EP0800477B1 - Vorrichtung zur behandlung von wertstoffgemischen - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zur behandlung von wertstoffgemischen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0800477B1 EP0800477B1 EP95942027A EP95942027A EP0800477B1 EP 0800477 B1 EP0800477 B1 EP 0800477B1 EP 95942027 A EP95942027 A EP 95942027A EP 95942027 A EP95942027 A EP 95942027A EP 0800477 B1 EP0800477 B1 EP 0800477B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rippers
- ripping
- transport
- swords
- open
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B69/00—Unpacking of articles or materials, not otherwise provided for
- B65B69/0008—Opening and emptying bags
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for the treatment of Recyclable mixtures according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Waste management systems become known, in which from the Valuable raw materials can be recovered.
- the "dual system” founded, which guarantees a return of the Industry of packaging materials of all kinds guaranteed.
- the packaging is for this purpose with the so-called Provide "green dot". It refers to All types of packaging, such as glass, tinplate, aluminum, Cardboard, cardboard, paper, plastics, composites, etc. Target is to pack these accumulating materials in large Collect volume, sort and reclaim the Feed individual fractions into a recycling process.
- the problem arises that is huge for the future Amounts of packaging material that are unsorted must be treated accordingly.
- a special form of collecting such packaging for everyone Art provides that these are mixed in by the consumer be collected in a plastic bag. These plastic bags with All types of packaging are then used by the local authorities picked up from individual households and a sorting system fed. This arises at the beginning of the sorting system Problem in what form the packaging from the plastic bag can be removed automatically.
- a device according to the preamble of claim 1 is known DE-U-93 11 832 become known.
- the object too is used to open plastic garbage bags with valuable materials contained therein.
- Continuous chains equipped with tear-open means run in a horizontal plane around the associated drive pinion. This results in inadequate management of the Transport device. This can be detrimental to the Effect treatment of the material to be processed.
- EP 0 563 002 A1 also a device for opening garbage bags become known by means of a vertical plane all-round tines plastic garbage bags on a separate Conveyor belt captured and torn. Also in this one Device are not measures for precise guidance of the long tines.
- the invention has for its object one over State of the art improved device for the treatment of To create mixtures of recyclables in garbage bags that in particular a reliable opening of any hard plastic sacks with packaging inside of all kinds allowed. Overall, the device should also be able to shred garbage altogether, the process must be carried out economically and effectively.
- the basic idea of the invention is that large Amounts of garbage only in an automatic Device and corresponding downstream systems can be processed economically.
- the The device according to the invention has the advantage that, for example resulting garbage bags with the valuable materials contained therein easily into the components of the plastic bag and the bag contents can be separated, so that the mixture of materials the plastic bag can be treated further. It is a particular difficulty, one Obtain separation of these components because the large plastic bags generally a common one Screen device would clog.
- the present invention has been achieved to achieve this object the main idea is that the one device entered garbage bags are treated in such a way that Ripping knife with different movements on Garbage bag inevitably cause the garbage bag to be torn open.
- tear-open swords becomes one that extends for several meters Transport facility created on which the garbage bag transported further and during this transport process is torn open.
- the treatment device accordingly represents a type Transport sieve with bag opening device and at the same time Separating device.
- the opening of the garbage bags is particularly useful in that the tear-open swords an encircling chain have equipped with ripping knives or ripping mandrels are, with different speeds of Ripping knife of the respective ripping swords to one Relative movement against each other, which is a reliable Open the garbage bags on top of it.
- the ripping knife respective ripping swords with different Relative speeds to each other in the same direction or move in opposite directions. It turned out to be particularly advantageously emphasized that a rectified movement of parallel arranged Tearing swords for a transport movement on one Side of the device applied garbage bags that torn open during transport over the ripping swords be so that the garbage it contains between the Ripping swords falls over the way and the stripped sack stripped at the end of the ripping swords or can be removed. This will cause constipation excluded from the system by lying on empty garbage bags and a simultaneous separation of the waste components the sack.
