EP0760198A1 - Device for heating a medium - Google Patents
Device for heating a mediumInfo
- Publication number
- EP0760198A1 EP0760198A1 EP96905661A EP96905661A EP0760198A1 EP 0760198 A1 EP0760198 A1 EP 0760198A1 EP 96905661 A EP96905661 A EP 96905661A EP 96905661 A EP96905661 A EP 96905661A EP 0760198 A1 EP0760198 A1 EP 0760198A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heating device
- medium
- permanent magnets
- magnetic field
- electrically conductive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/02—Induction heating
- H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
- H05B6/105—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor
- H05B6/109—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor using magnets rotating with respect to a susceptor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24V—COLLECTION, PRODUCTION OR USE OF HEAT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F24V99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other main groups of this subclass
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/02—Induction heating
- H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
- H05B6/105—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor
- H05B6/108—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor for heating a fluid
Definitions
- the invention relates to a heating device for heating a medium, with a plurality of permanent magnets arranged next to one another, which generate a magnetic field, in the area of which an electrically conductive material is arranged and a linear and / or rotary relative movement can be generated between the material and the permanent magnets , which heats the material.
- a rotor is arranged in a high vacuum-side interior of a housing, on which rotor disks are attached, which are also attached to the cooperate stator washers attached to the housing.
- the components provided with these surfaces are heated.
- the rotor is heated by eddy currents which result from the interaction of its own rotation with a magnetic field, the field lines of which run perpendicular to the rotor axis.
- the magnetic field is generated by means of a permanent or electromagnet attached outside the housing, the field lines of which run perpendicular to the rotor axis.
- a rotatable bell made of ferromagnetic material is arranged in the bottom of a boiler which is used to generate steam and which is made of a highly conductive material.
- permanent magnets are provided, which emit a radial magnetic field in alternating pole order.
- the container surrounding the bell has a ring which surrounds the permanent magnets at a short distance and which is likewise made of ferromagnetic material, for example soft iron.
- the present invention was based on the object of creating a heating device of the type described in the introduction, by means of which a better heat transfer and thus an increased degree of efficiency for heating a medium is achieved compared to the known solutions. Furthermore, this device should be suitable for various areas of application. According to the invention, the object is achieved in that a medium, in particular an electrically conductive liquid or a gas, is provided as the electrically conductive material, which is guided by the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets and is heated by the eddy currents generated therein.
- the permanent magnets are arranged on the circumference of a rotor, from which the magnetic field is radiated approximately radially and the medium is guided inside or outside this rotor, the relative movement being effected by rotating the rotor.
- the permanent magnets on the end face of a rotating disk are arranged such that they generate a magnetic field radiating in the direction of the disk axis of rotation and the medium is placed at a distance from at least one end face of the disk.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a heating device according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the heating device according to FIG.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross section through an alternative embodiment of a heating device according to the invention
- FIG. 4 shows a plan view of the rotating disk provided with permanent magnets according to FIG. 3
- 5 shows a variant of a partially shown line coil in plan view
- FIG. 6 shows the line coil in cross section along the line VI-VI according to FIG. 5.
- a heating device 10 provided for heating a liquid medium 1 1, which essentially consists of a housing 12, a rotor, a conduit coil 14 guided around the latter and containing the medium 1 1, and a drive unit 13.
- the rotor comprises a shaft 15 which is rotatably mounted in the housing 12 and a drum 18 which is concentrically attached to it by means of flanges 34.
- the housing 12 has a cylindrical outer shape and has a base 16 by means of which it can be placed on a floor or the like and can be attached to it if necessary. Furthermore, this housing 12 is preferably provided on its entire inner surface with thermal and, if appropriate, sound insulation 32, 33.
- the housing 12 is also formed in two or more parts in order to be able to mount the rotor therein.
- the drum 18 is fastened on both sides to a flange 34, which are held on the shaft 15 in a rotationally fixed manner.
- the rotor formed with these is, as mentioned, rotatably mounted in the housing 12 and coupled to the drive unit 13, which has, for example, an electric motor 17 and a deflection gear 19.
- the drive unit 13 which has, for example, an electric motor 17 and a deflection gear 19.
- a cylindrical body could also be provided instead of a drum 18.
- a plurality of permanent magnets 22, 24 arranged next to one another and a helical coil 14 which is guided helically around the drum 18 and with the electrically conductive medium 11 flowing through them are provided on the circumference of the drum 18. Between these permanent magnets 22, 24 and the medium 11 located in the region of the magnetic field generated by them, a rotational relative movement is generated between them when the drum 18 rotates.
- the permanent magnets 22, 24 thus pass the medium 1 1 in succession and generate eddy currents therein cause the medium to heat up.
- a plurality of magnets 22, 24 are inserted within a recess 18 'in the axial direction of the drum 18, these magnets advantageously being arranged with the same poles on the outer side.
- the permanent magnets 22, 24 are arranged on the circumference of the drum 18 preferably at the smallest possible distance from one another and alternately provided on the outside with a north (+) or south pole (-), as a result of which these magnets Continuously acting loop-shaped magnetic fields radiate within a certain bandwidth, which cause the eddy currents in the medium in this bandwidth when there is relative movement.
- These permanent magnets 22, 24 are expediently inserted in the recesses running parallel to the axis of rotation, which are provided on the circumference of the drum 18, and are held by a fastening ring 18 "which surrounds the drum.
- This fastening ring 18" is advantageously made of a non-magnetic material manufactured and can be placed over the drum after the magnets have been placed around the drum.
- the drum 18 in turn is advantageously made of a non-metallic material.
- the permanent magnets 22, 24 are each formed in a rectangular rod shape, with several being arranged one behind the other in a recess 18 'in the drum 18 such that the permanent magnetic field generated by them is each radiated approximately radially from the drum 18 and in one loop each enters the adjacent opposite poles again approximately in the radial direction.
- the medium 11 and with it the line coil 14, which is fixed in the housing 12, are arranged at a defined distance from these magnets, so that they are located within the magnetic field generated by them. This distance is advantageously chosen to be very small, ie only a few millimeters.
- the line coil 14 has a rectangular cross section and the distances between the adjacent windings are kept as small as possible so that unused gaps are created in which the magnetic field is present but not the medium to be heated.
- a large number of magnets 22, 24 in, evenly distributed, are provided on the drum 18, which is provided with an outside diameter of approximately 300 mm and a length of approximately 500 mm the smallest possible distance from each other, each having a height of 20 mm and a width of 10 mm, and five same-pole magnetic rods are inserted one behind the other per recess.
- the drum 18 rotates at a speed of approximately 3000 rpm. In principle, at a speed of approximately 1000 rpm. achieved sufficient heating of the medium. At a speed of approx. 3000 rpm, the external diameter of the drum of approx. 300 mm results in a relative speed of approx. 47 m / s.
- the permanent magnets 22, 24 are made from a commercially available material, preferably from neodymium, from a strontium-ferrite, a strontium-cobalt alloy or from another material suitable for the respective application. It is self-evident that the stronger the magnetic field generation per surface unit is provided in such a permanent magnet, that consequently the greater the heating in the medium is effected with otherwise constant conditions.
- the line coil 14 is preferably formed from non-magnetic plastic. However, it could also be made from an electrically conductive material, for example from a copper alloy, from chromium steel, aluminum or a noble metal, such as platinum or the like. It is advantageously wound around the drum several times.
- a chemical additive for example potassium, or another additive with the same effect is advantageously added to the electrically conductive water.
- Greater heat transfer is achieved when the water in the line is let through in a turbulent flow.
- the two-part housing 12 is provided on the inside with an insulation layer 32, 33 which, in addition to the heat and sound insulation, is preferably additionally provided with insulation, such as, for example, or a lead foil, which shields the electromagnetic fields from the outside is.
