EP0773084B1 - Sawing tool, in particular saw chain - Google Patents

Sawing tool, in particular saw chain Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0773084B1
EP0773084B1 EP97101210A EP97101210A EP0773084B1 EP 0773084 B1 EP0773084 B1 EP 0773084B1 EP 97101210 A EP97101210 A EP 97101210A EP 97101210 A EP97101210 A EP 97101210A EP 0773084 B1 EP0773084 B1 EP 0773084B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
teeth
cutting
saw
cutting edges
support
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97101210A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0773084A2 (en
EP0773084A3 (en
Inventor
Christoph Rossmann
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HARD-STIFTUNG
Hard Stiftung
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HARD-STIFTUNG
Hard Stiftung
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Publication of EP0773084A3 publication Critical patent/EP0773084A3/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27BSAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • B27B33/00Sawing tools for saw mills, sawing machines, or sawing devices
    • B27B33/14Saw chains
    • B27B33/142Cutter elements
    • B27B33/145Cutter elements having plural teeth on a single link
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27BSAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • B27B33/00Sawing tools for saw mills, sawing machines, or sawing devices
    • B27B33/14Saw chains
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00Cutting
    • Y10T83/909Cutter assemblage or cutter element therefor [e.g., chain saw chain]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00Cutting
    • Y10T83/909Cutter assemblage or cutter element therefor [e.g., chain saw chain]
    • Y10T83/913With means permitting removal of cutter element
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00Cutting
    • Y10T83/909Cutter assemblage or cutter element therefor [e.g., chain saw chain]
    • Y10T83/917Having diverse cutting elements
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00Cutting
    • Y10T83/909Cutter assemblage or cutter element therefor [e.g., chain saw chain]
    • Y10T83/925Having noncutting depth gauge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a saw and in particular a chainsaw, as specified in the preamble of claim 1 in detail.
  • a chainsaw is e.g. known from US-A-1412315.
  • the saws known up to now are not actually “cutting tools” but rather “tear tools”. This is particularly evident in Consideration of the separable surfaces that can be achieved with the previously known saws on Sawing material. These are characterized by the so-called "sawing roughness" out. In many cases the difference lies in the length of the individual fibers of the respective separating surface in the order of mm.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of a saw mentioned type so that they have a smooth saw cut can deliver and only a comparatively low driving force required.
  • a saw according to the invention distributes the task of opening up the cohesion in the sawn material on at least two different types of tooth.
  • Subsequent clearing teeth then remove the cut teeth Material like a planing knife. This results in a smooth cut without steps and without fiber roughness, i.e. a surface to be cut, as it was previously only possible by re-planing or re-grinding.
  • the saw operation requires only a small amount in both directions Driving force, so that, if necessary, an electric for the saw drive Accumulator is sufficient.
  • the forces acting on the saw also show a completely symmetrical distribution, so that no lateral guidance in the saw operation is required.
  • the operating speed is low, so too in the event of derailment or breakage of the carrier, there is no risk of accident flying parts can arise.
  • the slow running in Emergency a quick shutdown of the saw, and it also increases the stability of the cutting elements.
  • FIG. 1 shows two chain links suspended in one another A and B, each of which is shown in FIG. 2 for the chain link A shown way from a central core part K and two outer side parts S and S 'exists, but in Fig. 1 to illustrate the shape of the Core part K the side part S 'is removed. Both the core part K and the side parts S and S 'can each be made of riveted sheets be put together.
  • the direction of travel shown in FIG. 3 Saw chain assembled from a large number of such chain links is indicated in Fig. 1 by a double arrow L, since a saw operation both when the chain links move from left to right as well such from right to left is possible and is equally effective.
  • Both the core parts K and the side parts S and S 'are at all chain links are the same, and in addition, the Side parts S and S 'each designed identically; it is therefore in following only the core part K and the side part S of the chain link A in described.
  • the core parts K have a straight upper edge and a straight lower edge, with a wedge-shaped over the lower edge Drive tooth 17 protrudes downward, over which the saw chain moves can be set while a cutting element is formed on the upper edge is that in the example shown the middle part of a clearing tooth 10 forms, which also corresponds to the representation in FIGS. 2 and 4 the subsequent side parts S and S 'extends.
  • the core part K has on its right or front edge in FIG. 1 of the single link A a forward and on its longitudinal central axis to downward curved approach 1, the top with a saddle 14 in the upper edge of the core part K merges and at its free end into one downward nose 11 that still runs above the longitudinal central axis of the single link A.
  • Approach 1 corresponds to an upper recess 3, which is molded into the respective core part K from the rear edge is and in the composite saw chain each approach 1 of next core part K takes up, as shown in Fig. 1 for the two Chain links A and B is shown.
  • the recess 3 has near her inner reason a bevel 12 on the nose 11 at the free end of Approach 1 is assigned.
  • 3 is at the upper end of the recess a horn 13 at the transition point into the upper edge of the respective core part K. trained that in the composite saw chain with the saddle 14 of the previous core part K interacts, as is also shown 1 can be seen.
  • a hook 2 starts, which its free end is bent downwards and forwards, this free End lies below the longitudinal central axis of the respective core part K.
  • a corresponding to this hook 2 Lower recess 4 is provided, which in the assembled saw chain Hook 2 of the preceding core part K picks up.
  • Each points Recess 4 each have a notch 15 at its inner end, which on the assigned hook 2 has a projection 16 formed on its rear edge Location and shape corresponds.
  • an up and back curved hinge pin 5 of approximate comma shape trained which in the assembled saw chain to the inner Cavity of the hook 2 of the preceding core part K hugs as shown in Fig. 1 for the chain links A and B is shown.
  • the curved surfaces of the interacting sections of all core parts K preferably follow arcs, with the radii and the center points of these arcs deviate from each other for corresponding surfaces or are offset from each other, that all relative movements before mutual Touch are finished and touching surfaces smoothly roll on each other. This results in between those assigned to each other Surface gradually closing gaps, so that more accruing in the sawing operation Fine dirt is pushed to the ends of the contact surfaces and Will get removed.
  • a lateral displacement of the chain links A and B against each other transversely to its running plane acts Nesting of each core part K between the two side parts S and S ' opposite.
  • the side parts S and S ' which are identical to each other are different from the core parts K enclosed by them Shape on; however, like the core parts K, they are closed, rigid at right angles to the running level, but foldable within the running level Bandage can be hooked into each other.
  • each of the side parts S and S ' has a locking nose 7 directed downwards at its front edge on, in their shape with a recess provided at the rear edge 8 corresponds so that the locking lugs 7 of the side parts S and S 'of subsequent chain link B into the recesses 8 in the side parts S and S 'of the preceding chain link A can be suspended.
  • each chain link with only one type of tooth, that is, only with Cutting teeth or only with broaching teeth, and also more can be provided as only two types of teeth, individual if desired Chain links can also be left without a cutting element.
  • the center of the crescent arch forms the highest point of the contour and travels at 90 ° against the direction of the saw through the material to be cut. Whose Elasticity causes the material to be cut even after reaching the maximum Cutting depth still presses against the cutting edge.
  • the steady and The symmetrical shape of the cutting edge means that it does not become one abrupt entry or exit from the material to be cut and each piece the cutting edge finds support in its neighborhood, which results for smooth cut surfaces on the material to be cut and high stability of the saw leads.
  • the clearing teeth 10 have two to each other in the example shown parallel cutting edges that run at 90 ° against the chain running direction L. They work analogously to planer knives. Instead of the training shown the cutting edge is also a symmetrical arrow or notch shape possible for the cutting edges, and also one for the chain running direction L oblique cutting edge course can be provided.
  • Both the cutting teeth 9 and the clearing teeth 10 can be exchanged be connected to chain links A and B.
  • the invention can be described as a saw with a variety of teeth on a common carrier with mutual follow the distance along its direction and partially have differently designed working edges.
  • At least two types of teeth are provided, which vary from type to type differ from each other in the shape and / or position of their cutting edges.
  • the teeth of one type as cutting teeth and the teeth of one other type are designed as teeth that periodically along the carrier alternate successively.
  • each other pivotable individual links As a carrier for the cutting elements come in addition to the the example provided chain described from each other pivotable individual links also differently designed flexible elements such as Bands or cords, but also stiffer bodies like more or less firm ones Saw blades or circular saw discs.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Sawing (AREA)
  • Holo Graphy (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
  • Enzymes And Modification Thereof (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Dry Shavers And Clippers (AREA)
  • Chain Conveyers (AREA)

