EP0775822A1 - Starting aid method and apparatus for internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Starting aid method and apparatus for internal combustion engine Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0775822A1
EP0775822A1 EP96402432A EP96402432A EP0775822A1 EP 0775822 A1 EP0775822 A1 EP 0775822A1 EP 96402432 A EP96402432 A EP 96402432A EP 96402432 A EP96402432 A EP 96402432A EP 0775822 A1 EP0775822 A1 EP 0775822A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
engine
burner
cooling circuit
exchanger
catalyst
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96402432A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0775822B1 (en
Inventor
Jean Trapy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
Original Assignee
IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN filed Critical IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
Publication of EP0775822A1 publication Critical patent/EP0775822A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0775822B1 publication Critical patent/EP0775822B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02N19/02—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks
    • F02N19/04—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines
    • F02N19/10—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines by heating of engine coolants

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of cold starting of motor vehicles having an internal combustion engine.
  • pollutant emissions must be reduced, especially when cold, during the first minutes of engine operation.
  • pollutant emissions must be reduced, especially when cold, during the first minutes of engine operation.
  • pollutants 80%
  • solutions affecting the engine relate for example to the pre-evaporation of the fuel, the improvement of the atomization of the fuel or the homogenization of the load.
  • patent FR 2 706 184 describes such a fuel vaporization device.
  • One known way is to cover the catalyst with a layer intended to lower the temperature at which the catalyst begins to be active.
  • Another solution may consist in injecting additional air, upstream of the catalyst, which thus receives additional energy and heats up more quickly.
  • the present invention overcomes in particular the problems of the prior art set out above.
  • the present invention provides a method for improving both the consumption and the anti-pollution of cold engines.
  • One of the advantages of the present invention is to provide a heating means whose consumption can be compensated so as not to degrade the thermal and economic balance.
  • the subject of the present invention is a method for assisting in cold starting of motor vehicles with internal combustion engines comprising in particular a cooling circuit and an exhaust line having a catalyst and means for taking off the calories produced by said burner , like an exchanger, the calories thus withdrawn being returned to at least one of the following elements: the intake air, the walls of the engine itself, the internal engine cooling circuit or the heating means of the cabin.
  • said method consisting in using at least one burner to directly heat a gas-liquid exchanger integrated in the engine cooling circuit, as well as the engine exhaust gases so that the intake air and the vehicle interior in particular benefit from the heating of the cooling circuit.
  • the method is used for a determined period, essentially when the engine is cold.
  • the method according to the invention can be used for a determined period depending on the speed and the engine load.
  • the burner is supplied with the same fuel as the engine.
  • the catalyst can be placed between the burner and the heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger can be arranged between the burner and the catalyst.
  • the present invention further relates to a device for assisting in cold starting of motor vehicles with an internal combustion engine comprising in particular a cooling circuit and an exhaust line having a catalyst.
  • the device according to the invention comprises a burner cooperating with means for removing calories such as an exchanger, so that the calories thus removed are returned to at least one of the following elements: the intake air, the walls of the engine itself, the engine cooling circuit or the vehicle interior heating means.
  • the burner is arranged so as to directly heat a gas-liquid exchanger integrated in the engine cooling circuit and the engine exhaust gases, so that the intake air and the passenger compartment of the vehicle in particular benefit from the heating of the cooling circuit.
  • the burner is supplied with the same fuel as the engine.
  • the burner is put into operation for a determined period, essentially when the engine is cold.
  • the burner is put into operation for a determined period, depending on the speed and the engine load.
  • This figure shows schematically an internal combustion engine 1 and the associated cooling circuit 7.
  • the coolant circulates through a pump 2 through several elements for heat exchange: in addition to the metallic mass of the engine 1 itself, the water exchanges calories with the oil via an oil-water exchanger 3, with the intake air via an air-water exchanger 11, and with the passenger compartment via an air heater 4.
  • a thermostat 9 also makes it possible to regulate the flow of water circulating in a radiator 10 and the oil exchanger -water 3.
  • At least one burner 5 is placed on the cooling circuit so that it can heat a gas-liquid exchanger 6 integrated in the cooling circuit 7 of the engine 1.
  • the exchanger 6 is arranged on the 'exhaust 8, so that the combustion gases from the burner 5 pass through the exchanger 6 and are then discharged with the exhaust gases which they heat.
  • the combustion gases from the burner 5 can be used to heat a catalyst (not referenced) placed at the exhaust 8. Once the catalyst is started, the hot gases are converted by it.
  • part of the heat from the combustion gases of the burner 5 is thus captured by the coolant which, via the usual organs of the cooling circuit 7, will transfer this heat to the oil (via the exchanger 3), to the intake air, to the passenger compartment (via the air heater 4) and to the metallic mass of the engine 1.
  • the catalyst (not referenced) can be placed in front of the exchanger 6 integrated in the cooling circuit 7.
  • the operating time of the burner 5 will naturally depend on the outside temperature, but also on the speed and the load imposed on the engine 1. In all cases, only the first minutes of starting must be assisted in this way, a compromise having to be sought in order to not to increase overconsumption.
  • the engine is cold when the temperature of the cooling circuit is less than about 50 ° C.
  • One or more temperature sensors will be provided at the engine level, associated with a burner control element in order to activate it beyond a certain temperature.
  • the essential advantage of the device lies in the improvement of pollution control, achieved overall by accelerated heating of all parts of the engine, in particular that of the air admitted for better carburetion, and of the exhaust catalyst for faster priming.
  • the passenger compartment can be heated to a level sufficient to not require any other additional means of heating.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The method employs a burner (5) acting directly on a gas-liquid heat exchanger (6) integrated into the coolant circuit (7) of the engine (1) and installed in the exhaust pipe (8). The coolant is pumped (2) also through an oil cooler (3), a heater (4) in the passenger accommodation, and a radiator (10) having an inlet thermostat (9). The burner operates while the engine is cold (i.e. coolant temperature is below about 50 degrees C), for a limited duration depending on ambient temperature and engine load. Heat recovery of the order of 10 kW is claimed in the coolant circuit of an average engine, whose warm-up time is halved and the passenger heater benefits by an average of 5 kW.