- insulation layer 32, 33 which, in addition to the heat and sound insulation, is preferably additionally provided with insulation, such as, for example, or a lead foil, which shields the electromagnetic fields from the outside is.
- the inside of the housing could also be clad with a non-magnetic steel sleeve.
- the rotor 25 is formed by the drum 18 as a flywheel and the energy transmitted by the drive unit can thus advantageously be exhausted. As a result, the rotor continues to run for a while when the drive is switched off. This effect increases the heavier the drum is built.
- the medium provided as electrically conductive water is conveyed through the conduit coil 14, which is helically guided around the drum 18 and attached to the housing 12, in the sense of a continuous-flow heater, the conduit coil 14 having an inlet side 35 and an outlet side 36, which are indicated.
- a line leading directly or indirectly to a consumer is connected to the latter, which line is led back from the outlet side 36 in a closed circuit back to the inlet side 35.
- This heating device 10 is therefore particularly suitable for heating a house, in which the line is either led directly through the radiators or through the floors of the house or indirectly into a storage tank. The water stored in the latter is thereby heated, which is then brought into circulation.
- the line can be led into a boiler or a similar vessel for heating the water contained therein or another medium.
- a control device which is known per se and is not shown in more detail, is advantageously provided, by means of which the drive unit and also a pump which conveys the heated water through the line coil 14 and which is also not illustrated can be switched on and off.
- an emergency switch is provided, upon actuation of which the rotor stops immediately and becomes effective in particular if a set temperature of the line coil is exceeded, for example if the medium would no longer be conveyed for any reason.
- a rotating disk 45 is arranged on both sides of an annular line coil 46, which has uniformly distributed permanent magnets 42, 44 on the end face 45 '.
- the line snake 46 runs parallel to the rotary disks 45, which are fastened on a drive shaft 43, which can be rotated by a drive member, not shown.
- the permanent magnets 42, 44 are arranged relative to one another in such a way that they each radiate a magnetic field approximately in the direction of the axis of rotation 41.
- the two rotating disks 45 are of identical design and their adjacent magnets are equipped with a north and a south pole on the mutually facing end faces, as a result of which a part of the magnetic field is perpendicular to the opposite disk and a part in a loop the two adjacent, opposite-pole magnets 44 on the same disk in turn occur approximately in the axial direction.
- the electrically conductive line coil 46 and thus the likewise conductive medium 11 are placed at a minimal distance from the end faces 45 'of the disks 45, so that they again lie in the magnetic field generated by the magnets 42, 44 .
- the rotary disks are advantageously housed in a housing (not shown in detail) analogous to that according to FIG. 1.
- the magnets 42, 44 are fastened to the outer circumference of a respective rotating disk 45 and a certain number of magnets are arranged at the smallest possible distance from each disk.
- the line coil 46 is once led around the shaft 43 and then guided via the radial outlet side 48 to a consumer.
- This heating device 40 is suitable for applications in which there is little space required for it.
- this line coil 50 shows part of a line coil 50, which could be arranged analogously to the coil which is guided around the drum 18 of the heating device 10.
- this line coil 50 has a bent tube 54, in which transverse guide elements 55, 56, 57, 58, 59 which run radially to it and are fixed in the middle of the Tube 54 are held on a concentrically guided in this round body 52.
- These guide elements 55, 56, 57, 58, 59 which are round or different in cross section, are offset perpendicular to the tube axis at an angle, for example 72 ° as shown, and are also arranged at a distance from one another in the axial direction.
- the medium is given a turbulent flow without the medium being significantly throttled in this tube 54.
- this line coil could also be provided with a means for generating a turbulence flow differently than shown.
- the line coil is advantageously made of a non-conductive material, for example plastic.
- a rotary relative movement between the magnets and the medium could also be generated in that both the line coil 14 and the drum 18 would advantageously be rotated in the opposite direction of rotation.
- the line coil could also be guided helically or in another manner within the drum.
- this drum 18 as well as the magnets could be constructed differently. Practice has shown that the number of permanent magnets should be as large as possible for maximum power transmission, as a result of which more pulses per unit of time would be realized at a given speed of rotation of the drum.
- the drum could also be formed from a multipole ring, which is alternately provided on the outside on the circumference with a north and a south pole.
- a linear or a combined linear and superordinate rotary relative movement could be generated between the magnets and the medium.
- the permanent magnets could also be arranged stationary and the relative movement could only be generated by the medium.
- heating devices are also not limited to the above-mentioned ones, but can be used for a wide variety of areas in which thermal energy is required. Some particularly suitable uses are mentioned here, for example refrigerators, air conditioning systems, car engines, chemical or medical devices.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Induction Heating (AREA)
Abstract
The invention concerns a device (10) for heating a solid or liquid medium (11), the device having a rotating part (15, 18) with, disposed round its circumference, several permanent magnets (22, 24) which generate a magnetic field in which the electrically conducting medium (11) is located. The magnetic field of these permanent magnets (22, 24) radiates out approximately radially. The rotation of the rotating part results in a relative motion between the magnets and the medium, thus producing eddy currents in the magnets and hence heating of the magnets. Used as the medium (11) is electrically conducting water which is passed through a coil (14) wound round the rotating part and separated by a given distance from the rotating part. The coil has an inlet and an outlet (35, 36) which are connected to a line which is connected on the outlet side to a consumer and comes back in a closed loop to the inlet side again. The heating device (10) can be used to supply heat extremely efficiently to a medium.
Description
Heizeinrichtung zum Erwärmen eines Mediums Heating device for heating a medium
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Heizeinrichtung zum Erwärmen eines Mediums, mit mehreren nebeneinander angeordneten Permanentma¬ gneten, welche ein Magnetfeld erzeugen, in dessen Bereich ein elek¬ trisch leitend ausgebildetes Material angeordnet und zwischen dem Material und den Permanentmagneten eine lineare und/oder rotative Relativbewegung erzeugbar ist, wodurch das Material erhitzt wird.The invention relates to a heating device for heating a medium, with a plurality of permanent magnets arranged next to one another, which generate a magnetic field, in the area of which an electrically conductive material is arranged and a linear and / or rotary relative movement can be generated between the material and the permanent magnets , which heats the material.
Bei einer gattungsmässigen Heizungsanordnung nach der CH-PS 662 691, die in einer Turbo-Molekularpumpe eingesetzt wird, ist in ei¬ nem hochvakuumseitigen Innenraum eines Gehäuses ein Rotor ange¬ ordnet, an welchem Rotorscheiben angebracht sind, die mit am Ge-
häuse befestigten Statorscheiben zusammenwirken. Zur Beschleuni¬ gung der Desorption der hochvakuumseitigen Oberflächen werden die mit diesen Oberflächen versehenen Bauteile aufgeheizt. Dazu wird bei dieser Heizungsanordnung der Rotor durch Wirbelströme erhitzt, die sich aus dem Zusammenwirken seiner eigenen Rotation mit einem Magnetfeld, dessen Feldlinien senkrecht zur Rotorachse verlaufen, ergeben. Das Magnetfeld wird dabei mittels eines ausser- halb des Gehäuses befestigten Permanent- oder Elektromagneten er¬ zeugt, dessen Feldlinien senkrecht zur Rotorachse verlaufen. Mit dieser Heizungsanordnung ist nur eine beschränkte Heizleistung er¬ möglicht.In a generic heating arrangement according to CH-PS 662 691, which is used in a turbomolecular pump, a rotor is arranged in a high vacuum-side interior of a housing, on which rotor disks are attached, which are also attached to the cooperate stator washers attached to the housing. In order to accelerate the desorption of the surfaces on the high vacuum side, the components provided with these surfaces are heated. For this purpose, in this heating arrangement the rotor is heated by eddy currents which result from the interaction of its own rotation with a magnetic field, the field lines of which run perpendicular to the rotor axis. The magnetic field is generated by means of a permanent or electromagnet attached outside the housing, the field lines of which run perpendicular to the rotor axis. With this heating arrangement, only a limited heating output is possible.
