EP0763310B1 - Loudspeaker, in particular in the form of a column - Google Patents

Loudspeaker, in particular in the form of a column Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0763310B1
EP0763310B1 EP95923208A EP95923208A EP0763310B1 EP 0763310 B1 EP0763310 B1 EP 0763310B1 EP 95923208 A EP95923208 A EP 95923208A EP 95923208 A EP95923208 A EP 95923208A EP 0763310 B1 EP0763310 B1 EP 0763310B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
loudspeaker
reflector unit
axis
central axis
sound
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EP95923208A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0763310A1 (en
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Albert Baur
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BAUR Albert
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Individual
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/34Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means
    • H04R1/345Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means for loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a loudspeaker, in particular in Columnar shape, with at least one electroacoustic transducer, especially in the execution as a three-way system, the one Reflector body is assigned to all-round sound radiation, wherein the reflector body has a cone shape with a circular cone base has and with its cone tip the electro-acoustic Converter, especially a tweeter or midrange, is arranged opposite.
  • Such speakers are for example from the DE-GM 87 00 649 and DE-GM 92 05 731 known.
  • To this point-shaped sound source of the tweeter cover such diffusion or reflection cones used so that the all-round sound radiation to the real Sound behavior is modeled. Because the Sound radiation all around and not only in Direction of the listener occurs, arise on the walls of the Listening room reflections that are delayed by direct sound add. Through this indirect sound wave distribution creates a largely natural auditory impression.
  • the invention is based on the object To create speakers, especially in columnar form, with the with all-round sound radiation a different sound wave distribution with a certain directional characteristic or more preferred Sound emission direction can be achieved.
  • the reflector body By designing the reflector body with respect to the loudspeaker center axis asymmetrical conical surface is achieved that the electroacoustic transducer the flatter Cone part sonicated more and because of that a larger reflection surface formed a preferred Direction of sound emission results.
  • the reflector body works similar to a wall of a horn or horn speaker, where due to the asymmetrical "horn cone" on the flatter and steeper Cone part of different horn lengths arise, creating a broad frequency spectrum reaches the listener directly and a determinable portion is used for reflection.
  • the sound wave distribution i.e. H. a deviation from the completely the same all-round sound radiation results according to the invention in simple way that the cone tip of Reflector body with respect to the loudspeaker center axis by one certain eccentricity is offset.
  • This eccentricity leaves depending on the desired non-uniformity of the all-round sound radiation choose any, but has one Eccentricity corresponding to approximately half the radius of the opposite transducer, especially the tweeter, proven to be useful.
  • the reflector body in its flatter cone part has an inclination of about 30 °, while the steeper cone part has an inclination of approx. 45 °.
  • the reflector body is in a preferred embodiment with respect to the loudspeaker center axis around a parallel one Swivel or swivel axis.
  • This allows the stronger ones appearing on the flatter surface of the cone Change sound radiation in the direction so that depending on The directional characteristic of the sound radiation compared to the uniform omnidirectional radiation can.
  • the preferred one Direction of sound emission exactly to a preferred listening position, especially in the middle of two stereo speakers, adjust, the two speakers, as usual with the Stereo playback, along with the listening position form an isosceles triangle.
  • the preferred listening position e.g. B. an armchair, is about the less flat cone parts provide all-round sound radiation with stepless, continuous transitions reached.
  • the sound volume or sonority of the speaker system to the respective listener wishes adjustable and controllable.
  • the adjustment of the asymmetrical, conical reflector body can be done manually, but also by means of a motor Remote control.
  • the drive motor is preferably inside the reflector body arranged so that there is a special space-saving solution.
  • the rotation of the reflection body its positioning, especially the cone tip with respect to the opposite one electroacoustic transducer, is changeable.
  • kinematic reversal Relative position between the two assigned to each other Parts, namely the transducer and the reflection body, thereby change that the transducer, especially the tweeter, twisted or is moved. So can the tweeter, for example be included in an eccentric bearing and with respect to the Reflector body are rotated, so that there is also a changed sound emission characteristics results.
  • Fig. 1 the upper area of a speaker 1 is in Side view shown in partial section.
  • the Loudspeaker 1 is designed in the form of a column, with a column 2 in the upper area an electroacoustic transducer 4, especially a tweeter.
  • This converter 4 especially in the version as a dome tweeter, sonicates a conical reflector body 5 on which the Sound waves are emitted all around, as by means of drawn arrows is indicated.
  • Pillar 2 and the top one Area 3 are by spacers (or a perforated plate) 2a interconnected so that the sound waves emerge all around can.
  • the reflector body 5 has an asymmetrical conical surface on, whereby a flatter cone part 5a and a steeper Cone part 5b are formed.
  • the cone tip 5c of the The reflector body 5 is opposite the loudspeaker central axis 6 offset by an eccentricity measure e. This Eccentricity of the cone tip 5c corresponds to approximately half Radius of the electroacoustic transducer 4.
  • the flatter one Tapered surface 5a is a central section through the Cone tip 5c through about 30 ° compared to here horizontal, circular cone base 5d inclined.
  • the steeper conical surface 5b is about 45 ° to Tapered base surface 5d.
  • the reflector body 5 is one Speaker center axis 6 parallel axis of rotation 7 rotatable.
  • This axis of rotation 7 can be identical to the loudspeaker central axis 6, as shown in Fig. 2 in plan view is.
  • the axis of rotation 7 can also be eccentric Loudspeaker central axis 6 be aligned, as is the case with the Reference numeral 7 'is indicated, this axis of rotation about half the eccentricity measure e of the cone tip 5c compared to the Speaker center axis 6 is aligned offset.
  • the rotation or pivoting of the reflector body 5 can manually by means of a in the plane of the cone base 5d arranged adjustment ring 9 (see also FIG. 2).
  • a another alternative is the arrangement of a servomotor 8, the preferred, as shown here in dashed lines in Fig. 1, inside the hollow, thin-walled inside Reflector body 5 is arranged.
  • a further reflector body 5 ' is provided be a midrange 4 'as another electroacoustic Converter is assigned.
  • this reflector body 5 apply Comments regarding the reflector body 5 in a corresponding manner Wise.
  • Pedestal area of column 2 is arranged a woofer preferably also the sound all around via a reflector body emits. Such a can also with respect to the woofer asymmetrical reflector body 5 can be provided if necessary.
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of the reflector body 5 shown, in particular with the asymmetrical design an eccentric cone tip 5c can be seen.
  • an adjusting ring 9 or an adjustment motor 8 may be the preferred one Direction of radiation changed from A to A '(see also FIG. 3) will.
  • the reflector body 5 with its cone base 5d is preferably arranged horizontally, So the axis of rotation 7 arranged here in the middle runs vertically. However, there are also inclined or a horizontal arrangement of the Rotation axis 7 possible.
  • this relative movement between the reflector body 5 and the electroacoustic transducer 4 also can be achieved in that the tweeter 4 in Fig. 1 um an upright axis of rotation formed by an eccentric disc 11 is pivoted.
  • the twist of the Reflector body 5 preferred, since this is a passive Part is without electrical connections. If only one slight rotation, for example 90 °, desired would also be the twisting movement of the electroacoustic Converter 4 about an eccentric axis of the eccentric disk 11 or a displacement movement away from the central axis 6 is conceivable, as indicated by arrow a.
  • the rotation of the reflector body 5 also results in the Possibility to turn the reflector body 5 by more than 360 ° and even, the reflector body 5 at low speeds to rotate to have special sound effects constantly changing, preferred directions of sound radiation A to achieve.
  • Fig. 3 the usual arrangement of two speakers 1 in an isosceles triangle to a listening position 10, e.g. shown an armchair in top view.
  • the one from the flat one Cone part 5a radiates preferred sound in direction A targets each time to the middle listening position 10.
  • the Adjustment movement takes place here by coupling the Adjusting motors 8 preferably synchronous, i.e. a reflector body 5 turns clockwise while the other around the same Angle amount is pivoted counterclockwise.
  • Beam or PA area also at the transition surfaces between the flat cone part 5a and steep cone part 5b in sound is emitted all around. This creates the desired "soft" sound impression.
  • loudspeakers 1 can be provided, for example in a square arrangement to achieve a Quadro effect, with the preferred listening position 10 in the The middle of the square lies and the respective flat cone part 5a each of the four (or more) speakers 1 toward the center is aligned.
  • the converter 4 shows a preferred embodiment, wherein as an arrangement of the converter 4 to the reflector 5 compared to the 1 an overhead arrangement is selected.
  • the converter 4 is fixed in the column 2 and can use this as a sound box, while the very light Reflector body 5 with its tip facing downwards is arranged.
  • the base area 5d thus points upwards and carries an adjustment pin 9 ', which is at the top of a cage-like, hemispherical cover 12 (partially shown cut) is stored.
  • This will Reflector body 5 "floating" held above the transducer 4 and can on the adjustment pin 9 'to set the preferred Beam direction A due to the flatter cone part 5a at the same time rotates the central axis 6 forming the axis of rotation 7 will.
  • cone shape also a slight of the exact geometric cone shape deviating design of the reflector should be understood, e.g. B. a concave surface line in the manner of a pagoda roof or barrel-shaped convex surface line at the top basically conical, asymmetrical basic shape of the reflector (Diffuser).