Description

La présente invention concerne le domaine du démarrage à froid de véhicules automobiles ayant un moteur à combustion interne.The present invention relates to the field of cold starting of motor vehicles having an internal combustion engine.

Vues les normes de plus en plus sévères en vigueur ou à venir, les émissions de polluants doivent être réduites, notamment à froid, pendant les premières minutes de fonctionnement du moteur. On sait en effet que la plupart des polluants (80 %) sont émis dans ce délai, quand le catalyseur de conversion placé dans la ligne d'échappement n'est pas encore suffisamment chauffé par les gaz d'échappement pour être efficace.Given the increasingly stringent standards in force or to come, pollutant emissions must be reduced, especially when cold, during the first minutes of engine operation. We know that most pollutants (80%) are emitted within this period, when the conversion catalyst placed in the exhaust line is not yet sufficiently heated by the exhaust gases to be effective.

Il est actuellement de notoriété qu'un des obstacles majeurs pour la dépollution des véhicules automobiles se situe dans la phase de mise en température qui suit un démarrage à froid.It is currently known that one of the major obstacles to the depollution of motor vehicles lies in the warm-up phase following a cold start.

Il y a plusieurs raisons pour cela, la première dans l'ordre d'importance étant l'énorme accroissement de la viscosité des lubrifiants à froid, pouvant dépasser 1000 cSt au-dessous de 0°C, avec pour conséquence des niveaux de frottement très élevés dans le moteur, entraînant des surconsommations non moins élevées. Ce fait est aggravé par les difficultés d'alimentation à basse température, la mauvaise qualité des mélanges carburés provenant de la pulvérisation et de l'évaporation insuffisantes du carburant dans l'air admis, que l'on compense tant bien que mal par un enrichissement de la charge en carburant. Les surconsommations sont naturellement accompagnées d'émissions élevées des polluants de base, monoxyde de carbone et imbrûlés, conséquences de mélanges trop riches et de combustions incomplètes, et que n'arrive pas à éliminer le catalyseur d'échappement tant que sa température d'amorçage n'est pas atteinte, ce qui peut nécessiter plusieurs minutes.There are several reasons for this, the first in order of importance being the enormous increase in the viscosity of cold lubricants, which can exceed 1000 cSt below 0 ° C, resulting in very high friction levels. high in the engine, resulting in no less high overconsumption. This fact is aggravated by the difficulties of feeding at low temperature, the poor quality of the fuel mixtures coming from the spraying and from the insufficient evaporation of the fuel in the intake air, which is compensated as best as possible by enrichment. of the fuel load. Overconsumption is naturally accompanied by high emissions of basic pollutants, carbon monoxide and unburnt, consequences of excessively rich mixtures and incomplete combustions, and which the exhaust catalyst cannot eliminate as long as its ignition temperature is not reached, which may take several minutes.

Par ailleurs les améliorations dans la conception des chambres de combustion ont entraîné un réel accroissement du rendement thermodynamique pour les moteurs récents, avec pour corollaire une diminution de la chaleur transférée à travers les parois des cylindres, donc une difficulté supplémentaire pour échauffer le moteur, et par là même l'habitacle du véhicule, en exploitant d'une manière naturelle la chaleur contenue dans l'eau de refroidissement.Furthermore, the improvements in the design of the combustion chambers have resulted in a real increase in the thermodynamic efficiency for recent engines, with the corollary a reduction in the heat transferred through the walls of the cylinders, therefore an additional difficulty in heating the engine, and thereby the passenger compartment of the vehicle, by exploiting naturally the heat contained in the cooling water.

De nombreuses études ont donc déjà porté sur le problème du démarrage à froid des véhicules automobiles. Les solutions sont essentiellement de deux types : celles extérieures au moteur et celles visant directement le moteur.Many studies have therefore already focused on the problem of cold starting of motor vehicles. The solutions are essentially of two types: those outside the engine and those aimed directly at the engine.

Les solutions touchant le moteur concernent par exemple la pré-évaporation du carburant, l'amélioration de l'atomisation du carburant ou encore l'homogénéisation de la charge. A titre d'exemple, le brevet FR 2 706 184 décrit un tel dispositif de vaporisation de carburant.The solutions affecting the engine relate for example to the pre-evaporation of the fuel, the improvement of the atomization of the fuel or the homogenization of the load. By way of example, patent FR 2 706 184 describes such a fuel vaporization device.