Bei einer weiteren bekannten Vorrichtung gemäss der Druckschrift DE-A- 1 106 440 ist bei einer Ausführungsvariante im Boden eines zur Dampferzeugung dienenden Kessels, der aus gut leitendem Werkstoff besteht, eine drehbare Glocke aus ferromagnetischem Werkstoff angeordnet. An der Mantelfläche dieser Glocke sind kranzförmig Dauermagnete vorgesehen, welche in wechselnder Pol¬ folge ein radiales Magnetfeld ausstrahlen. Der die Glocke dabei um¬ gebende Behälter weist einen die Dauermagnete mit einem geringen Abstand umschliessenden Ring auf, welcher ebenfalls aus ferroma¬ gnetischem Material, bspw. Weicheisen, hergestellt ist. Beim Drehen der Glocke bewirken die an deren Umfang angeordnete Dauerma¬ gnete aufgrund der entstehenden Wirbelströme eine Erwärmung des diese umgebenden Behälters und des Ringes. Letztere übertragen die Wärme auf das im Behälter befindliche Wasser. Die mit dieser Vor¬ richtung übertragene Wärme ergibt jedoch nicht eine optimale Wär¬ meübertragung auf das aufzuheizende Medium Wasser.In a further known device according to the document DE-A-1 106 440, in one embodiment variant, a rotatable bell made of ferromagnetic material is arranged in the bottom of a boiler which is used to generate steam and which is made of a highly conductive material. On the circumferential surface of this bell, permanent magnets are provided, which emit a radial magnetic field in alternating pole order. The container surrounding the bell has a ring which surrounds the permanent magnets at a short distance and which is likewise made of ferromagnetic material, for example soft iron. When the bell is turned, the permanent magnets arranged on its circumference cause the eddy currents generated to heat the container and the ring surrounding it. The latter transfer the heat to the water in the tank. However, the heat transferred with this device does not result in optimal heat transfer to the medium water to be heated.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung wurde demgegenüber die Aufgabe zu¬ grundegelegt, eine Heizeinrichtung nach der eingangs beschriebenen Gattung zu schaffen, mittels der gegenüber den bekannten Lösungen eine bessere Wärmeübertragung und damit ein erhöhter Wirkungs¬ grad für die Erhitzung eines Mediums erzielt wird. Ferner soll sich diese Einrichtung für verschiedene Anwendungsgebiete eignen.
Erfindungsgemäss ist die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass als elektrisch leitendes Material ein Medium, insbesondere eine elektrisch leitende Flüssigkeit oder ein Gas, vorgesehen ist, welches durch das von den Permanentmagneten erzeugte Magnetfeld geführt ist und es durch die in ihm erzeugten Wirbelströme erwärmt wird.In contrast, the present invention was based on the object of creating a heating device of the type described in the introduction, by means of which a better heat transfer and thus an increased degree of efficiency for heating a medium is achieved compared to the known solutions. Furthermore, this device should be suitable for various areas of application. According to the invention, the object is achieved in that a medium, in particular an electrically conductive liquid or a gas, is provided as the electrically conductive material, which is guided by the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets and is heated by the eddy currents generated therein.
Bei einer sehr vorteilhaften Ausführung sind die Permamentmagnete am Umfang eines Rotors angeordnet, von denen das Magnetfeld an¬ nähernd radial ausgestrahlt wird, und das Medium innerhalb oder ausserhalb dieses Rotors herumgeführt ist, dabei die Relativbewe¬ gung durch Drehung des Rotors erfolgt.In a very advantageous embodiment, the permanent magnets are arranged on the circumference of a rotor, from which the magnetic field is radiated approximately radially and the medium is guided inside or outside this rotor, the relative movement being effected by rotating the rotor.
Bei einer anderen vorzugsweisen Ausführungsform sind die Perma¬ nentmagnete an der Stirnseite einer Rotationsscheibe derart verteilt angeordnet, dass diese ein in Richtung der Scheiben-Drehachse aus¬ strahlendes Magnetfeld erzeugen und das Medium dabei in einem Abstand zu wenigstens einer Stirnseite der Scheibe plaziert ist.In another preferred embodiment, the permanent magnets on the end face of a rotating disk are arranged such that they generate a magnetic field radiating in the direction of the disk axis of rotation and the medium is placed at a distance from at least one end face of the disk.
Mit dieser erfindungsmässigen Heizeinrichtung kann eine nahezu verlustlose und unerwartet hohe Leistung auf das von den Perma¬ nentmagneten erwärmte Medium übertragen werden.With this heating device according to the invention, an almost lossless and unexpectedly high power can be transferred to the medium heated by the permanent magnets.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sowie weitere Vorteile dersel¬ ben sind nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigt:Exemplary embodiments of the invention and further advantages thereof are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. It shows:
Fig. l einen schematischen Längsschnitt durch eine erfindungsge- mässe Heizeinrichtung,1 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a heating device according to the invention,
Fig.2 einen Querschnitt durch die Heizeinrichtung nach Fig. l,2 shows a cross section through the heating device according to FIG.
Fig.3 einen schematischen Querschnitt durch eine alternative Aus¬ führung einer erfindungsgemässen Heizeinrichtung,3 shows a schematic cross section through an alternative embodiment of a heating device according to the invention,
Fig.4 eine Draufsicht auf die mit Permanentmagneten versehene Rotationsscheibe gemäss Fig.3,
Fig.5 eine Variante einer teilweise dargestellten Leitungsschlange in Draufsicht und Fig.6 die Leitungsschlange im Querschnitt entlang der Linie VI - VI gemäss Fig.5.4 shows a plan view of the rotating disk provided with permanent magnets according to FIG. 3, 5 shows a variant of a partially shown line coil in plan view and FIG. 6 shows the line coil in cross section along the line VI-VI according to FIG. 5.
Fig. l zeigt eine zum Erwärmen eines flüssigen Mediums 1 1 vorge¬ sehene Heizeinrichtung 10, die im wesentlichen aus einem Gehäuse 12, einem Rotor, eine um letzteren geführte, das Medium 1 1 ent¬ haltende Leitungsschlange 14 sowie aus einem Antriebsaggregat 13 besteht. Der Rotor umfasst eine im Gehäuse 12 drehbar gelagerte Welle 15 sowie eine an dieser mittels Flanschen 34 konzentrisch be¬ festigte Trommel 18. Das Gehäuse 12 weist eine zylindrische Aus- senform auf und hat einen Sockel 16, mittels dem es auf einen Boden oder dergleichen stellbar ist und bei Bedarf an diesem befestigt wer¬ den kann. Im weiteren ist dieses Gehäuse 12 vorzugsweise an seiner gesamten Innenfläche mit einer Wärme- und gegebenenfalls mit einer Schallisolation 32, 33 versehen. Das Gehäuse 12 ist überdies zwei- oder mehrteilig ausgebildet, um den Rotor darin montieren zu kön¬ nen. Die Trommel 18 ist beidseitig an je einem Flansch 34 befestigt, welche drehfest an der Welle 15 gehalten sind. Der mit diesen gebil¬ dete Rotor ist wie erwähnt im Gehäuse 12 drehbar gelagert und mit dem beispielsweise einen Elektromotor 17 sowie ein Umlenkgetriebe 19 aufweisendes Antriebsaggregat 13 gekoppelt. Selbstverständlich könnte anstelle einer Trommel 18 auch ein zylindrischer Körper vor¬ gesehen sein.1 shows a heating device 10 provided for heating a liquid medium 1 1, which essentially consists of a housing 12, a rotor, a conduit coil 14 guided around the latter and containing the medium 1 1, and a drive unit 13. The rotor comprises a shaft 15 which is rotatably mounted in the housing 12 and a drum 18 which is concentrically attached to it by means of flanges 34. The housing 12 has a cylindrical outer shape and has a base 16 by means of which it can be placed on a floor or the like and can be attached to it if necessary. Furthermore, this housing 12 is preferably provided on its entire inner surface with thermal and, if appropriate, sound insulation 32, 33. The housing 12 is also formed in two or more parts in order to be able to mount the rotor therein. The drum 18 is fastened on both sides to a flange 34, which are held on the shaft 15 in a rotationally fixed manner. The rotor formed with these is, as mentioned, rotatably mounted in the housing 12 and coupled to the drive unit 13, which has, for example, an electric motor 17 and a deflection gear 19. Of course, a cylindrical body could also be provided instead of a drum 18.
