EP0733738B1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un support de rail de chemin de fer, et support susceptible d'être obtenu par la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé - Google Patents
Procédé de fabrication d'un support de rail de chemin de fer, et support susceptible d'être obtenu par la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0733738B1 EP0733738B1 EP96400568A EP96400568A EP0733738B1 EP 0733738 B1 EP0733738 B1 EP 0733738B1 EP 96400568 A EP96400568 A EP 96400568A EP 96400568 A EP96400568 A EP 96400568A EP 0733738 B1 EP0733738 B1 EP 0733738B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gravel
- concrete
- face
- block
- prefabricated plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
- E01B1/001—Track with ballast
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B19/00—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon
- B28B19/0046—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon to plastics
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B3/00—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails
- E01B3/46—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from different materials
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B2204/00—Characteristics of the track and its foundations
- E01B2204/01—Elastic layers other than rail-pads, e.g. sleeper-shoes, bituconcrete
Definitions
- a sole of a viscoelastic material suitably chosen, such as a dense and hard polyurethane, between the single concrete block of a monobloc sleeper or each block of concrete from a bi-block sleeper, or any concrete block from any rail support railroad, and ballast avoids the attrition of concrete and ballast as well as the compaction thereof, as well as dissipating the energy vibration generated by rolling loads, that is to say in particular of reduce noise when passing a train.
- EP-A-0 465 390 proposes to fix such a sole to the or to each concrete block of a sleeper or any other rail support, by proposing different modes of joining, namely a projection or a casting of the visco-elastic material on the concrete, an integration of prefabricated plates of visco-elastic material to concrete, during the manufacturing the rail support, such as a cross member, by molding at least a concrete block, or by bonding such prefabricated plates on concrete, by any suitable adhesive.
- the object of the present invention is to improve the binding a visco-elastic sole prefabricated to the concrete of a support block of rail such as a cross member, so as to improve the homogeneity and the effectiveness of fixing the footing to concrete while retaining the advantages of speed of implementation and uniformity of thickness of the sole, resulting from its direct integration into concrete molding and the prefabrication thereof.
- the present invention also provides a support railway rail, such as a sleeper, having at least one block of concrete having in particular an upper face intended to receive at least one rail and one lower face intended to ensure the support of the block on a substrate, such as a ballast, and a sole made of visco-elastic material integrally covering this underside and intended to serve support intermediary between the block and the substrate, characterized in that concrete chippings, regularly distributed on one side of the footing facing the underside of the block, are directly and individually secured with the visco-elastic material of the sole.
- the distribution regular gravel of the gravel face of the prefabricated plate ensures a distributed anchoring of the sole in the concrete, that is to say to fix the sole as homogeneously as possible to the concrete.
- this fixing can be made much more resistant, in particular to shear forces, that a secure fixation by simple localized mutual embedding, on the one hand because it works the specific characteristics of the gravel and on the other hand due to the distribution of shear forces, resulting from the distribution of gravel.
- the imprint area corresponding to the underside of the block of concrete to be produced can be defined by a wall defining the footprint, in which case the prefabricated plate is placed against this wall, during step b), before pouring the concrete into the cavity.
- step b) is implemented by first filling the concrete footprint to constitute the underside of the block by the free surface of the concrete and then applying on it, before setting concrete, the gravel side of the prefabricated plate in operating conditions capable of causing the integration of gravel from the face graveled with concrete.
- This smoothing is advantageously carried out by tamping, that is to say by application of pressure and preferably vibration, which have effect of causing a rise in the laitance of the concrete.
- a railroad rail support according to the invention is characterized in that the sole has dimensions, in plan, smaller than those of the lower face of the block.
- the mechanical resistance of the sole is improved by integrating, during step a), a reinforcement with visco-elastic material of the prefabricated plate, the rail support according to the invention then being characterized in that the visco-elastic material of the sole includes such a frame.
- this reinforcement defines meshes of dimensions smaller than the particle size of the gravel of the prefabricated plate, that is to say chippings attached to the sole, which facilitates the implementation work of step a) according to a method consisting in fixing the gravel to the plate by partially integrating them into the visco-elastic material, this which makes the support according to the invention then characterized in that the pebbles attached to the sole protrude from the underside of the block and are partially integrated into the visco-elastic material of the sole.