Les solutions "extérieures" au moteur concernent notamment la ligne d'échappement et plus précisément la réduction du temps nécessaire pour amorcer le (ou les) catalyseur(s) placé à l'échappement.The solutions "external" to the engine relate in particular to the exhaust line and more precisely the reduction of the time necessary to prime the catalyst (s) placed in the exhaust.

Un voie connue consiste à recouvrir le catalyseur d'une couche destinée à abaisser la température à laquelle le catalyseur commence à être actif.One known way is to cover the catalyst with a layer intended to lower the temperature at which the catalyst begins to be active.

Une autre solution peut consister à réaliser une injection d'air additionnel, en amont du catalyseur qui reçoit ainsi une énergie supplémentaire et s'échauffe plus rapidement.Another solution may consist in injecting additional air, upstream of the catalyst, which thus receives additional energy and heats up more quickly.

Le chauffage électrique du catalyseur peut aussi être envisagé comme par exemple dans le brevet EP-B1-605479. Cette solution est certes efficace puisque totalement dédiée au chauffage du pot catalytique. Cependant ce système est consommateur d'énergie puisqu'il consomme au minimum trois ou quatre kilowatts sur la batterie. Une batterie additionnelle doit être envisagée. Le bilan énergétique n'est donc pas complètement satisfaisant et le rendement global est très faible.The electric heating of the catalyst can also be envisaged, for example in patent EP-B1-605479. This solution is certainly effective since it is completely dedicated to heating the catalytic converter. However, this system consumes energy since it consumes at least three or four kilowatts on the battery. An additional battery should be considered. The energy balance is therefore not completely satisfactory and the overall yield is very low.

Ainsi de récents développements ont cherché à réduire la capacité électrique nécessaire au chauffage du catalyseur.Recent developments have therefore sought to reduce the electrical capacity necessary for heating the catalyst.

Les solutions qui vont dans ce sens consistent à choisir un élément catalytique approprié et à le placer au bon endroit.The solutions which go in this direction consist in choosing an appropriate catalytic element and placing it in the right place.

D'autres solutions technologiques ont été envisagées comme par exemple le préchauffage du pot catalytique par des gaz chauds générés par un brûleur placé en amont dudit pot. Le document WO 95/14852 décrit un agencement de ce type. La puissance thermique d'une telle unité est forte, de l'ordre de 15 kW de sorte que le catalyseur peut être activé en 20 secondes environ. L'avantage est le bon rendement de ce système, proche de 100 %.Other technological solutions have been envisaged such as for example the preheating of the catalytic converter by hot gases generated by a burner placed upstream of said pot. WO 95/14852 describes an arrangement of this type. The thermal power of such a unit is high, of the order of 15 kW so that the catalyst can be activated in approximately 20 seconds. The advantage is the good performance of this system, close to 100%.

Néanmoins, un des problèmes de ce type de solution est de nécessiter un élément ici le brûleur dont l'unique fonction est de chauffer le (ou les) catalyseur(s).However, one of the problems of this type of solution is to require an element here the burner whose sole function is to heat the catalyst (s).

En outre, aussi bien pour le chauffage électrique que pour le chauffage par brûleur, un problème de vieillissement prématuré et/ou imprévisible du catalyseur peut se poser, ce problème étant dû aux fortes et brèves sollitations thermiques du catalyseur.In addition, both for electric heating and for heating by burner, a problem of premature and / or unpredictable aging of the catalyst may arise, this problem being due to the strong and brief thermal stresses of the catalyst.

La présente invention permet de pallier notamment les problèmes de l'art antérieur énoncés ci-dessus.The present invention overcomes in particular the problems of the prior art set out above.

Ainsi la présente invention propose une méthode pour améliorer à la fois la consommation et l'anti-pollution des moteurs à froid.Thus, the present invention provides a method for improving both the consumption and the anti-pollution of cold engines.

L'un des intérêts de la présente invention est de prévoir un moyen de chauffage dont la consommation peut être compensée afin de ne pas dégrader le bilan thermique et économique.One of the advantages of the present invention is to provide a heating means whose consumption can be compensated so as not to degrade the thermal and economic balance.

Ainsi la présente invention a pour objet un procédé d'aide au démarrage à froid de véhicules automobiles à moteurs à combustion interne comprenant notamment un circuit de refroidissement et une ligne d'échappement ayant un catalyseur et des moyens de prélèvement de calories produites par ledit brûleur, tel un échangeur, les calories ainsi prélevées étant restituées à au moins l'un des éléments suivants : l'air d'admission, les parois du moteur lui-même, le circuit interne de refroidissement du moteur ou le moyen de chauffage de l'habitacle.Thus the subject of the present invention is a method for assisting in cold starting of motor vehicles with internal combustion engines comprising in particular a cooling circuit and an exhaust line having a catalyst and means for taking off the calories produced by said burner , like an exchanger, the calories thus withdrawn being returned to at least one of the following elements: the intake air, the walls of the engine itself, the internal engine cooling circuit or the heating means of the cabin.