- the tear-open swords next to each other with it revolving drive chains can be parallel and horizontal be aligned. But you can also in a variation of Invention in the direction of transport fanned out be so that the distance between the ripping swords in the direction of transport of the abandoned garbage bags enlarged. In this way, in particular the distance at the beginning the transport route for the garbage bags kept relatively small be so that several juxtaposition swords lying next to each other grab the respective garbage bag and tear it apart. Is the garbage bag is torn open, the garbage can then between the widening ripping swords fall through.
- a slightly increasing arrangement of the transport swords in Direction of transport of the garbage bags has the advantage that these in their dwell time longer on the transport device circulating transport chains remain. This will make the Treatment duration on the garbage bags without an extension of the Transport route increased.
- the chains circulate on the ripping swords in the manner of known chainsaws, i.e. on one face the ripping sword is a drive wheel, over which the circulating chain is guided and driven.
- Different circulation speeds of neighboring Tear-open swords can differ according to the invention large diameter of such drive wheels and / or through different revolutions of the respective drive shafts be achieved. It is appropriate that each The next but one drive wheel for an associated ripping sword on a common shaft as a common drive is arranged, the diameter of the drive wheels of the two parallel drive shafts varies becomes. This ensures that neighboring Drive swords with different Transport speeds of the revolving chains and thus the ripping knife arranged on it run.
- the device according to the invention is advantageous with a chain tensioner for each circulating chain trained, the chain tensioner a control device with automatic switch-off, which the transport of the chain switches off completely or intermittently as soon as one The chain is jammed to a considerable extent.
- the invention is further advantageous by several e.g. parallel hold-down extended, z. B. each above the ripping swords in an inclined incline Arrangement.
- the garbage bags applied will therefore from the transport device of the ripping swords captured, and wedge-shaped under the sloping Hold downs, which in turn are drawn on their undersides Ripping knives can be equipped.
- the Hold down at a front end over a joint Axis of rotation can be rotatably or pivotably mounted so that the up and down in the transport direction is pivotable. This will jam the Prevented garbage components.
- the device 1 is used for the treatment of Recyclable mixtures 2, in particular from household waste or the like. which is initially in a closed plastic garbage bag 3 is located.
- the device 1 is used here especially to open the initially closed Plastic garbage bags 3 and for subsequent separation and distribution of the mixture of valuable substances along the device.
- the device 1 consists of a trough-shaped Receiving container 4 with an inlet chute sloping end wall 5 and two side walls 6, 7 for lateral limitation of the working device.
- the the End wall 5 opposite side 8 is open.
- tear-open swords 10 to 14 there are five so-called tear-open swords 10 to 14 arranged next to one another in the bottom area 9 of the receptacle 4, which extend over a length l 1 , l 1 being 2 to 3 m.
- the tear-open swords 10 to 14 are designed according to the type or the principle of a known chain saw, that is, on the respective flat and upright sword body 15 with the height h 1 , a circumferential chain 16 runs in corresponding guide slots 17, the chain 16 being designed as a round link chain 16 .
- the round link chain carries at a distance l 2 400 mm on the upper run 16 'vertically upward so-called ripping knives 21, which project above the chain 16 at a height h 2 5 to 40 mm.
- the tear-open knives 21 can also be bolt-shaped and are attached, for example via a welded connection 22, to the respective vertically aligned chain link 19.
- the chain 16 is transported via a drive 23, 24, which is described in more detail in relation to FIG. 4.
- the tear-open swords 10 to 14 lie approximately horizontally aligned at a distance a 1 next to one another, the distance being approximately 120 to 180 mm. This lateral spacing of the tear-open swords next to one another must in any case be such that even little-filled garbage bags 3 cannot fall through an intermediate space 31 between the tear-open swords.
- the drive of the chain 16 results from the Representation according to FIGS. 2 and 4.
- the chains 16 of the tear-open swords 10 to 14 should have different speeds v 1 , v 2 .
