22) ensuring the intermittent opening of the solenoid valve (21) according to a determined cycle, connected in upstream to the water supply source (15), and connected downstream to the sealed tank (19), a downstream section (23) of inlet pipe (14), adapted to conduct water from the tank (19) to the outlet orifice (16), a vent pipe (36), connected at the top of the tank (19), an overflow pipe (24), adapted to evacuate the water contained in the tank (19) beyond a determined maximum level (25). Four selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la canalisation de trop-plein (24) conduit l'excès d'eau dans une canalisation d'évacuation d'eau (26) de l'enceinte (1) du four.Oven according to claim 2, characterized in that the overflow pipe (24) leads excess water into a water evacuation pipe (26) from the oven enclosure (1). Four selon l'une des revendications 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le tronçon aval (23) de canalisation d'entrée (14) comprend un dispositif de calibrage de débit d'eau (37) placé en sortie du réservoir (19).Oven according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the downstream section (23) of inlet pipe (14) comprises a water flow calibration device (37) placed at the outlet of the tank (19). Four selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de régulation de débit d'eau (18) comprend en outre une canalisation d'équilibrage de pression (38), comportant une partie amont (39) en siphon communiquant avec la zone inférieure du réservoir (19), et raccordée en aval à une canalisation de sortie de vapeur (31) du four.Oven according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the water flow control device (18) further comprises a pressure equalization pipe (38), comprising an upstream part (39) in a siphon communicating with the zone lower of the tank (19), and connected downstream to a pipe of steam outlet (31) from the oven. Four selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la canalisation de sortie de vapeur (31) du four est munie d'un catalyseur (34), et la canalisation d'équilibrage de pression (38) est raccordée à la canalisation de sortie de vapeur (31) du four en aval du catalyseur (34).Oven according to claim 5, characterized in that the oven steam outlet pipe (31) is provided with a catalyst (34), and the pressure equalization pipe (38) is connected to the steam outlet pipe (31) from the furnace downstream of the catalyst (34). Four selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la canalisation de mise à l'air libre (36) comprend un clapet (136) permettant la sortie des gaz vers l'atmosphère mais interdisant la sortie d'eau vers l'extérieur du réservoir (19)Oven according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the vent pipe (36) comprises a valve (136) allowing the exit of the gases towards the atmosphere but preventing water from leaving the tank (19) Four selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la canalisation de mise à l'air libre (36) comprend une fuite calibrée.Oven according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the vent pipe (36) comprises a calibrated leak. Four selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de pulvérisation (12) est un cône percé, monté axialement en bout d'arbre de rotation (8) de la turbine (5).Oven according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the spraying means (12) is a drilled cone, mounted axially at the end of the rotation shaft (8) of the turbine (5). Four selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la turbine (5) comprend un flasque (7) perpendiculaire à son arbre de rotation (8) et portant des ailettes (10) en saillie sur la face antérieure (11) du flasque (7), le cône de pulvérisation (12) étant fixé au centre de la face antérieure (11) du flasque (7) avec son sommet dirigé vers le flasque (7), l'orifice de sortie (16) de canalisation d'entrée (14) dirigeant l'eau radialement sur la surface latérale du cône de pulvérisation (12).Oven according to claim 9, characterized in that the turbine (5) comprises a flange (7) perpendicular to its shaft rotation (8) and carrying fins (10) projecting from the face front (11) of the flange (7), the spray cone (12) being fixed in the center of the anterior face (11) of the flange (7) with its top directed towards the flange (7), the outlet orifice (16) of the inlet pipe (14) directing the water radially on the lateral surface of the cone of spray (12).
EP97420184A 1996-10-07 1997-10-03 Forced convection steam oven Expired - Lifetime EP0834703B1 (en)

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FR9612471A FR2754334B1 (en) 1996-10-07 1996-10-07 STEAM OVEN AND FORCED CONVEXION
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Publication number Publication date
FR2754334A1 (en) 1998-04-10
US5768982A (en) 1998-06-23
FR2754334B1 (en) 1998-12-18
EP0834703B1 (en) 2004-03-31
ATE263342T1 (en) 2004-04-15
DE69728342D1 (en) 2004-05-06
DE69728342T2 (en) 2004-12-30

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