EP0814069B1 - Schmelzbare/giessbare Sprengstoffzusammensetzung mit verminderter Empfindlichkeit - Google Patents

Schmelzbare/giessbare Sprengstoffzusammensetzung mit verminderter Empfindlichkeit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0814069B1
EP0814069B1 EP97401425A EP97401425A EP0814069B1 EP 0814069 B1 EP0814069 B1 EP 0814069B1 EP 97401425 A EP97401425 A EP 97401425A EP 97401425 A EP97401425 A EP 97401425A EP 0814069 B1 EP0814069 B1 EP 0814069B1
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Prior art keywords
mass
meltable
trinitro
composition according
explosive
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP97401425A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0814069A1 (de
Inventor
André Espagnaco
Philippe Morand
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Giat Industries SA
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Giat Industries SA
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
    • C06B25/34—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being a nitrated acyclic, alicyclic or heterocyclic amine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
    • C06B21/005—By a process involving melting at least part of the ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
    • C06B25/04—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the nitrated compound being an aromatic

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of explosive fusable / flowable compositions.
  • TNT trinitrotoluene
  • TNT is most often used in admixture with a other more energetic solid explosive, for example hexogen or octogen.
  • a other more energetic solid explosive for example hexogen or octogen.
  • MURAT ammunition mitigated risks
  • These composite explosives are used by casting explosive mixed with the binder and an additive polymerization. Solidification is obtained by loading of the load.
  • the cooking is long (several days). It therefore consumes a lot of energy and therefore cannot be implemented for quantities of ammunition important.
  • ammunition with an explosive charge composite are difficult to demilitarize. Indeed, it it is not possible to melt the load for the come out of its envelope.
  • the only possible solutions are chemical destruction or the detonation, costly solutions harmful to the environment.
  • this composition can be implemented by casting. She also has the interesting property of being very not very sensitive to the main vulnerability tests as defined for example by the operating modes described by AFNOR NFT standards 70510 to 70515 or UN tests 7d) i, 7e), 7g), 7h), 7j) and 7k).
  • TNT melting temperature
  • US-A-5,431,756 and DE-A-2,310,217 describe explosive compositions liquid at 90 ° C or 100 ° C.
  • the first composition being based on TNT and the second at base of pentryl and tetryl.
  • US-A-3,994,756 proposes a composition explosive flowable at 121 ° C and whose fusible matrix is formed from a mixture of trinitrobenzene and 2,4,6 trinitro-m-xylene.
  • Patent FR-A-1,535,427 finally describes a composition explosive based on Trinitromethylaniline.
  • composition proposed by the invention has sensitivity to heating (slow or fast), impact and detonation by influence which is at least equal to that of known composite explosives. But she can be implemented industrially simple and economical by casting / melting.
  • the subject of the invention is a composition explosive fusible / flowable and with reduced vulnerability, as claimed in claim 1 and comprising on the one hand a fusible part formed of at least at least one fusible explosive, at least one phlegmatizer, and at least one phlegmatizer emulsifier in the fusible explosive chosen from the group defined in claim 1 and on the other hand a solid part comprising at least one solid explosive with vulnerability reduced, composition characterized in that the explosive fusable is a nitro-aromatic whose temperature of melting is greater than 100 ° C, the phlegmatizer having a melting temperature substantially equal to that of the fusible explosive and the proportion of phlegmatizer being at least equal to 3% of the total mass of the composition, the whole having a reaction temperature higher than 185 ° C.
  • the inventors' merit was to discover that it was possible to design an explosive fusable / flowable using explosives other than the TNT.
  • These explosives will be chosen with a melting point higher than 100 ° C, which will ensure the best performance of the thermal stress composition.
  • the invention proposes different criteria for choosing explosives which ensure that a composition with reduced vulnerability allowing to undergo successfully the main standardized tests.
  • this family of explosives presents a chemical stability analogous to that of TNT, allowing to guarantee behavior during detonation tests by influence and impact of projectiles which is close to that of TNT.
  • the phlegmatizer will incorporate an emulsifier which will chosen to ensure the best explosive interface Fade / phlegmatizer.