Erfindungsgemäss sind am Umfang der Trommel 18 mehrere neben¬ einander angeordnete Permanentmagnete 22, 24 und eine um die Trommel 18 wendeiförmig geführte Leitungsschlange 14 mit dem darin durchfliessenden, elektrisch leitenden Medium 1 1 vorgesehen. Zwischen diesen Permanentmagneten 22, 24 und dem im Bereich des von diesen erzeugten Magnetfeldes befindlichen Mediums 1 1 wird bei Drehung der Trommel 18 zwischen diesen eine rotative Relativ¬ bewegung erzeugt. Damit passieren die Permanentmagnete 22, 24 das Medium 1 1 nacheinander und erzeugen in diesem Wirbelströme, die
eine Erwärmung des Mediums hervorrufen. Vorzugsweise sind in Achsrichtung der Trommel 18 mehrere Magnete 22, 24 innerhalb ei¬ ner Aussparung 18 ' eingelegt, wobei diese Magnete vorteilhaft auf der äusseren Seite gleichpolig angeordnet sind.According to the invention, a plurality of permanent magnets 22, 24 arranged next to one another and a helical coil 14 which is guided helically around the drum 18 and with the electrically conductive medium 11 flowing through them are provided on the circumference of the drum 18. Between these permanent magnets 22, 24 and the medium 11 located in the region of the magnetic field generated by them, a rotational relative movement is generated between them when the drum 18 rotates. The permanent magnets 22, 24 thus pass the medium 1 1 in succession and generate eddy currents therein cause the medium to heat up. Preferably, a plurality of magnets 22, 24 are inserted within a recess 18 'in the axial direction of the drum 18, these magnets advantageously being arranged with the same poles on the outer side.
Gemäss Fig.2 sind die Permamentmagnete 22, 24 am Umfang der Trommel 18 in einem vorzugsweise möglichst geringen Abstand zu¬ einander angeordnet und an deren Aussenseite abwechslungsweise mit einem Nord- (+) bzw. Südpol (-) versehen, wodurch diese Ma¬ gnete ständig wirkende schlaufenförmige Magnetfelder innerhalb ei¬ ner bestimmten Bandbreite ausstrahlen, welche die besagten Wirbel¬ ströme in dem in dieser Bandbreite befindlichen Medium bei vorhan¬ dener Relativbewegung verursachen.According to FIG. 2, the permanent magnets 22, 24 are arranged on the circumference of the drum 18 preferably at the smallest possible distance from one another and alternately provided on the outside with a north (+) or south pole (-), as a result of which these magnets Continuously acting loop-shaped magnetic fields radiate within a certain bandwidth, which cause the eddy currents in the medium in this bandwidth when there is relative movement.
Diese Permanentmagnete 22, 24 sind zweckmässigerweise in den parallel zur Drehachse verlaufenden Aussparungen, die am Umfang der Trommel 18 vorgesehen sind, eingelegt und von einem die Trommel umschliessenden Befestigungsring 18" gehalten. Dieser Be¬ festigungsring 18" ist vorteilhaft aus einem nichtmagnetischen Ma¬ terial gefertigt und kann, nachdem die Magnete um die Trommel ge¬ legt sind, über diese gestülpt werden. Die Trommel 18 ihrerseits ist vorteilhaft aus einem nichtmetallischen Material gefertigt.These permanent magnets 22, 24 are expediently inserted in the recesses running parallel to the axis of rotation, which are provided on the circumference of the drum 18, and are held by a fastening ring 18 "which surrounds the drum. This fastening ring 18" is advantageously made of a non-magnetic material manufactured and can be placed over the drum after the magnets have been placed around the drum. The drum 18 in turn is advantageously made of a non-metallic material.
Die Permanentmagnete 22, 24 sind jeweils in rechteckiger Stabform ausgebildet, wobei in jeweils einer Aussparung 18' in der Trommel 18 mehrere hintereinander angeordnet sind, derart, dass das von de¬ nen erzeugte permanente Magnetfeld jeweils annähernd radial von der Trommel 18 ausgestrahlt wird und in je einer Schlaufe zurück in die benachbarten Gegenpole wiederum annähernd in radialer Rich¬ tung eintritt. Das Medium 1 1 und mit ihm die Leitungsschlange 14, die im Gehäuse 12 fixiert ist, sind zu diesen Magneten in einem de¬ finierten Abstand angeordnet, so dass sie sich innerhalb des von die¬ sen erzeugten Magnetfeldes befinden. Dieser Abstand ist vorteilhaft sehr gering gewählt, d.h. nur einige Millimeter. Die Leitungsschlan¬ ge 14 weist im vorliegenden Beispiel einen rechteckigen Querschnitt
auf und die Abstände zwischen den benachbarten Wicklungen sind möglichst gering gehalten, damit nicht ungenutzte Zwischenräume entstehen, in denen zwar das Magnetfeld vorhanden ist, nicht aber das zu erwärmende Medium.The permanent magnets 22, 24 are each formed in a rectangular rod shape, with several being arranged one behind the other in a recess 18 'in the drum 18 such that the permanent magnetic field generated by them is each radiated approximately radially from the drum 18 and in one loop each enters the adjacent opposite poles again approximately in the radial direction. The medium 11 and with it the line coil 14, which is fixed in the housing 12, are arranged at a defined distance from these magnets, so that they are located within the magnetic field generated by them. This distance is advantageously chosen to be very small, ie only a few millimeters. In the present example, the line coil 14 has a rectangular cross section and the distances between the adjacent windings are kept as small as possible so that unused gaps are created in which the magnetic field is present but not the medium to be heated.
Bei dieser Heizeinrichtung 10 gemäss der Fig. l und Fig.2 sind an der mit einem Aussendurchmesser von ca. 300 mm und einer Länge von ca. 500 mm versehenen Trommel 18 eine Vielzahl, zwischen 20 und 50, gleichmässig verteilte Magnete 22, 24 in möglichst geringem Ab¬ stand zueinander angeordnet, die jeweils eine Höhe von 20 mm und eine Breite von 10 mm aufweisen und pro Aussparung fünf gleich¬ polige Magnetstäbe hintereinander eingelegt sind. Die Trommel 18 rotiert bei einer Drehzahl von ca. 3000 U/min. Im Prinzip wird be¬ reits bei einer solchen von ungefähr 1000 U/min. eine ausreichende Erwärmung des Mediums erzielt. Bei einer Drehzahl von ca. 3000 U/min ergibt sich bei dem Aussendurchmesser der Trommel von ca. 300 mm eine Relativgeschwindigkeit von annähernd 47 m/s.In this heating device 10 according to FIGS. 1 and 2, a large number of magnets 22, 24 in, evenly distributed, are provided on the drum 18, which is provided with an outside diameter of approximately 300 mm and a length of approximately 500 mm the smallest possible distance from each other, each having a height of 20 mm and a width of 10 mm, and five same-pole magnetic rods are inserted one behind the other per recess. The drum 18 rotates at a speed of approximately 3000 rpm. In principle, at a speed of approximately 1000 rpm. achieved sufficient heating of the medium. At a speed of approx. 3000 rpm, the external diameter of the drum of approx. 300 mm results in a relative speed of approx. 47 m / s.