- the chains 16 of the tear-open swords 10, 12, 14 have a first speed v 1 and the chains 16 of the tear-open swords 11, 13 have a second speed v 2 , where v 2 > v 1 . 4 that the drive wheels 25 for the chains 16 of the tear-open swords 10, 12, 14 have a smaller diameter d 1 than the drive wheels 26 for the chains 16 of the tear-open swords 11, 13 with a diameter d 2 (d 2 > d 1 ).
- the drive wheels 25 are located on a first drive shaft 27 with the associated drive motor 24 and the drive wheels 26 on a second drive shaft 28 with the associated drive motor 23.
- a plastic sack 3 applied to the inlet chute 5 consequently slides onto the front section 29 (throw-in area) of the tear-open swords 10 to 14 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and is transported in the transport direction 30, ie to the left in FIG. 2.
- the closed and filled plastic garbage bag 3 rests on a plurality of tear-open swords 10 to 14 arranged parallel to one another and is gripped by the transport chain 16 with the tear-open knives 21 pointing upward. Since the transport chains 16 of adjacent tear-open swords 10 to 14 move differently at speeds v 1 , v 2 , there is a relative movement of the adjacent tear-open swords and thus the plastic garbage bag is torn open during the transport movement on tear-open swords 10 over the transport length corresponds approximately to the length l 1 .
- the garbage bag opened in this way gradually releases the content of the mixture of valuable materials contained therein, so that this content falls down through the intermediate space 31 between the respective tear-open swords 10 to 14 and occurs on a conveyor belt 32 arranged below the receiving container 4.
- This downward falling material mixture 2 on the conveyor belt 32 is shown schematically in FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the device 1 can be additionally equipped with a number of parallel retainers 33, which are rod-shaped over virtually the entire transport distance l 1 of the rippers above the respective intermediate space 31 (see Fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4).
- a number of parallel retainers 33 which are rod-shaped over virtually the entire transport distance l 1 of the rippers above the respective intermediate space 31 (see Fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4).
- FIGS. 1, 3, 4, 6. Only two hold-down devices 33 are shown in FIGS. 1, 3, 4, 6. These are located in all gaps 31 between or above the tear-open swords 10 to 14.
- the hold-down devices 33 with a length l 2 are pivotally attached on one side to a horizontal axis 35 in the area of the bag feed 34 and form a kind of inlet opening 36 for the plastic bag 3.
- the axis 35 is therefore arranged at a height h 3 above the upper run 16 'of the chain 16, which allows the sack 3 to come to rest below the hold-down device 33.
- the hold-down device 33 tilts to approximately the end region 36 of the respective adjacent tear-open sword, ie a wedge-shaped inlet gap 47 with a smaller angle ⁇ 15 ° is formed.
- the free end 38 of the hold-down device 33 is accordingly freely pivotable up and down (see arrow 39) and is limited in its lowest position by a suspension chain 40 in the rear end 38.
- the hold-down device 33 can in turn have ripping knives 41 in its lower region, which can also extend over the entire length l 2 .
- the plastic bag 3 can be shredded from below by the ripping knives 21 and from above by the ripping knives 41.
- the upper run 16 'of the circulating transport chain 16 is clamped by means of a chain tensioner 43, which by the Deflection of the upper run 16 'in Fig. 2 at Chain tensioner 43 is shown.
- the Chain tensioner 43 with a chain tension measuring device be equipped to block the chain 16 due to of overlying material immediately recognizes and regulates the chain tension and a control of the chain drive makes.
- FIG. 6 shows a further exemplary embodiment with fanned out tear knives 10 to 14 that are not arranged parallel to one another.
- the same parts are identified with the same reference numerals as previously described.
- the distance between the tear-open knives 10 to 14 in the bag application area 34 is denoted by a 1 , in the end area by a 2 , where a 2 > a 1 .
- the bag occupancy density with the tear-open knife 21 in the bag insertion region 34 can be made large in order to achieve a rapid and complete tearing of the garbage bag.