- the gravel of the prefabricated plate form therefrom a projection with a height of on the order of 50% to 95% of their height, measured perpendicular to the gravel face, so that the gravel attached to the sole is integrated into the visco-elastic material thereof over a height of the order from 5% to 50% of their height, measured perpendicular to the face bottom of the block.
- step a it is advantageously prefabricated plate, during step a), by melting, forming and solidifying the material visco-elastic, chosen hot-melt, and we partially integrate the gravel in the visco-elastic material by sowing them on it between forming and solidification.
- the sole includes a frame, and if this reinforcement defines meshes of dimensions lower than the grading of the gravel of the prefabricated plate, this reinforcement is opposed to the gravel thus sown between forming and solidification of the visco-elastic material pass through this material up to reach the face of the prefabricated plate intended to constitute the face support of the sole on the ballast, and thus preserves the homogeneity of this bearing face on the ballast.
- the gravel of the prefabricated plate that is to say the gravel attached to the sole
- the gravel of the prefabricated plate have the same nature and the same grain size than those of concrete, and leave between them spaces whose dimensions correspond as much as possible to their grain size, which on the one hand facilitates the insertion of gravel from the prefabricated plate between those of the concrete intended to constitute the block during of the pouring of this concrete and on the other hand ensures homogeneity of the distribution of gravel in concrete to the immediate vicinity of the sole.
- the gravel of the prefabricated plate that is to say the gravel attached to the sole, cover from 80% to 95% of the gravel side of the prefabricated plate, i.e. still from the side bottom of the block.
- any other support rail comprising at least one concrete block, namely in particular the bi-block sleepers, comprising two reinforced concrete blocks connected by a spacer, the switchgear supports, the blocks intended for receive a rail individually, and it will bring to the arrangements that are going be described the modifications necessary in each case, without going out to as much of the scope of the present invention.
- a monobloc cross member 1 made of prestressed reinforced concrete, has the general shape of a block 2 of concrete, elongated in a direction longitudinal 3 perpendicular to the rail 4 to be supported.
- block 2 is delimited by a lower face plane 6, longitudinal, parallel to the rolling plane 7 of the rails, this lower face 6 being embedded in the ballast 5 and resting on it, flat, by means of a sole 8 of a chosen visco-elastic material for example in accordance with the teachings of EP-A-0 465 390, and a upper face 9 which is essentially flat and parallel to the face lower 6 in the example illustrated but could present other conformations, and receives the two rails 4 directly or, as it is illustrated, via saddles 10, with elastic fixing of the rails 4 by means 11 not detailed and well known to a person skilled in the art.
- the block 2 is also delimited by two flat longitudinal faces 12 connecting the lower face 6 to the lower face 9 by converging from the first to the second, so as to communicate to the block 2 a cross section in the form of an isosceles trapezoid, and in pairs transverse end faces 13 also flat, also connecting the lower face 6 to the upper face 9 and further connecting mutually the two longitudinal faces 12, these two faces 13 being approximately transverse and converging mutually from the face lower 6 towards the lower face 9 so that when viewed in section through a longitudinal plane perpendicular to these faces 6 and 9, the crosspiece also has a section essentially in the form of isosceles trapezoid.
- the sole 8 presents in contact, flat, with the lower face 6 of the block 2 a flat upper face 14 integral with this lower face 6 while it presents downwards, that is to say in contact with the ballast 5, a lower face 15 also planar, parallel to the upper face 14 and close enough to it that the sole 8, considered in isolation, has the form of a plate with a thickness of the order of 3 to 10 mm, preferably around 4 mm, these figures only being indicated as a nonlimiting example.
- the two faces 14 and 15 are connected mutually by a song 16 which is perpendicular to them and their communicates a rectangular shape which can be identical to that of the lower face 6 of block 2, that is to say in particular having the same dimensions as this lower face 6 so that the sole 8 fully covers the latter, in a manner known per se, or be approximately identical to that of the underside 6, and more precisely present dimensions of a few millimeters to those of this underside 6 so that the sole 8 covers practically the whole of it, leaving however remain a free peripheral zone 17 whose presence facilitates the manufacture of the assembly integral with block 2 and sole 8 in accordance with the present invention, as will appear below, and whose direct contact with ballast 5 presents little disadvantage in the since this zone 17 is limited to the immediate vicinity of the connection of the lower face 6 with the longitudinal faces 12 and the transverse end faces 13.