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Lautsprecher, insbesondere in Säulenform, mit mindestens einem elektroakustischen Wandler, insbesondere in der Ausführung als Dreiwegesystem, dem ein Reflektorkörper zur Rundum-Schallabstrahlung zugeordnet ist, wobei der Reflektorkörper eine Kegelform mit einer kreisrunden Kegelgrundfläche aufweist und mit seiner Kegelspitze dem elektroakustischen Wandler, insbesondere einen Hoch- oder Mitteltöner, gegenüberliegend angeordnet ist.The invention relates to a loudspeaker, in particular in Columnar shape, with at least one electroacoustic transducer, especially in the execution as a three-way system, the one Reflector body is assigned to all-round sound radiation, wherein the reflector body has a cone shape with a circular cone base has and with its cone tip the electro-acoustic Converter, especially a tweeter or midrange, is arranged opposite.

Derartige Lautsprecher sind beispielsweise aus dem DE-GM 87 00 649 und dem DE-GM 92 05 731 bekannt. Eine solche Bauweise mit einen kegelförmigen Reflektorkörper, insbesondere für einen Hochtöner eines Dreiwege-Lautsprechers, wird vor allem deswegen verwendet, weil mit zunehmender Frequenz eine Bündelung der Abstrahlcharakteristik eintritt, so daß herkömmliche elektroakustische Wandler im Hochtonbereich genau geortet werden können. Um diese punktförmige Schallquelle des Hochtöners zu überdecken, werden derartige Diffusions- oder Reflexionkegel verwendet, damit die Rundum-Schallabstrahlung dem reellen Schallverhalten nachempfunden wird. Dadurch, daß die Schallabstrahlung rundum und nicht nur ausschließlich in Richtung des Hörers erfolgt, entstehen an den Wänden des Hörraumes Reflexionen, die sich zeitverzögert dem Direktschall beimischen. Durch diese indirekte Schallwellenverteilung entsteht ein weitgehend natürlicher Höreindruck.Such speakers are for example from the DE-GM 87 00 649 and DE-GM 92 05 731 known. Such Construction with a conical reflector body, in particular for a tweeter of a three-way speaker, above all used because bundling with increasing frequency the radiation pattern occurs, so that conventional electro-acoustic transducers can be precisely located in the high frequency range can. To this point-shaped sound source of the tweeter cover such diffusion or reflection cones used so that the all-round sound radiation to the real Sound behavior is modeled. Because the Sound radiation all around and not only in Direction of the listener occurs, arise on the walls of the Listening room reflections that are delayed by direct sound add. Through this indirect sound wave distribution creates a largely natural auditory impression.

