EP0744542A1 - Cylinder head for liquid cooled multicylinder internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Cylinder head for liquid cooled multicylinder internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0744542A1
EP0744542A1 EP95107782A EP95107782A EP0744542A1 EP 0744542 A1 EP0744542 A1 EP 0744542A1 EP 95107782 A EP95107782 A EP 95107782A EP 95107782 A EP95107782 A EP 95107782A EP 0744542 A1 EP0744542 A1 EP 0744542A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder head
water
crankcase
area
jacket
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95107782A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0744542B1 (en
Inventor
Winfried Krebs
Gerhard Koller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Renault SAS
Original Assignee
Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Renault SAS
Regie Nationale des Usines Renault
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Application filed by Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG, Renault SAS, Regie Nationale des Usines Renault filed Critical Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Priority to DE59506588T priority Critical patent/DE59506588D1/en
Priority to EP19950107782 priority patent/EP0744542B1/en
Publication of EP0744542A1 publication Critical patent/EP0744542A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4214—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads specially adapted for four or more valves per cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/02—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means
    • F02F1/10—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F02F2001/104—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means for liquid cooling using an open deck, i.e. the water jacket is open at the block top face
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/244—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/245—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated at an angle with the cylinder axis

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cylinder head for a water-cooled, multi-cylinder internal combustion engine according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • the cylinder head of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine in which the inlet and outlet ducts serving for gas exchange are arranged according to the countercurrent principle, i.e. the ducts open into mutually opposite walls that laterally delimit the cylinder head.
  • Such cross-flow cylinder heads offer advantages over so-called direct-current cylinder heads with regard to the attachment of the exhaust manifold and the intake manifolds, since ducts of the same type each open on a common side.
  • the cylinder head are cast water channels that guide the cooling water essentially in the longitudinal direction of the internal combustion engine. This water-carrying area is connected to the crankcase via feeds which open into the flange surfaces.
  • a cylinder head is also known in which the inlet and outlet channels are arranged according to the direct current principle. Parts of the water-bearing area extend above and below the channels. In particular, the sub-area led above the channels leads Cooling water, which has already warmed up to some extent, so that adequate cooling is not guaranteed here either.
  • the supply of the water-carrying jacket, which surrounds the outlet channels, is possible in a particularly simple manner if the lower jacket region is connected to the flange surface to the crankcase via a direct channel.
  • This channel can advantageously be designed as a bore accessible from the flange surface.
  • the channel between the flange surface and the lower jacket area is extended into the upper jacket area.
  • An almost direct connection to the water-carrying part of the crankcase is thus also possible for the upper casing area.
  • the coolant temperature is correspondingly lower. This also ensures that the coolant is sufficiently circulated in the upper jacket area.
  • a water-carrying jacket according to the invention in the area of the outlet channels is particularly advantageous for multi-valve cylinder heads, in particular four-valve cylinder heads with two inlet and two outlet channels per cylinder.
  • the duct connecting the flange surface and the jacket region can be guided between the outlet ducts of a cylinder in a simple manner in terms of production technology and without greatly influencing the surrounding region.
  • Effective cooling of the cylinder head in the area of the exhaust ports is achieved if the exhaust ports assigned to a cylinder are enclosed in a ring by the jacket in the longitudinal section of the engine (parallel to the crankshaft).
  • a cylinder-selectively dimensioned coolant flow can then be set by appropriate design of the cross sections and / or the inflow conditions.
  • Such a variation of the inflow cross-sections is possible in a particularly simple manner by appropriate geometry of the coolant openings provided in the cylinder head gasket.
  • a directed coolant flow can be achieved by adapting these openings in the cylinder head gasket.
  • this coolant flow has to be adapted to the respective thermal stress of the cylinder head area.
  • the invention is described below without limitation to this embodiment using the example of a four-cylinder four-valve in-line engine with two intake and two exhaust valves per cylinder.
  • the cylinder head 1 of the internal combustion engine has two inlet ducts 3 and two outlet ducts 4 serving for gas exchange and each opening 2, which open into a common outlet duct 5. All inlet ducts 3 open into a flange surface 6 that laterally delimits the cylinder head.
  • the outlet ducts 5 open out into a flange surface 7 on the opposite long side.
  • the cylinder head 1 is placed with the interposition of a cylinder head gasket 11 with its flange side 12 on a crankcase 13 in an open-deck construction.
  • the water-carrying jacket 14 of the crankcase 13 is connected via openings 15 in the cylinder head gasket 11 to feeds 16 in the water-carrying region 10 of the cylinder head 1.
  • the water-carrying area 10 essentially consists of a cavity 17 which extends in the longitudinal direction (parallel to the crankshaft) of the cylinder head and which is connected to a cooling water outlet 18.
  • cooling water flows through the feeds 16 into the water-carrying area 10 or the cavity 17 and flows through the cylinder head 1 to the cooling water outlet 18 in the longitudinal direction.
  • a transverse flow occurs between the cylinders, which cools the areas assigned to the cylinders 2 of the cylinder head 1 causes.
  • the lower jacket section 21 is connected to the flange surface 12 of the cylinder head 1 via a bore 22.
  • the bore 22 communicates with the water-carrying jacket 14 in the crankcase 13.
  • the bore 22 runs in the web 23 between the two outlet channels 4 and is extended into the upper jacket region 24.
  • the bore 22 forms a cooling water-carrying channel, which connects the jacket area 19, 20 directly to the water jacket 14 of the crankcase 13.
  • the exhaust ports 4, 5 are rinsed directly from the cooler water jacket without heating up in hot spots in the cylinder head beforehand.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 show two modifications of the cylinder head according to the invention, in which the lower jacket section is open towards the flange surface. This ensures better accessibility of this lower jacket section during the molding process.
  • the lower casing section 21a, 21b in the modifications is not designed as an enclosed ring element but as a downwardly open recess (FIG. 7).
  • This lower jacket section 21a, 21b extends in an arc shape between two adjacent inlets 16.
  • the lower jacket sections 21a (as shown in the left half of FIG. 6) can be connected to the inlets 16.
  • the lower jacket sections 21a are the adjacent cylinders connected together.
  • the channel 22 for connection to the water jacket 14 of the crankcase 13 is formed by an opening 25 in the cylinder head gasket 11.
  • the dimensions of the openings 25 and the openings 15 in the area of the feed lines 16 determine the flow conditions in the cylinder head in relation to one another.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

