EP0812228A1 - Verfahren zur erfassung der berührfläche eines beim sport vorhandenen objektes mit einem kontaktgrund - Google Patents
Verfahren zur erfassung der berührfläche eines beim sport vorhandenen objektes mit einem kontaktgrundInfo
- Publication number
- EP0812228A1 EP0812228A1 EP96904705A EP96904705A EP0812228A1 EP 0812228 A1 EP0812228 A1 EP 0812228A1 EP 96904705 A EP96904705 A EP 96904705A EP 96904705 A EP96904705 A EP 96904705A EP 0812228 A1 EP0812228 A1 EP 0812228A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contact
- ball
- sports
- recorded
- heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001931 thermography Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000009408 flooring Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001310793 Podium Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B71/00—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
- A63B71/06—Indicating or scoring devices for games or players, or for other sports activities
- A63B71/0605—Decision makers and devices using detection means facilitating arbitration
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B71/00—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
- A63B71/06—Indicating or scoring devices for games or players, or for other sports activities
Definitions
- the invention is based on a method for detecting the contact surface of an object present in sports (ball, player, tire, skid or the like) with a contact surface (floor, table surface, field boundary or the like) according to the preamble of the main claim.
- a preferred area of application of the generic method is, in particular in tennis, the determination of the contact area of balls with the contact base, for example the floor covering or a net edge.
- the contact base for example the floor covering or a net edge.
- the touch coordinates of the ball on the contact surface are determined by arbitrators or line judges.
- this method has the disadvantage that it is imprecise with the risk of wrong decisions. It is also known to locate the ball with optical or electromagnetic monitoring devices.
- a detector / transmitter unit is arranged in the ball, the receiver / transmitter elements being arranged at different points in the vicinity of the line.
- the ball is located by evaluating the reflections of the pulses emitted by active elements on the receivers.
- This device for detecting the position of the ball has the disadvantage that structural or structural changes to the ball or playing field are required.
- the ball is also monitored for itself instead of the contact surface of the ball on the contact surface.
- a predetermined line is used to monitor the passage of a ball.
- transmitters and / or receivers emitting electromagnetic waves which evaluate a signal reflected by the ball, are attached either below or above on the floor of the tennis court.
- the tennis ball must have special magnetic properties.
- This system also requires structural changes to the ball and structural changes to the playing field. Here too the ball and not the contact surface of the ball on the contact surface is monitored.
- Another disadvantage is that the receiving and transmitting systems can be negatively influenced by the person hitting the ball and that a combination with independent television recordings is hardly possible.
- the method according to the invention or the device according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim or claim 7 has the advantage that the position of the object, for example ball, is not explicitly determined, but rather the contact surface of the object present during sport with the contact ground is detected becomes.
- the method according to the invention makes use of the heat traces resulting from the frictional heat when the object present in sport comes into contact with the contact base.
- the method according to the invention measures the temperature difference between the heat trace and the contact base, captures this, records it and evaluates it, whereby this contact area can be shown on a screen.
- any contact surfaces - in particular the most diverse, for example circular, oval tennis ball imprints or traces of car tires in curves, etc. - can be detected. In this way, a person running on the contact ground or their ground marks can be recorded.
- An advantage of the method according to the invention is that the detected contact surfaces can be placed in relation to the markings located on the contact base, in particular boundary lines, or their relative position to one another can be determined.
- the prerequisite for this is that the markings or lines are also included in the method according to the invention. This is given by the mandatory color-different design of the markings and lines in the normal case, since different colors have different radiation and heat radiation reflection values and are therefore also detected by the method according to the invention. If this is not sufficient, it is possible to provide the corresponding markings with metal powder, in particular aluminum powder, or with lacquers or the like which are visible in the infrared range. to treat. Both treatment methods are very simple and require minimal effort.
- Another advantage of the invention is that neither the object present in sport nor the contact ground would have to be changed constructively or structurally.
- Another advantage of the invention is that there are no inaccuracies in the measurement due to the relatively high speed at which the object present in sports moves.
- Another advantage of the invention is that accurate measurements are possible due to the relatively slow cooling of the heat traces. After cooling, a new measurement can take place at this point, while the previous measurement is also saved for later display. This makes it possible to compare measurements that were taken at different times in the same place. For example, the paths chosen by a tennis player and how far these paths deviate from an ideal path, etc.
- Another advantage of the invention is that the geometrical accuracy of the surface course and the surface extension of the markings and lines, in particular of boundary lines, on the contact base are irrelevant for the contact surfaces to be detected.