  • the phlegmatizer will both favor the dispersion of the powdery constituents and stabilize the emulsion obtained.
  • We will choose a phlegmatizer and an inert emulsifier (in particular, avoid nitrocellulose-based emulsifiers).
  • TNMA 2,4,6-trinitro-N-Methylaniline
  • Nitrated aromatic explosives have a structure of base consisting of at least one aromatic nucleus comprising at least three NO2 radicals and three other radicals designated for example R, R 'and R ".
  • radicals R, R 'and R may be chosen from the radicals: -H, -CH3, -NHCH3, -OH, -NH2 and their combinations.
  • the inventors studied the molecular and electronic structures of the different nitro aromatic explosives and chose a certain number of explosives having both a temperature of high melting and good behavior in the above tests bullet impact, slow or rapid heating and detonation by influence.
  • the structure of this body is as follows:
  • the mergeable part will advantageously constitute between 20% and 40% by mass of the composition.
  • the phlegmatizing agent may be a polyolefin wax and the emulsifier a vinyl pyrrolidone copolymer.
  • the solid explosive with reduced vulnerability could be chosen from the following explosives: oxynitrotriazol (ONTA), triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB), Nitroguanidine (NGU).
  • ONTA oxynitrotriazol
  • TATB triaminotrinitrobenzene
  • NGU Nitroguanidine
  • the composition will advantageously be formulated so that its thermal diffusivity is at least 3.5 ⁇ 10 -7 m 2 / s between 30 and 47 ° C., thus improving the behavior of the composition during heating tests.
  • This thermal diffusivity can be obtained at by means of a dispersion of aluminum powder.
  • composition comprising:
  • the emulsifier is mixed with the phlegmatizer.
  • the proportion of emulsifier is chosen between 2 and 3% of the total mass of phlegmatizer used.
  • TNMA 2,4,6-trinitro-N-Methyl Aniline or TNMA is a known explosive, although not used industrially. he is described in particular by patent FR1535427. It is easy to be produced and has a melting point of 113 ° C to 119 ° C according to its degree of purity.
  • the phlegmatizer selected is a polyethylene wax (particular type of polyolefin) which is produced under the reference PED121 by the company Hoechst Wachs. Its temperature melting point is around 115 ° C (drop point from 113 to 118 ° C), which corresponds substantially to the temperature of TNMA merger.
  • This wax is commonly used in the field food for coating citrus fruits.
  • the emulsifier used for this wax is a copolymer of vinyl pyrrolidone, which is sold under the name Antaron WP660 by the company International Specialty Products.
  • This wax allows the production of an emulsion homogeneous and stable with TNMA and the emulsifier.
  • composition was carried out according to the process next:
  • ONTA is then incorporated in the form of a mixture of two different particle sizes and in proportions in equal mass.
  • a class grading 2 for which the size of. grains is between 200 and 800 micrometers, and a class 3 particle size for which the average grain diameter is 50 micrometers.
  • This combination of particle sizes ensures optimal loading of the composition while retaining good flowability properties.
  • the mixture is poured into an ammunition envelope maintained at the temperature of 120 ° C.
  • the ammunition envelope containing the composition according to the invention a certain number of tests described by AFNOR standards 70513 and 70515 and the tests UN 7d) i, 7f) and 7j).
  • the ammunition envelopes tested are models conform to those defined by the GEMO 3L1 operating mode (3 liter envelope containing 5 kg of explosive, wall in 10mm thick steel, explosive block diameter approximately 123mm, length of the explosive block approximately 239mm).
  • the tests provided by the UN tests 7d) i, 7e) and 7f) and which have been selected for the tests of the different compositions include the following steps:
  • a shot is made with a 12.7 mm caliber bullet.
  • the impact on the model envelope is located in the axis of this one and halfway up.
  • the test is carried out at room temperature (20 ° C) and for an impact speed of 850m / s.
  • the acceptance criterion is the absence of detonation or of violent reaction.
  • a model as defined above is placed above a fuel tank, its lower generator being 250 mm from this one.
  • the fuel used is kerosene.
  • the average flame temperature being higher or equal to 800 ° C.