- the plate constituting the sole 8 is prefabricated before being integrated into the concrete constituting block 2, at the manufacturing of it, but a specific method of prefabrication, constituting a preferred embodiment of the present invention, will now be described with reference to FIG. 3, as regards the prefabrication process, and Figure 4 with regard to the plate prefabricated obtained, intended to constitute the sole 8.
- FIG. 3 shows that a plate 18 is initially manufactured having a lower face 19 and an upper face 20 flat, mutually parallel, separated by a thickness e corresponding to the thickness e of the sole 8 measured between its upper face 14 and its face lower 15, with plan dimensions which may be those of the sole 8 to be produced, or even to be much higher for correspond to the soles 8 of several sleepers 1, in which case cuts the plate 18 at any time preceding its integration, as sole 8, into the concrete constituting the block 2 of each cross member, respectively.
- the plate 18 thus produced has dimensions in plan corresponding to several soles 8, it is then cut into a certain number of elementary plates each of which has the dimensions required to constitute a respective sole 8, as will be understood easily a skilled person. For reasons of simplicity, we will subsequently keep the same reference number 18 to designate a plate made directly to the dimensions of a sole 8 determined or a plate obtained by cutting a plate 18 corresponding to several soles 8.
- a plate 18 thus defined, having dimensions corresponding to those of a sole 8, is integrated into the concrete constituting the block 2 of a cross member 1 to be produced, to constitute the sole 8 thereof, under operating conditions which will now be described, in reference to Figures 6 to 10.
- flank 33 and end 34 faces, connecting in pairs, thus connect the bottom 32 to a flat, horizontal upper face 35 of the mold 29, at the level of which these flank 33 and end 34 faces define a fully open filling opening 36, rectangular like the underside 6 of the block 2 to be produced and having dimensions slightly larger than those of this face 6.
- the mold 29 has means, not detailed, for temporarily stretching between the faces end 34 of the prestressing armatures 37 of the block 2 in compression, and may have various provisions, in particular at bottom level 32, for possibly receiving organs to be integrated to the concrete of block 2 with a view to fixing the saddles 10, in the form of inserted dowels or studs, not shown but well known of a skilled person.
- the reinforcements 37 having been put in tension inside the imprint 31 and the other frames of block 2 to be produced having been placed also in place in this imprint 31, as well as any organ to integrate into the concrete in particular for fixing the saddles 10, we sink in the footprint 31 the concrete 38 intended to constitute the block 2, making vibrate the vibrating table 30 under the usual operating conditions, as shown in Figure 6.
- the footprint 31 is thus substantially filled with concrete 38 which, at the end of this filling, presents a free surface upwards 39 approximately flat and approximately level with the face upper 35 of the mold 29, in the filling opening 36, as it spring of FIG. 7 which illustrates a next phase of the manufacture of the block 2.
- This phase consists in grooming the free surface 39 in particular for the make it smooth and flat, that is to say give it the conformation of the face lower 6 of block 2 that it is intended to constitute.
- Concrete 38, at the interior of the imprint 31 then has the shape of the block 2 to be produced.
- This damage also has the effect of causing, if possible taking into account the composition of concrete 38, a rise in milt at the level of the surface 39, this possible rise in milt being used according to one preferred embodiments of the present invention to provide the subsequent anchoring of the plate 18 by its gravelled face 20.
- tamping is accompanied by vibrations communicated by the vibrating table 30 and is carried out by means of a lady 40 having the general shape of a rigid plate comprising a face lower plane 41 of tamping, horizontal and having a shape rectangular plane, corresponding to that of face 6 to be produced, so as to be able to be moved towards the inside of the impression 31 by applying pressure on the face 39 until occupying with respect to the bottom 32 of the imprint 31 a position identical to that of the underside 6 of the block 2 with respect to the upper face 9 thereof.