A crossways running level (8) separates an oil-conducting area (9) from a water-conducting area (10) beneath it, which via conduits issuing in the flange surface (12) of the crankcase is fed with coolant. The water-conducting area extends at least partly into the area of the outlet channels (4,5). The outlet channels are enclosed by a water-conducting cover (19). This cover is fed via at least one channel, which issues in the flange surface of the crankcase, directly from the crankcase with coolant. The channel is extended into the upper cover section (24).

Description

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Zylinderkopf für eine wassergekühlte, mehrzylindrige Brennkraftmaschine nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruches.The invention relates to a cylinder head for a water-cooled, multi-cylinder internal combustion engine according to the preamble of the main claim.

Aus der EP 0 627 547 A1 ist der Zylinderkopf einer mehrzylindrigen Brennkraftmaschine bekannt, bei dem die dem Gaswechsel dienenden Ein- und Auslaßkanäle nach dem Gegenstromprinzip angeordnet sind, d.h., die Kanäle münden in einander gegenüberliegende, den Zylinderkopf seitlich begrenzende Wände. Solche Querstrom-Zylinderköpfe bieten gegenüber sogenannten Gleichstrom-Zylinderköpfen Vorteile bezüglich der Anbringung des Auspuffkrümmers und der Saugrohre, da gleichartige Kanäle jeweils auf einer gemeinsamen Seite münden. Zur Kühlung des Zylinderkopfes dienen eingegossene Wasserkanäle, die das Kühlwasser im wesentlichen in Längsrichtung der Brennkraftmaschine führen. Dieser wasserführende Bereich ist über Zuführungen, die in die Flanschflächen zum Kurbelgehäuse münden, mit diesem verbunden. Bei Ausführung des Kurbelgehäuses in Open-Deck-Bauweise erfolgt die Einspeisung des Kühlmittels aus dem im Kurbelgehäuse geführten Wassermantel. Problematisch bei derartigen Zylinderköpfen ist die Kühlung im Bereich der Auslaßkanäle. Die thermische Beanspruchung des Zylinderkopfes in diesem Bereich ist aufgrund der im ausströmenden Gas vorherrschenden Temperaturen besonders kritisch. In der EP 0 627 547 A1 sind Kühlwasserbereiche angedeutet, die sich oberhalb und unterhalb des Auslaßkanales erstrecken. Es ist jedoch nicht ersichtlich, ob und wie diese an den mittleren, den Hauptstrom führenden Kühlwasserbereich angebunden sind. Weiterhin ist nicht zu erkennen, wie eine ausreichende Kühlwasserzirkulation insbesondere im Bereich der Auslaßkanäle gewährleistet sein soll.From EP 0 627 547 A1 the cylinder head of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine is known, in which the inlet and outlet ducts serving for gas exchange are arranged according to the countercurrent principle, i.e. the ducts open into mutually opposite walls that laterally delimit the cylinder head. Such cross-flow cylinder heads offer advantages over so-called direct-current cylinder heads with regard to the attachment of the exhaust manifold and the intake manifolds, since ducts of the same type each open on a common side. For cooling the cylinder head are cast water channels that guide the cooling water essentially in the longitudinal direction of the internal combustion engine. This water-carrying area is connected to the crankcase via feeds which open into the flange surfaces. When the crankcase is designed as an open deck, the coolant is fed in from the water jacket in the crankcase. Cooling in the area of the exhaust ports is problematic with such cylinder heads. The thermal stress on the cylinder head in this area is particularly critical due to the temperatures prevailing in the outflowing gas. EP 0 627 547 A1 indicates cooling water areas which extend above and below the outlet channel. However, it is not clear whether and how these are connected to the central cooling water area which carries the main flow. Furthermore, it cannot be seen how adequate cooling water circulation should be ensured, in particular in the area of the outlet channels.