- a further advantage of the invention is that no paralax errors can occur due to the two-dimensional consideration of the contact base with the heat traces on it, which permits exact position determination in relation to contact base markings.
- the degree of freedom for the arrangement of the measuring device above the contact base is relatively large.
- the recorded heat traces are also made visible in real time.
- the object present in sports is a ball, the contact base being the floor covering and / or a net or a net enclosure.
- the main sports here are tennis, ice hockey, table tennis, but also billiards, preferably with a total contact area that can be detected with a small number of thermographs and in which a relatively high speed of the object takes place, with sometimes confusing or difficult to understand individual situations.
- the borderline cases are particularly critical as to whether the ball was still inside the field or touched the line or whether it was just outside the line
- other types of ball games such as handball and football, may be interesting to measure, whether the ball deflected by the goalkeeper was already behind the goal line or not yet.
- the reason for contact in the latter case would be, for example, the goalkeeper's glove, whereby the heat trace that emerges can be recorded, although it is only present for an extremely short time.
- the object present in sports is a tire located on a vehicle, the contact base being the surface of a road or the like.
- the problems of capturing individual situations in such a type of sport, such as car racing consist primarily in the fact that it is usually a long distance, regardless of whether it is a four-wheel vehicle, i.e. racing car or the like, or a two-wheel vehicle, acts like a motorcycle or bicycle.
- the measuring points will be provided primarily in areas where borderline situations arise, such as a necessary braking or a drift due to a curve, or a sudden increase in ground friction when accelerating after a curve or when cornering.
- Such measurements in borderline situations can be used on the one hand for analyzing accidents, but also for training on how to demonstrate Optimal solutions.
- such recordings are particularly interesting if they can be combined with television recordings in which critical individual situations can be explained to the viewer by superimposing the normal television image with the recording by the thermograph.
- the thermographic recordings of different vehicles are compared, the viewer can very quickly determine the qualitative differences, both from the viewer's interest and to learn from them.
- the object present during sport is at least one runner located on a winter sports device, the contact base being a mostly frozen floor covering (ice).
- ice frozen floor covering
- tobogganing and bobsleighing there are also extremely high speeds, for example up to 150 km / h, and this on a track usually formed as an ice tube.
- the ideal line naturally plays a decisive role. Any deviation from this ideal line means milliseconds of loss of time, which can then cost victory.
- the measuring device of the heat track will be arranged in areas where the risk of deviating from an ideal track is greatest.
- thermographs can be arranged at locations that are otherwise not accessible to viewers.
- the application of the invention can increase the popularity of the respective sport, because the viewer can put himself in the role of the athlete in a completely different way than is possible with normal television recordings.
- the object present during sport is a ski, the contact ground being a snow slope.
- a slope can also be icy or, in most cases, it is.
- this recording method can be used for training purposes and can be of great advantage. Above all, however, it can give television viewers the opportunity to compare the quality of various top athletes.
- the invention can also be determined which driving styles are particularly risky and involve a risk of injury.
- the invention also makes it possible to determine what pressure the ski jumper applies when leaving the chance and how this may affect the flight length.
- signs visible in or on the contact base are made visible in the infrared range. Apart from the fact that any comparative values that should otherwise be invisible to the viewer can be made recognizable as a result, this method can also be used in advertising, so that advertisements not recognizable by the normal eye by superimposing the recording by means of thermographs become visible on the TV screen.
- the recorded heat traces can be made accessible to the public, which can be done both via the projection onto large screens and via the television transmission accessible to the public.
- the invention overcomes the prejudice not only to make the recordings of heat traces in sports accessible to the public, but above all to also connect them to the recording process via television cameras. This is done in particular by overdrawing or overlapping data recorded on the one hand by a thermograph and on the other hand by a television camera.
- Fig. 1 shows the application of the invention in a
- Fig. 4 the application in a bobsleigh track
- Fig. 5 shows the application on a racetrack.
- Fig. 1 the application of the invention for tennis is shown and that as a greatly simplified perspective view.
- a playing field 2 is defined in the usual way by boundary lines 3.
- a referee 8 sits on a referee platform 7 and monitors compliance with the rules and can intervene accordingly in the game. He is usually assisted by line judges who have to observe whether the ball 5 was still inside the field 2 or just touched the line or whether it came outside the field.
- cameras 12 are arranged approximately in the middle of the respective halves of the field and at a sufficient height, which are held here on cantilever constructions 13. These cameras work with infrared and can also have a digital or other recording option. In any case, this recording can be played back on a screen device 14, which can be a television set.