- Plate 40 is stiffened for example by a beam 42 which doubles it upwards, and which ensures the connection of this plate 40 to means, simply shown schematically by a vertical double arrow 43, of lifting relative to the mold 29, to clear the filling opening 36, and the descent to this mold 29, that is to say towards the inside of the imprint 31, to effect tamping the free surface 39 of concrete 38 with the application of a pressure to it.
- a next step, illustrated in Figure 8, is itself characteristic of the implementation of the present invention and consists in deposit on the groomed free surface 39 of the concrete 38 the plate 18 of which turns the gravel side 20 downwards so that this side gravelled 20 essentially covers the free surface 39 of concrete 38, in a position substantially identical to that which the sole 8 must occupy with respect to the lower face 6 of block 2. Naturally, this deposition takes place while the tamping plate 40 is lifted.
- gravels 44 of concrete 38 are inserted in the spaces free 28 between the gravel 27 during this phase of penetration of these last in concrete 38, as shown in Figure 5 illustrating the crosspiece 1 finished, in position of use, so that the gravel 27 are embedded in concrete 38 under the same conditions as gravel 44, and the identity of nature between the gravel 27 and the gravel 44 ensures homogeneity of concrete 38 until contact with the gravel face 20 of plate 18. It is understood, however, that concrete 38 can in addition to containing gravel with a grain size greater than that of chippings 44, in a manner known per se.
- the continuity between the gravel 44 and 27 is ensured by the only laitance raised during the tamping illustrated in Figure 7, or by the filler material deposited on the free surface 39 between the steps illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8 in the case where the quantity of laitance thus available would be insufficient; excess any laitance or filler material can drain upwards around the plate 18, taking into account the aforementioned dimensioning thereof.
- the preferred choice, for the plate 18 intended for constitute the sole 8, of plan dimensions slightly smaller than those of the lower face 6 of the block 2 to be produced, that is to say those of the free surface 39 of concrete 38 inside the cavity 31, facilitates also the evacuation of air which could tend to remain trapped between the plate 18 and the concrete 38, that is to say allows to obtain a contact as intimate as possible between the concrete 38, on the one hand, the gravel 27 and, by the free spaces 28 between them, the face 20 of the plate 18, on the other hand.
- the lady 40 is lifted and the vibration stopped, and the mold 29 is detached from the vibrating table 30 to transport it to an intermediate storage area or, as illustrated in figure 10, towards an oven to authorize or cause the setting concrete 38.
- the molds 29 are preferably turned over, that is to say rest by their face 35 on a horizontal support, plane 45, so that the concrete 38 rests on it support 45 by means of the gravelled plate 18 and contributes, by its own weight, to preserve the integration of the gravel 27 thereof to concrete 38; however, it is not beyond the scope of this invention by leaving the face 35 of the molds facing upward during the concrete setting 38.
- a cross member 1 according to the invention including in particular the lower face 6 is constituted by the surface 39, initially free, of the concrete 38 now constituting block 2 and the sole 8 of which is constituted by the plate 18, the gravel face 20 of which constitutes the upper face 14 and whose other face 19 constitutes the lower face 15.
- the gravel 27, embedded both in the visco-elastic material now constituting the sole 8 and in concrete 38 now constituting block 2, provide a link regularly distributed between the sole 8 and the block 2, so particularly effective, covering the same proportion of the face lower 6 of block 2 than of the upper face 14 of the sole 8, namely in the range of 80% to 95% in the preferred implementation example previously indicated.
- the molding imprint 31 is shaped so as to carry out the molding of the crosspiece not in an inverted position of this one but in another position, in which case one could be brought to place the plate 18 in this cavity 31 before pouring the concrete 38 into it, the gravelled plate 18 being naturally placed in the area of the imprint 31 intended to produce the lower face 6 of the block 2 of concrete and having its gravel face 20 towards the inside of the imprint 31.