Durch die Rundum-Schallabstrahlung mit gleichmäßiger Schallwellenverteilung kann sich jedoch eine Verwischung des Stereo- oder Quadro-Effektes durch die Laufzeitunterschiede der reflektierten Schallwellen ergeben, so daß bei vielen Anwendungen, insbesondere bei der hochwertigen Musikwiedergabe, eine gewisse Richtcharakteristik wünschenswert wäre. So wird bei der erstgennanten Druckschrift und der EP-A-0 409 360 sowie der GB-A-2188811 ein nicht-rotationssymmetrischer Rotationskörper erwähnt, um das Schallband ungleichmäß abzustrahlen. Demzufolge liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Lautsprecher, insbesondere in Säulenform zu schaffen, mit dem bei Rundum-Schallabstrahlung eine unterschiedliche Schallwellen-Verteilung mit gewisser Richtcharakteristik oder bevorzugter Schallabstrahlrichtung erreicht werden kann.Due to the all-round sound radiation with even However, sound wave distribution can blur the Stereo or quadro effect due to the difference in runtime reflected sound waves result, so that with many Applications, especially in high quality music playback, a certain directional characteristic would be desirable. So at first mentioned publication and EP-A-0 409 360 and GB-A-2188811 non-rotationally symmetrical rotating body mentioned in order to emit the sound tape unevenly. Accordingly, the invention is based on the object To create speakers, especially in columnar form, with the with all-round sound radiation a different sound wave distribution with a certain directional characteristic or more preferred Sound emission direction can be achieved.

Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch einen Lautsprecher gemäß den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1.This problem is solved by a loudspeaker according to the Features of claim 1.

Durch die Ausbildung des Reflektorkörpers mit einer bezüglich der Lautsprecher-Mittelachse asymmetrischen Kegelmantelfläche wird erreicht, daß der elektroakustische Wandler das flachere Kegelteil stärker beschallt und sich aufgrund der damit gebildeten größeren Reflexionsfläche eine bevorzugte Schallabstrahlrichtung ergibt. Da jedoch gleichzeitig auch der steilere Kegelteil und die dazwischenliegenden stufenlosen Übergänge zwischen flacherem und steilerem Kegelteil beschallt werden, ergibt sich dennoch eine Rundum-Schallabstrahlung mit natürlichem Klangverhalten. Der Reflektorkörper wirkt dabei ähnlich einer Wand eines Horn- oder Trichterlautsprechers, wobei durch den asymmetrischen "Horn-Kegel" am flacheren und steileren Kegelteil unterschiedliche Hornlängen entstehen, wodurch ein breites Frequenzspektrum den Hörer direkt erreicht und ein bestimmbarer Anteil zur Reflexion genutzt wird.By designing the reflector body with respect to the loudspeaker center axis asymmetrical conical surface is achieved that the electroacoustic transducer the flatter Cone part sonicated more and because of that a larger reflection surface formed a preferred Direction of sound emission results. However, since at the same time steeper cone part and the stepless in between Transitions between the flatter and steeper cone parts are sonicated there is nevertheless an all-round sound radiation natural sound behavior. The reflector body works similar to a wall of a horn or horn speaker, where due to the asymmetrical "horn cone" on the flatter and steeper Cone part of different horn lengths arise, creating a broad frequency spectrum reaches the listener directly and a determinable portion is used for reflection.

Die Schallwellenverteilung, d. h. eine Abweichung von der vollständig gleichen Rundum-Schallabstrahlung ergibt sich erfindungsgemäß in einfacher Weise dadurch, daß die Kegelspitze des Reflektorkörpers gegenüber der Lautsprecher-Mittelachse um eine gewisse Exzentrizität versetzt ist. Diese Exzentrizität läßt sich je nach gewünschter Ungleichförmigkeit der Rundum-Schallabstrahlung beliebig wählen, jedoch hat sich eine Exzentrizität entsprechend etwa dem halben Radius des gegenüberliegenden Schallwandlers, insbesondere des Hochtöners, als zweckmäßig erwiesen. Hierbei weist der Reflektorkörper in seinem flacheren Kegelteil eine Neigung von etwa 30° auf, während der steilere Kegelteil eine Neigung von ca. 45° besitzt. In bevorzugter Ausführung ist hierbei der Reflektorkörper bezüglich der Lautsprecher-Mittelachse um eine parallele Drehachse verdreh- bzw. verschwenkbar. Hierdurch läßt sich die auf der flacheren Kegelmantelfläche auftretende stärkere Schallabstrahlung in der Richtung verändern, so daß je nach Hörerwunsch die Richtcharakteristik der Schallabstrahlung gegenüber der gleichmäßigen Rundabstrahlung verändert werden kann. Insbesondere läßt sich hierbei die bevorzugte Schallabstrahlrichtung exakt auf eine bevorzugte Hörposition, insbesondere in der Mitte von zwei Stereo-Lautsprechern, einstellen, wobei die beiden Lautsprecher, wie üblich bei der Stereo-Wiedergabe, zusammen mit der Hörposition ein gleichschenkeliges Dreieck bilden. Trotz dieser Ausrichtung auf die bevorzugte Hörposition, z. B. einen Sessel, wird über die weniger flach verlaufenden Kegelteile eine Rundum-Schallabstrahlung mit stufenlosen, kontinuierlichen Übergängen erreicht. Hierdurch wird das Klangvolumen oder die Klangfülle des Lautsprechersystems auf die jeweiligen Hörerwünsche einstell- und steuerbar.The sound wave distribution, i.e. H. a deviation from the completely the same all-round sound radiation results according to the invention in simple way that the cone tip of Reflector body with respect to the loudspeaker center axis by one certain eccentricity is offset. This eccentricity leaves depending on the desired non-uniformity of the all-round sound radiation choose any, but has one Eccentricity corresponding to approximately half the radius of the opposite transducer, especially the tweeter, proven to be useful. Here, the reflector body in its flatter cone part has an inclination of about 30 °, while the steeper cone part has an inclination of approx. 45 °. The reflector body is in a preferred embodiment with respect to the loudspeaker center axis around a parallel one Swivel or swivel axis. This allows the stronger ones appearing on the flatter surface of the cone Change sound radiation in the direction so that depending on The directional characteristic of the sound radiation compared to the uniform omnidirectional radiation can. In particular, the preferred one Direction of sound emission exactly to a preferred listening position, especially in the middle of two stereo speakers, adjust, the two speakers, as usual with the Stereo playback, along with the listening position form an isosceles triangle. Despite this alignment the preferred listening position, e.g. B. an armchair, is about the less flat cone parts provide all-round sound radiation with stepless, continuous transitions reached. As a result, the sound volume or sonority of the speaker system to the respective listener wishes adjustable and controllable.