Abstract

The coupled chain links carry cutting elements. The inter-engaging, adjacent chain links (A, B) are coupled along edge faces, orthogonal to the common running plane, to a common set, transverse to the running plane. Pref., each chain link has a multilayer configuration with an inner core (K) and two side portions (5, 5'), with the latter identical. Each core portion has a downwards curved extension (1), starting at its front edge, and a downward and forward bent hook (2), starting at the link rear edge. The extension of the next link core is retained in a complementary recess (3). A front recess (4) with a link bolt (5) suspends the hook.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Säge und insbesondere eine Kettensäge, wie sie im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 im einzelnen angegeben ist. Eine derartige Kettensäge ist z.B. aus US-A-1412315 bekannt.The invention relates to a saw and in particular a chainsaw, as specified in the preamble of claim 1 in detail. Such a chainsaw is e.g. known from US-A-1412315.

Die bisher bekannten Sägen zeichnen sich sämtlich und auch dann, wenn sie mit unterschiedlich ausgebildeten Zähnen ausgestattet sind, durch eine Arbeitsweise aus, bei der das Sägegut nicht zerschnitten sondern zerrissen wird. Die bisher bekannten Sägen sind also nicht eigentlich "Schneidwerkzeuge" sondern eher "Reißwerkzeuge". Dies zeigt sich insbesondere auch bei Betrachtung der mit den bisher bekannten Sägen erzielbaren Trennflächen am Sägegut. Diese zeichnen sich nämlich durch die sogenannte "Sägerauhigkeit" aus. Vielfach liegt der Unterschied in der Abrißlänge der Einzelfasern in der jeweiligen Trennfläche in der Größenordnung mm.The saws known up to now stand out and even if they are equipped with differently trained teeth, by a Working method in which the sawdust is not cut but torn becomes. The saws known up to now are not actually "cutting tools" but rather "tear tools". This is particularly evident in Consideration of the separable surfaces that can be achieved with the previously known saws on Sawing material. These are characterized by the so-called "sawing roughness" out. In many cases the difference lies in the length of the individual fibers of the respective separating surface in the order of mm.