Aus der DE 40 36 810 C1 ist weiterhin ein Zylinderkopf bekannt, bei dem die Einlaß- und Auslaßkanäle nach dem Gleichstromprinzip angeordnet sind. Dabei erstrecken sich Teile des wasserführenden Bereiches oberhalb und unterhalb der Kanäle. Insbesondere der oberhalb der Kanäle geführte Teilbereich führt dabei Kühlwasser, das sich teilweise schon stärker erwärmt hat, so daß sich auch hier eine ausreichende Kühlung nicht sicher ergibt.From DE 40 36 810 C1 a cylinder head is also known in which the inlet and outlet channels are arranged according to the direct current principle. Parts of the water-bearing area extend above and below the channels. In particular, the sub-area led above the channels leads Cooling water, which has already warmed up to some extent, so that adequate cooling is not guaranteed here either.

Demgegenüber ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen Zylinderkopf für eine wassergekühlte, mehrzylindrige Brennkraftmaschine nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruches so zu verbessern, daß eine wirksame und ausreichende Kühlung des Zylinderkopfes im Bereich der Auslaßkanäle sichergestellt ist.In contrast, it is an object of the invention to improve a cylinder head for a water-cooled, multi-cylinder internal combustion engine according to the preamble of the main claim so that an effective and sufficient cooling of the cylinder head is ensured in the area of the exhaust ports.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruches gelöst. Durch Ausbildung eines wasserführenden Mantels, der die Auslaßkanäle umgibt, und Einspeisung von Kühlmittel in diesen Mantel direkt von der Flanschfläche zum Kurbelgehäuse und damit direkt vom Kurbelgehäuse ist eine ausreichende Durchspülung dieses Kühlwasserbereiches möglich. Eine gezielte Wärmeabfuhr aus diesem Bereich ist damit möglich. Die direkte Einspeisung von Kühlmittel aus dem Kurbelgehäuse verhindert das vorherige Aufheizen des Kühlmittels an heißen Stellen des Zylinderkopfes, insbesondere im Bereich des Brennraumdaches. Damit ist eine wirkungsvolle Absenkung der Kühlmitteltemperatur im Bereich der Auslaßkanäle gegenüber der Einspeisung des Kühlmittels von der Mitte des Zylinderkopfes her gegeben.This object is achieved with the characterizing features of the main claim. By forming a water-carrying jacket that surrounds the outlet channels and feeding coolant into this jacket directly from the flange surface to the crankcase and thus directly from the crankcase, this cooling water area can be sufficiently flushed out. This enables targeted heat dissipation from this area. The direct supply of coolant from the crankcase prevents the coolant from heating up beforehand at hot points in the cylinder head, in particular in the area of the combustion chamber roof. This provides an effective lowering of the coolant temperature in the area of the outlet ducts compared to the coolant feed from the center of the cylinder head.