Selon l'invention ledit procédé consistant à utiliser au moins un brûleur pour chauffer directement un échangeur gaz-liquide intégré dans le circuit de refroidissement du moteur, ainsi que les gaz d'échappement du moteur de sorte que l'air d'admission et l'habitacle du véhicule notamment bénéficient du chauffage du circuit de refroidissement.According to the invention, said method consisting in using at least one burner to directly heat a gas-liquid exchanger integrated in the engine cooling circuit, as well as the engine exhaust gases so that the intake air and the vehicle interior in particular benefit from the heating of the cooling circuit.

Selon l'invention le procédé est utilisé pendant une durée déterminée, essentiellement lorsque le moteur est froid.According to the invention, the method is used for a determined period, essentially when the engine is cold.

En outre, le procédé selon l'invention peut être utilisé pendant une durée déterminée en fonction du régime et de la charge du moteur.In addition, the method according to the invention can be used for a determined period depending on the speed and the engine load.

De façon particulière, le brûleur est alimenté par le même carburant que le moteur.In particular, the burner is supplied with the same fuel as the engine.

Le catalyseur peut être disposé entre le brûleur et l'échangeur de chaleur.The catalyst can be placed between the burner and the heat exchanger.

Sans sortir du cadre de l'invention, l'échangeur de chaleur peut être disposé entre le brûleur et le catalyseur.Without departing from the scope of the invention, the heat exchanger can be arranged between the burner and the catalyst.

La présente invention concerne en outre un dispositif d'aide au démarrage à froid de véhicules automobiles à moteur à combustion interne comprenant notamment un circuit de refroidissement et une ligne d'échappement ayant un catalyseur.The present invention further relates to a device for assisting in cold starting of motor vehicles with an internal combustion engine comprising in particular a cooling circuit and an exhaust line having a catalyst.

Le dispositif selon l'invention comprend un brûleur coopérant avec des moyens de prélèvement de calories tels un échangeur, de sorte que les calories ainsi prélevées soient restituées à l'un au moins des éléments suivants : l'air d'admission, les parois du moteur lui-même, le circuit de refroidissement du moteur ou le moyen de chauffage de l'habitacle du véhicule.The device according to the invention comprises a burner cooperating with means for removing calories such as an exchanger, so that the calories thus removed are returned to at least one of the following elements: the intake air, the walls of the engine itself, the engine cooling circuit or the vehicle interior heating means.

Conformément à l'invention, le brûleur est disposé de façon à chauffer directement un échangeur gaz-liquide intégré dans le circuit de refroidissement du moteur et les gaz d'échappement du moteur, de sorte que l'air d'admission et l'habitacle du véhicule notamment bénéficient du chauffage du circuit de refroidissement.According to the invention, the burner is arranged so as to directly heat a gas-liquid exchanger integrated in the engine cooling circuit and the engine exhaust gases, so that the intake air and the passenger compartment of the vehicle in particular benefit from the heating of the cooling circuit.

Avantageusement, le brûleur est alimenté par le même carburant que le moteur.Advantageously, the burner is supplied with the same fuel as the engine.

Selon l'une de ses caractéristiques, le brûleur est mis en fonctionnement pendant une durée déterminée, essentiellement lorsque le moteur est froid.According to one of its characteristics, the burner is put into operation for a determined period, essentially when the engine is cold.

Selon une autre caractéristique, le brûleur est mis en fonctionnement pendant une durée déterminée, en fonction du régime et de la charge du moteur.According to another characteristic, the burner is put into operation for a determined period, depending on the speed and the engine load.

D'autres caractéristiques, avantages et particularités de la présente invention apparaîtront mieux à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, faite à titre illustratif et nullement limitatif en référence à l'unique figure annexée.Other characteristics, advantages and particularities of the present invention will appear better on reading the description which follows, given by way of illustration and in no way limiting with reference to the single appended figure.

Sur cette figure sont schématisés un moteur 1 à combustion interne et le circuit de refroidissement associé 7.This figure shows schematically an internal combustion engine 1 and the associated cooling circuit 7.

De façon habituelle, le liquide de refroidissement circule grâce à une pompe 2 à travers plusieurs éléments pour échange de chaleur : outre la masse métallique du moteur 1 lui-même, l'eau échange des calories avec l'huile via un échangeur huile-eau 3, avec l'air d'admission via un échangeur air-eau 11, et avec l'habitacle via un aérotherme 4. Un thermostat 9 permet en outre de réguler le débit d'eau circulant dans un radiateur 10 et l'échangeur huile-eau 3.Usually, the coolant circulates through a pump 2 through several elements for heat exchange: in addition to the metallic mass of the engine 1 itself, the water exchanges calories with the oil via an oil-water exchanger 3, with the intake air via an air-water exchanger 11, and with the passenger compartment via an air heater 4. A thermostat 9 also makes it possible to regulate the flow of water circulating in a radiator 10 and the oil exchanger -water 3.