Die Permanentmagnete 22, 24 sind aus einem handelsüblichen Mate¬ rial hergestellt, vorzugsweise aus Neodym, aus einer Strontium- Ferrit-, einer Strontium-Kobalt-Legierung oder aus einem andern, für den jeweiligen Anwendungsfall geeignetes Material. Es versteht sich von selbst, dass je stärker die magnetische Felderzeugung pro Flä¬ cheneinheit in einem solchen Permanentmagneten vorgesehen ist, dass folglich eine umso grössere Erhitzung im Medium bei ansonsten gleichbleibenden Voraussetzungen bewirkt wird. Die Leitungs¬ schlange 14 ist vorzugsweise aus unmagnetischem Kunststoff gebil¬ det. Sie könnte aber auch aus einem elektrisch leitenden Material, bspw. aus einer Kupferlegierung, aus Chromstahl, Aluminum oder einem Edelmetall, wie Platin oder dergleichen, gefertigt sein. Sie ist vorteilhaft mehrmals um die Trommel gewunden.The permanent magnets 22, 24 are made from a commercially available material, preferably from neodymium, from a strontium-ferrite, a strontium-cobalt alloy or from another material suitable for the respective application. It is self-evident that the stronger the magnetic field generation per surface unit is provided in such a permanent magnet, that consequently the greater the heating in the medium is effected with otherwise constant conditions. The line coil 14 is preferably formed from non-magnetic plastic. However, it could also be made from an electrically conductive material, for example from a copper alloy, from chromium steel, aluminum or a noble metal, such as platinum or the like. It is advantageously wound around the drum several times.
Dem elektrisch leitenden Wasser wird vorteilhaft ein die Leitfähig¬ keit erhöhenden chemikalischer Zusatz, zum Beispiel Potassium, oder ein anderer gleichwirkender Zusatz beigemischt. Zudem wird
eine grössere Wärmeübertragung erreicht, wenn das Wasser in der Leitung in turbulenter Strömung durchgelassen wird.A chemical additive, for example potassium, or another additive with the same effect is advantageously added to the electrically conductive water. In addition, Greater heat transfer is achieved when the water in the line is let through in a turbulent flow.
Das zweiteilige Gehäuse 12 ist - wie erwähnt - auf der Innenseite mit einer Isolationsschicht 32, 33 versehen, die nebst der Wärme- und der Schallisolation vorzugsweise zusätzlich mit einer die elek¬ tromagnetischen Felder nach aussen abschirmenden Isolation, wie zum Beispiel oder eine Bleifolie, ausgestattet ist. Das Gehäuse könnte auf der Innenseite auch mit einer nichtmagnetischen Stahl¬ hülse eingekleidet sein.As mentioned, the two-part housing 12 is provided on the inside with an insulation layer 32, 33 which, in addition to the heat and sound insulation, is preferably additionally provided with insulation, such as, for example, or a lead foil, which shields the electromagnetic fields from the outside is. The inside of the housing could also be clad with a non-magnetic steel sleeve.
Der Rotor 25 ist durch die Trommel 18 als Schwungrad ausgebildet und es kann somit die vom Antriebsaggregat übertragene Energie vorteilhaft ausgeschöpft werden. Der Rotor läuft infolgedessen bei Abschaltung des Antriebes eine Zeitlang weiter. Diese Wirkung wird erhöht, je schwerer die Trommel gebaut ist.The rotor 25 is formed by the drum 18 as a flywheel and the energy transmitted by the drive unit can thus advantageously be exhausted. As a result, the rotor continues to run for a while when the drive is switched off. This effect increases the heavier the drum is built.
Das als elektrisch leitendes Wasser vorgesehene Medium wird durch die um die Trommel 18 wendeiförmig geführte und am Gehäuse 12 befestigte Leitungsschlange 14 im Sinne eines Durchlauferhitzers gefördert, wobei die Leitungsschlange 14 eine andeutungsweise ge¬ zeigte Einlass- 35 und eine Auslasseite 36 aufweist. An letztere ist dabei eine mittel- oder unmittelbar zu einem Verbraucher führende Leitung angeschlossen, welche ausgehend von der Auslasseite 36 in einem geschlossenen Kreislauf wieder zurück an die Einlasseite 35 geleitet ist. Diese Heizeinrichtung 10 eignet sich daher speziell für die Beheizung eines Hauses, bei der die Leitung entweder un¬ mittelbar durch die Heizkörper bzw. durch die Böden des Hauses oder mittelbar in einen Speichertank geführt ist. Das in letzterem ge¬ speicherte Wasser wird dadurch aufgewärmt, welches dann in Um¬ lauf gebracht wird. Genauso lässt sich die Leitung in einen Boiler oder ein ähnliches Gefäss zur Erhitzung des darin enthaltenden Was¬ sers oder eines andern Mediums führen.
Ferner ist vorteilhaft eine nicht näher gezeigte, an sich bekannte Steuereinrichtung vorgesehen, mittels der das Antriebsaggregat und auch eine das erwärmte Wasser durch die Leitungsschlange 14 för¬ dernde Pumpe, die ebenfalls nicht veranschaulicht ist, ein- und aus¬ geschaltet werden kann. Zudem ist aus Sicherheitsgründen ein Not¬ schalter vorgesehen, bei dessen Betätigung der Rotor sofort gestoppt und insbesondere dann wirksam wird, wenn eine Solltemperatur der Leitungsschlange überschritten wird, bspw. wenn das Medium aus irgendwelchen Gründen nicht mehr gefördert würde.The medium provided as electrically conductive water is conveyed through the conduit coil 14, which is helically guided around the drum 18 and attached to the housing 12, in the sense of a continuous-flow heater, the conduit coil 14 having an inlet side 35 and an outlet side 36, which are indicated. A line leading directly or indirectly to a consumer is connected to the latter, which line is led back from the outlet side 36 in a closed circuit back to the inlet side 35. This heating device 10 is therefore particularly suitable for heating a house, in which the line is either led directly through the radiators or through the floors of the house or indirectly into a storage tank. The water stored in the latter is thereby heated, which is then brought into circulation. In the same way, the line can be led into a boiler or a similar vessel for heating the water contained therein or another medium. Furthermore, a control device, which is known per se and is not shown in more detail, is advantageously provided, by means of which the drive unit and also a pump which conveys the heated water through the line coil 14 and which is also not illustrated can be switched on and off. In addition, for safety reasons, an emergency switch is provided, upon actuation of which the rotor stops immediately and becomes effective in particular if a set temperature of the line coil is exceeded, for example if the medium would no longer be conveyed for any reason.
Bei einer Heizeinrichtung 40 gemäss Fig.3 und Fig.4 ist beidseitig zu einer ringförmig geführten Leitungsschlange 46 je eine Rota¬ tionsscheibe 45 angeordnet, welche an der Stirnseite 45' gleichmä- ssig verteilte Permanentmagnete 42, 44 aufweist. Die Leitungs¬ schlange 46 verläuft dabei parallel zu den Rotationsscheiben 45, welche auf einer Antriebswelle 43 befestigt sind, die von einem nicht näher dargestellten Antriebsorgan gedreht werden kann. Die Permanentmagnete 42, 44 sind derart zueinander angeordnet, dass sie jeweils ein Magnetfeld annähernd in Richtung der Drehachse 41 aus¬ strahlen. Die beiden Rotationsscheiben 45 sind identisch ausgebildet und deren benachbarten Magnete sind an den einander zugekehrten Stirnseiten mit einem Nord- und auf der andern mit einem Südpol bestückt, wodurch ein Teil des Magnetfeldes senkrecht auf die ge- genüberliegene Scheibe und ein Teil in je einer Schlaufe auf die bei¬ den benachbarten anderspoligen Magnete 44 auf derselben Scheibe wiederum annähernd in axialer Richtung eintritt. Die elektrisch lei¬ tend ausgebildete Leitungsschlange 46 und damit das ebenfalls lei¬ tende Medium 1 1 sind in einem minimalen Abstand zu den Stirnsei¬ ten 45' der Scheiben 45 plaziert, so dass sie wieder in dem von den Magneten 42, 44 erzeugten Magnetfeld liegen. Bei einer Drehung der über die Welle miteinander verbundenen Rotationsscheiben 45 ent¬ stehen in der Leitungsschlange 46 und in dem Medium Wirbelströme, welche eine gewünschte Erwärmung des Mediums bewirken. Die Rotationsscheiben sind vorteilhaft in einem nicht näher gezeigten Gehäuse analog demjenigen nach der Fig. 1 untergebracht.