- the referee 8 is equipped on his referee platform 7 with a corresponding more specially designed screen device 15, with which the respective recording is recorded and can therefore be repeated at any time. This recording therefore not only serves the referee 8 to control player errors in relation to the ball touching the ground, but the recording can also be reproduced by the viewer at any time during television broadcasts, for example in connection with an advertisement.
- the two cameras 12 are each arranged in the middle of the two halves of the playing fields 2, the contact with the ball being detectable through these central measuring points.
- the infrared image automatically shows the location of frictional heat and stores it.
- the frictional heat of the contact surface is already after a few seconds dissolved.
- the speed of the ball has no influence on the result, since only the remaining frictional heat is recorded and not the ball itself.
- the measuring accuracy is in the range of one millimeter.
- a tennis ball is shown in the top view for comparison on the left in the picture and a possible contact surface of the same on the field on the right in the picture.
- This contact surface is oval because, firstly, the ball is flattened when it hits and secondly, a certain distance glides over the ground.
- An inelastic object would be a line.
- the second exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is the ice channel 16 of a bobsled run, in which two different tracks 17 and 18 of bobsled have been recorded by thermal cameras and can thus be reproduced at a later time in the manner shown.
- the track 18 runs largely in the ideal line
- the track 17 shows that the corresponding bob was driven out somewhat and therefore not only has a longer roadway, which costs time, but also possibly a higher friction heat.
- track recordings can be subsequently shown and also superimposed on television recordings, in order to give the athlete the opportunity to criticize and to explain to the viewer why one or the other has not won .
- a racing car 19 is traveling on a racetrack 21 on which its tires leave heat marks 22.
- these heat traces have changes 23 which are due to braking, drifting or accelerating are, which can result in a different frictional heat development.
- both the track record and the other vehicle-related records show defects and advantages of driving behavior. For example, a trace of heat is interrupted the moment the vehicle lifts off the ground.
Landscapes
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
- Radiation Pyrometers (AREA)
- Image Processing (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Switches That Are Operated By Magnetic Or Electric Fields (AREA)
- A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
- Push-Button Switches (AREA)
- Studio Devices (AREA)
- Electronic Switches (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19505826 | 1995-02-21 | ||
DE19505826A DE19505826A1 (de) | 1995-02-21 | 1995-02-21 | Einrichtung zur Erkennung der Berührfläche eines Sportobjekts auf dem Spielfeld bzw. Boden |
PCT/DE1996/000266 WO1996025986A1 (de) | 1995-02-21 | 1996-02-21 | Verfahren zur erfassung der berührfläche eines beim sport vorhandenen objektes mit einem kontaktgrund |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0812228A1 true EP0812228A1 (de) | 1997-12-17 |
EP0812228B1 EP0812228B1 (de) | 2000-12-13 |
Family
ID=7754541
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96904705A Expired - Lifetime EP0812228B1 (de) | 1995-02-21 | 1996-02-21 | Verfahren zur erfassung der berührfläche eines beim sport vorhandenen objektes mit einem kontaktgrund |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0812228B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH11500333A (de) |
KR (1) | KR19980702381A (de) |
CN (1) | CN1175907A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE198052T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU709741B2 (de) |
BR (1) | BR9607460A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2213485A1 (de) |
CZ (1) | CZ263897A3 (de) |
DE (3) | DE19505826A1 (de) |
HU (1) | HUP9802818A2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1996025986A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19641907C2 (de) * | 1996-10-11 | 2000-07-13 | Joachim Rigling | Verfahren zur Überwachung von Ballspielen |
EP1095241B1 (de) | 1998-07-09 | 2002-12-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Anordnung und verfahren zur ermittlung einer räumlichen position eines objekts |
US6816185B2 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2004-11-09 | Miki Harmath | System and method for judging boundary lines |
DE10109921A1 (de) * | 2001-03-01 | 2002-09-05 | Ruediger Schrott | Computeranimation von Rennfahrzeugen für Fernsehübertragungen |