Selon l'invention, au moins un brûleur 5 est placé sur le circuit de refroidissement de telle façon qu'il puisse chauffer un échangeur gaz-liquide 6 intégré dans le circuit de refroidissement 7 du moteur 1. L'échangeur 6 est disposé sur l'échappement 8, de telle sorte que les gaz de combustion du brûleur 5 traversent l'échangeur 6 puis sont évacués avec les gaz d'échappement qu'ils échauffent. Ainsi les gaz de combustion du brûleur 5 peuvent être utilisés pour échauffer un catalyseur (non référencé) placé à l'échappement 8. Une fois le catalyseur amorcé, les gaz chauds sont convertis par celui-ci.According to the invention, at least one burner 5 is placed on the cooling circuit so that it can heat a gas-liquid exchanger 6 integrated in the cooling circuit 7 of the engine 1. The exchanger 6 is arranged on the 'exhaust 8, so that the combustion gases from the burner 5 pass through the exchanger 6 and are then discharged with the exhaust gases which they heat. Thus, the combustion gases from the burner 5 can be used to heat a catalyst (not referenced) placed at the exhaust 8. Once the catalyst is started, the hot gases are converted by it.

Autrement dit, une partie de la chaleur provenant des gaz de combustion du brûleur 5 est ainsi captée par le liquide de refroidissement qui, par l'intermédiaire des organes habituels du circuit de refroidissement 7, va transférer cette chaleur à l'huile (via l'échangeur 3), à l'air d'admission, à l'habitacle (via l'aérotherme 4) et à la masse métallique du moteur 1.In other words, part of the heat from the combustion gases of the burner 5 is thus captured by the coolant which, via the usual organs of the cooling circuit 7, will transfer this heat to the oil (via the exchanger 3), to the intake air, to the passenger compartment (via the air heater 4) and to the metallic mass of the engine 1.

L'autre partie de la chaleur issue du brûleur 5, ayant traversé l'échangeur 6, va donc se mélanger aux gaz d'échappement du moteur 1 comme indiqué ci-avant.The other part of the heat from the burner 5, having passed through the exchanger 6, will therefore mix with the exhaust gases from the engine 1 as indicated above.

Sans sortir du cadre de la présente invention, le catalyseur (non référencé) peut être placé devant l'échangeur 6 intégré dans le circuit de refroissement 7.Without departing from the scope of the present invention, the catalyst (not referenced) can be placed in front of the exchanger 6 integrated in the cooling circuit 7.

Les calculs montrent que l'on peut de cette manière espérer une récupération de chaleur de l'ordre de 10 kW dans le circuit de refroidissement 7 d'un moteur d'automobile de classe moyenne, ce qui a pour conséquence une diminution d'un facteur 2 du temps de montée en températures des fluides, tout en garantissant un chauffage convenable de l'habitacle avec 5 kW disponibles en moyenne à l'aérotherme. Ceci est valable pour des conditions de mise en action à faible régime et faible charge, qui sont les plus concernées par les problèmes déjà évoqués.The calculations show that it is possible in this way to hope for heat recovery of the order of 10 kW in the cooling circuit 7 of a medium-class automobile engine, which results in a decrease in factor 2 of the temperature rise time of the fluids, while ensuring adequate heating of the passenger compartment with 5 kW available on average with the air heater. This is valid for actuation conditions at low speed and low load, which are the most affected by the problems already mentioned.

La durée de fonctionnement du brûleur 5 dépendra naturellement de la température extérieure, mais aussi du régime et de la charge imposés au moteur 1. Dans tous les cas seules les premières minutes du démarrage devront être assistées de cette manière, un compromis devant être recherché afin de ne pas accroître la surconsommation.The operating time of the burner 5 will naturally depend on the outside temperature, but also on the speed and the load imposed on the engine 1. In all cases, only the first minutes of starting must be assisted in this way, a compromise having to be sought in order to not to increase overconsumption.

De façon courante, on considère que le moteur est froid lorsque la température du circuit de refroidissement est inférieure à environ 50°C.It is commonly considered that the engine is cold when the temperature of the cooling circuit is less than about 50 ° C.

Un ou plusieurs capteurs de température seront prévus au niveau du moteur, associés à un élément de commande du brûleur afin d'activer celui-ci au-delà d'une certaine température.One or more temperature sensors will be provided at the engine level, associated with a burner control element in order to activate it beyond a certain temperature.

Dans ces conditions, on peut au moins espérer un bilan inchangé en ce qui concerne la consommation, c'est-à-dire que le carburant utilisé dans le brûleur pourra être compensé par les gains de rendement du moteur réalisés grâce à une diminution rapide des frottements, conséquence d'une montée en température plus rapide du lubrifiant, et grâce à l'amélioration de la carburation.Under these conditions, we can at least hope for an unchanged balance sheet with regard to consumption, that is to say that the fuel used in the burner can be offset by the engine efficiency gains achieved thanks to a rapid reduction in friction, consequence of a faster rise in temperature of the lubricant, and thanks to the improvement of the carburetion.

Le bilan économique du système sera d'autant plus favorable que la température au moment du démarrage sera plus faible, l'accroissement des frottements étant quasi exponentiel avec la diminution de la température.The economic balance of the system will be all the more favorable as the temperature at the time of start-up will be lower, the increase in friction being almost exponential with the decrease in temperature.