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- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
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- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Description
- lors de l'étape a), on fixe à une face de la plaque, destinée à être tournée vers le bloc, des gravillons similaires à ceux du béton de telle sorte que ces gravillons forment une saillie sur la face ainsi gravillonnée et soient régulièrement répartis sur celle-ci, et
- lors de l'étape b), on dispose la plaque préfabriquée, par rapport à l'empreinte, de telle sorte que la face gravillonnée coïncide avec une zone de l'empreinte correspondant à la face inférieure du bloc et soit tournée vers l'intérieur de l'empreinte, et que les gravillons de la face gravillonnée s'intègrent ainsi au béton.
- Les figures 1 et 2 montrent des vues d'une traverse selon l'invention, partiellement encastrée dans du ballast et portant deux rails, respectivement suivant la direction des rails et perpendiculairement à celle-ci.
- Les figures 3 et 4 illustrent deux phases successives de l'étape a) de préfabrication de la plaque en matériau visco-élastique présentant une face gravillonnée, en coupe par un plan courant perpendiculaire à cette face.
- La figure 5 illustre, en une vue analogue à celle des figures 3 et 4, l'intégration des gravillons de la plaque au béton armé constituant le bloc.
- Les figures 6 à 9 illustrent quatre phases successives de l'étape b) de fabrication de la traverse par moulage de béton avec intégration d'armatures et de la plaque en matériau visco-élastique, la traverse en cours de fabrication étant vue en bout comme c'est le cas à la figure 2.
- La figure 10 illustre l'une des phases de l'étape c) de prise du béton avant démoulage.
- La figure 11 indique une répartition granulométrique de gravillons ayant donné tout satisfaction pour le gravillonnage de la plaque en matériau visco-élastique et la charge du béton d'une traverse conforme à la présente invention, à titre d'exemple non limitatif.
- réaliser une première couche 21 de matériau visco-élastique à l'état fondu, cette première couche 21 définissant la face 19 et une partie, par exemple environ la moitié, de l'épaisseur e de la plaque 18 à partir de cette face 19;
- alors que le matériau visco-élastique de la première couche 21 est encore fluide, déposer sur cette première couche 21 une armature textile 22, par exemple tissée de façon à définir des mailles 23, notamment un voile de polyester à 80g/m2 ;
- déposer ensuite sur l'armature 22 une deuxième couche 24 de matériau visco-élastique en fusion, qui s'ancre sur la première couche 21 à travers l'armature 22 et constitue le reste de l'épaisseur e de la plaque 18, jusqu'à la face supérieure 20 de celle-ci ;
- alors que le matériau visco-élastique de la deuxième couche 24 est encore à l'état fluide, et que la face inférieure 19 de la plaque 18 repose à titre provisoire sur une face supérieure horizontale, plane 25 d'un support approprié 26, semer sur la face supérieure 20, tournée vers le haut, des gravillons 27 propres, c'est-à-dire dépoussiérés, de même nature et de même granulométrie que les gravillons utilisés pour le béton constitutif du bloc 2 à réaliser, lesquels gravillons 27 s'enfoncent partiellement dans la deuxième couche 24 sans atteindre la première couche 21 ; en effet, les mailles 23 de l'armature 22 présentent une dimension inférieure à la granulométrie des gravillons 27, qui ne peuvent la traverser et dont la pénétration dans la plaque 18 est donc limitée à la deuxième couche 24 de celle-ci ;
- autoriser ou provoquer la prise du matériau visco-élastique des couches 21 et 24, qui se solidarisent mutuellement à travers l'armature 22 et ancrent définitivement les gravillons 27 dans la plaque 18, dont la structure finale est illustrée à la figure 4.
- une face de fond 32 reproduisant, en négatif, la géométrie de la face 9 du bloc 2 à mouler et présentant une orientation générale horizontale,
- deux faces de flanc planes 33 occupant par rapport à la face de fond 32 la même position que les faces longitudinales 12 du bloc 2 à réaliser par rapport à la face supérieure 9 de celui-ci, c'est-à-dire notamment s'écartant mutuellement vers le haut, à partir de leur raccordement à la face de fond 32, de façon à donner à l'empreinte 31 une forme évasée, la dimension des deux faces de flanc 33 dans le sens de la hauteur étant sensiblement identique à la dimension correspondante des faces longitudinales 12 à réaliser,
- deux faces d'extrémité 34 occupant par rapport à la face de fond 32 et aux faces de flanc 33 une position respective identique à celle des faces d'extrémité transversale 13 du bloc 2 à réaliser par rapport à la face supérieure 9 et aux faces longitudinales 12 de celui-ci, respectivement, avec un dimensionnement dans le sens de la hauteur sensiblement identique à celui des faces d'extrémité transversale 13 et un écartement mutuel vers le haut, à partir du fond 32, propre à donner à l'empreinte 31 une forme évasée vers le haut.
