EP0774027B1 - Conduit souterrain - Google Patents
Conduit souterrain Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0774027B1 EP0774027B1 EP95926410A EP95926410A EP0774027B1 EP 0774027 B1 EP0774027 B1 EP 0774027B1 EP 95926410 A EP95926410 A EP 95926410A EP 95926410 A EP95926410 A EP 95926410A EP 0774027 B1 EP0774027 B1 EP 0774027B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- elements
- reinforcements
- spoilers
- shells
- underground conduit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/045—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them
- E02D29/05—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them at least part of the cross-section being constructed in an open excavation or from the ground surface, e.g. assembled in a trench
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a conduit underground to create a passage for a track traffic or for a watercourse, for example.
- the elements forming the vault of the work can be of section substantially hemi-tubular.
- the width at the base of the structure exceeds approximately five meters or that its height exceeds about three meters, it becomes impossible to manufacture and transport to the site of such items.
- We then realize the vault by assembling many elements.
- a section of pipe is consisting, in addition to the raft or the soles, by two elements forming a vault, called "half-shells", the lower longitudinal edges are engaged in grooves in the raft and whose edges upper longitudinal sections have reinforcement outgoing and are assembled by keying and pouring a sill.
- This document shows a possibility of assembling two half-shells, consisting of mounting a scaffolding on the raft or between the soles, in front of the wrench vaulted.
- the commonly used technique is to place the half-shells pressing against each other with interlocking at their longitudinal edges superiors, to key outgoing armatures, making protruding upwards, by means of longitudinal reinforcements, to build a formwork around these reinforcements, and to pour a concrete sill in this formwork.
- British patent application GB 2 254 350 describes a work with half shells assembled as a key vault by transverse tie rods and concrete pouring. Each half-shell includes a projecting spoiler, the two spoilers coming to bear against each other after assembly, to allow the clamping of the tie rods. The residual gap between the spoilers is plugged, before pouring of the concrete, by a sealing putty.
- Patent application No. FR 2 682 141 describes a process for making a construction joint between two prefabricated elements, consisting in providing at least one elements of a spoiler protruding beyond its surface end, this spoiler being made of concrete molded in one piece with this element and delimiting one side of the joint area; to have shims made of material elastic between the end surface of an element and looped reinforcement of the other element; to place the end of the spoiler of an element against the part correspondent of the other element, with interposition of sealing means; and to use concrete to bond to low shrinkage.
- the purpose of the holds is to obtain a "monolithism” flawless joints, allowing, before setting concrete, a certain freedom of compaction of the elements to assemble, thanks to elastic shims. After taking concrete, the forces are transmitted via the concrete, which is in homogeneous contact with the surface end of the elements.
- the present invention aims to solve the aforementioned specific problem of transversal efforts particularly important exerted on a sill of keystone, when installing embankments on the sides of the work.
- the invention aims, in a way general, to provide an underground conduit perfectly resistant over time to the forces exerted on it by embankments, while being simple and quick to build.
- the conduit that the invention relates to includes, in known manner, a raft or support soles on which are based prefabricated elements, called half-shells, making it possible to constitute a vault, these elements being assembled to each other longitudinally and transversely, at the key vault, by a concrete sill cast in situ, and comprising outgoing reinforcement as well as walls protruding, called spoilers, protruding from the elements interior side, these spoilers extending beyond the ends of the outgoing reinforcement, facing each other others when these elements are placed in position assembly and delimiting, with the longitudinal edges elements, a groove in which concrete can be poured to form the sill assembly.
- the length of the spoilers is such that the ends of these spoilers are located, after assembly, at a distance from each other sufficient to never come into contact with each other the others when the half-shells are deformed by the installation of embankments.
- the Applicant has in fact found that the half-shells more or less deform upwards when placing backfill on the sides of the book. As a result, the half-shells act on the sill like levers around the bearing surfaces of the half-shells against each other others, located below the sill.
- the spoilers do not come in contact with each other, so that the elements are not directly in contact with one another the other. No leverage occurs during the deformation of the elements, and no effort in overhang is not passed on to the sill by the elements.