Die Versorgung des wasserführenden Mantels, der die Auslaßkanäle umgibt, ist auf besonders einfache Weise möglich, wenn der untere Mantelbereich über einen direkten Kanal mit der Flanschfläche zum Kurbelgehäuse verbunden ist. Dieser Kanal kann auf vorteilhafte Weise als von der Flanschfläche her zugängliche Bohrung ausgeführt werden.The supply of the water-carrying jacket, which surrounds the outlet channels, is possible in a particularly simple manner if the lower jacket region is connected to the flange surface to the crankcase via a direct channel. This channel can advantageously be designed as a bore accessible from the flange surface.

In Abhängigkeit von der Geometrie des Auslaßkanales kann es vorteilhaft sein, wenn der Kanal zwischen Flanschfläche und unterem Mantelbereich bis in den oberen Mantelbereich verlängert wird. Damit ist auch für den oberen Mantelbereich eine nahezu direkte Verbindung zum wasserführenden Teil des Kurbelgehäuses möglich. Entsprechend geringer ist die Kühlmitteltemperatur. Weiterhin wird damit eine ausreichende Zirkulation des Kühlmittels auch im oberen Mantelbereich gewährleistet.Depending on the geometry of the outlet channel, it can be advantageous if the channel between the flange surface and the lower jacket area is extended into the upper jacket area. An almost direct connection to the water-carrying part of the crankcase is thus also possible for the upper casing area. The coolant temperature is correspondingly lower. This also ensures that the coolant is sufficiently circulated in the upper jacket area.

Die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung eines wasserführenden Mantels im Bereich der Auslaßkanäle ist besonders vorteilhaft für Mehrventil-Zylinderköpfe, insbesondere Vierventil-Zylinderköpfe mit zwei Einlaß- und zwei Auslaßkanälen je Zylinder. Der die Flanschfläche und den Mantelbereich verbindende Kanal kann dabei fertigungstechnisch einfach und ohne große Beeinflussung des umgebenden Bereiches zwischen den Auslaßkanälen eines Zylinders geführt werden.The formation of a water-carrying jacket according to the invention in the area of the outlet channels is particularly advantageous for multi-valve cylinder heads, in particular four-valve cylinder heads with two inlet and two outlet channels per cylinder. The duct connecting the flange surface and the jacket region can be guided between the outlet ducts of a cylinder in a simple manner in terms of production technology and without greatly influencing the surrounding region.

Eine wirkungsvolle Kühlung des Zylinderkopfes im Bereich der Auslaßkanäle, insbesondere bei Mehrventilmotoren, wird erreicht, wenn die einem Zylinder zugeordneten Auslaßkanäle im Längsschnitt des Motors (parallel zu Kurbelwelle) ringförmig vom Mantel umschlossen werden. Dabei läßt sich dann über entsprechende Ausbildung der Querschnitte und/oder der Zuströmbedingungen eine zylinderselektiv bemessene Kühlmittelströmung einstellen. Eine derartige Variation der Zuströmquerschnitte ist besonders einfach möglich durch entsprechende Geometrie der in der Zylinderkopfdichtung vorgesehenen Kühlmittelöffnungen. Durch angepasste Abstufung dieser Öffnungen in der Zylinderkopfdichtung läßt sich ein gerichteter Kühlmittelstrom verwirklichen. Weiterhin ist dieser Kühlmittelstrom an die jeweilige thermische Beanspruchung des Zylinderkopfbereiches anzupassen.Effective cooling of the cylinder head in the area of the exhaust ports, in particular in the case of multi-valve engines, is achieved if the exhaust ports assigned to a cylinder are enclosed in a ring by the jacket in the longitudinal section of the engine (parallel to the crankshaft). In this case, a cylinder-selectively dimensioned coolant flow can then be set by appropriate design of the cross sections and / or the inflow conditions. Such a variation of the inflow cross-sections is possible in a particularly simple manner by appropriate geometry of the coolant openings provided in the cylinder head gasket. A directed coolant flow can be achieved by adapting these openings in the cylinder head gasket. Furthermore, this coolant flow has to be adapted to the respective thermal stress of the cylinder head area.

Verbesserungen im Aufbau und der Gestaltung der Gußformen und beim Ausformen des Rohlings lassen sich auf vorteilhafte Weise erzielen, wenn sich der untere Mantelabschnitt zumindest teilweise bis zur Flanschfläche zum Kurbelgehäuse erstreckt, und der Kanal durch einen Durchgang in der Zylinderkopfdichtung gebildet ist.Improvements in the construction and design of the molds and in the shaping of the blank can be achieved in an advantageous manner if the lower casing section extends at least partially up to the flange surface to the crankcase and the channel is formed by a passage in the cylinder head gasket.