In den meisten Fällen erfolgt die Auftrennung des Zusammenhalts im Sägegut außerdem unter Zerreißen von dessen Fasern in ihrer Längsrichtung, in der die Festigkeit des Sägeguts am größten ist. Dies verlangt naturgemäß einen sehr großen Kraftaufwand für die Sägearbeit, und demtentsprechend groß wird der Energiebedarf für den Sägeantrieb.In most cases, the cohesion is broken down in the Saw material also tearing its fibers in their longitudinal direction, where the strength of the sawdust is greatest. This naturally requires a very large amount of effort for the sawing work, and accordingly large becomes the energy requirement for the saw drive.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Säge der eingangs erwähnten Art so auszubilden, daß sie einen glatten Sägeschnitt zu liefern vermag und dabei nur eine vergleichsweise geringe Antriebskraft verlangt.The invention is therefore based on the object of a saw mentioned type so that they have a smooth saw cut can deliver and only a comparatively low driving force required.

Die gestellte Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung gelöst durch eine Ausbildung der Säge, wie sie im Patentanspruch 1 im einzelnen angegeben ist; vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen. The object is achieved according to the invention by training the saw as specified in claim 1 in detail; advantageous refinements and developments of the invention result from the subclaims.

Eine Säge gemäß der Erfindung verteilt die Aufgabe einer Auftnennung des Zusammenhalts im Sägegut auf wenigstens zwei verschiedene Zahnsorten. Um die Schnittiefe eines Arbeitsgangs überstehende Schneidzähne schneiden entsprechend in das Sägegut ein; dabei ist eine Schneidzahnausbildung mit zwei längs der Schnittrichtung und symmetrisch dazu verlaufenden Messeraußenkanten von sichelförmiger Wölbung nach außen bevorzugt, die bis zu ihrem höchsten Rundungspunkt in das Sägegut einschneiden und einen Sägebetrieb sowohl in Vorwärtsrichtung als auch in Rückwärtsrichtung mit gleicher Wirksamkeit erlauben. Jeweils nachfolgende Räumzähne entfernen dann das abgeschnittene Material nach Art eines Hobelmessers. Damit ergibt sich ein glatter Schnitt ohne Treppenstufen und ohne Faserrauhigkeit, also eine Schneidgutoberfläche, wie sie bisher nur mittels Nachhobeln oder Nachschleifen erzielbar ist.A saw according to the invention distributes the task of opening up the cohesion in the sawn material on at least two different types of tooth. Around the cutting teeth projecting beyond the cutting depth cut accordingly into the sawdust; there is a cutting tooth formation with two along the cutting direction and symmetrical outer edges of the knife preferred from crescent-shaped curvature to the outside, up to its highest Cut the rounding point into the sawn material and a sawmill both in the forward direction as well as in the backward direction with the same effectiveness allow. Subsequent clearing teeth then remove the cut teeth Material like a planing knife. This results in a smooth cut without steps and without fiber roughness, i.e. a surface to be cut, as it was previously only possible by re-planing or re-grinding.

Der Sägebetrieb verlangt in beiden Laufrichtungen nur eine geringe Antriebskraft, so daß für den Sägeantrieb gegebenenfalls ein elektrischer Akkumulator ausreicht. Die auf die Säge wirkenden Kräfte zeigen außerdem eine völlig symmetrische Verteilung, so daß keine Seitenführung im Sägebetrieb erforderlich ist. Die Betriebsgeschwindigkeit ist klein, so daß auch bei einer Entgleisung oder einem Bruch des Trägers keine Unfallgefahr durch umherfliegende Teile entstehen kann. Weiter ermöglicht der langsame Lauf im Notfall ein rasches Stillsetzen der Säge, und außerdem erhöht sich dadurch die Standfestigkeit der Schneidelemente.The saw operation requires only a small amount in both directions Driving force, so that, if necessary, an electric for the saw drive Accumulator is sufficient. The forces acting on the saw also show a completely symmetrical distribution, so that no lateral guidance in the saw operation is required. The operating speed is low, so too in the event of derailment or breakage of the carrier, there is no risk of accident flying parts can arise. Furthermore, the slow running in Emergency, a quick shutdown of the saw, and it also increases the stability of the cutting elements.

Für die weitere Erläuterung der Erfindung wird nunmehr auf die Zeichnung Bezug genommen, in der ein Ausführungsbeispiel für die Erfindung in Form einer Kettensäge veranschaulicht ist; dabei zeigen in der Zeichnung:

Fig. 1
zwei in gestreckter Betriebsstellung ineinandergreifende Kettenglieder in einer Seitenansicht nach Abnahme ihres einen Seitenteils,
Fig. 2
ein einzelnes Kettenglied in einer Stirnansicht,
Fig. 3
eine Gesamtdarstellung einer Sägekette auf zwei Umlenkrollen und
Fig. 4
zwei verschiedene Schneidelemente in einer vergrößerten Perspektivdarstellung.
For further explanation of the invention, reference is now made to the drawing, in which an embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the form of a chainsaw; show in the drawing:
Fig. 1
two chain links interlocking in the extended operating position in a side view after removal of their one side part,
Fig. 2
a single chain link in a front view,
Fig. 3
an overall view of a saw chain on two pulleys and
Fig. 4
two different cutting elements in an enlarged perspective view.

