EP0765180A1 - Verfahren zur dekontamination halogenierte kohlenwasserstoffe enthaltender stoffe - Google Patents
Verfahren zur dekontamination halogenierte kohlenwasserstoffe enthaltender stoffeInfo
- Publication number
- EP0765180A1 EP0765180A1 EP95921835A EP95921835A EP0765180A1 EP 0765180 A1 EP0765180 A1 EP 0765180A1 EP 95921835 A EP95921835 A EP 95921835A EP 95921835 A EP95921835 A EP 95921835A EP 0765180 A1 EP0765180 A1 EP 0765180A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- halogenated hydrocarbons
- decontamination
- pcb
- grinding
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
- A62D3/40—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by heating to effect chemical change, e.g. pyrolysis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
- A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
- A62D3/36—Detoxification by using acid or alkaline reagents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
- A62D2101/20—Organic substances
- A62D2101/22—Organic substances containing halogen
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
- A62D2101/20—Organic substances
- A62D2101/28—Organic substances containing oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium, i.e. chalcogen
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2203/00—Aspects of processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change in the substances
- A62D2203/04—Combined processes involving two or more non-distinct steps covered by groups A62D3/10 - A62D3/40
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the decontamination of halogenated hydrocarbons, in particular cyclic chlorinated hydrocarbons such as, in particular, substances containing polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorine pesticides, chlorodibenzodioxins or polychlorinated dibenzofurans.
- halogenated hydrocarbons in particular cyclic chlorinated hydrocarbons
- substances containing polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorine pesticides, chlorodibenzodioxins or polychlorinated dibenzofurans such as, in particular, substances containing polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorine pesticides, chlorodibenzodioxins or polychlorinated dibenzofurans.
- Halogenated hydrocarbons such as chlorinated hydrocarbons (CHCs) have a wide range of applications in industry and research. You will e.g. used as cooling and insulating liquids, lubricants or insecticides, and they are also used in particular as plasticizers in plastics and for electrical capacitors. Polychlorinated biphenyls were used, for example, on account of their flame-retardant properties in capacitors, transformers and rectifiers, and as flame retardants. Due to the suspicion of carcinogenicity, the use of CHC continues to decline; the use of polychlorinated biphenyls is now prohibited. Due to the years of use of these compounds, however, there are very large amounts of contaminated sites, which are currently can still be stored in landfills. Car shredder scrap containing polychlorinated biphenyls alone is deposited in landfills at 200,000 tons annually.
- Halogenated hydrocarbon-containing substances must be stored in hazardous waste landfills. Disposal is very difficult because incomplete combustion creates highly toxic polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans.
- the difficulties with the pyrolytic disposal of the halogenated hydrocarbons lie in the large amounts of energy which are necessary for the decomposition of the substances and the high costs associated therewith.
- the higher molecular weight halogenated hydrocarbons such as The polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) are very thermally stable, as can be seen from their use as flame retardants, so that high temperatures of over 800 ° C are required to ensure adequate degradation.
- the invention is based on the object of creating a process for the decontamination of halogenated hydrocarbons, in particular cyclic chlorinated hydrocarbons such as in particular polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorine pesticides, chlorodibenzodioxins or polychlorinated dibenzofurans, which is obtained through a significantly lower energy consumption and thus distinguishes a significantly reduced cost.
- halogenated hydrocarbons in particular cyclic chlorinated hydrocarbons such as in particular polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorine pesticides, chlorodibenzodioxins or polychlorinated dibenzofurans
- the method breaks down the halogenated hydrocarbons contained in the substance to be decontaminated in the presence of at least one crystalline solid such as, in particular, cement, quartz, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide and / or slate and / or in the case of property ⁇ unit of at least one amorphous substance such as glass by introducing mechanical energy into the material system. It can be assumed that the entry of mechanical energy the interfaces of the starting materials are activated in such a way that a reaction without additional heat is possible. With such a so-called tribochemical degradation, between 90% and 99% of the halogenated hydrocarbons contained in the starting materials are degraded.
- the entry of mechanical energy by grinding preferably very fine grinding, has proven to be a particularly advantageous embodiment.
- the substance to be disposed of is present in the presence of a crystalline solid such as in particular cement, quartz, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide and / or slate and / or in the presence of at least one amorphous substance such as glass, which is either contained in the substance to be disposed of or is added, "grind" with appropriate grinding media.
- a vibratory mill or a pearl mill has proven to be particularly suitable for this type of grinding.
- the process is not only suitable for solid halogenated hydrocarbons, since the process is not a grinding in the conventional sense, but rather an activation of the starting materials. Such grinding activation is also possible with liquids or gases.
- a temperature treatment can very advantageously follow the degradation process caused by mechanical energy. It is particularly advantageous that, as a result of the activation of the substances to be degraded, conventionally required high temperatures, such as the 800 ° C. required for the degradation of PCBs, are eliminated.