Claims (26)
- Procédé de fabrication d'un support de rail (4) de chemin de fer, tel qu'une traverse (1), comportant au moins un bloc (2) de béton (38) présentant notamment une face supérieure (9) destinée à recevoir au moins un rail (4) et une face inférieure (6) destinée à assurer l'appui du bloc (2) sur un substrat (5), tel qu'un ballast (5), et une semelle (8) en matériau visco-élastique couvrant solidairement cette face inférieure (6) et destinée à servir d'intermédiaire d'appui entre le bloc (2) et le substrat (5), ledit procédé comportant la succession des étapes consistant à :a) préfabriquer une plaque (18) en matériau visco-élastique, aux dimensions de la semelle (8) à réaliser,b) fabriquer le bloc (2) par moulage de béton (38) dans une empreinte (31) en y intégrant la plaque préfabriquée (18) pour constituer la semelle (8), etc) autoriser ou provoquer la prise du béton (38) puis démouler le bloc (2), portant solidairement la semelle,lors de l'étape a), on fixe à une face (20) de la plaque (18), destinée à être tournée vers le bloc (2), des gravillons (27) similaires à ceux du béton (38) de telle sorte que ces gravillons (27) forment une saillie sur la face (20) ainsi gravillonnée et soient régulièrement répartis sur celle-ci, etlors de l'étape b), on dispose la plaque préfabriquée (18), par rapport à l'empreinte (31), de telle sorte que la face gravillonnée (20) coïncide avec une zone (36) de l'empreinte (31) correspondant à la face inférieure (6) du bloc (2) et soit tournée vers l'intérieur de l'empreinte (31), et que les gravillons (27) de la face gravillonnée (2) s'intègrent ainsi au béton (38).
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite zone (36) de l'empreinte (31) est ouverte et tournée vers le haut lors de l'étape b), et en ce que l'on met en oeuvre l'étape b) en emplissant d'abord l'empreinte (31) de béton (38) pour constituer la face inférieure (6) du bloc par la surface libre (39) du béton (38) et en appliquant ensuite sur celle-ci, avant la prise du béton (38), la face gravillonnée (20) de la plaque préfabriquée (18) dans des conditions opératoires propres à provoquer l'intégration des gravillons (27) de la face gravillonnée (20) au béton (38).
- Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'on lisse la surface libre (39) du béton avant d'y appliquer la face gravillonnée (20) de la plaque préfabriquée (18).
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 et 3, caractérisé en ce que l'on soumet le béton (38) à des conditions, notamment de pression et, de préférence, de vibration ayant pour effet de provoquer une remontée de laitance avant d'appliquer la face gravillonnée (20) de la plaque préfabriquée (18) sur sa surface libre (39), et en ce qu'on applique ensuite la face gravillonnée (20) de la plaque préfabriquée (18) sur la face libre (39) du béton (38) dans des conditions opératoires, notamment de pression et, de préférence, de vibration,telles qu'il en résulte un noyage des gravillons (27) de la face gravillonnée (20) dans la laitance et le comblement, par celle-ci, de l'espace intercalaire entre la surface libre (39) du béton (38) et la plaque préfabriquée (18) sans autre apport de matière à cet effet.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 et 3, caractérisé en ce que, entre le remplissage de l'empreinte (31) en béton (38) et l'application de la face gravillonnée (20) de la plaque préfabriquée (18) sur la surface libre (39) du béton (38), on apporte à celle-ci un complément d'un matériau constitutif du béton, à l'état fluide, choisi dans un groupe comportant notamment l'eau, le ciment pur et le ciment additionné de sable, et en ce que l'on applique ensuite la face gravillonnée (20) de la plaque préfabriquée (18) sur la surface libre (39) du béton (38) dans des conditions opératoires, notamment de pression et, de préférence, de vibration, telles qu'il en résulte l'intégration des gravillons (27) de la face gravillonnée (20) de la plaque préfabriquée (18) au matériau d'apport et le comblement, par ce dernier, de l'espace intercalaire entre la surface libre (39) du béton (38) et la plaque préfabriquée (18).