  • the acceptance criterion is the absence of detonation or of violent reaction.
  • the model is placed in the center of an electric oven ensuring a temperature rise of 3.3 ° C per hour.
  • Acceptance criterion is lack of reaction violent with projection of shards.
  • composition according to the invention has a level of non-vulnerability as good as that of the known composition.
  • the detonic characteristics of the composition according to the invention have a performance level at least equivalent to that of the known composition.
  • composition according to the invention has very low vulnerability while retaining interesting detonic properties.
  • the phlegmatizer used is a consumer product mass produced quantities and for which supply problems do not arise.
  • a other solid explosive than ONTA for example from octogen. But we will preferably leave a proportion low vulnerability explosive which will be greater than 20% in mass in order to maintain low qualities interesting vulnerability.
  • CS sensitivity criterion
  • Vulnerability tests conducted were able to show a composition whose CS was greater than or equal to 100 could not meet all of the vulnerability tests.
  • One of the essential criteria for defining a composition capable of satisfying aggression tests thermal and mechanical is therefore the choice of a percentage phlegmatizer (wax) greater than or equal to 3%.
  • compositions in which the phlegmatizer is each time the previously described wax to which is incorporated the emulsifier:
  • compositions following:

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
  • Heat Sensitive Colour Forming Recording (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Schmelzbare/gießbare Sprengstoffzusammensetzung von verminderter Anfälligkeit, mit einerseits einem schmelzbaren Anteil, bestehend aus mindestens einem schmelzbaren Sprengstoff, mindestens einem Phlegmatisierungsmittel und mindestens einem Emulgator des Phlegmatisierungsmittels in dem schmelzbaren Sprengstoff, und andererseits einem festen Teil, bestehend aus mindestens einem festen wenig anfälligen Sprengstoff, Zusammensetzung dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der schmelzbare Sprengstoff ein nitrierter aromatischer Stoff ist, dessen Schmelzpunkt über 100°C liegt, wobei der nitrierte aromatische Stoff unter den folgenden Stoffen ausgewählt wird : 2,4,6-Trinitro-N-Methylanilin, 2,4,6-Trinitro-3-Methylphenol, 3-Amino-Trinitrotoluol, 2,4,6-Trinitro-Anilin, 1,3,8-TriNitronaphtalen und ihre Isomermischung mit eine Schmelztemperatur von 115°C, wobei die Schmelztemperatur des Phlegmatisiermittels merkbar der des schmelzbaren Sprengstoffs entspricht und der Anteil des Phlegmatisiermittels mindestens 3% der Gesamtmasse der Zusammensetzung ausmacht, wobei das ganze eine über 185°C liegende Reaktionstemperatur aufweist.
  2. Schmelzbare/gießbare Sprengstoffzusammensetzung von verminderter Anfälligkeit nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der schmelzbare Anteil 20 bis 40% der Gesamtmasse der Zusammensetzung liefert.
  3. Schmelzbare/gießbare Sprengstoffzusammensetzung von verminderter Anfälligkeit nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Phlegmatisiermittel ein Polyolefinwachs ist.
  4. Schmelzbare/gießbare Sprengstoffzusammensetzung von verminderter Anfälligkeit nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Emulgator aus einem Kopolymer des Vinylpyrrolidons besteht.
  5. Schmelzbare/gießbare Sprengstoffzusammensetzung von verminderter Anfälligkeit nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der feste Sprengstoff mit verminderter Anfälligkeit unter den folgenden Sprengstoffen ausgewählt wird : Oxinitrotriazol (ONTA), Triaminotrinitrobenzol (TATB), Nitroguanidin (NGu).
  6. Schmelzbare/gießbare Sprengstoffzusammensetzung von verminderter Anfälligkeit nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ihre Temperaturleitfähigkeit mindestens 3,5 x 10-7 m2/Sekunde zwischen 30 und 47°C beträgt.
  7. Schmelzbare/gießbare Sprengstoffzusammensetzung von verminderter Anfälligkeit nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Temperaturleitfähigkeit mittels einer Dispersion von Aluminiunpulver erreicht wird.