Weitere Vorteile und vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der Beschreibung.Further advantages and advantageous developments of the invention result from the description.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung und Zeichnung näher erläutert. Letztere zeigt in

Fig. 1
eine schematische Draufsicht auf einen Zylinderkopf,
Fig. 2
einen Querschnitt durch den Zylinderkopf im Bereich zweier gegenüberliegender Ventile gemäß Linie II-II der Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
einen Querschnitt durch den Zylinderkopf im Stegbereich zwischen zwei Zylindern entlang der Linie III-III gemäß Fig. 1,
Fig. 4
einen Querschnitt durch den Zylinderkopf durch die Mitte eines Zylinders entlang der Linie IV-IV gemäß Fig. 1, und
Fig. 5
einen Längsschnitt durch den Zylinderkopf im Bereich der Auslaßkanäle entlang der Linie V-V gemäß Fig. 1,
Fig. 6
zwei Abwandlungen der Erfindung in einer schematischen Draufsicht auf den Zylinderkopf,
Fig. 7
einen Längsschnitt durch den Zylinderkopf im Bereich der Auslaßkanäle entlang der Linie VII-VII gemäß Fig. 6.
An embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail in the following description and drawing. The latter shows in
Fig. 1
a schematic plan view of a cylinder head,
Fig. 2
2 shows a cross section through the cylinder head in the region of two opposite valves according to line II-II of FIG. 1,
Fig. 3
2 shows a cross section through the cylinder head in the web area between two cylinders along the line III-III according to FIG. 1,
Fig. 4
a cross section through the cylinder head through the center of a cylinder along the line IV-IV of FIG. 1, and
Fig. 5
2 shows a longitudinal section through the cylinder head in the area of the exhaust ports along the line VV according to FIG. 1,
Fig. 6
two modifications of the invention in a schematic plan view of the cylinder head,
Fig. 7
6 shows a longitudinal section through the cylinder head in the area of the exhaust ports along the line VII-VII according to FIG. 6.

Die Erfindung ist nachfolgend ohne Beschränkung auf diese Ausführungsform am Beispiel eines Vierzylinder-Vierventil-Reihenmotors mit zwei Einlaß- und zwei Auslaßventilen je Zylinder beschrieben. Der Zylinderkopf 1 der Brennkraftmaschine weist je Zylinder 2 zwei dem Gaswechsel dienende Einlaßkanäle 3 und zwei Auslaßkanäle 4 auf, die in einen gemeinsamen Auslaßkanal 5 münden, auf. Sämtliche Einlaßkanäle 3 münden in eine den Zylinderkopf seitlich begrenzende Flanschfläche 6. Die Auslaßkanäle 5 münden an der gegenüberliegenden Längsseite in eine Flanschfläche 7. Der Zylinderkopf ist horizontal durch ein Deck 8 in einen oberen, ölführenden Bereich 9 und einen unteren, wasserführenden Bereich 10 unterteilt. Der Zylinderkopf 1 ist unter Zwischenlage einer Zylinderkopfdichtung 11 mit seiner Flanschseite 12 auf ein Kurbelgehäuse 13 in Open-Deck-Bauweise aufgesetzt. Der wasserführende Mantel 14 des Kurbelgehäuses 13 ist über Öffnungen 15 in der Zylinderkopfdichtung 11 mit Zuführungen 16 in den wasserführenden Bereich 10 des Zylinderkopfes 1 verbunden.The invention is described below without limitation to this embodiment using the example of a four-cylinder four-valve in-line engine with two intake and two exhaust valves per cylinder. The cylinder head 1 of the internal combustion engine has two inlet ducts 3 and two outlet ducts 4 serving for gas exchange and each opening 2, which open into a common outlet duct 5. All inlet ducts 3 open into a flange surface 6 that laterally delimits the cylinder head. The outlet ducts 5 open out into a flange surface 7 on the opposite long side. The cylinder head 1 is placed with the interposition of a cylinder head gasket 11 with its flange side 12 on a crankcase 13 in an open-deck construction. The water-carrying jacket 14 of the crankcase 13 is connected via openings 15 in the cylinder head gasket 11 to feeds 16 in the water-carrying region 10 of the cylinder head 1.