Gemäss Fig.4 sind die Magnete 42, 44 am äusseren Umfang einer jeweiligen Rotationsscheibe 45 befestigt und pro Scheibe sind eine bestimmte Anzahl von Magneten in möglichst geringem Abstand zu¬ einander angeordnet. Die Leitungsschlange 46 ist ausgehend von ei¬ ner radialen Einlasseite 47 einmal um die Welle 43 herumgeführt und dann über die radiale Auslasseite 48 zu einem Verbraucher ge¬ leitet. Diese Heizeinrichtung 40 eignet sich für Anwendungen, bei denen für diese ein geringer Raumbedarf vorhanden ist.In the case of a heating device 40 according to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, a rotating disk 45 is arranged on both sides of an annular line coil 46, which has uniformly distributed permanent magnets 42, 44 on the end face 45 '. The line snake 46 runs parallel to the rotary disks 45, which are fastened on a drive shaft 43, which can be rotated by a drive member, not shown. The permanent magnets 42, 44 are arranged relative to one another in such a way that they each radiate a magnetic field approximately in the direction of the axis of rotation 41. The two rotating disks 45 are of identical design and their adjacent magnets are equipped with a north and a south pole on the mutually facing end faces, as a result of which a part of the magnetic field is perpendicular to the opposite disk and a part in a loop the two adjacent, opposite-pole magnets 44 on the same disk in turn occur approximately in the axial direction. The electrically conductive line coil 46 and thus the likewise conductive medium 11 are placed at a minimal distance from the end faces 45 'of the disks 45, so that they again lie in the magnetic field generated by the magnets 42, 44 . When the rotary disks 45, which are connected to one another via the shaft, rotate, eddy currents arise in the line coil 46 and in the medium, which cause the medium to be heated as desired. The rotary disks are advantageously housed in a housing (not shown in detail) analogous to that according to FIG. 1. According to FIG. 4, the magnets 42, 44 are fastened to the outer circumference of a respective rotating disk 45 and a certain number of magnets are arranged at the smallest possible distance from each disk. Starting from a radial inlet side 47, the line coil 46 is once led around the shaft 43 and then guided via the radial outlet side 48 to a consumer. This heating device 40 is suitable for applications in which there is little space required for it.
Fig.5 und Fig.6 zeigen einen Teil einer Leitungsschlange 50, welche analog wie die um die Trommel 18 der Heizeinrichtung 10 geführte Schlange angeordnet sein könnte. Diese Leitungsschlange 50 weist zur Erzeugung einer turbulenten Strömung des durch diese fliessen¬ den Mediums ein gebogenes Rohr 54 auf, in welchem querstehende, radial zu diesem verlaufende Leitelemente 55, 56, 57, 58, 59 befe¬ stigt sind, welche in der Mitte des Rohres 54 an einem konzentrisch in diesem geführten Rundkörper 52 gehalten sind. Diese im Quer¬ schnitt rund oder andersförmig ausgebildeten Leitelemente 55, 56, 57, 58, 59 sind senkrecht zur Rohrachse gesehen in einem Winkel, bspw. wie dargestellt 72°, versetzt und auch in Achsrichtung in ei¬ nem Abstand zueinander angeordnet. Durch die Ausbildung solcher Leitelemente vorzugsweise über die gesamte Länge der Leitungs¬ schlange 50 wird dem Medium eine turbulente Strömung erteilt, ohne dass das Medium dadurch in diesem Rohr 54 erheblich gedrosselt würde. Selbstverständlich könnte diese Leitungsschlange mit einem Mittel zur Erzeugung einer Turbulenzströmung auch anders als dar¬ gestellt versehen sein.5 and 6 show part of a line coil 50, which could be arranged analogously to the coil which is guided around the drum 18 of the heating device 10. In order to generate a turbulent flow of the medium flowing through it, this line coil 50 has a bent tube 54, in which transverse guide elements 55, 56, 57, 58, 59 which run radially to it and are fixed in the middle of the Tube 54 are held on a concentrically guided in this round body 52. These guide elements 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, which are round or different in cross section, are offset perpendicular to the tube axis at an angle, for example 72 ° as shown, and are also arranged at a distance from one another in the axial direction. Due to the formation of such guide elements, preferably over the entire length of the line coil 50, the medium is given a turbulent flow without the medium being significantly throttled in this tube 54. Of course, this line coil could also be provided with a means for generating a turbulence flow differently than shown.
Im Zusammenhang mit den oben dargelegten Ausführungsbeispielen sei grundsätzlich noch darauf hingewiesen, dass Wirbelströme in elektrisch leitenden Materialien in zeitabhängigen Änderungen eines erzeugten Magnetfeldes entstehen, wobei die Wirbelströme das lei¬ tende Material nicht verlassen. Vorteilhaft wird daher nur das insbe¬ sondere flüssige oder gasförmige Medium elektrisch leitend ausge-
bildet, hingegen die Leitungsschlange ist vorteilhaft aus einem nichtleitenden Material, bspw. Kunststoff, gefertigt.In connection with the exemplary embodiments set out above, it should be pointed out in principle that eddy currents in electrically conductive materials arise in time-dependent changes in a generated magnetic field, the eddy currents not leaving the conductive material. Therefore, only the particularly liquid or gaseous medium is advantageously made electrically conductive. forms, however, the line coil is advantageously made of a non-conductive material, for example plastic.
Eine rotative Relativbewegung zwischen den Magneten und dem Me¬ dium könnte auch erzeugt werden, indem sowohl die Leitungs¬ schlange 14 als auch die Trommel 18 vorteilhaft in gegensinniger Drehrichtung rotiert würden. Die Leitungsschlange könnte auch in¬ nerhalb der Trommel wendeiförmig oder andersartig geführt sein.A rotary relative movement between the magnets and the medium could also be generated in that both the line coil 14 and the drum 18 would advantageously be rotated in the opposite direction of rotation. The line coil could also be guided helically or in another manner within the drum.
Selbstverständlich könnte diese Trommel 18 wie auch die Magnete anders konstruiert sein. Die Praxis hat gezeigt, dass für eine maxi¬ male Leistungsübertragung die Anzahl der Permanentmagnete mög¬ lichst gross gewählt sein soll, wodurch bei einer gegebenen Drehzahl der Trommel mehr Impulse pro Zeiteinheit realisiert würden. Die Trommel könnte auch aus einem mehrpoligen Ring gebildet sein, welcher aussenseitig am Umfang verteilt abwechslungsweise mit ei¬ nem Nord- und einem Südpol versehen ist.Of course, this drum 18 as well as the magnets could be constructed differently. Practice has shown that the number of permanent magnets should be as large as possible for maximum power transmission, as a result of which more pulses per unit of time would be realized at a given speed of rotation of the drum. The drum could also be formed from a multipole ring, which is alternately provided on the outside on the circumference with a north and a south pole.
