EP0814221B1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un mât en beton, dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé et mât obtenu par ce procédé - Google Patents
Procédé de fabrication d'un mât en beton, dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé et mât obtenu par ce procédé Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0814221B1 EP0814221B1 EP97109519A EP97109519A EP0814221B1 EP 0814221 B1 EP0814221 B1 EP 0814221B1 EP 97109519 A EP97109519 A EP 97109519A EP 97109519 A EP97109519 A EP 97109519A EP 0814221 B1 EP0814221 B1 EP 0814221B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mould
- elements
- concrete
- collars
- cone
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009416 shuttering Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004021 metal welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
- E04H12/16—Prestressed structures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
- B28B13/04—Discharging the shaped articles
- B28B13/06—Removing the shaped articles from moulds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
- B28B23/02—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
- B28B23/18—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members for the production of elongated articles
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
- E04H12/02—Structures made of specified materials
- E04H12/12—Structures made of specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material, with or without internal or external reinforcements, e.g. with metal coverings, with permanent form elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a manufacturing process of concrete masts as well as a device for the implementation of this process.
- This invention relates to also the concrete masts directly obtained by the implementation of said method.
- This process is particularly suitable for the manufacture of masts of considerable length which cannot be made in a single part, or masts which, due to constraints inherent in their transport or storage, must be carried out in several elements.
- masts having at one of their ends a female cone intended to receive a male cone from one end of another mast, these cones being of dimensions specific corresponding so that during the introduction of the male cone of an element in the female cone of another element, we obtain an assembly with the less play possible.
- the angle at the top of the cone is chosen to make a self-locking coupling.
- This technique which requires great dimensional accuracy male and female cones of the elements cannot be used, for precast concrete elements by centrifugation, only if these cones are made beforehand in precise molds then incorporated into the structural element during its centrifugation. It is indeed impossible to obtain cones, and in particular female cones having the dimensional accuracy required by centrifugation.
- This technique due to the precision required, is too expensive for the production of prefabricated masts concrete by centrifugation. It still has the disadvantage to require the welding of metal reinforcements from the mast to those of the cone during the installation of these last.
- Another technique for producing concrete masts either by centrifugation or by vibration on a vibrating table consists of using metal cones respectively male and female at the ends of the mast elements. These metal cones act as a lost mold and remain integrated in the elements constituting the mast after its manufacturing and its coupling. To reduce costs production of such masts, we made these metal cones in rolled sheets with the disadvantage that these cones are not very precise. The two reported items are in contact with the joint and due to imprecision it is necessary to fill the space between the female cone and the male cone by injecting concrete or any other material curable in order to guarantee good transmission of forces bending and twisting.
- the object of the present invention is to obviate the drawbacks mentioned above and to offer a process for manufacture of structural elements to make masts concrete both by centrifugation and by vibration which does not require a lost mold and which allows mating different elements of the precise mast, without play and therefore without injection during assembly and which is capable of effectively transmit bending and shearing forces and twist.
- Another object of the invention relates to a device allowing the implementation of the process mentioned above and which is distinguished by the characteristics listed in claim 6.
- the invention also relates to precast concrete masts. directly obtained by said process.
- Figure 1 illustrates two elements 1,2 shuttered and put in place on a bench to be concreted.
- Element 1 will be referenced as the female element and element 2 as the male element.
- the length of each element 1,2 can be for example about twenty meters and their section be circular, oval, elliptical or polygonal. To decrease the weight of these items they are usually hollow.
- the body of elements 1,2 is presented under the form of a prismatic or cylindrical concrete tube which can be fitted with longitudinal metal reinforcements 3 and transverse 4 closed on themselves in order to reinforce elements 1,2.
- a metal mold 5 in one part is put in place before concreting between the two elements 1.2 of the mast. This mold 5 is in the form a truncated cone closed at one of its ends.