- Outgoing frames and frames longitudinal keying are advantageously located in the extension of the wall of the elements, that is to say in places where efforts are mainly exerted resulting from the stresses suffered by the elements, which ensures a particularly solid and resistant assembly in time.
- the outgoing reinforcements form loops through which the longitudinal reinforcement can be implemented by engagement.
- studs forming spacers are inserted between the end faces of the spoilers. These studs allow to maintain a minimum space between these end faces, the time of the installation of the reinforcement and sill reinforcement. These items are then removed.
- the elements are kept in their assembly position, before reinforcement keying and sinking the sill, using one or more rigid longitudinal plates, which are fixed, with possibility of play, spoilers and which connect them one to the other.
- the elements include threaded bushings embedded in their thickness substantially at the base of the spoilers, allowing the setting place of screws ensuring the fixing of said one or more plates.
- the lower longitudinal edges elements coming to bear on the raft or on the soles include support pads between which outgoing reinforcements protrude, in continuation of the wall of these elements, these studs and reinforcements being intended to be embedded in concrete poured on site, after possible installation of additional reinforcements, in order to constitute the raft or the soles.
- the studs comprise nipples, protruding from their underside, intended to be engaged in positioning holes arranged in the slab cast in place, intended to support the conduit.
- the engagement of these nipples in these holes allows a precise provisional positioning of the ends of the elements, the time to pour the concrete coming to drown the studs and outgoing frames.
- Figure 1 is a perspective view, with partial removal
- Figures 2 and 3 are sectional views, enlarged scale, assemblies between these elements constitutive.
- Figure 1 shows an underground pipe 2 allowing the construction of a passage for a traffic or for a stream, for example.
- the conduit 2 comprises two support flanges 3 resting on a slab 4 and two elements 5, or "half-shells", constituting, when assembled, a arch supporting the embankments 6.
- the half-shells 5 are assembled one to the other at the keystone, and are assembled soles 3.
- Figure 2 shows the connection of the half-shells 5 to each other at the keystone.
- each half-shell 5 comprises outgoing frames 10 forming loops, arranged in the extension of the wall of the half-shell 5, and includes a wall, or "spoiler”, 11 projecting from the inner shell 5 extending beyond the end of the outgoing reinforcement 10.
- each half-shell 5 comprises threaded inserts 12 embedded in their thickness substantially at the base of the spoilers 11.
- Figure 3 shows the connection of the half-shells 5 at the level of the support plates 3.
- lower half-shells 5 include studs support 15 between which outgoing reinforcements 16 are projection, in line with the wall of the half-shells 5.
- each pad 15 includes a stud 17, projecting perpendicularly relative to it, while slab 4 includes positioning holes 18, in which the pins 17 can be hired.
- slab 4 made of lean concrete, is pouring on site, after completion of the earthworks adequate.
- the holes 18 are arranged during this pouring or drilled after the concrete has dried.
- the half-shells 5 are then positioned above of slab 4, so as to engage the pins 17 in holes 18 and bring the ends of the spoilers 11 close to each other, as shown in the figure 2.
- Hard polystyrene pads 20 are inserted between the end faces of the spoilers 11, then of the plates longitudinal metal 21 are fixed to the spoilers 11, with possibility of play, using screws 22 engaged in the threaded sockets 12.
- the spoilers 11 are held opposite each other and the half-shells 5 are placed in the assembly position.
- the spoilers 11 and the upper longitudinal edges 5a of half-shells 5 then define a groove longitudinal.
- a sealing strip 25 is placed at the bottom of this groove so as to cover the existing space between the two ends of the spoilers 11.
- Reinforcement intermediate 26 and longitudinal reinforcement 27 are so put in place by engagement in the loops that form the outgoing reinforcements 10, in order to achieve a bonding of these, then concrete 28 is poured into the groove to constitute an assembly sill.
- the pads 15 and frames 16 are then embedded in concrete poured on site to form the footings 3, after fitting any reinforcements additional.
- the distance between the ends of the spoilers 11 is sufficient so that these spoilers never come in contact with each other when the half shells are deformed by the placement of embankments on the sides of the book.