Die Verstellung des asymmetrischen, kegeligen Reflektorkörpers kann manuell erfolgen, jedoch auch motorisch mittels einer Fernbedienung. Der Antriebsmotor ist hierbei bevorzugt innerhalb des Reflektorkörpers angeordnet, so daß sich eine besonders platzsparende Lösung ergibt. Es sei darauf hingewiesen, daß durch die Drehung des Reflexionskörpers seine Positionierung, insbesondere der Kegelspitze bezüglich des gegenüberliegenden elektroakustischen Wandlers, veränderbar ist. Im Rahmen einer kinematischen Umkehrung ist es jedoch auch möglich, die Relativposition zwischen den beiden einander zugeordneten Teilen, nämlich dem Wandler und dem Reflexionskörper, dadurch zu verändern, daß der Wandler, insbesondere der Hochtöner, verdreht oder verschoben wird. So kann auch der Hochtöner beispielsweise in einer Exzenterlagerung aufgenommen sein und bezüglich des Reflektorkörpers verdreht werden, so daß sich ebenfalls eine veränderte Schallabstrahlcharakteristik ergibt. The adjustment of the asymmetrical, conical reflector body can be done manually, but also by means of a motor Remote control. The drive motor is preferably inside the reflector body arranged so that there is a special space-saving solution. It should be noted that by the rotation of the reflection body its positioning, especially the cone tip with respect to the opposite one electroacoustic transducer, is changeable. As part of a However, it is also possible to use kinematic reversal Relative position between the two assigned to each other Parts, namely the transducer and the reflection body, thereby change that the transducer, especially the tweeter, twisted or is moved. So can the tweeter, for example be included in an eccentric bearing and with respect to the Reflector body are rotated, so that there is also a changed sound emission characteristics results.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche. Nachstehend werden zwei Ausführungsbeispiele anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert und beschrieben. Hierbei zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Seitenansicht mit teilweiser Schnittdarstellung eines Lautsprechers in Säulenform mit einem asymmetrischen Reflektorkörper;
Fig. 2
eine Draufsicht auf den asymmetrischen Reflektorkörper mit einer Verstelleinrichtung;
Fig. 3
eine Draufsicht auf zwei voneinander beabstandet angeordnete Lautsprecher zur Verdeutlichung der Schallabstrahlung; und
Fig. 4
eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines Lautsprechers.
Further advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims. Two exemplary embodiments are explained and described in more detail below with reference to the drawings. Here show:
Fig. 1
a side view with partial sectional view of a speaker in column shape with an asymmetrical reflector body;
Fig. 2
a plan view of the asymmetrical reflector body with an adjusting device;
Fig. 3
a plan view of two spaced speakers to illustrate the sound radiation; and
Fig. 4
a preferred embodiment of a speaker.

In Fig. 1 ist der obere Bereich eines Lautsprechers 1 in Seitenansicht in teilweiser Schnittdarstellung gezeigt. Der Lautsprecher 1 ist in Säulenform ausgebildet, wobei eine Säule 2 im oberen Bereich einen elektroakustischen Wandler 4, insbesondere einen Hochtöner, aufnimmt. Dieser Wandler 4, insbesondere in der Ausführung als Kalotten-Hochtonlautsprecher, beschallt einen kegelförmigen Reflektorkörper 5, an dem die Schallwellen rundum abgestrahlt werden, wie dies mittels eingezeichneter Pfeile angedeutet ist. Die Säule 2 und der obere Bereich 3 sind durch Distanzbolzen (oder ein Lochblech) 2a miteinander verbunden, so daß die Schallwellen rundum austreten können.In Fig. 1 the upper area of a speaker 1 is in Side view shown in partial section. Of the Loudspeaker 1 is designed in the form of a column, with a column 2 in the upper area an electroacoustic transducer 4, especially a tweeter. This converter 4, especially in the version as a dome tweeter, sonicates a conical reflector body 5 on which the Sound waves are emitted all around, as by means of drawn arrows is indicated. Pillar 2 and the top one Area 3 are by spacers (or a perforated plate) 2a interconnected so that the sound waves emerge all around can.