- annular flanges 6,7 are arranged close to the open end of the mold 5. These flanges 6,7 are directed outward perpendicular to the axis of truncated cone revolution. At its opposite end, the mold 5 is closed by a bottom 8.
- a second disc 9 made double bottom office. The bottom of the mold 8 and the disc 9 are spaced a distance roughly equivalent to that separating the two flanges 6,7 in the longitudinal direction. It is obvious that the double bottom of the mold can be realized in different ways such as being consisting of the bottom 8 and a plug of a suitable material like SAGEX (registered trademark) for example which would fill the space shown in the drawing between the bottom 8 and the disc 9.
- the flanges 6,7 are provided with holes distributed at regular intervals around their edges. These holes 10 cooperate on the one hand with positioning devices angular of the two elements 1,2 of the mast and on the other hand with extraction devices to facilitate extraction of the mold after placing the concrete. We see in Figure 3, eight holes 10 distributed every 45 degrees cooperating with four positioning devices angular and four extraction devices divided into alternating around the edge of the collar 7.
- the angular positioning device illustrated in larger scale in Figure 4, consists of a assembly socket 11 communicating with hole 10 and secured to a plate 12 bearing against the surface flanges 6,7 located towards the inside of the bodies of the elements 1,2.
- the ends of the metal reinforcements longitudinal 3 are welded against the outer surface sockets 11.
- the socket 11 On the side of the female element 1, the socket 11 is extended by a formwork making it possible to spare a recess 13 in the body of the element 1.
- Figure 2 illustrates the two elements 1,2 of the mast after placing the concrete and after removing the mold 5 by means of the extraction devices of which the operation will be explained below.
- the outer surface of the cone of the male element 2 comes into contact with the internal surface of the female cone of the element.
- the mold 5 is dimensioned and in particular the distance between the two flanges 6,7 so that the end male cone of element 2 does not come into contact with the bottom of the female cone of element 1 while the plates 12 finishing the edge of the cones are also not no longer in touch.
- the fact that these surfaces do not touch not, once the elements are assembled, prevents the perpendicularity of these surfaces relative to the axis of the cone has an influence on the alignment of the elements (1,2).
- the space remaining between these two annular surfaces 12 can be filled with a hard mass which will increase the surface compressed at this level. So the assembly of the two elements is done only by entering contact of male and female conical surfaces.
- the angle of cone is preferably minimum to facilitate extraction of mold 5, but can be chosen so that the assembly is self-locking.
- Positioning studs 14 are housed in the sockets 11 thereby ensuring positioning perfect angularity of elements 1 and 2.
- the mold 5 is made of rolled sheets and this fact is not very precise. This fact, instead of being a disadvantage as in the case of a two-part mold, promotes the resumption of torsional forces at which the mast is subject. Indeed, the fact that the mold section conical 5 is not perfectly round promotes absorption torsional forces, defects on one side of the mold found on the other. It should be noted that can promote this fact by giving the mold section 5 a slightly oval or elliptical shape. he is also possible to make the mold 5 by precise machining in a metal or plastic part.
- Figure 5 illustrates the detail of the extraction devices located on the periphery of the flanges 6,7 alternately with positioning devices. They are consist of a nut 15 welded to the outer surface of the flanges 6,7. A bolt 16 is supported in the position of service against stop plates 12 located on surfaces annular of male and female cones. When the concrete was put in place and set, just screw the bolts 16 to separate the mold 5 from the cones thus obtained.
- the bolts 16 cooperating with the nuts 15 can be replaced by hydraulic cylinders.
- FIG. 6 illustrates the positioning devices in the case of a mast with prestressing reinforcements 17.
- prestressing reinforcements are like illustrated in the drawing, anchored at each end of the mast and tensioned.
- the flanges 6,7 have additional holes allowing the passage of these reinforcements 17. It is also possible to provide that these prestressing reinforcements 17 are anchored using a mechanical device, on the stop plates and tensioning at each end of the mast.