- the distance between the tear-open swords can be gradually increased so that the contents of the sack can fall through the space 31 between the tear-open swords 10 to 14.
- the hold-down devices 33 arranged in the space between the tear-open swords 10 to 14 also run fanned out to the rear. 6 only two hold-down devices 33 are also shown by way of example for a better overview.
- the invention is not based on that shown and described Embodiment limited. Rather, it includes everyone professional training within the scope of Property rights claims.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
- Refuse Collection And Transfer (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- eine Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in perspektivischer Darstellung,
- Fig. 2
- eine Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung im Längsschnitt,
- Fig. 3
- eine Draufsicht der Vorrichtung nach Fig. 1 und 2,
- Fig. 4
- eine Stirnansicht auf die Vorrichtung im Bereich des Antriebs,
- Fig. 5
- eine vergrößerte Darstellung des freien Ende eines Aufreißschwertes und
- Fig. 6
- eine alternative Ausführungsform mit in ihrer Anordnung geänderten Aufreißschwertern in aufgefächerter Form.
Claims (10)
- Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Wertstoffgemischen und insbesondere zum Öffnen von Kunststoff-Müllsäcken mit darin enthaltenen Einzelwertstoffen, wobei im Bodenbereich (9) eines Aufnahmebehälters (4) wenigstens zwei sich längs erstreckende Schienen (10 bis 14) als Transporteinrichtung nebeneinanderliegend angeordnet sind, deren obere Kanten (20) mit sich entlang den Schienen bewegenden, dornenförmigen Aufreißmessern (21) bestückt sind, von denen die Aufreißmesser (21) nebeneinanderliegender Schienen (10 bis 14) unterschiedliche Bewegungsgeschwindigkeiten (v1, v2) aufweisen und der Abstand (a) zweier benachbarter Schienen (10 bis 14) wenigstens so groß bemessen ist, daß der aus den Säcken befreite Wertstoff dazwischen hindurchfällt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schienen als wenigstens im Betrieb ortsfest angeordnete Aufreißschwerter (10 bis 14) mit einer vertikalen Querschnittsanordnung als Führungsbahn für eine Transportmittelrückführung ausgebildet sind.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Aufreißmesser (21) benachbarter Aufreißschwerter (10 bis 14) gleichgerichtete oder gegenläufige Bewegungsrichtungen aufweisen.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nebeneinanderliegende Aufreißschwerter (10 bis 14) mit in gleicher Transportrichtung verlaufenden, jedoch unterschiedliche Geschwindigkeiten (v1, v2) aufweisenden Aufreißmessern (21) parallel zueinander oder mit sich in Transportrichtung (30) erweiterndem Abstand (a1, a2) angeordnet sind.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Aufreißschwerter (10 bis 14) leicht ansteigend angeordnet sind.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß am Behälterboden (9) weitestgehend parallel zueinander die Aufreißschwerter (10 bis 14) etwa horizontal liegend angeordnet sind.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Aufreißschwerter (10 bis 14) mit umlaufenden Ketten (16) und insbesondere Rundgliederketten bestückt sind, die an einer Stirnseite (29) des Aufreißschwertes (10 bis 14) über ein profiliertes Antriebsrad (25, 26) geführt sind, und daß auf den Ketten (16) mit Abstand (b) zueinander dornenförmige Aufreißmesser (21) angeordnet sind.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mehrere Antriebsräder (25, 26) für die umlaufenden Ketten (16) auf einer gemeinsamen Antriebswelle (27, 28) angeordnet sind und unterschiedliche Durchmesser (d1, d2) der Antriebsräder (25, 26) zu unterschiedlichen Transportgeschwindigkeiten (v1, v2) führen.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeweils benachbarte Antriebsräder (25, 26) auf unterschiedlichen und jeweils übernächste Antriebsräder (25, 26) auf derselben Antriebswelle (27, 28) angeordnet sind, wobei die jeweiligen Antriebswellen (27, 28) mit unterschiedlichen Durchmessern (d1, d2) der Antriebsräder (25, 26) bestückt oder mit unterschiedlichen Drehzahlen/Drehrichtungen der Antriebswellen (27, 28) beaufschlagt sind.