Der Reflektorkörper 5 weist eine asymmetrische Kegelmantelfläche auf, wodurch ein flacherer Kegelteil 5a und ein steilerer Kegelteil 5b gebildet werden. Die Kegelspitze 5c des Reflektorkörpers 5 ist hierbei gegenüber der Lautsprecher-Mittelachse 6 um ein Exzentrizitätsmaß e versetzt. Diese Exzentrizität der Kegelspitze 5c entspricht etwa dem halben Radius des elektroakustischen Wandlers 4. Die flachere Kegelmantelfläche 5a ist einer zentralen Schnittebene durch die Kegelspitze 5c hindurch um etwa 30° gegenüber der hier horizontal verlaufenden, kreisrunden Kegelgrundfläche 5d geneigt. Die steilere Kegelmantelfläche 5b ist um etwa 45° zur Kegelgrundfläche 5d geneigt. Wie ersichtlich, ergibt sich hierdurch an dem flacheren Kegelbereich 5a eine größere Reflexionsfläche und damit eine stärkere Schallabstrahlung in diesem Bereich, während in dem steileren Kegelbereich 5b eine geringere Schallintensität erzielt wird. Dies ist auch in der Draufsicht gemäß der Fig. 3 mittels unterschiedlich langer Pfeile dargestellt.The reflector body 5 has an asymmetrical conical surface on, whereby a flatter cone part 5a and a steeper Cone part 5b are formed. The cone tip 5c of the The reflector body 5 is opposite the loudspeaker central axis 6 offset by an eccentricity measure e. This Eccentricity of the cone tip 5c corresponds to approximately half Radius of the electroacoustic transducer 4. The flatter one Tapered surface 5a is a central section through the Cone tip 5c through about 30 ° compared to here horizontal, circular cone base 5d inclined. The steeper conical surface 5b is about 45 ° to Tapered base surface 5d. As can be seen, it follows thereby a larger one at the flatter cone area 5a Reflective surface and thus a stronger sound radiation in this area, while in the steeper cone area 5b a lower sound intensity is achieved. This is also in the Top view according to FIG. 3 by means of different lengths Arrows shown.

In bevorzugter Ausführung ist der Reflektorkörper 5 um eine zur Lautsprecher-Mittelachse 6 parallele Drehachse 7 verdrehbar. Diese Drehachse 7 kann identisch sein mit der Lautsprecher-Mittelachse 6, wie dies in Fig. 2 in der Draufsicht dargestellt ist. Die Drehachse 7 kann jedoch auch exzentrisch zur Lautsprecher-Mittelachse 6 ausgerichtet sein, wie dies mit dem Bezugszeichen 7' angedeutet ist, wobei diese Drehachse um etwa das halbe Exzentrizitätsmaß e der Kegelspitze 5c gegenüber der Lautsprecher-Mittelachse 6 versetzt ausgerichtet ist. Durch diese Anordnung entsprechend der Drehachse 7' wird erreicht, daß die Kegelspitze 5c nach einer Verdreh- oder Verschwenkbewegung um 180° sich auf der Lautsprecher-Mittelachse 6 befindet, wodurch eine Umverteilung zwischen den Reflexionsflächen 5a und 5b zusätzlich zu der Umlenkung der bevorzugten Abstrahlrichtung A in der hier gezeigten Radialebene um 180° erreicht wird.In a preferred embodiment, the reflector body 5 is one Speaker center axis 6 parallel axis of rotation 7 rotatable. This axis of rotation 7 can be identical to the loudspeaker central axis 6, as shown in Fig. 2 in plan view is. However, the axis of rotation 7 can also be eccentric Loudspeaker central axis 6 be aligned, as is the case with the Reference numeral 7 'is indicated, this axis of rotation about half the eccentricity measure e of the cone tip 5c compared to the Speaker center axis 6 is aligned offset. By this arrangement according to the axis of rotation 7 'is achieved in that the cone tip 5c after a twisting or pivoting movement is at 180 ° on the loudspeaker central axis 6, whereby a redistribution between the reflection surfaces 5a and 5b in addition to the redirection of the preferred Beam direction A in the radial plane shown here by 180 ° is achieved.

Bei der Anordung der Drehachse 7 auf der Lautsprecher-Mittelachse 6 wird dahingegen eine Orbitalbewegung der Kegelspitze 5c um die Lautsprecher-Mittelachse 6 herum in die Position 5c' erreicht, wie dies in der Draufsicht in Fig. 2 gezeigt ist. Hierdurch bleibt die Schallverteilung zwischen dem flachen Kegelteil 5a und dem steileren Kegelteil 5b beim Verschwenken in die entsprechenden Positionen 5a' bzw. 5b' gleich, so daß in diesem Falle nur die bevorzugte Abstrahlrichtung von A nach A' variiert wird. When the axis of rotation 7 is arranged on the loudspeaker central axis 6, on the other hand, is an orbital movement of the Cone tip 5c around the loudspeaker central axis 6 into the Position 5c 'reached, as seen in the top view in FIG. 2 is shown. This keeps the sound distribution between the flat cone part 5a and the steeper cone part 5b at Swiveling into the corresponding positions 5a 'or 5b' same, so that in this case only the preferred one Direction of radiation is varied from A to A '.