Ainsi, l'avantage essentiel du dispositif réside dans l'amélioration de la dépollution, réalisée globalement par un chauffage accéléré de toutes les parties du moteur, en particulier celui de l'air admis pour une meilleure carburation, et du catalyseur d'échappement pour un amorçage plus rapide. Enfin, le chauffage de l'habitacle pourra être assuré à un niveau suffisant pour ne pas nécessiter d'autre moyen additionnel de chauffage.Thus, the essential advantage of the device lies in the improvement of pollution control, achieved overall by accelerated heating of all parts of the engine, in particular that of the air admitted for better carburetion, and of the exhaust catalyst for faster priming. Finally, the passenger compartment can be heated to a level sufficient to not require any other additional means of heating.

Claims (10)

Procédé d'aide au démarrage à froid de véhicules automobiles à moteurs à combustion interne comprenant notamment un circuit de refroidissement (7), une ligne d'échappement ayant un catalyseur, ledit procédé consistant à utiliser au moins un brûleur (5) et des moyens de prélèvement de calories produites par ledit brûleur, tel un échangeur, les calories ainsi prélevées étant restituées à au moins l'un des éléments suivants : l'air d'admission, les parois du moteur lui-même, le circuit interne de refroidissement du moteur ou le moyen de chauffage de l'habitacle, ledit brûleur (5) étant utilisé pour chauffer directement un échangeur gaz-liquide (6) intégré dans le circuit de refroidissement (7) du moteur (1), ainsi que les gaz d'échappement du moteur (1), de sorte que l'air d'admission et l'habitacle du véhicule notamment bénéficient du chauffage du circuit de refroidissement.Method for assisting in cold starting of motor vehicles with internal combustion engines comprising in particular a cooling circuit (7), an exhaust line having a catalyst, said method consisting in using at least one burner (5) and means for removing the calories produced by said burner, such as an exchanger, the calories thus removed being returned to at least one of the following elements: the intake air, the walls of the engine itself, the internal cooling circuit of the engine or the passenger compartment heating means, said burner (5) being used to directly heat a gas-liquid exchanger (6) integrated in the cooling circuit (7) of the engine (1), as well as the engine exhaust (1), so that the intake air and the passenger compartment of the vehicle in particular benefit from the heating of the cooling circuit. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il est utilisé pendant une durée déterminée, essentiellement lorsque le moteur est froid.Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it is used for a determined period, essentially when the engine is cold. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est utilisé pendant une durée déterminée en fonction du régime et de la charge du moteur (1).Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is used for a period determined according to the speed and the load of the engine (1). Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le brûleur (5) est alimenté par le même carburant que le moteur (1).Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the burner (5) is supplied with the same fuel as the engine (1). Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ledit catalyseur est disposé entre le brûleur (5) et l'échangeur (6).Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said catalyst is disposed between the burner (5) and the exchanger (6). Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'échangeur (6) est disposé entre ledit brûleur (5) et ledit catalyseur.Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the exchanger (6) is arranged between said burner (5) and said catalyst. Dispositif d'aide au démarrage à froid de véhicules automobiles à moteur (1) à combustion interne comprenant notamment un circuit de refroidissement (7) et une ligne d'échappement ayant un catalyseur, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un brûleur (5) coopérant avec des moyens de prélèvement de calories (6) tels un échangeur, de sorte que les calories ainsi prélevées soient restituées à l'un au moins des éléments suivants : l'air d'admission, les parois du moteur lui-même, le circuit de refroidissement du moteur ou le moyen de chauffage de l'habitacle du véhicule, ledit brûleur (5) étant disposé de façon à chauffer directement un échangeur gaz-liquide (6) intégré dans le circuit de refroidissement (7) du moteur (1) et les gaz d'échappement du moteur, de sorte que l'air d'admission et l'habitacle du véhicule notamment bénéficient du chauffage du circuit de refroidissement.Device for assisting in cold starting of motor vehicles with internal combustion engine (1) comprising in particular a cooling circuit (7) and an exhaust line having a catalyst, characterized in that it comprises a burner (5) cooperating with means for withdrawing calories (6) such as an exchanger, so that the calories thus withdrawn are returned to at least one of the following elements: the intake air, the walls of the engine itself, the engine cooling circuit or the vehicle interior heating means, said burner (5) being arranged so as to directly heat a gas-liquid exchanger (6) integrated in the engine cooling circuit (7) (1 ) and gases engine exhaust, so that the intake air and the passenger compartment of the vehicle in particular benefit from the heating of the cooling circuit. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le brûleur (5) est alimenté par le même carburant que le moteur (1).Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the burner (5) is supplied with the same fuel as the engine (1). Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le brûleur (5) est mis en fonctionnement pendant une durée déterminée, essentiellement lorsque le moteur est froid.Device according to any one of Claims 7 to 8, characterized in that the burner (5) is operated for a determined period, essentially when the engine is cold. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le brûleur (5) est mis en fonctionnement pendant une durée déterminée, en fonction du régime et de la charge du moteur.Device according to any one of Claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the burner (5) is operated for a determined period, depending on the speed and the load of the engine.
EP96402432A 1995-11-23 1996-11-14 Starting aid method and apparatus for internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP0775822B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9514062A FR2741675B1 (en) 1995-11-23 1995-11-23 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR AIDING THE COLD STARTING OF MOTOR VEHICLES
FR9514062 1995-11-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0775822A1 true EP0775822A1 (en) 1997-05-28
EP0775822B1 EP0775822B1 (en) 2003-01-02