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la plaque préfabriquée (18) présente des dimensions, en plan, inférieures à celles de la surface libre (39) du béton (38).
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que, lors de l'étape a), on intègre une armature (22) au matériau visco-élastique de la plaque préfabriquée (18).
- Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'armature (22) définit des mailles (23) de dimensions inférieures à la granulométrie des gravillons (27) de la plaque préfabriquée (18).
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que, lors de l'étape a), on fixe les gravillons (27) à la plaque (18) en les intégrant partiellement dans le matériau visco-élastique.
- Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que, lors de l'étape a), on préfabrique la plaque (18) par fusion, formage et solidification du matériau visco-élastique, choisi thermofusible, et en ce que l'on intègre partiellement les gravillons (27) dans le matériau visco-élastique en les semant sur celui-ci entre le formage et la solidification.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 et 10, caractérisé en ce que les gravillons (27) de la plaque préfabriquée (18) forment hors de celle-ci une saillie d'une hauteur (h) de l'ordre de 50% à 95% de leur hauteur (H), mesurée perpendiculairement à la face gravillonnée.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que les gravillons (27) de la plaque préfabriquée (18) ont la même nature et la même granulométrie que ceux du béton (38).
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que les gravillons (27) de la plaque préfabriquée (18) laissent subsister entre eux des espaces (28) dont les dimensions correspondent au maximum à leur granulométrie.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que les gravillons (27) de la plaque préfabriquée (18) couvrent de 80% à 95% de la face gravillonnée (20).
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé en ce que les gravillons (27) de la plaque préfabriquée (18) sont un concassé à arêtes vives.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisé en ce que les gravillons (27) de la plaque préfabriquée (18) présentent une granulométrie de l'ordre de 3 mm/10 mm, de préférence de 4mm/8mm.
- Support de rail de chemin de fer, tel qu'une traverse (1), comportant au moins un bloc (2) de béton (38) présentant notamment une face supérieure (9) destinée à recevoir au moins un rail (4) et une face inférieure (6) destinée à assurer l'appui du bloc (2) sur un substrat (5), tel qu'un ballast (5), et une semelle (8) en matériau visco-élastique couvrant solidairement cette face inférieure (6) et destinée à servir d'intermédiaire d'appui entre le bloc (2) et le substrat (5), caractérisé en ce que des gravillons (27) du béton (38), régulièrement répartis sur une face (14) de la semelle (8) tournée vers la face inférieure (6) du bloc (2), sont directement et individuellement solidarisés avec le matériau visco-élastique de la semelle.
- Support selon la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce que la semelle (8) présente des dimensions, en plan, inférieures à celles de la face inférieure (6) du bloc (2).
- Support selon l'une quelconque des revendications 17 et 18, caractérisé en ce que le matériau visco-élastique de la semelle (8) inclut une armature (22).
- Support selon la revendication 19, caractérisé en ce que l'armature (22) définit des mailles (23) de dimensions inférieures à la granulométrie des gravillons (27) fixés à la semelle (8).
- Support selon l'une quelconque des revendications 17 à 20, caractérisé en ce que les gravillons (27) fixés à la semelle (8) forment une saillie hors de la face inférieure (6) du bloc (2) et sont intégrés partiellement au matériau visco-élastique de la semelle (8).
- Support selon la revendication 21, caractérisé en ce que les gravillons (27) fixés à la semelle (8) sont intégrés au matériau visco-élastique de celle-ci sur une profondeur (p) de l'ordre de 5% à 50% de leur hauteur (H), mesurée perpendiculairement à la face inférieure (6) du bloc (2).
- Support selon l'une quelconque des revendications 17 à 22, caractérisé en ce que les gravillons (27) fixés à la semelle (8) ont la même nature et la même granulométrie que les autres gravillons (44) du béton (38).