  8. Schmelzbare/gießbare Sprengstoffzusammensetzung von verminderter Anfälligkeit nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine Mischung aufweist von:
    20 bis 40% der Masse an 2,4,6-Trinitro-N-Methylanilin,
    25 bis 60% der Masse an mindestens einem festen körnigen Sprengstoff mit verminderter Anfälligkeit,
    0 bis 30% der Masse an einem festen körnigen Zusatzsprengstoff,
    0 bis 25% der Masse an Aluminiumpulver,
    3 bis 12% der Masse an Phlegmatisiermittel,
    0,1 bis 1% der Masse an Wirkstoff für die Emulsifikation des schmelzbaren Sprengstoffs und des Phlegmatisiermittels.
  9. Schmelzbare/gießbare Sprengstoffzusammensetzung von verminderter Anfälligkeit nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie aufweist:
    20 bis 40% der Masse an 2,4,6-Trinitro-N-Methylanilin,
    25 bis 60% der Masse an Oxinitrotriazol,
    0 bis 20% der Masse an Octogen,
    0 bis 25% der Masse an Aluminiumpulver,
    3 bis 12% der Masse an Polyolefinwachs,
    0,1 bis 1% der Masse an einem Vinylpyrrolidon Kopolymer.
  10. Schmelzbare/gießbare Sprengstoffzusammensetzung von verminderter Anfälligkeit nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie aufweist:
    30% der Masse an 2,4,6- Trinitro-N-Methylanilin,
    40% der Masse an Oxinitrotriazol,
    20% der Masse an Aluminiumpulver,
    10% der Masse an Polyolefinwachs vermischt mit dem Emulgator.
  11. Schmelzbare/gießbare Sprengstoffzusammensetzung von verminderter Anfälligkeit nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie aufweist:
    36% der Masse an 2,4,6- Trinitro-N-Methylanilin,
    52% der Masse an Oxinitrotriazol,
    8% der Masse an Aluminiumpulver,
    4% der Masse an Polyolefinwachs vermischt mit dem Emulgator.
  12. Schmelzbare/gießbare Sprengstoffzusammensetzung von verminderter Anfälligkeit nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie aufweist:
    30% der Masse an 2,4,6- Trinitro-N-Methylanilin,
    47% der Masse an Oxinitrotriazol,
    13% der Masse an Aluminiumpulver,
    10% der Masse an Polyolefinwachs vermischt mit dem Emulgator.
  13. Schmelzbare/gießbare Sprengstoffzusammensetzung von verminderter Anfälligkeit nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie aufweist:
    37% der Masse an 2,4,6- Trinitro-N-Methylanilin,
    45% der Masse an Oxinitrotriazol,
    15% der Masse an Aluminiumpulver,
    3% der Masse an Polyolefinwachs vermischt mit dem Emulgator.
  14. Schmelzbare/gießbare Sprengstoffzusammensetzung von verminderter Anfälligkeit nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie aufweist:
    37% der Masse an 2,4,6- Trinitro-N-Methylanilin,
    40% der Masse an Oxinitrotriazol,
    20% der Masse an Aluminiumpulver,
    3% der Masse an Polyolefinwachs vermischt mit dem Emulgator.
  15. Schmelzbare/gießbare Sprengstoffzusammensetzung von verminderter Anfälligkeit nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie aufweist:
    30% der Masse an 2,4,6- Trinitro-N-Methylanilin,
    41,6% der Masse an Oxinitrotriazol,
    10,4% der Masse an Octogen,
    8% der Masse an Aluminiumpulver,
    10% der Masse an Polyolefinwachs vermischt mit dem Emulgator.
  16. Schmelzbare/gießbare Sprengstoffzusammensetzung von verminderter Anfälligkeit nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie aufweist:
    28% der Masse an 2,4,6- Trinitro-N-Methylanilin,
    38% der Masse an Oxinitrotriazol,
    18% der Masse an Octogen,
    6% der Masse an Aluminiumpulver,
    10% der Masse an Polyolefinwachs vermischt mit dem Emulgator.