Die Darstellung in Fig. 1 zeigt zwei ineinander eingehängte Kettenglieder A und B, von denen jedes in der in Fig. 2 für das Kettenglied A gezeigten Weise aus einem mittleren Kernteil K und zwei äußeren Seitenteilen S und S' besteht, wobei jedoch in Fig. 1 zur Veranschaulichung der Form des Kernteils K das Seitenteil S' abgenommen ist. Sowohl das Kernteil K als auch die Seitenteile S und S' können jeweils aus miteinander vernieteten Blechen zusammengesetzt werden. Die Laufrichtung der in aus Fig. 3 ersichtlicher Weise aus einer Vielzahl solcher Kettenglieder zusammengefügten Sägekette ist in Fig. 1 durch einen Doppelpfeil L angedeutet, da ein Sägebetrieb sowohl bei einer Bewegung der Kettenglieder von links nach rechts als auch bei einer solchen von rechts nach links möglich und gleich wirksam ist.The illustration in FIG. 1 shows two chain links suspended in one another A and B, each of which is shown in FIG. 2 for the chain link A shown way from a central core part K and two outer side parts S and S 'exists, but in Fig. 1 to illustrate the shape of the Core part K the side part S 'is removed. Both the core part K and the side parts S and S 'can each be made of riveted sheets be put together. The direction of travel shown in FIG. 3 Saw chain assembled from a large number of such chain links is indicated in Fig. 1 by a double arrow L, since a saw operation both when the chain links move from left to right as well such from right to left is possible and is equally effective.

Sowohl die Kernteile K als auch die Seitenteile S und S' sind bei allen Kettengliedern jeweils gleich ausgebildet, und außerdem sind die Seitenteile S und S' jeweils identisch gestaltet; es werden daher im folgenden nur das Kernteil K und das Seitenteil S des Kettengliedes A im einzelnen beschrieben.Both the core parts K and the side parts S and S 'are at all chain links are the same, and in addition, the Side parts S and S 'each designed identically; it is therefore in following only the core part K and the side part S of the chain link A in described.

Wie Fig. 1 zeigt, weisen die Kernteile K eine gerade Oberkante und eine gerade Unterkante auf, wobei über die Unterkante ein keilförmiger Antriebszahn 17 nach unten übersteht, über den sich die Sägekette in Bewegung setzen läßt, während an der Oberkante ein Schneidelement ausgebildet ist, das bei dem dargestellten Beispiel den mittleren Teil eines Räumzahnes 10 bildet, der sich entsprechend der Darstellung in Fig. 2 und 4 auch über die anschließenden Seitenteile S und S' erstreckt.1 shows, the core parts K have a straight upper edge and a straight lower edge, with a wedge-shaped over the lower edge Drive tooth 17 protrudes downward, over which the saw chain moves can be set while a cutting element is formed on the upper edge is that in the example shown the middle part of a clearing tooth 10 forms, which also corresponds to the representation in FIGS. 2 and 4 the subsequent side parts S and S 'extends.

An seiner in Fig. 1 rechten oder vorderen Kante weist das Kernteil K des Einzelgliedes A einen nach vorn gerichteten und auf seine Längsmittelachse zu nach unten gekrümmten Ansatz 1 auf, der oben mit einem Sattel 14 in die Oberkante des Kernteils K übergeht und an seinem freien Ende in eine nach unten gerichtete Nase 11 ausläuft, die noch oberhalb der Längsmittelachse des Einzelglieds A liegt. Dem Ansatz 1 entspricht eine obere Ausnehmung 3, die von der hinteren Kante her in das jeweilige Kernteil K eingeformt ist und in der zusammengesetzten Sägekette jeweils den Ansatz 1 des nächstfolgenden Kernteils K aufnimmt, wie dies in Fig. 1 für die beiden Kettenglieder A und B gezeigt ist. Dazu weist die Ausnehmung 3 nahe ihrem inneren Grunde eine Anschrägung 12 auf, die der Nase 11 am freien Ende des Ansatzes 1 zugeordnet ist. Außerdem ist am oberen Ende der Ausnehmung 3 an der Übergangsstelle in die Oberkante des jeweiligen Kernteils K ein Horn 13 ausgebildet, das in der zusammengesetzten Sägekette mit dem Sattel 14 des vorangehenden Kernteils K zusammenwirkt, wie dies ebenfalls aus der Darstellung in Fig. 1 ersichtlich ist.The core part K has on its right or front edge in FIG. 1 of the single link A a forward and on its longitudinal central axis to downward curved approach 1, the top with a saddle 14 in the upper edge of the core part K merges and at its free end into one downward nose 11 that still runs above the longitudinal central axis of the single link A. Approach 1 corresponds to an upper recess 3, which is molded into the respective core part K from the rear edge is and in the composite saw chain each approach 1 of next core part K takes up, as shown in Fig. 1 for the two Chain links A and B is shown. For this purpose, the recess 3 has near her inner reason a bevel 12 on the nose 11 at the free end of Approach 1 is assigned. In addition, 3 is at the upper end of the recess a horn 13 at the transition point into the upper edge of the respective core part K. trained that in the composite saw chain with the saddle 14 of the previous core part K interacts, as is also shown 1 can be seen.