- the half-shells 5 are not in abutment one against the other. No leverage occurs during the deformation undergone by the half-shells 5 under the weight of the embankments 6, and no effort in overhang is not transmitted to sill 28 by them.
- Outgoing reinforcements 10 and reinforcements 26,27 in addition are found in the extension of the wall of the half-shells 5, that is to say where the efforts resulting from constraints undergone by them.
- the studs 20 form spacers allowing maintain a minimum space between the end faces spoilers 11 during the installation of the reinforcements 26,27 and the sinking of the sill. They are normally removed, as well as plate 21, after drying concrete. It is however possible to leave them in place without hard spots being created between the half-shells 5, due to their weak material resistant to compression.
- the studs 15 and outgoing frames 16, once embedded in the concrete poured on site intended to constitute the soles 3, ensure a perfect connection with installation of the half-shells 5 and the support flanges 3.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
- Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Description
Claims (8)
- Conduit souterrain permettant d'aménager un passage pour une voie de circulation, du type comprenant un radier ou des semelles d'appui (3) sur lesquelles reposent des éléments préfabriqués (5), dits demi-coquilles, permettant de constituer une voûte, ces éléments (5) étant assemblés les uns aux autres longitudinalement et transversalement, au niveau de la clé de voûte, par une longrine en béton coulé in situ, et comprenant des armatures sortantes (10) ainsi que des parois saillantes, dites becquets (11), faisant saillie des éléments (5) côté intérieur, ces becquets (11) s'étendant au-delà des extrémités des armatures sortantes (10), venant en face les uns des autres lorsque ces éléments (5) sont placés en position d'assemblage et délimitant, avec les bords longitudinaux supérieurs des éléments (5), une rainure dans laquelle du béton peut être coulé pour constituer la longrine d'assemblage, conduit caractérisé en ce que la longueur des becquets (11) est telle que les extrémités de ces becquets (11) soient situées, après assemblage, à une distance les unes des autres suffisante pour ne jamais venir en contact les unes avec les autres lorsque les demi-coquilles (5) sont déformées par la mise en place des remblais.
- Conduit souterrain selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les armatures sortantes (10) et les armatures longitudinales de clavage (26,27) sont situées dans le prolongement de la paroi des éléments.
- Conduit souterrain selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les armatures sortantes (10) forment des boucles au travers desquelles les armatures longitudinales de clavage (26,27) peuvent être mises en place par engagement.
- Conduit souterrain selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que des plots (20) formant des entretoises sont insérés entre les faces d'extrémités des becquets (11).
- Conduit souterrain selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les éléments (5) sont maintenus dans leur position d'assemblage, avant clavage des armatures (10) et coulage de la longrine, au moyen d'une ou plusieurs plaques rigides longitudinales (21), qui sont fixées, avec possibilité de jeu, aux becquets (11) et qui les relient l'un à l'autre.
- Conduit souterrain selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les éléments (5) comprennent des douilles taraudées (12), noyées dans leur épaisseur sensiblement au niveau de la base des becquets (11), permettant la mise en place de vis (22) assurant le fixation de la ou desdites plaques (21).
- Conduit souterrain selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les bords longitudinaux inférieurs des éléments (5) venant en appui sur le radier ou sur les semelles (3) comprennent des plots d'appui (15) entre lesquels des armatures sortantes (16) font saillie, dans le prolongement de la paroi de ces éléments (5), ces plots (15) et armatures (16) étant destinés à être noyés dans du béton coulé sur place, après mise en place éventuelle d'armatures supplémentaires, afin de constituer le radier ou les semelles (3).