Family

ID=9484945

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96402432A Expired - Lifetime EP0775822B1 (en) 1995-11-23 1996-11-14 Starting aid method and apparatus for internal combustion engine

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6047676A (en)
EP (1) EP0775822B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69625578D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2741675B1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2766763A1 (en) * 1997-08-04 1999-02-05 Inst Francais Du Petrole METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR HEATING THE COCKPIT AND / OR ENGINE OF A MOTOR VEHICLE
CN102359429A (en) * 2011-11-01 2012-02-22 徐州万邦道路工程装备服务股份公司 Engine low-temperature cold starting system
CN111765029A (en) * 2020-05-25 2020-10-13 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 Cooling liquid preheating and waste heat recovery device and vehicle

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11117739A (en) * 1997-10-09 1999-04-27 Toyota Motor Corp Cooling water circulating device for internal combustion engine
JP3695187B2 (en) * 1998-01-21 2005-09-14 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Combustion heater for internal combustion engine
GB2338056B (en) * 1998-04-14 2002-08-28 Gec Alsthom Diesels Ltd Fluid circuit arrangement
JP3514119B2 (en) * 1998-06-18 2004-03-31 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Internal combustion engine having a combustion heater
WO2002103198A1 (en) * 2001-06-19 2002-12-27 Microcoating Technologies, Inc. Thermal management of engines
US8118239B2 (en) * 2004-05-18 2012-02-21 International Thermal Investments Ltd. Potable water heater
US20070256797A1 (en) * 2006-05-04 2007-11-08 Steve Orton Roll-up door system
CN106194493A (en) * 2016-08-05 2016-12-07 上海交通大学 The integrated thermal management system that a kind of engine exhaust energy reclaims
US10982629B2 (en) * 2019-01-30 2021-04-20 Volvo Car Corporation Vehicle intake air heater

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5192021A (en) * 1990-08-23 1993-03-09 Man Nutzfahrzeuge Aktiengesellschaft Arrangement for heating passenger areas of vehicles
DE4139600A1 (en) * 1991-11-30 1993-06-03 Emitec Emissionstechnologie Heating vehicle exhaust catalyser - using burner in exhaust line providing heated gases even on cold starting
DE4208621A1 (en) * 1992-03-18 1993-09-23 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Exhaust gas system for vehicle IC engine - uses waste heat from burner for catalytic converter to warm vehicle interior
FR2706184A1 (en) 1993-06-07 1994-12-16 Inst Francais Du Petrole Fuel vaporization device in an intake duct of an internal combustion engine.
EP0605479B1 (en) 1991-09-28 1995-05-17 Emitec Gesellschaft für Emissionstechnologie mbH Exhaust gas catalytic converter
WO1995014852A1 (en) 1993-11-29 1995-06-01 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Multiple internal combustion engine exhaust system with a burner

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2134144A1 (en) * 1970-07-09 1972-01-20 Thomson Csf Opto-electric writing system for the production of microcircuits
DE3144349A1 (en) * 1981-11-07 1983-05-19 Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, 8000 München DIESEL INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH RUST BURNING DEVICE
US4448157A (en) * 1982-03-08 1984-05-15 Eckstein Robert J Auxiliary power unit for vehicles
US4513911A (en) * 1983-07-05 1985-04-30 Sanchez Francis F Auxiliary vehicle space heater
DE3341097A1 (en) * 1983-11-12 1985-05-23 Volkswagenwerk Ag, 3180 Wolfsburg Internal combustion engine for vehicles, in particular passenger vehicles
EP0197823A1 (en) * 1985-03-20 1986-10-15 Valeo Heat exchanger for a motor vehicle, particularly of the type for exhaust gases
US4685292A (en) * 1985-09-09 1987-08-11 Zwick Energy Research Organization, Inc. Exhaust cooling system for internal combustion engine
US4781242A (en) * 1987-03-09 1988-11-01 Volvo Flygmotor A.B. Exhaust heat recovery system for compartment heating
US4777796A (en) * 1987-03-09 1988-10-18 Teledyne Industries, Inc. Heat recovery muffler system
DE3730598A1 (en) * 1987-09-11 1989-03-23 Eberspaecher J HEAT CARRIER CIRCUIT FOR VEHICLE HEATING WITH A MOTOR-INDEPENDENT HEATING UNIT
DE3914834A1 (en) * 1989-05-05 1990-11-08 Webasto Ag Fahrzeugtechnik Car heater with burner surrounded by heat exchanger - has liq. heating medium to gaseous heat exchanger and returned to first heat exchanger
BR9106096A (en) * 1990-02-27 1993-02-24 Orbital Eng Pty EXHAUST EMISSION CONTROL
US5205250A (en) * 1991-12-06 1993-04-27 Herbert Easterly Fuel preheating system