Die Verdrehung oder Verschwenkung des Reflektorkörpers 5 kann dabei manuell mittels eines in der Ebene der Kegelgrundfläche 5d angeordneten Verstellringes 9 (vgl. auch Fig. 2) erfolgen. Eine andere Alternative ist die Anordnung eines Verstellmotors 8, der bevorzugt, wie hier in Strichlinien in Fig.1 dargestellt, innerhalb des im Inneren hohl ausgebildeten, dünnwandigen Reflektorkörpers 5 angeordnet ist. Zweckmäßigerweise ist der Verstellmotor 8 als Schrittmotor ausgebildet, so daß bestimmte, von verschiedenen Hörern bevorzugte Winkeleinstellungen der bevorzugten Abstrahlrichtung A (vgl. Fig. 3) mittels Eingabe durch eine Fernbedienung oder ähnliche Steuergeräte einprogrammiert und eingestellt werden können.The rotation or pivoting of the reflector body 5 can manually by means of a in the plane of the cone base 5d arranged adjustment ring 9 (see also FIG. 2). A another alternative is the arrangement of a servomotor 8, the preferred, as shown here in dashed lines in Fig. 1, inside the hollow, thin-walled inside Reflector body 5 is arranged. The is expediently Adjustment motor 8 designed as a stepper motor, so that certain preferred angle settings of the various listeners preferred direction of radiation A (see FIG. 3) by input by a remote control or similar control devices can be programmed and set.

Bei der bevorzugten Ausbildung als Dreiwege-Lautsprechersystem kann symmetrisch zu der hier horizontal verlaufenden Kegelgrundfläche 5d ein weiterer Reflektorkörper 5' vorgesehen sein, der einem Mitteltöner 4' als weiterer elektroakustischer Wandler zugeordnet ist. Für diesen Reflektorkörper 5' gelten die Ausführungen bezüglich des Reflektorkörpers 5 in entsprechender Weise. Es sei darauf hingewiesen, daß bei der Ausführung als Dreiwegebox im hier nicht dargestellten unteren Fuß- oder Sockelbereich der Säule 2 ein Tieftöner angeordnet ist, der bevorzugt ebenfalls über einen Reflektorkörper den Schall rundum abstrahlt. Auch bezüglich des Tieftöners kann ein derartiger asymmetrischer Reflektorkörper 5 bei Bedarf vorgesehen sein.In the preferred training as a three-way speaker system can be symmetrical to the horizontal one here Cone base 5d a further reflector body 5 'is provided be a midrange 4 'as another electroacoustic Converter is assigned. For this reflector body 5 'apply Comments regarding the reflector body 5 in a corresponding manner Wise. It should be noted that when running as Three-way box in the lower foot or not shown here Pedestal area of column 2 is arranged a woofer preferably also the sound all around via a reflector body emits. Such a can also with respect to the woofer asymmetrical reflector body 5 can be provided if necessary.

In Fig. 2 ist eine Draufsicht auf den Reflektorkörper 5 dargestellt, wobei insbesondere die asymmetrische Gestaltung mit einer exzentrischen Kegelspitze 5c ersichtlich ist. Durch Verstellen des Reflektorkörpers 5 mittels eines Verstellringes 9 oder eines Verstellmotors 8 (vgl. Fig. 1) kann die bevorzugte Abstrahlrichtung von A nach A' (vgl. auch Fig. 3) verändert werden. Es sei darauf hingewiesen, daß der Reflektorkörper 5 mit seiner Kegelgrundfläche 5d bevorzugt horizontal angeordnet ist, also die hier mittig angeordnete Drehachse 7 vertikal verläuft. Es sind jedoch auch geneigte oder eine horizontale Anordnung der Drehachse 7 möglich. Wie ersichtlich, ergibt sich durch das Verdrehen an dem Verstellring 9, der bevorzugt mit einer Gradeinteilung zusammenwirkt, eine Orbitalbewegung der Kegelspitze 5c um die Drehachse 7 bzw. die hier identische Lautsprecher-Mittelachse 6. Hierdurch verändert sich die Richtung der bevorzugten Schallabstrahlung A (vgl. Fig. 3) entsprechend.2 is a top view of the reflector body 5 shown, in particular with the asymmetrical design an eccentric cone tip 5c can be seen. By Adjusting the reflector body 5 by means of an adjusting ring 9 or an adjustment motor 8 (see FIG. 1) may be the preferred one Direction of radiation changed from A to A '(see also FIG. 3) will. It should be noted that the reflector body 5 with its cone base 5d is preferably arranged horizontally, So the axis of rotation 7 arranged here in the middle runs vertically. However, there are also inclined or a horizontal arrangement of the Rotation axis 7 possible. As can be seen, Twisting on the adjusting ring 9, preferably with a Graduation cooperates, an orbital movement of the Cone tip 5c about the axis of rotation 7 or the one identical here Loudspeaker center axis 6. This changes the Direction of preferred sound radiation A (see Fig. 3) corresponding.

Es sei darauf hingewiesen, daß diese Relativbewegung zwischen dem Reflektorkörper 5 und dem elektroakustischen Wandler 4 auch dadurch erreicht werden kann, daß der Hochtöner 4 in Fig. 1 um eine durch eine Exzenterscheibe 11 gebildete aufrechte Drehachse verschwenkt wird. Jedoch wird die Verdrehung des Reflektorkörpers 5 bevorzugt, da es sich hierbei um ein passives Teil ohne elektrische Anschlüsse handelt. Wenn jedoch nur eine geringfügige Drehbewegung, beispielsweise um 90°, gewünscht wird, wäre auch die Verdrehbewegung des elektroakustischen Wandlers 4 um eine exzentrische Achse der Exzenterscheibe 11 oder eine Verschiebebewegung von der Mittelachse 6 weg denkbar, wie dies mit dem Pfeil a angedeutet ist.It should be noted that this relative movement between the reflector body 5 and the electroacoustic transducer 4 also can be achieved in that the tweeter 4 in Fig. 1 um an upright axis of rotation formed by an eccentric disc 11 is pivoted. However, the twist of the Reflector body 5 preferred, since this is a passive Part is without electrical connections. If only one slight rotation, for example 90 °, desired would also be the twisting movement of the electroacoustic Converter 4 about an eccentric axis of the eccentric disk 11 or a displacement movement away from the central axis 6 is conceivable, as indicated by arrow a.