RU2254895C2 (ru) * | 2002-12-26 | 2005-06-27 | Ворожцов Георгий Николаевич | Способ определения динамических параметров движения материального объекта при проведении спортивных состязаний или в тренировочном процессе, устройство для его осуществления и способ оценки технического и творческого потенциала спортсменов |
US8348276B2 (en) | 2006-03-01 | 2013-01-08 | Brennan Broadcast Group Pty Ltd | Detecting contacts during sporting activities etc |
MD3989G2 (ro) * | 2008-05-30 | 2010-08-31 | Еуджен МОРАРУ | Metodă de instruire sportiv-educativă a adolescenţilor |
MD4164C1 (ro) * | 2010-03-04 | 2012-11-30 | Еуджен МОРАРУ | Metodă de formare a deprinderilor de efectuare a exerciţiilor fizice la gimnastica de dimineaţă şi pe parcursul zilei la copii şi sistem pentru realizarea metodei |
EP2455911B1 (de) | 2010-11-23 | 2013-03-13 | Fundacion Centro De Tecnologias De Interaccion Visual Y Comunicaciones Vicomtech | Verfahren zur Erkennung der Aufprallstelle eines Balls bei Sportveranstaltungen |
US11039109B2 (en) | 2011-08-05 | 2021-06-15 | Fox Sports Productions, Llc | System and method for adjusting an image for a vehicle mounted camera |
MX344762B (es) | 2011-08-05 | 2016-12-15 | Fox Sports Productions Inc | Captura selectiva y presentacion de porciones de imagen nativas. |
RU2530863C1 (ru) * | 2013-06-07 | 2014-10-20 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Поволжский государственный технологический университет" | Способ тренировки и оценки точности штрафных бросков в баскетболе |
US9288545B2 (en) * | 2014-12-13 | 2016-03-15 | Fox Sports Productions, Inc. | Systems and methods for tracking and tagging objects within a broadcast |
US11758238B2 (en) | 2014-12-13 | 2023-09-12 | Fox Sports Productions, Llc | Systems and methods for displaying wind characteristics and effects within a broadcast |
US11159854B2 (en) | 2014-12-13 | 2021-10-26 | Fox Sports Productions, Llc | Systems and methods for tracking and tagging objects within a broadcast |
US10143907B2 (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2018-12-04 | Gregoire Gentil | Planar solutions to object-tracking problems |
CN109289187B (zh) * | 2017-07-24 | 2021-04-30 | 北京英泰智科技股份有限公司 | 一种乒乓球训练与等级考试*** |
CN108568086B (zh) * | 2018-04-24 | 2021-01-26 | 上海中医药大学 | 一种基于物联网的羽毛球比赛自动裁判平台及其使用方法 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2586576A1 (fr) * | 1985-09-02 | 1987-03-06 | Dubail Jean | Systeme d'aide a l'arbitrage du tennis |
GB2191361A (en) * | 1986-06-06 | 1987-12-09 | Michael Cyril Godin | Enchancing the image of retro-reflective projectiles |
DE3904458A1 (de) * | 1989-02-15 | 1990-08-23 | Helmut Datz | Verfahren zur reversiblen markierung von impaktstellen |
GB2264358A (en) * | 1992-02-20 | 1993-08-25 | Sector Limited | System for detecting position of impact of a projectile |
FR2706317B3 (fr) * | 1993-06-15 | 1995-05-05 | Dianeige | Dispositif de constat et dénombrement de passages de skieurs sur pistes. |
-
1995
- 1995-02-21 DE DE19505826A patent/DE19505826A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1996
- 1996-02-21 CN CN96192044A patent/CN1175907A/zh active Pending
- 1996-02-21 HU HU9802818A patent/HUP9802818A2/hu unknown
- 1996-02-21 DE DE59606217T patent/DE59606217D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-02-21 JP JP8525298A patent/JPH11500333A/ja active Pending
- 1996-02-21 BR BR9607460A patent/BR9607460A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-02-21 EP EP96904705A patent/EP0812228B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-02-21 AT AT96904705T patent/ATE198052T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-02-21 CZ CZ972638A patent/CZ263897A3/cs unknown
- 1996-02-21 DE DE19680090T patent/DE19680090D2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-02-21 WO PCT/DE1996/000266 patent/WO1996025986A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-02-21 KR KR1019970705780A patent/KR19980702381A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-02-21 AU AU48743/96A patent/AU709741B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-02-21 CA CA002213485A patent/CA2213485A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9625986A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
MX9706214A (es) | 1998-03-31 |
EP0812228B1 (de) | 2000-12-13 |
DE59606217D1 (de) | 2001-01-18 |
JPH11500333A (ja) | 1999-01-12 |
BR9607460A (pt) | 1998-12-15 |
DE19505826A1 (de) | 1996-08-22 |
CZ263897A3 (cs) | 1998-01-14 |
DE19680090D2 (de) | 1998-02-26 |
HUP9802818A2 (hu) | 1999-03-29 |
KR19980702381A (ko) | 1998-07-15 |
AU4874396A (en) | 1996-09-11 |
CA2213485A1 (en) | 1996-08-29 |
AU709741B2 (en) | 1999-09-02 |
WO1996025986A1 (de) | 1996-08-29 |
CN1175907A (zh) | 1998-03-11 |
ATE198052T1 (de) | 2000-12-15 |
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