- Conduit souterrain selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les plots (15) comprennent des tétons (17), faisant saillie de leur face inférieure, destinés à être engagés dans des trous de positionnement (18) aménagés dans la dalle (4) coulée sur place, destinée à supporter le conduit (2).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9409607 | 1994-07-28 | ||
FR9409607A FR2723116B1 (fr) | 1994-07-28 | 1994-07-28 | Conduit souterrain |
PCT/FR1995/000981 WO1996003552A1 (fr) | 1994-07-28 | 1995-07-20 | Conduit souterrain |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0774027A1 EP0774027A1 (fr) | 1997-05-21 |
EP0774027B1 true EP0774027B1 (fr) | 1998-09-30 |
Family
ID=9466018
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95926410A Expired - Lifetime EP0774027B1 (fr) | 1994-07-28 | 1995-07-20 | Conduit souterrain |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0774027B1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU3081295A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2723116B1 (fr) |
MA (1) | MA23541A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1996003552A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2751675B1 (fr) * | 1996-07-24 | 1998-09-18 | Samflo | Element prefabrique en beton pour la construction d'un ouvrage d'art a paroi voutee |
FR2781828B1 (fr) * | 1998-07-29 | 2000-09-22 | Freyssinet Int Stup | Procede de realisation d'une voute, piece d'appui et demi-coquille pour la realisation de la voute |
FR2785311B1 (fr) * | 1998-11-02 | 2006-08-11 | Samflo | Dispositif de positionnement d'elements de construction |
WO2001051769A1 (fr) * | 2000-01-11 | 2001-07-19 | Nordmarkens Betongprodukter Aktiebolag | Element de construction en forme d'arc |
FR2858640B1 (fr) * | 2003-08-06 | 2005-10-28 | Jean Marc Jailloux | Dispositif de chainage pour elements de voute et voute ainsi obtenue |
CN109356126B (zh) * | 2018-11-22 | 2023-10-31 | 中电建十一局工程有限公司 | 对半预制廊道结构及廊道施工方法 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ATE70606T1 (de) * | 1981-11-17 | 1992-01-15 | Marcel Matiere | Verfahren zur herstellung von hohlen elementen, wie etwa leitungen, silos oder bunker und elemente, hergestellt durch dieses verfahren. |
FR2609071B1 (fr) * | 1986-12-29 | 1991-05-17 | Bourachot Francois | Composants en beton arme pour construction rapide de petits ouvrages d'art - ponceaux - galeries techniques - passages souterrains pour pietons ou vehicules legers |
FR2642109B1 (fr) * | 1989-01-20 | 1991-05-03 | Matiere Marcel | Structure creuse allongee et son procede de fabrication |
NZ242122A (en) * | 1991-04-02 | 1995-01-27 | Csr Humes Pty Ltd | Bridge or tunnel construction including at least one arch unit formed from plurality of interconnected reinforced concrete segments |
FR2682141B1 (fr) * | 1991-10-04 | 1998-10-02 | Sogea | Procede pour realiser un joint de construction entre deux elements prefabriques d'un ouvrage, joint de construction s'y rapportant et ouvrage comportant un tel joint. |
FR2684401B1 (fr) * | 1991-11-29 | 1998-10-02 | Sogea | Procede pour realiser un ouvrage d'art tubulaire et ouvrage s'y rapportant. |
FR2684710B1 (fr) * | 1991-12-09 | 1993-11-12 | Guy Pierrel | Procede de construction d'ouvrages, tels que pont cadre, galerie, conduit de grande dimension, reservoir, par assemblage d'elements prefabriques . |
FR2706498B1 (fr) * | 1993-06-17 | 1995-09-08 | Prefac | Procédé de réalisation d'un ouvrage d'art voûté sous remblai, aménageant un passage. |
-
1994
- 1994-07-28 FR FR9409607A patent/FR2723116B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-05-04 MA MA23873A patent/MA23541A1/fr unknown
- 1995-07-20 AU AU30812/95A patent/AU3081295A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-07-20 EP EP95926410A patent/EP0774027B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-07-20 WO PCT/FR1995/000981 patent/WO1996003552A1/fr active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
MA23541A1 (fr) | 1995-12-31 |
WO1996003552A1 (fr) | 1996-02-08 |
FR2723116B1 (fr) | 1997-03-14 |
AU3081295A (en) | 1996-02-22 |
FR2723116A1 (fr) | 1996-02-02 |
EP0774027A1 (fr) | 1997-05-21 |
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