Bei der Verdrehung des Reflektorkörpers 5 ergibt sich auch die Möglichkeit, den Reflektorkörper 5 um mehr als 360° zu verdrehen und sogar, den Reflektorkörper 5 mit geringen Drehzahlen rotieren zu lassen, um hier besondere Schalleffekte mit sich ständig ändernden, bevorzugten Schallabstrahlungsrichtungen A zu erzielen.The rotation of the reflector body 5 also results in the Possibility to turn the reflector body 5 by more than 360 ° and even, the reflector body 5 at low speeds to rotate to have special sound effects constantly changing, preferred directions of sound radiation A to achieve.

In Fig. 3 ist die übliche Anordnung von zwei Lautsprechern 1 in einem gleichschenkeligen Dreieck zu einer Hörposition 10, z.B. einem Sessel in Draufsicht gezeigt. Der von dem flachen Kegelteil 5a abgestrahlte, bevorzugte Schall in Richtung A zielt hierbei jeweils auf die mittlere Hörposition 10. Durch Verdrehen des Reflektorkörpers 5 kann somit die bevorzugte Schallabstrahlungsrichtung A variiert werden. Die Verstellbewegung erfolgt hierbei durch Koppelung der Verstellmotoren 8 bevorzugt synchron, d.h. ein Reflektorkörper 5 dreht im Uhrzeigersinn, während der andere um den gleichen Winkelbetrag entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn verschwenkt wird.In Fig. 3, the usual arrangement of two speakers 1 in an isosceles triangle to a listening position 10, e.g. shown an armchair in top view. The one from the flat one Cone part 5a radiates preferred sound in direction A targets each time to the middle listening position 10. By twisting of the reflector body 5 can thus be the preferred one Sound radiation direction A can be varied. The Adjustment movement takes place here by coupling the Adjusting motors 8 preferably synchronous, i.e. a reflector body 5 turns clockwise while the other around the same Angle amount is pivoted counterclockwise.

Es sei darauf hingewiesen, daß es sich hierbei nicht um eine exakt begrenzte Abstrahlrichtung A handelt, sondern um einen Abstrahl- oder Beschallungsbereich. Weiterhin sei darauf hingewiesen, daß auch an den Übergangsflächen zwischen dem flachen Kegelteil 5a und dem steilen Kegelteil 5b in gleichmäßiger Weise eine Schallabstrahlung rundum erfolgt. Hierdurch wird der gewünschte "weiche" Klangeindruck erzielt. Weiterhin sei darauf hingewiesen, daß selbstverständlich auch mehr als zwei Lautsprecher 1 vorgesehen sein können, beispielsweise in einer Viereckanordnung zur Erzielung eines Quadro-Effektes, wobei die bevorzugte Hörposition 10 in der Mitte des Viereckes liegt und der jeweilige flache Kegelteil 5a jedes der vier (oder mehr) Lautsprecher 1 zur Mitte hin ausgerichtet ist.It should be noted that this is not a is exactly limited radiation direction A, but one Beam or PA area. Continue to be on it noted that also at the transition surfaces between the flat cone part 5a and steep cone part 5b in sound is emitted all around. This creates the desired "soft" sound impression. Furthermore, it should be noted that of course also more than two loudspeakers 1 can be provided, for example in a square arrangement to achieve a Quadro effect, with the preferred listening position 10 in the The middle of the square lies and the respective flat cone part 5a each of the four (or more) speakers 1 toward the center is aligned.

In Fig. 4 ist eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform dargestellt, wobei als Anordnung des Wandlers 4 zum Reflektor 5 gegenüber der Ausführung nach Fig. 1 eine Über-Kopf-Anordnung gewählt ist. Hierdurch ist der Wandler 4 in der Säule 2 befestigt und kann diese als Resonanzkörper nutzen, während der sehr leichte Reflektorkörper 5 mit seiner Spitze nach unten weisend darüber angeordnet ist. Die Grundfläche 5d weist hier somit nach oben und trägt einen Verstellstift 9', der an der Spitze einer käfigartigen, halbkugelförmigen Abdeckung 12 (teilweise geschnitten dargestellt) gelagert ist. Hierdurch wird der Reflektorkörper 5 "schwebend" über dem Wandler 4 gehalten und kann an dem Verstellstift 9' zur Einstellung der bevorzugten Abstrahlrichtung A aufgrund des flacheren Kegelteils 5a um die zugleich die Drehachse 7 bildende Zentralachse 6 verdreht werden.4 shows a preferred embodiment, wherein as an arrangement of the converter 4 to the reflector 5 compared to the 1 an overhead arrangement is selected. As a result, the converter 4 is fixed in the column 2 and can use this as a sound box, while the very light Reflector body 5 with its tip facing downwards is arranged. The base area 5d thus points upwards and carries an adjustment pin 9 ', which is at the top of a cage-like, hemispherical cover 12 (partially shown cut) is stored. This will Reflector body 5 "floating" held above the transducer 4 and can on the adjustment pin 9 'to set the preferred Beam direction A due to the flatter cone part 5a at the same time rotates the central axis 6 forming the axis of rotation 7 will.