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5192021A (en) * 1990-08-23 1993-03-09 Man Nutzfahrzeuge Aktiengesellschaft Arrangement for heating passenger areas of vehicles
EP0605479B1 (en) 1991-09-28 1995-05-17 Emitec Gesellschaft für Emissionstechnologie mbH Exhaust gas catalytic converter
DE4139600A1 (en) * 1991-11-30 1993-06-03 Emitec Emissionstechnologie Heating vehicle exhaust catalyser - using burner in exhaust line providing heated gases even on cold starting
DE4208621A1 (en) * 1992-03-18 1993-09-23 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Exhaust gas system for vehicle IC engine - uses waste heat from burner for catalytic converter to warm vehicle interior
FR2706184A1 (en) 1993-06-07 1994-12-16 Inst Francais Du Petrole Fuel vaporization device in an intake duct of an internal combustion engine.
WO1995014852A1 (en) 1993-11-29 1995-06-01 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Multiple internal combustion engine exhaust system with a burner

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2766763A1 (en) * 1997-08-04 1999-02-05 Inst Francais Du Petrole METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR HEATING THE COCKPIT AND / OR ENGINE OF A MOTOR VEHICLE
EP0895886A1 (en) * 1997-08-04 1999-02-10 Institut Francais Du Petrole Method and system for heating of the interior and/or the motor of a vehicle
CN102359429A (en) * 2011-11-01 2012-02-22 徐州万邦道路工程装备服务股份公司 Engine low-temperature cold starting system
CN111765029A (en) * 2020-05-25 2020-10-13 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 Cooling liquid preheating and waste heat recovery device and vehicle
CN111765029B (en) * 2020-05-25 2022-02-15 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 Cooling liquid preheating and waste heat recovery device and vehicle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0775822B1 (en) 2003-01-02
US6047676A (en) 2000-04-11
FR2741675A1 (en) 1997-05-30
FR2741675B1 (en) 1998-01-02
DE69625578D1 (en) 2003-02-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0775822B1 (en) Starting aid method and apparatus for internal combustion engine
WO2003069149A1 (en) Method for controlling the temperature of gases fed into the engine of a motor vehicle, exchanger, and device for controlling the temperature of said gases
FR2536459A1 (en) METHOD AND BOILING COOLING CIRCUIT FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
FR2884556A1 (en) Vehicle IC engine energy recuperator has Rankine cycle system with single loop containing compressor and evaporators connected to exhaust pipe
WO2009068504A1 (en) Pollution control and heating device and method for a motor vehicle
WO2014096132A1 (en) Engine intake air thermal management device and associated thermal management method
FR3080887A1 (en) SYSTEM FOR COOLING AN ENGINE WITH TWO THERMOSTATS AND INTEGRATING A CIRCUIT ACCORDING TO A RANKINE CYCLE
EP1965045B1 (en) Method and device for reheating crankcase emissions and gravity collector designed for crankcase emissions
FR2778206A1 (en) CATALYTIC POT DEVICE
EP2039906B1 (en) Method of controlling the temperature of an internal combustion engine with turbo charger and intercooler
FR2916020A1 (en) ADMISSION SYSTEM FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE EQUIPPED WITH AN EGR SYSTEM
FR2914960A1 (en) Heat engine e.g. internal combustion engine, reheating device for motor vehicle, has heat pipe to transfer calories heated by solar radiation, where calories evaporates liquid for reheating before and/or during starting of engine
FR2669962A1 (en) EVAPORATIVE COOLING PROCESS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND IMPLEMENTATION DEVICE.
FR2753490A1 (en) METHOD FOR OPERATING AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE TO REDUCE POLLUTANTS EMITTED AND ENGINE USING THE SAME
FR3066556B1 (en) MOTOR POWERTRAIN WITH ADDITIONAL HEAT SOURCE INTEGRATED INTO A HEAT PUMP CIRCUIT
FR2880074A1 (en) Internal combustion engine e.g. diesel engine, for motor vehicle, has intake air regulation system with Peltier effect cell to increase or decrease temperature of intake air in inlet of combustion chamber to regulate air temperature
FR2751276A1 (en) FUEL SUPPLY SYSTEM COMPRISING A FUEL TANK
FR2823704A1 (en) Thermal management system for hybrid motor vehicle fitted with a combustible battery, has cooling fluid circuit passing through combustible battery
FR2855562A1 (en) Heat transfer device for use in motor vehicles power unit, has set of primary units and set of secondary units, where secondary units are integrated or replaced by one of existing components of power unit of vehicle
FR2777606A1 (en) DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE OUTPUT POWER OF A COMBUSTION HEATER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
FR2697869A1 (en) Motor vehicle internal combustion engine cooling system - has first cooling circuit boiling cooling fluid, and second cooling circuit including heat exchanger connected to vehicle lubricating circuit, pump, heater and control system
FR2740837A1 (en) COOLING SYSTEM OF A VEHICLE WITH INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
EP0850791B1 (en) Heating system for the passenger compartment of a diesel combustion engine motor vehicle
FR2846715A1 (en) Device supplying heat to automobile engine cooling loop comprises circuit connecting fluid outlet from engine to principal valve allowing passage of fluid to second circuit comprising heat exchanger cooling fluid before return to engine
FR2776026A1 (en) COMBUSTION HEATING DEVICE FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): DE GB IT SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19971128

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19991014

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE GB IT SE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: 20030102:NOT ENGLISH

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 20030104

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69625578

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20030206

Kind code of ref document: P

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20031027

Year of fee payment: 8

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20031124

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20031204

Year of fee payment: 8

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20031003

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20041114

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20041115

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050601

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed
GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20041114

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20051114