Im Prinzip könnte zwischen den Magneten und dem Medium eine li¬ neare oder eine kombinierte lineare und dieser übergeordnete rotie¬ rende Relativbewegung erzeugt werden. Die Permanentmagnete könnten auch stationär angeordnet sein und die Relativbewegung nur durch das Medium erzeugt werden.In principle, a linear or a combined linear and superordinate rotary relative movement could be generated between the magnets and the medium. The permanent magnets could also be arranged stationary and the relative movement could only be generated by the medium.
Auch die Anwendungsgebiete dieser oben erläuterten Heizeinrich¬ tungen beschränken sich nicht auf die obgenannten, sondern diese lassen sich für die verschiedensten Gebiete einsetzen, bei denen Wärmeenergie benötigt wird. Es seien hierbei einige besonders ge¬ eignete Verwendungen angeführt, so zum Beispiel Kühlschränke, Klimaanlagen, Automotoren, chemische oder medizinische Geräte.
The areas of application of the above-described heating devices are also not limited to the above-mentioned ones, but can be used for a wide variety of areas in which thermal energy is required. Some particularly suitable uses are mentioned here, for example refrigerators, air conditioning systems, car engines, chemical or medical devices.
Claims
1. Heizeinrichtung zum Erwärmen eines Mediums, mit mehreren ne¬ beneinander angeordneten Permanentmagneten (22,24,42,44), welche ein Magnetfeld erzeugen, in dessen Bereich ein elektrisch leitend ausgebildetes Material angeordnet und zwischen dem Material und den Permanentmagneten (22,24,42,44) eine lineare und/oder rotative Relativbewegung erzeugbar ist, wodurch das Material erhitzt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als elektrisch leitendes Material ein Medium (1 1), insbesondere eine elektrisch leitende Flüssigkeit oder ein Gas, vorgesehen ist, welches durch das von den Permanentma¬ gneten (22,24,42,44) erzeugte Magnetfeld geführt ist und es durch die in ihm erzeugten Wirbelströme erwärmt wird.1. Heating device for heating a medium, with a plurality of permanent magnets (22, 24, 42, 44) arranged next to one another, which generate a magnetic field, in the area of which an electrically conductive material is arranged and between the material and the permanent magnets (22, 24 , 42, 44) a linear and / or rotary relative movement can be generated, as a result of which the material is heated, characterized in that a medium (11), in particular an electrically conductive liquid or a gas, is provided as the electrically conductive material the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets (22, 24, 42, 44) is guided and it is heated by the eddy currents generated in it.
2. Heizeinrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Permamentmagnete (22,24) am Umfang eines Rotors angeordnet sind und an deren Aussenseite abwechslungsweise ein Nord- (+) bzw. Südpol (-) vorgesehen ist und das Magnetfeld jeweils annä¬ hernd radial ausgestrahlt wird, wobei das Medium innerhalb oder ausserhalb um diesen Rotor geführt ist. 2. Heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the permanent magnets (22, 24) are arranged on the circumference of a rotor and alternately a north (+) or south (-) pole is provided on the outside and the magnetic field is approximate is radially radiated, the medium being guided inside or outside of this rotor.
3. Heizeinrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Medium ( 1 1) elektrisch leitendes Wasser vorgesehen ist, welches durch eine wendeiförmig um den Rotor angeordnete Leitungsschlan¬ ge ( 14) hindurchgeführt wird, nachfolgend an der Auslasseite (36,48) zu einem Verbraucher und in einem geschlossenen Kreislauf wieder zurück an die Einlasseite (35,47) geführt ist.3. Heating device according to claim 2, characterized in that electrically conductive water is provided as the medium (1 1), which is passed through a helically arranged around the rotor line coil (14), subsequently on the outlet side (36, 48) a consumer and in a closed circuit back to the inlet side (35,47).
4. Heizeinrichtung nach Anspruch 2 oder 3 , dadurch gekennzeich¬ net, dass die rechteckig oder andersförmig ausgebildeten Permanent¬ magnete (22,24) jeweils parallel zur Rotationsachse auf der Aussen¬ seite der Trommel ( 18) über deren gesamten Umfang verteilt mit vorzugsweise ohne Abstand aneinander folgend angeordnet und ab¬ wechslungsweise mit einem Nord- bzw. Südpol geladen sind.4. Heating device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized gekennzeich¬ net that the rectangular or other permanent magnets (22,24) each parallel to the axis of rotation on the outside of the drum (18) distributed over its entire circumference with preferably without Arranged at a distance from one another and loaded alternately with a north or south pole.
5. Heizeinrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Permanentmagnete (22,24) in parallel zur Drehachse verlaufen¬ den Aussparungen ( 18 ') am Umfang der Trommel ( 18) eingelegt und von einem letztere umschliessenden Befestigungsring ( 18") gehalten sind.5. Heating device according to claim 4, characterized in that the permanent magnets (22, 24) are inserted in the recesses (18 ') running parallel to the axis of rotation on the circumference of the drum (18) and are held by a fastening ring (18 ") enclosing the latter .
6. Heizeinrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Trommel ( 18) aus einem nichtmetallischen Material gefertigt ist.6. Heating device according to claim 5, characterized in that the drum (18) is made of a non-metallic material.
7. Heizeinrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Permanentmagnete (42,44) an der Stirnseite einer Rotations¬ scheibe (43) verteilt angeordnet sind, von denen das Magnetfeld an¬ nähernd in Richtung der Drehachse der Rotationsscheibe (43) ausge¬ strahlt wird, und das Medium ( 1 1 ) durch eine parallel zur Rotations¬ scheibe (43) angeordnete Leitungsschlange (46) geführt ist.7. Heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the permanent magnets (42, 44) are arranged distributed on the end face of a rotary disc (43), of which the magnetic field extends approximately in the direction of the axis of rotation of the rotary disc (43) is emitted, and the medium (11) is guided through a line coil (46) arranged parallel to the rotary disc (43).
8. Heizeinrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine mit elektrisch leitendem Wasser gespiesene Leitungsschlange (46) auf einer parallel zur Rotationsscheibe (45) verlaufenden Ebene kreis- oder andersförmig gewunden ist, deren Auslasseite (48) zu ei- nem Endverbraucher und in einem geschlossenen Kreislauf wieder zurück an die Einlasseite (47) der Rotationsscheibe (45) geleitet ist.8. Heating device according to claim 7, characterized in that a line coil (46) fed with electrically conductive water is wound in a circular or different shape on a plane running parallel to the rotating disc (45), the outlet side (48) of which nem end user and in a closed circuit is fed back to the inlet side (47) of the rotary disc (45).
9. Heizeinrichtung nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeich¬ net, dass beidseitig zur Leitungsschlange (46) je eine Rotations¬ scheibe (45) mit angeordnet ist, welche unabhängig voneinander oder mittels nur einer Antriebswelle (43 ) von einem Antriebsorgan ge¬ dreht werden können.9. Heating device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized gekennzeich¬ net that a rotating disc (45) is arranged on both sides of the line coil (46), which rotates independently of one another or by means of only one drive shaft (43) by a drive member can be.
10. Heizeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 9, dadurch ge¬ kennzeichnet, dass die Rotationsscheibe (45) zumindest auf deren einen Stirnseite (45') eine Anzahl von an ihrem äusseren Umfang gleichmässig verteilter Permanentmagnete (42,44) aufweist, die ab¬ wechselnd mit einem Nord-(+) bzw. Südpol (-) geladen sind.10. Heating device according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized ge indicates that the rotary disc (45) at least on one end face (45 ') has a number of uniformly distributed on its outer circumference permanent magnets (42,44), which from ¬ alternately loaded with a north (+) or south (-) pole.
1 1. Heizeinrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, da¬ durch gekennzeichnet, dass die Permanentmagnete (22,24;42,44) an¬ nähernd ohne Abstand aneinandergereiht sind.1 1. Heating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the permanent magnets (22, 24; 42, 44) are strung together without spacing.
12. Heizeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 9, dadurch ge¬ kennzeichnet, dass die Leitungsschlange (50) Mittel zur Erzeugung einer turbulenten Strömung des durch diese fliessenden Mediums aufweist.12. Heating device according to one of claims 3 to 9, characterized ge indicates that the line coil (50) has means for generating a turbulent flow of the medium flowing through it.
13. Heizeinrichtung nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Erzeugung der turbulenten Strömung innerhalb der Lei¬ tungsschlange (54) querstehende Leitelemente (55,56,57,58,59) nacheinander angeordnet sind.13. Heating device according to claim 12, characterized in that transverse generators (55, 56, 57, 58, 59) are arranged one after the other to generate the turbulent flow within the line coil (54).
14. Heizeinrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, da¬ durch gekennzeichnet, dass der Rotor bzw. die Rotationsscheibe mit einer Drehzahl zwischen 1 '500 und 4000 U/min. gedreht wird. 14. Heating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotor or the rotary disc with a speed between 1 '500 and 4000 U / min. is rotated.
15. Heizeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem als Wasser vorgesehenen Medium ein elektrisch leitende chemikalischer Zusatz, wie zum Beispiel Potassi- um, beigemischt ist.15. Heating device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that an electrically conductive chemical additive, such as, for example, potassium, is added to the medium provided as water.
16. Heizeinrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, da¬ durch gekennzeichnet, dass die Permanentmagnete sowie das Medi¬ um von einem Gehäuse (12) umschlossen sind, welches auf der In¬ nenseite eine Wärme-, Schall- und/oder eine die elektromagnetischen Felder abschirmende Isolation (32,33) aufweist. 16. Heating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the permanent magnets and the medium are surrounded by a housing (12) which on the inside has a heat, sound and / or one of the electromagnetic fields shielding insulation (32,33).
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH763/95 | 1995-03-17 | ||
CH76395 | 1995-03-17 | ||
CN96190456A CN1153591A (en) | 1995-03-17 | 1996-03-18 | Heating device for heating solid or liquid medium |
PCT/CH1996/000104 WO1996029845A1 (en) | 1995-03-17 | 1996-03-18 | Device for heating a medium |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0760198A1 true EP0760198A1 (en) | 1997-03-05 |
Family
ID=25685605
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96905661A Withdrawn EP0760198A1 (en) | 1995-03-17 | 1996-03-18 | Device for heating a medium |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0760198A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH10503617A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1153591A (en) |
AU (2) | AU2065195A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2190360A1 (en) |
WO (2) | WO1996029844A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN105135678A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-12-09 | 安徽三鼎锅炉制造有限公司 | Organic heat carrier heat-supply device |
Families Citing this family (28)
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EP1005715A1 (en) * | 1997-08-21 | 2000-06-07 | Europat Limited | Heating device |
DE19915842B4 (en) * | 1998-04-09 | 2004-04-15 | Usui Kokusai Sangyo Kaisha Ltd. | Magnetic heater |
DE19921320C2 (en) * | 1998-05-12 | 2002-10-17 | Usui Kokusai Sangyo Kk | magnet type heater |
JP3955888B2 (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2007-08-08 | トック・エンジニアリング株式会社 | Permanent magnet type eddy current heating device |
US20090203119A1 (en) * | 2006-07-25 | 2009-08-13 | Brian Anthony Evans | Biomass reactor |
DE102008041104A1 (en) * | 2008-08-07 | 2010-02-11 | Maschinenfabrik Gustav Eirich Gmbh & Co. Kg | Mixer with induction heating |
JP5390889B2 (en) * | 2009-03-06 | 2014-01-15 | 信一 近藤 | Method for heating liquid in metal container and apparatus therefor |
JP5545436B2 (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2014-07-09 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Power generation system |
JP5293626B2 (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2013-09-18 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Induction heating apparatus and power generation system including the same |
WO2011093192A1 (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2011-08-04 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Power generation system |
CN102095219B (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2012-12-19 | 张洪军 | Temperature-raising type rotary body heater |
CN102052706A (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2011-05-11 | 张洪军 | Revolved body heater |
CN103200719B (en) * | 2013-03-04 | 2015-04-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学(威海) | Double-rotor electromagnetic heating machine |
CN103369752B (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2017-04-12 | 浙江芯特科技有限公司 | Permanent magnet eddy heating device |
CN103347320B (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2017-03-22 | 浙江芯特科技有限公司 | Column type permanent magnet vortex heating device |
KR101430940B1 (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2014-09-25 | 강삼열 | Heating apparatus |
ES2549175A1 (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2015-10-23 | Antonio CURIEL GRANADOS | Fluid heater (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
CN104202858B (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2016-06-29 | 上海锐漫能源科技有限公司 | Drum-type permanent magnet heater for heating flowing water in metal pipeline |
CN111162654B (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2022-11-15 | 日本制铁株式会社 | Vortex type heating device |
JP6380148B2 (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2018-08-29 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | Eddy current heating device |
JP6380147B2 (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2018-08-29 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | Eddy current heating device |
KR101649820B1 (en) | 2015-04-20 | 2016-08-19 | 조은별 | Eddy current induction heating device |
DK3414973T3 (en) * | 2016-02-10 | 2020-06-15 | Rotaheat Ltd | HEAT GENERATOR |
DE102016202896A1 (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2017-08-24 | Mirja Liane Löhr | Device for generating heat |
DE102018108179A1 (en) * | 2018-04-06 | 2019-10-10 | Andreas Seiwald | Rotary induction heat generator with DC excitation, extremely low electrical / kinetic efficiency and extremely high thermal COP |
CN109277616A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-01-29 | 济南大学 | A kind of method and device for processing Low rigidity thin wall vane |
JP7156398B2 (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2022-10-19 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Eddy current heating device |
CN109855285A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-06-07 | 田佳龙 | A kind of new energy permanent magnet magnetization hot water machine |
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DE1106440B (en) * | 1956-02-04 | 1961-05-10 | Max Baermann | Device for heating the contents of containers consisting entirely or partially of electrically or magnetically highly conductive material, in particular for heating food in cooking pots, pans or the like by means of a rotating, mechanically driven multi-pole magnet system |
DE1169603B (en) * | 1956-04-28 | 1964-05-06 | Max Baermann | Device for heating the contents of containers made entirely or partially of electrically or magnetically highly conductive material |
DE1186568B (en) * | 1961-08-12 | 1965-02-04 | Max Baermann | Device for heating solid or liquid food filled in metal cans, metal containers, metal foils, metal packs or the like |
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US4614853A (en) * | 1985-10-15 | 1986-09-30 | Frank Gerard | Permanent magnet steam generator |
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1995
- 1995-04-03 AU AU20651/95A patent/AU2065195A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-04-03 WO PCT/CH1995/000072 patent/WO1996029844A1/en active Application Filing
-
1996
- 1996-03-18 JP JP8527949A patent/JPH10503617A/en active Pending
- 1996-03-18 CA CA002190360A patent/CA2190360A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-03-18 EP EP96905661A patent/EP0760198A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-03-18 AU AU49365/96A patent/AU4936596A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-03-18 WO PCT/CH1996/000104 patent/WO1996029845A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-03-18 CN CN96190456A patent/CN1153591A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105135678A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-12-09 | 安徽三鼎锅炉制造有限公司 | Organic heat carrier heat-supply device |
CN105135678B (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2018-08-07 | 安徽三鼎锅炉制造有限公司 | Organic heat carrier heating equipment |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2190360A1 (en) | 1996-09-26 |
JPH10503617A (en) | 1998-03-31 |
WO1996029845A1 (en) | 1996-09-26 |
AU2065195A (en) | 1996-10-08 |
CN1153591A (en) | 1997-07-02 |
WO1996029844A1 (en) | 1996-09-26 |
AU4936596A (en) | 1996-10-08 |
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