Von der hinteren Kante des Kernteils K geht ein Haken 2 aus, der an seinem freien Ende nach unten und vorn abgebogen ist, wobei dieses freie Ende unterhalb der Längsmittelachse des jeweiligen Kernteils K liegt. An der vorderen Kante des Kernteils K ist in Entsprechung zu diesem Haken 2 eine untere Ausnehmung 4 vorgesehen, die in der zusammengesetzten Sägekette den Haken 2 des jeweils vorangehenden Kernteils K aufnimmt. Dabei weist jede Ausnehmung 4 jeweils an ihrem inneren Ende eine Kerbe 15 auf, der an dem zugeordneten Haken 2 ein an dessen Hinterkante ausgebildeter Vorsprung 16 in Lage und Form entspricht. Außerdem ist im unteren Bereich der Ausnehmung 4 ein nach oben und hinten gekrümmter Gelenkbolzen 5 von angenäherter Kommaform ausgebildet, das sich in der zusammengesetzten Sägekette an die innere Höhlung des Hakens 2 des vorangehenden Kernteils K anschmiegt, wie dies in Fig. 1 für die Kettenglieder A und B gezeigt ist.From the rear edge of the core part K a hook 2 starts, which its free end is bent downwards and forwards, this free End lies below the longitudinal central axis of the respective core part K. At the front edge of the core part K is a corresponding to this hook 2 Lower recess 4 is provided, which in the assembled saw chain Hook 2 of the preceding core part K picks up. Each points Recess 4 each have a notch 15 at its inner end, which on the assigned hook 2 has a projection 16 formed on its rear edge Location and shape corresponds. In addition, in the lower region of the recess 4 an up and back curved hinge pin 5 of approximate comma shape trained, which in the assembled saw chain to the inner Cavity of the hook 2 of the preceding core part K hugs as shown in Fig. 1 for the chain links A and B is shown.

Die gekrümmten Flächen der zusammenwirkenden Teilstücke aller Kernteile K folgen bevorzugt Kreisbögen, wobei die Radien und die Mittelpunkte dieser Kreisbögen für korrespondierende Flächen so voneinander abweichen bzw. gegeneinander versetzt sind, daß alle Relativbewegungen noch vor gegenseitiger Berührung beendet sind und sich berührende Flächen reibungsfrei aufeinander abrollen. Dabei ergeben sich zwischen den einander zugeordneten Flächen sich allmählich schließende Spalte, so daß im Sägebetrieb anfallender Feinschmutz jeweils an die Enden der Berührungsflächen geschoben und entfernt wird.The curved surfaces of the interacting sections of all core parts K preferably follow arcs, with the radii and the center points of these arcs deviate from each other for corresponding surfaces or are offset from each other, that all relative movements before mutual Touch are finished and touching surfaces smoothly roll on each other. This results in between those assigned to each other Surface gradually closing gaps, so that more accruing in the sawing operation Fine dirt is pushed to the ends of the contact surfaces and Will get removed.

Im Sägebetrieb, der sich mit gleicher Effektivität im Vorwärtslauf mit einer Bewegung der Kettenglieder A und B in Fig. 1 nach rechts wie im Rückwärtslauf mit einer Bewegung der Kettenglieder A und B in Fig. 1 nach links vollziehen kann, wirkt der Arbeitsdruck in Fig. 1 senkrecht von oben auf den als anfänglicher Drehpunkt wirkenden Gelenkbolzen 5. Dabei drückt der Haken 2 mit dem Bereich seines Vorsprungs 16 auf die an die Kerbe 15 anschließende Begrenzungsfläche der Ausnehmung 4. Ein Weiterdrehen des Hakens 2 um den anfänglichen Drehpunkt ist dann nicht mehr möglich, und zum neuen Drehpunkt werden die Berührungsflächen zwischen dem Haken 2 und der Ausnehmung 4. Dadurch hebt die Innenfläche des Hakens 2 kräftemäßig vom Gelenkbolzen 5 ab, bis das Horn 13 am Sattel 14 zur Anlage kommt und damit dort eine Druckweitergabe an den Berührungsflächen erfolgt. Von dem so weitergegebenen Druck subtrahiert sich der Arbeitszug der Sägekette in der jeweiligen Fahrtrichtung. Die Zugkraft der Sägekette wird dabei von den Berührungsflächen zwischen dem Ansatz 1 im Bereich der Nase 11 einerseits und der Begrenzung der Ausnehmung 3 im Bereich der Anschrägung 12 übertragen. Dabei entsteht an allen Berührungsflächen unabhängig von der Reihenfolge der Kettenglieder A und B im Zuge der Sägekette, also unabhängig von der Fahrtrichtung der Sägekette entlang des Doppelpfeils L nach links oder nach rechts, nur Druckbelastungen. Elastischen Deformationen wie einem Aufbiegen des Hakens 2, des Ansatzes 1 oder des Horns 13 beugen die jeweiligen Gegenflächen vor, wobei alle Kräfte als Druck abgefangen werden.In sawing mode, which works with the same effectiveness in forward running with a movement of the chain links A and B in Fig. 1 to the right as in Reverse run with a movement of the chain links A and B in Fig. 1 after can perform on the left, the working pressure in Fig. 1 acts vertically from above on the hinge pin 5, which acts as the initial pivot point the hook 2 with the area of its projection 16 onto the one adjoining the notch 15 Boundary surface of the recess 4. A further turning of the hook 2 around the initial pivot point is then no longer possible, and to the new one The contact surfaces between the hook 2 and the recess become the fulcrum 4. This will force the inner surface of the hook 2 from the hinge pin 5 until the horn 13 comes to rest on the saddle 14 and there pressure is passed on to the contact surfaces. Of the so passed on The work chain of the saw chain in the respective subtracts pressure Direction of travel. The tensile force of the saw chain is determined by the contact surfaces between the approach 1 in the area of the nose 11 on the one hand and the boundary of the recess 3 in the area of the bevel 12. there occurs on all contact surfaces regardless of the order of the chain links A and B in the course of the saw chain, i.e. regardless of the direction of travel the saw chain along the double arrow L to the left or to the right, only pressure loads. Elastic deformations such as bending the Hook 2, the neck 1 or the horn 13 bend the respective counter surfaces before, all forces are intercepted as pressure.