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Kettenspanner (43) mit einer Überlastschutzeinrichtung vorgesehen ist, die einen momentanen Stillstand der umlaufenden Kette (16) bei Überbelastung bewirkt.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß den Antriebsschwertern (10 bis 14) ein oder mehrere Sack-Niederhalter (33) winklig hierzu zugeordnet sind, die sich parallel angeordnet oberhalb der Antriebsschwerter (10 bis 14) erstrecken und einen keilförmigen Einlaufkanal (37) für die aufzureißenden Säcke (3) bilden, wobei die Sack-Niederhalter (33) vorzugsweise ihrerseits mit Aufreißmessern (41) an ihrer Unterseite bestückt sind.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19500327 | 1995-01-07 | ||
DE1995100327 DE19500327A1 (de) | 1995-01-07 | 1995-01-07 | Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Wertstoffgemischen |
PCT/DE1995/001827 WO1996020871A1 (de) | 1995-01-07 | 1995-12-21 | Vorrichtung zur behandlung von wertstoffgemischen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0800477A1 EP0800477A1 (de) | 1997-10-15 |
EP0800477B1 true EP0800477B1 (de) | 1998-09-16 |
Family
ID=7751104
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95942027A Expired - Lifetime EP0800477B1 (de) | 1995-01-07 | 1995-12-21 | Vorrichtung zur behandlung von wertstoffgemischen |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0800477B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH10511910A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2209641A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19500327A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1996020871A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE50206147D1 (de) | 2001-05-21 | 2006-05-11 | Bezner Maschinen Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur behandlung von wertstoffgemischen |
DE10129356A1 (de) * | 2001-05-21 | 2002-11-28 | Bezner Maschinen Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Wertstoffgemischen |
US7497337B2 (en) * | 2005-10-13 | 2009-03-03 | Wst International (Holdings) Limited | Apparatus for piercing garbage bags, washing materials released from the pierced garbage bags, and collecting nonrigid, elongate objects and powder |
JP2008286499A (ja) * | 2007-05-21 | 2008-11-27 | Eco Keikaku Co Ltd | 焼却物投入ホッパーにおける長尺テープ類のカッター装置 |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1035344B (it) * | 1975-04-16 | 1979-10-20 | R Uti R Srl | Macchina per effettuare la rottura dei sacchetti contenti rifiutt solidi urbanie per selezionare da questi la plastica in film e gli stracci |
CA2090659C (en) | 1992-03-23 | 1995-12-12 | Rader Canada Company | Garbage bag opener |
DE9217165U1 (de) * | 1992-12-16 | 1993-02-18 | Dieball GmbH Anlagen- und Maschinenbau, 3200 Hildesheim | Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Freilegen des Inhalts sackartiger Gebinde |
DE9311832U1 (de) | 1993-08-07 | 1994-04-21 | Transband KG, K.H. Schütterle GmbH & Co., 76275 Ettlingen | Vorbereitungsvorrichtung für das Recycling von Mischabfall |
-
1995
- 1995-01-07 DE DE1995100327 patent/DE19500327A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1995-12-21 JP JP8520678A patent/JPH10511910A/ja active Pending
- 1995-12-21 DE DE59503643T patent/DE59503643D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-12-21 WO PCT/DE1995/001827 patent/WO1996020871A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1995-12-21 EP EP95942027A patent/EP0800477B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-12-21 CA CA 2209641 patent/CA2209641A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2209641A1 (en) | 1996-07-11 |
EP0800477A1 (de) | 1997-10-15 |
JPH10511910A (ja) | 1998-11-17 |
DE19500327A1 (de) | 1996-07-11 |
DE59503643D1 (de) | 1998-10-22 |
WO1996020871A1 (de) | 1996-07-11 |
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