Der wasserführende Bereich 10 besteht im wesentlichen aus einem sich in Längsrichtung (parallel zur Kurbelwelle) des Zylinderkopfes erstreckenden Hohlraum 17, der mit einem Kühlwasseraustritt 18 verbunden ist. Im Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine strömt Kühlwasser durch die Zuführungen 16 in den wasserführenden Bereich 10 bzw. den Hohlraum 17 und durchströmt in Längsrichtung den Zylinderkopf 1 zum Kühlwasseraustritt 18. Gleichzeitig stellt sich zwischen den Zylindern eine Querströmung ein, die eine Kühlung der den Zylindern 2 zugeordneten Bereiche des Zylinderkopfes 1 bewirkt.The water-carrying area 10 essentially consists of a cavity 17 which extends in the longitudinal direction (parallel to the crankshaft) of the cylinder head and which is connected to a cooling water outlet 18. During operation of the internal combustion engine, cooling water flows through the feeds 16 into the water-carrying area 10 or the cavity 17 and flows through the cylinder head 1 to the cooling water outlet 18 in the longitudinal direction. At the same time, a transverse flow occurs between the cylinders, which cools the areas assigned to the cylinders 2 of the cylinder head 1 causes.

Vom Hohlraum 17 erstrecken sich wasserführende Mantelabschnitte 19, die einen ringförmigen Mantel 20 (Fig. 5) ausbilden, der die Auslaßkanäle 4, 5 eines jeden Zylinders 2 ringförmig umfaßt. Der untere Mantelabschnitt 21 ist über eine Bohrung 22 mit der Flanschfläche 12 des Zylinderkopfes 1 verbunden. Über eine Öffnung 15 in der Zylinderkopfdichtung 11 steht die Bohrung 22 mit dem wasserführenden Mantel 14 im Kurbelgehäuse 13 in Verbindung. Die Bohrung 22 verläuft in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel im Steg 23 zwischen den beiden Auslaßkanälen 4 und ist bis in den oberen Mantelbereich 24 verlängert. Die Bohrung 22 bildet dabei einen kühlwasserführenden Kanal, der den Mantelbereich 19, 20 direkt mit dem Wassermantel 14 des Kurbelgehäuses 13 verbindet. Dadurch erfolgt eine Umspülung der Auslaßkanäle 4, 5 direkt aus dem kühleren Wassermantel, ohne daß es vorher zu einer Erwärmung an heißen Stellen im Zylinderkopf kommt.Extending from the cavity 17 are water-carrying jacket sections 19, which form an annular jacket 20 (FIG. 5) which surrounds the outlet channels 4, 5 of each cylinder 2 in an annular manner. The lower jacket section 21 is connected to the flange surface 12 of the cylinder head 1 via a bore 22. Via an opening 15 in the cylinder head gasket 11, the bore 22 communicates with the water-carrying jacket 14 in the crankcase 13. In this exemplary embodiment, the bore 22 runs in the web 23 between the two outlet channels 4 and is extended into the upper jacket region 24. The bore 22 forms a cooling water-carrying channel, which connects the jacket area 19, 20 directly to the water jacket 14 of the crankcase 13. As a result, the exhaust ports 4, 5 are rinsed directly from the cooler water jacket without heating up in hot spots in the cylinder head beforehand.

In den Figuren 6 und 7 sind zwei Abwandlungen des erfindungsgemäßen Zylinderkopfes dargestellt, bei denen der untere Mantelabschnitt zur Flanschfläche hin geöffnet ist. Damit ist eine bessere Zugänglichkeit dieses unteren Mantelabschnittes beim Formvorgang gewährleistet. Der untere Mantelabschnitt 21a, 21b ist in den Abwandlungen nicht als umschlossenes Ringelement sondern als nach unten offene Ausnehmung ausgebildet ist (Fig.7). Dieser untere Mantelabschnitt 21a, 21b erstreckt sich bogenförmig zwischen zwei benachbarten Zuführungen 16. Dabei können die unteren Mantelabschnitte 21a (wie in der linken Bildhälfte der Fig. 6 dargestellt) mit den Zuführungen 16 verbunden sein. Dadurch sind die unteren Mantelabschnitte 21a der benachbarten Zylinder miteinander verbunden. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, die unteren Mantelabschnitte 21b (rechte Bildhälfte der Fig. 6) nicht mit den Zuführungen 16 zu verbinden, so daß keine direkte Verbindung besteht.FIGS. 6 and 7 show two modifications of the cylinder head according to the invention, in which the lower jacket section is open towards the flange surface. This ensures better accessibility of this lower jacket section during the molding process. The lower casing section 21a, 21b in the modifications is not designed as an enclosed ring element but as a downwardly open recess (FIG. 7). This lower jacket section 21a, 21b extends in an arc shape between two adjacent inlets 16. The lower jacket sections 21a (as shown in the left half of FIG. 6) can be connected to the inlets 16. As a result, the lower jacket sections 21a are the adjacent cylinders connected together. However, it is also possible not to connect the lower jacket sections 21b (right half of FIG. 6) to the feeds 16, so that there is no direct connection.