- the process for manufacturing a concrete mast according to the The present invention comprises the following steps. It's about first of all placing the formwork on a concreting bench of at least two elements constituting the mast. It is obvious that depending on the total length of the mast more than two elements may be necessary for get the desired length.
- a one-piece metal mold at the junction of two elements. This mold is in the form of a trunk of cone open at one of its ends and has a bottom 8 at the other end. At its open end, the mold has two parallel annular flanges 6,7 and substantially perpendicular to its axis of revolution. The mold also has a disc 9 parallel to the bottom 8 which acts as a double bottom.
- the longitudinal distance between the bottom 8 of the disc 9 is slightly greater than the longitudinal spacing flanges 6,7.
- the distance between the two flanges 6.7 which depends on the thickness of the mold as well as of the opening angle of the cone, is determined so that, once put one on the other, the two elements fit together perfectly and only come into contact through their conical surfaces.
- the concrete can be placed by centrifugation.
- an additional step is necessary before extracting the mold 5.
- it will create a vacuum located between the outer surface of the conical mold 5 and the female cone. This void will be filled before removing the mold by injection of concrete or any other material curable by two injection holes in the body of the female element 1.
- Prestressing reinforcement can be produced by the technique of adherent wires, these wires then being linked to concrete, or by strands at the terminals which once energized are coupled to the ends of the portions mast for example at the stop plates 12.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
- Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
- On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
- Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
Description
Claims (16)
- Procédé de fabrication d'un mât en béton armé précontraint ou non constitué d'au moins deux éléments (1, 2) destinés à s'emboíter l'un dans l'autre, caractérisé en ce que l'on réalise un coffrage des éléments (1, 2); que l'on met en place les armatures métalliques longitudinales et transversales (3, 4) des éléments (1, 2); que l'on positionne à la jonction de deux éléments (1, 2) un moule (5) en une seule pièce présentant la forme d'un tronc de cône fermé et comportant un double fond (8, 9) ainsi que deux collerettes annulaires (6, 7), l'épaisseur du double fond étant supérieur à la distance séparant les deux collerettes; que l'on procède à la mise en place du béton simultanément pour les deux éléments; puis que le moule est retiré après la prise du béton.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le béton est mis en place par vibrage.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la mise en place du béton est réalisée par centrifugation dans un moule rotatif adéquat.
- Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'on injecte une matière durcissable dans le vide apparaissant après centrifugation entre la surface externe du moule (5) et la surface interne du cône femelle de l'élément (1).
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les armatures de précontrainte sont des fils adhérents s'étendant sur toute la longueur du mât, que ces fils après prise du béton sont sectionnés entre les collerettes (6, 7) du moule.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé par le fait que les armatures de précontrainte sont des torons qui une fois sous tension sont solidarisés des extrémités des éléments du mât.
- Dispositif permettant de réaliser un accouplement conique entre deux éléments préfabriqués d'un mât en béton armé précontraint ou non, caractérisé en ce qu'il est constitué d'un moule (5) présentant la forme d'un tronc de cône, obturé par un fond (8) à son sommet; en ce qu'il comporte un disque (9) formant double fond avec le fond (8); en ce qu'il comporte sur le pourtour de son extrémité ouverte et à proximité de celle-ci deux collerettes annulaires (6, 7) dirigées vers l'extérieur, et en ce que la distance séparant les deux collerettes est supérieure à l'épaisseur du double fond.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la distance longitudinale séparant le fond (8) du moule (5) et le disque (9) constituant le double fond dudit moule est supérieure à la distance longitudinale séparant les deux collerettes (6, 7) cette dernière pouvant s'exprimer en fonction de l'épaisseur m du moule par l'approximation m/sin(α), α étant l'angle d'ouverture du cône.
- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que l'angle α d'ouverture du cône formant le moule est déterminé de façon à réaliser un accouplement autobloquant.
- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisé en ce que les collerettes (6, 7), situées à l'extrémité ouverte du moule conique (5) comportent des percements (10) destinés à coopérer avec des dispositifs de positionnement et des dispositifs d'extraction.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 10, caractérisé par le fait que les percements sont répartis à intervalles réguliers sur le pourtour des collerettes annulaires (6, 7).
- Dispositif selon la revendication 10 ou la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que les dispositifs d'extraction sont constitués d'un écrou (15) solidaire des collerettes (6, 7) permettant de recevoir un boulon (16) qui, lorsqu'il est serré, tend à éloigner le moule (5) des éléments (1, 2).
- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 10 à 12, caractérisé en ce que les dispositifs de positionnement sont constitués de douilles de positionnement agencées dans le prolongement des percements des collerettes (6, 7) et dirigées vers le corps des éléments (1, 2), ces douilles de positionnement étant destinées à recevoir des goujons de positionnement (14) lors de l'emboítage des éléments (1, 2).
- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 7 à 13, caractérisé en ce qu'il est réalisé en tôles roulées.
- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 7 à 13, caractérisé en ce qu'il est obtenu par usinage d'une pièce en métal ou en plastique.
- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 7 à 15, caractérisé en ce que la section du tronc de cône formant le moule (5) est légèrement ovale.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH1554/96 | 1996-06-21 | ||
CH155496 | 1996-06-21 | ||
CH01554/96A CH691234A5 (fr) | 1996-06-21 | 1996-06-21 | Procédé de fabrication d'un mât en béton, dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé et mât obtenu par ce procédé. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0814221A1 EP0814221A1 (fr) | 1997-12-29 |
EP0814221B1 true EP0814221B1 (fr) | 2002-09-18 |
Family
ID=4213136
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97109519A Expired - Lifetime EP0814221B1 (fr) | 1996-06-21 | 1997-06-12 | Procédé de fabrication d'un mât en beton, dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé et mât obtenu par ce procédé |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0814221B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE224495T1 (fr) |
CH (1) | CH691234A5 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69715524T2 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK0814221T3 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2180856T3 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2291053B1 (es) * | 2003-10-07 | 2009-03-01 | Romero Hormelec, S.A. | Sistema de fabricacion y union de tramos de postes huecos de hormigon armado y/o pretensado. |
DE102006030400A1 (de) * | 2006-06-29 | 2008-01-03 | Pfleiderer Europoles Gmbh & Co. Kg | Freileitungsmast aus Schleuderbeton |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB386108A (en) * | 1931-12-21 | 1933-01-12 | Pfistershammer Josef | Reinforced concrete pole |
DE1434730A1 (de) * | 1963-11-12 | 1970-01-15 | Moll Kg Leonhard | Verfahren zur Herstellung von aus mehreren loesbar miteinander verbundenen Teilen bestehenden Stahl- oder Spannbetonmasten und nach diesem Verfahren hergestellter mehrteiliger Betonmast |
CH599432A5 (fr) * | 1976-10-05 | 1978-05-31 | Gram Sa |
-
1996
- 1996-06-21 CH CH01554/96A patent/CH691234A5/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1997
- 1997-06-12 DE DE69715524T patent/DE69715524T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-06-12 AT AT97109519T patent/ATE224495T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-06-12 ES ES97109519T patent/ES2180856T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-06-12 DK DK97109519T patent/DK0814221T3/da active
- 1997-06-12 EP EP97109519A patent/EP0814221B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK0814221T3 (da) | 2003-01-27 |
DE69715524T2 (de) | 2003-05-22 |
ES2180856T3 (es) | 2003-02-16 |
ATE224495T1 (de) | 2002-10-15 |
CH691234A5 (fr) | 2001-05-31 |
DE69715524D1 (de) | 2002-10-24 |
EP0814221A1 (fr) | 1997-12-29 |
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