  17. Schmelzbare/gießbare Sprengstoffzusammensetzung von verminderter Anfälligkeit nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie aufweist:
    30% der Masse an 2,4,6- Trinitro-N-Methylanilin,
    40% der Masse an Nitroguanidin,
    20% der Masse an Aluminiumpulver,
    10% der Masse an Polyolefinwachs vermischt mit dem Emulgator.
  18. Schmelzbare/gießbare Sprengstoffzusammensetzung von verminderter Anfälligkeit nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie aufweist:
    30% der Masse an 2,4,6- Trinitro-N-Methylanilin,
    40% der Masse an Triaminotrinitrobenzol,
    20% der Masse an Aluminiumpulver,
    10% der Masse an Polyolefinwachs vermischt mit dem Emulgator.
EP97401425A 1996-06-19 1997-06-19 Schmelzbare/giessbare Sprengstoffzusammensetzung mit verminderter Empfindlichkeit Expired - Lifetime EP0814069B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9607643A FR2750131B1 (fr) 1996-06-19 1996-06-19 Composition explosive fusionnable/coulable et a vulnerabilite reduite
FR9607643 1996-06-19

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EP0814069A1 EP0814069A1 (de) 1997-12-29
EP0814069B1 true EP0814069B1 (de) 2002-03-27

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EP (1) EP0814069B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE215058T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69711268T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2750131B1 (de)
NO (1) NO308595B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2801883B1 (fr) * 1999-12-06 2002-01-18 Giat Ind Sa Composition explosive comprimable a vulnerabilite reduite et procede de preparation d'une telle composition
FR2934260B1 (fr) * 2008-07-28 2010-08-27 Nexter Munitions Procede de coulee d'un materiau explosif a vulnerabilite reduite et materiau mis en oeuvre dans un tel procede
FR2940683B1 (fr) 2008-12-31 2011-03-18 Nexter Munitions Tete militaire projetant des barreaux.
FR2954308B1 (fr) 2009-12-23 2012-02-24 Nexter Munitions Composition explosive fusible/coulable et a vulnerabilite reduite
FR2984885B1 (fr) * 2011-12-21 2014-07-04 Nexter Munitions Procede de fabrication de granules d'une composition explosive comprimable et materiau esplosif obtenu avec un tel procede
FR3123649A1 (fr) 2021-06-03 2022-12-09 Thales Composition explosive fusible/coulable et son procédè de fabrication
FR3141172A1 (fr) 2022-10-20 2024-04-26 Thales Procédé de fabrication d'une composition explosive fusible/coulable.

Family Cites Families (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2353147A (en) * 1941-06-05 1944-07-11 Du Pont High-density explosive charge
FR1535427A (fr) * 1965-03-01 1968-08-09 France Etat Composition explosive
DE2310217A1 (de) * 1973-03-01 1974-09-05 Dynamit Nobel Ag Schmelzbares sprengstoffgemisch hoher leistung
US3994756A (en) * 1975-11-26 1976-11-30 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Castable composite explosive compositions containing a mixture of trinitrobenzene and trinitroxylene
FR2499976A1 (en) * 1981-02-13 1982-08-20 France Etat Castable explosive compsn. comprising solid explosive - fusible explosive and vinyl! polymer coating
DE3838084A1 (de) * 1988-11-10 1990-05-17 Rheinmetall Gmbh Verfahren zur herstellung von explosiven ladungen aus nicht giessfaehigen mischungen
US5431756A (en) * 1993-02-25 1995-07-11 Mach I, Inc. Method and composition for melt cast explosives, propellants and pyrotechnics
FR2738562B1 (fr) * 1995-09-08 1997-10-03 Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale Compositions explosives coulees-fondues

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FR2750131A1 (fr) 1997-12-26
DE69711268D1 (de) 2002-05-02
DE69711268T2 (de) 2002-09-05
NO972873D0 (no) 1997-06-20
NO308595B1 (no) 2000-10-02
ATE215058T1 (de) 2002-04-15
EP0814069A1 (de) 1997-12-29
NO972873L (no) 1997-12-22
FR2750131B1 (fr) 1998-07-17

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