Durch das Zusammenwirken der verschiedenen Berührungsflächen entsteht aus den Kettengliedern A und B eine quer zu ihrer Laufebene biegesteife Einheit; innerhalb der Laufebene jedoch sind Knickbewegungen der Kettenglieder A und B relativ zueinander möglich. Durch ein Weiterknicken des Kettenglieds eine bestimmte Stellung hinaus wird dabei ein Abhängen des Kettengliedes A von dem Kettenglied B und damit ein Herauslösen eines oder mehrerer Kettenglieder aus dem Kettenverband ohne den Einsatz von irgendwelchem Werkzeug möglich.The interaction of the different contact surfaces creates from chain links A and B a rigid unit transverse to its running plane; within the running plane, however, there are kinking movements of the chain links A and B possible relative to each other. By kinking the chain link further a certain position is a hanging of the chain link A from the chain link B and thus detaching one or more chain links from the chain assembly without the use of any tools possible.

Einem seitlichen Verschieben der Kettenglieder A und B gegeneinander quer zu ihrer Laufebene wirkt die insbesondere aus Fig. 1 und 2 ersichtliche Einschachtelung jedes Kernteils K zwischen die beiden Seitenteile S und S' entgegen. Die Seitenteile S und S', die untereinander identisch ausgebildet sind, weisen eine von den davon eingeschlossenen Kernteilen K abweichende Form auf; sie sind jedoch ebenso wie die Kernteile K zu einem geschlossenen, quer zur Laufebene biegesteifen, aber innerhalb der Laufebene in sich knickbaren Verband ineinander einhängbar. Dazu weist jedes der Seitenteile S und S' an seinem vorderen Rand eine nach unten gerichtete Verriegelungsnase 7 auf, die in ihrer Form mit einer am hinteren Rand vorgesehenen Ausnehmung 8 korrespondiert, so daß die Verriegelungsnasen 7 der Seitenteile S und S' des nachfolgenden Kettenglieds B in die Ausnehmungen 8 in den Seitenteilen S und S' des vorangehenden Kettenglieds A einhängbar sind. Außerdem weist jedes der Seitenteile S und S' eine nach unten überstehende Führungsflosse 6 auf, die als Führungselement für die Führung der Sägekette auf ihren Umlenkrädern dient.A lateral displacement of the chain links A and B against each other transversely to its running plane, the one seen in particular in FIGS. 1 and 2 acts Nesting of each core part K between the two side parts S and S ' opposite. The side parts S and S ', which are identical to each other are different from the core parts K enclosed by them Shape on; however, like the core parts K, they are closed, rigid at right angles to the running level, but foldable within the running level Bandage can be hooked into each other. For this purpose, each of the side parts S and S 'has a locking nose 7 directed downwards at its front edge on, in their shape with a recess provided at the rear edge 8 corresponds so that the locking lugs 7 of the side parts S and S 'of subsequent chain link B into the recesses 8 in the side parts S and S 'of the preceding chain link A can be suspended. Each also points the side parts S and S 'have a downwardly projecting guide fin 6, the as a guide for guiding the saw chain on their idler wheels serves.