Der Kanal 22 zur Verbindung mit dem Wassermantel 14 des Kurbelgehäuses 13 wird durch eine Öffnung 25 in der Zylinderkopfdichtung 11 gebildet. Die Abmessungen der Öffnungen 25 und der Öffnungen 15 im Bereich der Zuführungen 16 bestimmen im Verhältnis zueinander die Strömungsverhältnisse im Zylinderkopf.The channel 22 for connection to the water jacket 14 of the crankcase 13 is formed by an opening 25 in the cylinder head gasket 11. The dimensions of the openings 25 and the openings 15 in the area of the feed lines 16 determine the flow conditions in the cylinder head in relation to one another.

Claims (8)

Zylinderkopf für eine wassergekühlte, mehrzylindrige Brennkraftmaschine, dessen dem Gaswechsel dienende Einlaß- und Auslaßkanäle (3, 4) in einander gegenüberliegende, den Zylinderkopf seitlich eingrenzende Flanschflächen (6, 7) münden, mit einem quer verlaufenden Deck (8), welches einen ölführenden Bereich (9) von einem darunter liegenden wasserführenden Bereich (10) trennt, der über in die Flanschfläche (12) zum Kurbelgehäuse (13) mündende Zuführungen (16) mit Kühlmittel versorgt wird, wobei sich der wasserführende Bereich zumindest teilweise in den Bereich der Auslaßkanäle (4, 5) erstreckt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Auslaßkanäle von einem wasserführenden Mantel (19, 20) umgeben sind, und daß der Mantel über mindestens einen Kanal (22), der in die Flanschfläche (12) zum Kurbelgehäuse (13) mündet, direkt vom Kurbelgehäuse her mit Kühlmittel versorgt wird.Cylinder head for a water-cooled, multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, the inlet and outlet ducts (3, 4) of which serve for the gas exchange open into mutually opposite flange surfaces (6, 7) which laterally delimit the cylinder head, with a transversely extending deck (8) which has an oil-carrying area (9) separates from an underlying water-carrying area (10), which is supplied with coolant via inlets (16) opening into the flange surface (12) to the crankcase (13), the water-carrying area at least partially extending into the area of the outlet channels ( 4, 5), characterized in that the outlet channels are surrounded by a water-carrying jacket (19, 20) and that the jacket has at least one channel (22) which opens into the flange surface (12) to the crankcase (13), coolant is supplied directly from the crankcase. Zylinderkopf nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Mantel (19, 20) einen oberhalb des Auslaßkanals (4, 5) befindlichen oberen Mantelabschnitt (24) und einen unterhalb des Auslaßkanals befindlichen unteren Mantelabschnitt (21) aufweist, und daß der Kanal (22) in den unteren Mantelabschnitt mündet.Cylinder head according to Claim 1, characterized in that the casing (19, 20) has an upper casing section (24) located above the exhaust duct (4, 5) and a lower casing section (21) located below the exhaust duct, and in that the duct (22 ) opens into the lower section of the jacket. Zylinderkopf nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kanal (22) bis in den oberen Mantelabschnitt (24) verlängert ist.Cylinder head according to claim 2, characterized in that the channel (22) is extended into the upper casing section (24). Zylinderkopf nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Mantel (19, 20) einen oberhalb des Auslaßkanals (4, 5) befindlichen oberen Mantelabschnitt (24) und einen unterhalb des Auslaßkanals befindlichen unteren Mantelabschnitt (21a, 21b) aufweist, daß der untere Mantelabschnitt zur Flanschfläche (12) geöffnet ist, und daß der Kanal (22) als Öffnung (25) in einer zwischen Zylinderkopf (1) und Kurbelgehäuse (13) angeordneten Zylinderkopfdichtung (11) ausgebildet ist.Cylinder head according to claim 1, characterized in that the casing (19, 20) has an upper casing section (24) located above the exhaust duct (4, 5) and a lower casing section (21a, 21b) located below the exhaust duct, that the lower casing section to the flange surface (12) is open, and that the channel (22) is designed as an opening (25) in a cylinder head gasket (11) arranged between the cylinder head (1) and the crankcase (13). Zylinderkopf nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der offene Bereich des unteren Mantelabschnittes (21a, 21b) sich zwischen zwei Zuführungen (16) erstreckt.Cylinder head according to claim 4, characterized in that the open area of the lower casing section (21a, 21b) extends between two inlets (16). Zylinderkopf nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der untere Mantelabschnitt (21a) mit mindestens einer der Zuführungen (16) verbunden ist.Cylinder head according to claim 5, characterized in that the lower casing section (21a) is connected to at least one of the feeds (16). Zylinderkopf nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß je Zylinder (21) zwei zumindest teilweise getrennt geführte Auslaßkanäle (4) ausgebildet sind, und daß der Kanal (22) zwischen den beiden Auslaßkanälen (4) geführt ist.Cylinder head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two outlet channels (4), which are guided at least partially separately, are formed for each cylinder (21), and in that the channel (22) is guided between the two outlet channels (4). Zylinderkopf nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Mantel (19, 20) die einem Zylinder (2) zugeordneten Auslaßkanäle (4, 5) ringförmig umfaßt.Cylinder head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the jacket (19, 20) surrounds the exhaust ports (4, 5) associated with a cylinder (2) in a ring.
EP19950107782 1995-05-22 1995-05-22 Cylinder head for liquid cooled multicylinder internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP0744542B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE59506588T DE59506588D1 (en) 1995-05-22 1995-05-22 Cylinder head for a water-cooled, multi-cylinder internal combustion engine
EP19950107782 EP0744542B1 (en) 1995-05-22 1995-05-22 Cylinder head for liquid cooled multicylinder internal combustion engine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19950107782 EP0744542B1 (en) 1995-05-22 1995-05-22 Cylinder head for liquid cooled multicylinder internal combustion engine