Es sei darauf hingewiesen, daß unter dem Begriff "Kegelform" auch eine leicht von der exakten geometrischen Kegelform abweichende Gestaltung des Reflektors verstanden werden soll, z. B. eine in Art eines Pagodendaches konkave Mantellinie oder tonnenförmig nach oben gewölbte, konvexe Mantellinie bei grundsätzlich kegeliger, asymmetrischer Grundform des Reflektors (Diffusors).It should be noted that the term "cone shape" also a slight of the exact geometric cone shape deviating design of the reflector should be understood, e.g. B. a concave surface line in the manner of a pagoda roof or barrel-shaped convex surface line at the top basically conical, asymmetrical basic shape of the reflector (Diffuser).

Claims (9)

  1. Loudspeaker, in particular in the form of a column, comprising at least one electro-acoustic transducer (4), in particular when designed as a three-way system, having associated thereto a reflector unit (5) for an omnidirectional sound radiation, said reflector unit (5) having a conical form with a circular conical surface area (5d) and its apex (5c) opposing the electro-acoustic transducer (4),
    characterized in that
    the reflector unit (5) has an asymmetric conical covering with a smaller-angled portion (5a) and a steeper-angled portion (5b) in relation to the axis extending through said apex (5c) and in parallel to the loudspeaker's central axis (6), such that the apex (5c) of the reflector unit (5) is displaced by an eccentricity rate (e) with respect to the loudspeaker's central axis (6).
  2. Loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the eccentricity rate (e) broadly corresponds to half the radius of the electro-acoustic transducer (4).
  3. Loudspeaker according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that at the reflector unit (5) -in the cross-sectional plane of said apex (5c)- the generatrix of the smaller-angled conical covering (5a) is set at an angle of 30°, and the generatrix of the opposing steeper-angled conical covering (5b) is set at an angle of 45° with respect to the conical surface area (5d).
  4. Loudspeaker according to any of claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in that the loudspeaker (1) is formed in the shape of a column, wherein the reflector unit (5) is located in the top portion (3) of a column (2).
  5. Loudspeaker according to any of claims 1 to 4,
    characterized in that the reflector unit (5) is twistable in relation to the loudspeaker's central axis (6) about an axis of rotation (7) which is parallel to said loudspeaker's central axis (6), and in that it is provided with an adjusting ring (9) for twisting about said axis of rotation (7).
  6. Loudspeaker according to any of claims 1 to 4,
    characterized in that the reflector unit (5) is twistable in relation to the loudspeaker's central axis (6) about an axis of rotation (7) which is parallel to said loudspeaker's central axis (6), and in that it is provided with a servomotor (8) for twisting about said axis of rotation (7).
  7. Loudspeaker according to claim 6, characterized in that the servomotor (8) is located within said reflector unit (5).
  8. Loudspeaker according to any of claims 1 to 7,
    characterized in that the reflector unit (5) is supported with its apex (5c) directed to the bottom on a sound-permeable, cupola-shaped capping (12) above the transducer (4).
  9. Loudspeaker according to any of claims 1 to 8,
    characterized in that two reflector units (5, 5') are arranged symmetrically to the conical surface area (5d) thereof for a tweeter (4) and a mid-range speaker (4').
EP95923208A 1994-05-30 1995-05-29 Loudspeaker, in particular in the form of a column Expired - Lifetime EP0763310B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9408805U 1994-05-30
DE9408805U DE9408805U1 (en) 1994-05-30 1994-05-30 Loudspeakers, in particular in the form of columns
PCT/EP1995/002035 WO1995033356A1 (en) 1994-05-30 1995-05-29 Loudspeaker, in particular in the form of a column

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0763310A1 EP0763310A1 (en) 1997-03-19
EP0763310B1 true EP0763310B1 (en) 1998-08-05

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9408805U1 (en) * 1994-05-30 1994-09-01 Baur, Albert, 86845 Großaitingen Loudspeakers, in particular in the form of columns
CN1247045C (en) * 1997-10-10 2006-03-22 三星电子株式会社 Universal loadspeaker system
US20190052969A1 (en) * 2017-08-11 2019-02-14 Kang Gu Adjustable-Angle Asymmetric High Frequency Acoustic Device

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3842205A (en) * 1972-07-18 1974-10-15 Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg Tremolo effect producing acoustic filter system
DE3447857A1 (en) * 1984-12-31 1986-07-10 Bernhard 6800 Mannheim Mayer Rotating sound deflection system of miniature design
DE8700649U1 (en) * 1987-01-15 1987-05-27 Steffen, Eckhard, 8501 Schwarzenbruck Tweeter - omnidirectional
US5144670A (en) * 1987-12-09 1992-09-01 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Sound output system
JP2771003B2 (en) * 1990-01-23 1998-07-02 キヤノン株式会社 Audio mirror speaker
GB9020788D0 (en) * 1990-09-25 1990-11-07 Ellis Glynn A Tool and saw blade tipping apparatus
DE4219689C2 (en) * 1991-09-24 1995-12-21 Rainer Keplinger Speaker unit
GB2256773A (en) * 1991-06-12 1992-12-16 Canon Res Ct Europe Ltd Loudspeaker uinit
WO1992022290A1 (en) * 1991-06-18 1992-12-23 Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation Use of spin trapping for the treatment of diseases associated with oxidation of lipids and proteins
DE9205731U1 (en) * 1992-04-29 1992-08-20 Schoor, Bodo, 3404 Adelebsen Speaker arrangement
JP3358836B2 (en) * 1992-12-25 2002-12-24 株式会社東芝 Reflective speaker system
DE9408805U1 (en) * 1994-05-30 1994-09-01 Baur, Albert, 86845 Großaitingen Loudspeakers, in particular in the form of columns

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WO1995033356A1 (en) 1995-12-07
DE59503081D1 (en) 1998-09-10
EP0763310A1 (en) 1997-03-19
DE9408805U1 (en) 1994-09-01

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