Als Schneidelemente sind an den Kettengliedern A und B außer den oben bereits erwähnten Räumzähnen 10 damit im Zuge der Sägekette periodisch alternierend angeordnete Schneidzähne 9 vorgesehen. Die Sägearbeit wird also auf zwei verschiedene Zahnarten aufgeteilt, die nacheinander wirksam werden. Dabei sind in Fig. 1 an jedem der Kettenglieder A und B zwei Schneidzähne 9 und ein Räumzahn 10 vorhanden; es ist aber auch möglich, entsprechend der Darstellung in Fig. 3 jedes Kettenglied mit nur einer Zahnart, also nur mit Schneidzähnen oder nur mit Räumzähnen auszustatten, und ebenso können mehr als nur zwei Zahnarten vorgesehen werden, wobei gewünschtenfalls einzelne Kettenglieder auch ganz ohne Schneidelement gelassen werden können.As cutting elements are on the chain links A and B except those above already mentioned clearing teeth 10 periodically alternating in the course of the saw chain arranged cutting teeth 9 are provided. The sawing work is so divided into two different tooth types, which take effect one after the other. 1 there are two cutting teeth 9 on each of the chain links A and B. and a rake tooth 10 present; but it is also possible, according to the Representation in Fig. 3 each chain link with only one type of tooth, that is, only with Cutting teeth or only with broaching teeth, and also more can be provided as only two types of teeth, individual if desired Chain links can also be left without a cutting element.

Die Form der Schneidzähne 9 und der Räumzähne 10 und ihre Anordnung an den Kettengliedern ist am deutlichsten aus der Darstellung in Fig. 4 ersichtlich. Insbesondere ist dort erkennbar, daß die Schneidzähne 9 an den Seitenteilen S und S' sitzen, während sich die Räumzähne quer über die Seitenteile S und S' und das Kernteil K erstrecken.The shape of the cutting teeth 9 and the clearing teeth 10 and their arrangement on the chain links is most evident from the illustration in FIG. 4 seen. In particular, it can be seen there that the cutting teeth 9 on the Side parts S and S 'sit while the teeth are across Side parts S and S 'and the core part K extend.

Die Schneidkanten der Schneidzähne 9, die sich insgesamt nach oben bzw. außen zu keilförmig verjüngen, verlaufen parallel zur Laufebene der Sägekette, und sie sind stetig und entlang der Kettenlaufrichtung L symmetrisch ausgebildet und sichelförmig nach oben bzw. außen gewölbt. Auf diese Weise schneiden die Schneidzähne 9 mit einer vorgegebenen Tiefe in das Schneidgut ein und sorgen somit für eine glatte und stufenfreie Sägefläche daran. Die Mitte des Sichelbogens bildet den höchsten Punkt der Kontur und fährt unter 90° gegen die Laufrichtung der Säge durch das Schneidgut. Dessen Elastizität führt dazu, daß das Schneidgut auch nach dem Erreichen der maximalen Einschnittiefe noch gegen die Schneidkante drückt. Die stetige und symmetrische Form der Schneidkante hat zur Folge, daß es nicht zu einem abrupten Ein- oder Austritt aus dem Schneidgut kommen kann und jedes Stück der Schneidkante in seiner Nachbarschaft Abstützung findet, was im Ergebnis zu glatten Schnittflächen am Schneidgut und hoher Standfestigkeit der Säge führt.The cutting edges of the cutting teeth 9, the total upwards or taper to the outside, run parallel to the plane of the Saw chain, and they are continuous and symmetrical along the chain running direction L. trained and crescent-shaped curved upwards or outwards. To this Way cut the cutting teeth 9 with a predetermined depth in the Material to be cut and thus ensure a smooth and step-free sawing surface it. The center of the crescent arch forms the highest point of the contour and travels at 90 ° against the direction of the saw through the material to be cut. Whose Elasticity causes the material to be cut even after reaching the maximum Cutting depth still presses against the cutting edge. The steady and The symmetrical shape of the cutting edge means that it does not become one abrupt entry or exit from the material to be cut and each piece the cutting edge finds support in its neighborhood, which results for smooth cut surfaces on the material to be cut and high stability of the saw leads.

Die Räumzähne 10 besitzen bei dem gezeigten Beispiel zwei zueinander parallele Schneidkanten, die unter 90° gegen die Kettenlaufrichtung L verlaufen. Sie wirken analog zu Hobelmessern. Anstelle der gezeigten Ausbildung der Schneidkanten ist aber auch eine symmetrische Pfeil- oder eine Kerbenform für die Schneidkanten möglich, und ebenso kann auch ein zur Kettenlaufrichtung L schräger Schneidkantenverlauf vorgesehen werden.The clearing teeth 10 have two to each other in the example shown parallel cutting edges that run at 90 ° against the chain running direction L. They work analogously to planer knives. Instead of the training shown the cutting edge is also a symmetrical arrow or notch shape possible for the cutting edges, and also one for the chain running direction L oblique cutting edge course can be provided.

Sowohl die Schneidzähne 9 als auch die Räumzähne 10 können auswechselbar mit den Kettengliedern A und B verbunden sein.Both the cutting teeth 9 and the clearing teeth 10 can be exchanged be connected to chain links A and B.

Grundsätzlich läßt sich die Erfindung beschreiben als eine Säge mit einer Vielzahl von Zähnen, die auf einem gemeinsamen Träger mit gegenseitigem Abstand entlang dessen Laufrichtung aufeinanderfolgen und teilweise unterschiedlich gestaltete Arbeitskanten aufweisen.Basically, the invention can be described as a saw with a variety of teeth on a common carrier with mutual Follow the distance along its direction and partially have differently designed working edges.