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EP0744542A1 true EP0744542A1 (en) 1996-11-27
EP0744542B1 EP0744542B1 (en) 1999-08-11

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006094818A1 (en) * 2005-03-11 2006-09-14 Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2305475A (en) * 1941-08-28 1942-12-15 Joseph W Jagersberger Casting with integral spray jets
DE1957461A1 (en) * 1969-11-15 1971-05-19 Sueddeutsche Bremsen Ag Cylinder head for water-cooled internal combustion engines
EP0088157A1 (en) * 1982-03-09 1983-09-14 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft Cylinder head for a water-cooled internal-combustion engine
EP0422276A1 (en) * 1988-05-30 1991-04-17 Yamaha Motor Co., Ltd. Cylinder head cooling for multiple valve engine
DE4036810C1 (en) 1990-11-19 1991-12-05 Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag, 7000 Stuttgart, De
DE4116943C1 (en) * 1991-05-24 1992-06-17 Mercedes-Benz Aktiengesellschaft, 7000 Stuttgart, De Liq. cooled IC engine four-valve cylinder head - whose bottom is thickened on outlet side down to outlet ducts
EP0627547A1 (en) 1993-06-03 1994-12-07 Adam Opel Ag Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine with controlled valve motion

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2305475A (en) * 1941-08-28 1942-12-15 Joseph W Jagersberger Casting with integral spray jets
DE1957461A1 (en) * 1969-11-15 1971-05-19 Sueddeutsche Bremsen Ag Cylinder head for water-cooled internal combustion engines
EP0088157A1 (en) * 1982-03-09 1983-09-14 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft Cylinder head for a water-cooled internal-combustion engine
EP0422276A1 (en) * 1988-05-30 1991-04-17 Yamaha Motor Co., Ltd. Cylinder head cooling for multiple valve engine
DE4036810C1 (en) 1990-11-19 1991-12-05 Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag, 7000 Stuttgart, De
DE4116943C1 (en) * 1991-05-24 1992-06-17 Mercedes-Benz Aktiengesellschaft, 7000 Stuttgart, De Liq. cooled IC engine four-valve cylinder head - whose bottom is thickened on outlet side down to outlet ducts
EP0627547A1 (en) 1993-06-03 1994-12-07 Adam Opel Ag Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine with controlled valve motion

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006094818A1 (en) * 2005-03-11 2006-09-14 Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine

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DE59506588D1 (en) 1999-09-16
EP0744542B1 (en) 1999-08-11

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