- erfindun 'gshunt already with temperatures between 100 ° C and 500 ° C, preferably below 10 ppm achieved at temperatures less than 350 ° C the reduction of halogenated hydrocarbons.
- the temperature treatment expediently comprises heating to the desired temperature and subsequent heat-saving storage. Solid starting materials can advantageously first be subjected to comminution before being made available for degradation.
- the mixture of substances is subjected to a temperature treatment of 300 ° C. for two hours in a closed container.
- the PCB content is 0.005 g PCB / kg dry matter.
- pre-broken slate (Devon / Horbacher slate) with a grain size of less than 5 mm are mixed with 1 g PCB (Chlophen A 30). This corresponds to a PCB content of 5 g PCB / kg dry matter.
- the fabrics are milled in a vibratory mill for 10 minutes.
- the PCB content after grinding is 0.038 g / kg dry matter.
- the mixture of substances is subjected to a temperature treatment of 300 ° C. for two hours in a closed container.
- the PCB content is 0.004 g PCB / kg dry matter.
- dwell time during the temperature treatment can also be increased.
- temperatures higher than specified is also possible, in which case but the usual risks, especially the formation of dioxins and evaporation, exist.
- the PCB content can be reduced to below 1 mg PCB / kg starting material by a longer dwell time during the temperature treatment.
- the method according to the invention has not only proven to be suitable for the disposal of PCBs in various ways, as described on the basis of the exemplary embodiments, but it is equally suitable for the decontamination of further halogenated hydrocarbons not listed here.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19944420400 DE4420400A1 (de) | 1994-06-08 | 1994-06-08 | Verfahren zur Dekontamination polychlorierte Biphenyle enthaltende Stoffe |
DE4420400 | 1994-06-08 | ||
PCT/EP1995/002160 WO1995033522A1 (de) | 1994-06-08 | 1995-06-03 | Verfahren zur dekontamination halogenierte kohlenwasserstoffe enthaltender stoffe |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0765180A1 true EP0765180A1 (de) | 1997-04-02 |
Family
ID=6520335
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95921835A Withdrawn EP0765180A1 (de) | 1994-06-08 | 1995-06-03 | Verfahren zur dekontamination halogenierte kohlenwasserstoffe enthaltender stoffe |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0765180A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH09510144A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2192197A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE4420400A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1995033522A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2799131A1 (fr) * | 1999-09-30 | 2001-04-06 | Jean Pierre Robert Ar Gregoire | Production d'engrais, amendement et combustible de de substitution par le traitement des dejections animales, dechets industriels et urbains |
AU6081601A (en) * | 2000-05-03 | 2001-11-12 | Environmental Decontamination Limited | Decontamination plant and procedures |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS53144872A (en) * | 1977-05-25 | 1978-12-16 | Takenaka Komuten Co | Solidification method* solidifying agent and additive aid for wastes |
DE3443722A1 (de) * | 1984-11-30 | 1986-06-12 | Foerster Guenther | Verfahren zur thermischen beseitigung von halogenverbindungen, insbesondere dioxine, phosgen und polychlorierte biphenyle bildende chlorverbindungen enthaltenden abfaellen sowie wirbelschicht-reaktor zu seiner durchfuehrung |
DE3447337C2 (de) * | 1984-12-24 | 1986-11-06 | Nukem Gmbh, 6450 Hanau | Verfahren zur chemisch-thermischen Zersetzung von höher halogenierten Kohlenwasserstoffen |
DE3600644A1 (de) * | 1986-01-11 | 1987-07-16 | Possehl & Co Mbh L | Verfahren zur vorbereitenden behandlung von kontaminierten und kontaminierenden stoffen |
DE3828633A1 (de) * | 1987-08-29 | 1989-03-09 | Asea Brown Boveri | Verfahren zum verwerten von halogenkohlenwasserstoffe enthaltendem ausgangsmaterial |
DE3918716C1 (de) * | 1989-06-08 | 1990-06-28 | Nukem Gmbh, 6450 Hanau, De | |
AT394956B (de) * | 1990-02-07 | 1992-08-10 | Strauch Gerhard | Verfahren zur umweltneutralen beseitigung von festen, fluessigen und / oder gasfoermigen schadstoffen, bei temperaturen von 400 - 1.800 grad. wobei die schadstoffe an eine keramische masse oder an aluminiumsilikatische teilchen gebunden werden |
-
1994
- 1994-06-08 DE DE19944420400 patent/DE4420400A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1995
- 1995-06-03 JP JP8500361A patent/JPH09510144A/ja active Pending
- 1995-06-03 CA CA 2192197 patent/CA2192197A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-06-03 EP EP95921835A patent/EP0765180A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1995-06-03 WO PCT/EP1995/002160 patent/WO1995033522A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9533522A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE4420400A1 (de) | 1995-12-14 |
WO1995033522A1 (de) | 1995-12-14 |
JPH09510144A (ja) | 1997-10-14 |
CA2192197A1 (en) | 1995-12-14 |
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Legal Events
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
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STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
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