Gemäß der Erfindung sind zur Erzielung glatter Trennflächen am Sägegut und zur Verringerung der für den Sägebetrieb aufzuwendenden Antriebskraft wenigstens zwei Arten von Zähnen vorgesehen, die sich von Art zu Art in Form und/oder Stellung ihrer Schneidkanten voneinander unterscheiden. wobei bevorzugt die Zähne einer Art als Schneidzähne und die Zähne einer anderen Art als Räumzähne ausgebildet sind, die längs des Trägers periodisch alternierend aufeinanderfolgen.According to the invention, to achieve smooth separating surfaces on the sawing material and to reduce the driving force to be used for the sawing operation at least two types of teeth are provided, which vary from type to type differ from each other in the shape and / or position of their cutting edges. preferably the teeth of one type as cutting teeth and the teeth of one other type are designed as teeth that periodically along the carrier alternate successively.

Als Träger für die Schneidelemente kommen im übrigen außer der bei dem oben näher beschriebenen Beispiel vorgesehenen Kette aus gegeneinander verschwenkbaren Einzelgliedern auch anders gestaltete flexible Elemente wie Bänder oder Schnüre, aber auch steifere Körper wie mehr oder weniger feste Sägeblätter oder Kreissägescheiben in Betracht.As a carrier for the cutting elements come in addition to the the example provided chain described from each other pivotable individual links also differently designed flexible elements such as Bands or cords, but also stiffer bodies like more or less firm ones Saw blades or circular saw discs.

Claims (8)

  1. Saw, in particular chain saw, comprising a plurality of chain links coupled with each other pivotably relative to each other in a common running plane, wherein on a common support along the running direction thereof cutting teeth on the one hand and raking teeth on the other hand follow each other being mutually spaced, which teeth differ from each other as to the form of their cutting edges, the cutting edges of the cutting teeth extending parallel to the running plane of the support and the cutting edges of the raking teeth extending at an angle thereto,
    characterised in that two cutting teeth (9) each are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the central plane of the support having their cutting edges disposed parallel to each other and curved symmetrically outwards.
  2. Saw according to claim 1, characterised in that the cutting edges of the cutting teeth (9) are formed as a sickle.
  3. Saw according to claim 2, characterised in that the center of the sickle curve of the cutting edges in each case forms the point thereof situated outermost.
  4. Saw according to one of the claiml 1 to 3, characterised in that cutting teeth (9) and raking teeth (10) follow each other along the course of the support periodically alternating.
  5. Saw according to one of the claims 1 to claim 4, characterised in that the cutting teeth (9) and the the raking teeth (10) are replaceably connected with the support.
  6. Saw according to one of the claims 1 or 5, characterised in that the cutting edges of the raking teeth (10) extend at an angle of 90° against the running plane of the support.
  7. Saw according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the raking teeth (10) each comprise two cutting edges extending parallel to each other and following each other at a distance apart along the running direction of the support.
  8. Saw according to one of the claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the cutting edges of the raking teeth (10) extend bent in the form of an arrow or notch.
EP97101210A 1992-11-09 1993-11-09 Sawing tool, in particular saw chain Expired - Lifetime EP0773084B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4237781A DE4237781C2 (en) 1992-11-09 1992-11-09 Saw chain for chainsaws
DE4237781 1992-11-09
EP93118157A EP0605770B1 (en) 1992-11-09 1993-11-09 Saw chain for chain saws

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93118157.2 Division 1993-11-09
EP93118157A Division EP0605770B1 (en) 1992-11-09 1993-11-09 Saw chain for chain saws

Publications (3)

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EP0773084A2 EP0773084A2 (en) 1997-05-14
EP0773084A3 EP0773084A3 (en) 1998-02-04
EP0773084B1 true EP0773084B1 (en) 2002-09-18

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EP93118157A Expired - Lifetime EP0605770B1 (en) 1992-11-09 1993-11-09 Saw chain for chain saws
EP97101210A Expired - Lifetime EP0773084B1 (en) 1992-11-09 1993-11-09 Sawing tool, in particular saw chain

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EP93118157A Expired - Lifetime EP0605770B1 (en) 1992-11-09 1993-11-09 Saw chain for chain saws

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US (1) US5988035A (en)
EP (2) EP0605770B1 (en)
AT (2) ATE224252T1 (en)
BR (1) BR9305717A (en)
CA (1) CA2127708A1 (en)
DE (3) DE4237781C2 (en)
DK (1) DK0773084T3 (en)
WO (1) WO1994011166A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59310303D1 (en) 2002-10-24
DE4237781A1 (en) 1994-05-11
US5988035A (en) 1999-11-23
BR9305717A (en) 1996-12-31
ATE156057T1 (en) 1997-08-15
DE4237781C2 (en) 1995-08-10
EP0605770A3 (en) 1994-08-24
EP0773084A2 (en) 1997-05-14
ATE224252T1 (en) 2002-10-15
WO1994011166A1 (en) 1994-05-26
EP0605770A2 (en) 1994-07-13
DE59307018D1 (en) 1997-09-04
DK0773084T3 (en) 2003-01-20
CA2127708A1 (en) 1994-05-26
EP0605770B1 (en) 1997-07-30
EP0773084A3 (en) 1998-02-04

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