- Support selon l'une quelconque des revendications 17 à 23, caractérisé en ce que les gravillons (27) fixés à la semelle (8) couvrent 80% à 95% de la face inférieure (6) du bloc (2).
- Support selon l'une quelconque des revendications 17 à 24, caractérisé en ce que les gravillons (27) fixés à la semelle (8) sont un concassé à arêtes vives.
- Support selon l'une quelconque des revendications 17 à 25, caractérisé en ce que les gravillons (27) fixés à la semelle (8) présentent une granulométrie de l'ordre de 3 mm/10 mm, de préférence de 4mm/8mm.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9503199 | 1995-03-20 | ||
FR9503199A FR2732046B1 (fr) | 1995-03-20 | 1995-03-20 | Procede de fabrication d'un support de rail de chemin de fer, et support susceptible d'etre obtenu par la mise en oeuvre de ce procede. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0733738A1 EP0733738A1 (fr) | 1996-09-25 |
EP0733738B1 true EP0733738B1 (fr) | 2000-06-28 |
Family
ID=9477187
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96400568A Expired - Lifetime EP0733738B1 (fr) | 1995-03-20 | 1996-03-19 | Procédé de fabrication d'un support de rail de chemin de fer, et support susceptible d'être obtenu par la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0733738B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE194180T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69608985T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2147349T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2732046B1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1999028555A2 (fr) * | 1997-11-28 | 1999-06-10 | Pfleiderer Infrastrukturtechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Traverse de chemin de fer |
EP1186709A2 (fr) * | 2000-09-12 | 2002-03-13 | Plasticos Mondragon, S.A. | Patin de traverse en béton pour voie ferrée à grande vitesse |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2753998B1 (fr) * | 1996-09-30 | 1998-12-18 | Etancheite Les Revetements Et | Semelle sous traverse pour protection du ballast |
EP1468067A1 (fr) | 2002-01-23 | 2004-10-20 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Auxiliaires de solubilite utilises dans des compositions detergentes |
FR2935399B1 (fr) * | 2008-09-02 | 2012-10-12 | Sateba Systeme Vagneux | Semelle viscoelastique, ensemble comportant un bloc et une semelle precitee, et procedes de fabrication correspondants. |
FR2983875B1 (fr) * | 2011-12-12 | 2016-12-23 | Fimor | Semelle sous traverse solidarisable a une traverse en beton ou analogue et traverse en beton ou analogue a laquelle est solidarisee une telle semelle sous traverse. |
CA3191144A1 (fr) * | 2020-09-01 | 2022-03-10 | Yinglong Chen | Dispositifs de moulage et procedes de fabrication de tampons elastomeres destines a etre utilises en tant que traverses de chemin de fer |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2659161A1 (de) * | 1976-12-28 | 1978-07-06 | Zueblin Ag | Schotterloser eisenbahnoberbau |
AT405197B (de) * | 1990-01-30 | 1999-06-25 | Porr Allg Bauges | Gleisober- und gleisunterbau für schienengebundene fahrzeuge |
FR2664307B1 (fr) * | 1990-07-06 | 1995-03-31 | Etancheite Revetements Protect | Support de rail, et voie ferree obtenue avec de tels supports. |
ATE144300T1 (de) * | 1992-05-09 | 1996-11-15 | Phoenix Ag | Schienenanordnung |
-
1995
- 1995-03-20 FR FR9503199A patent/FR2732046B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1996
- 1996-03-19 AT AT96400568T patent/ATE194180T1/de active
- 1996-03-19 ES ES96400568T patent/ES2147349T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-19 DE DE69608985T patent/DE69608985T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-19 EP EP96400568A patent/EP0733738B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1999028555A2 (fr) * | 1997-11-28 | 1999-06-10 | Pfleiderer Infrastrukturtechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Traverse de chemin de fer |
EP1186709A2 (fr) * | 2000-09-12 | 2002-03-13 | Plasticos Mondragon, S.A. | Patin de traverse en béton pour voie ferrée à grande vitesse |
EP1186709A3 (fr) * | 2000-09-12 | 2002-07-03 | Plasticos Mondragon, S.A. | Patin de traverse en béton pour voie ferrée à grande vitesse |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2732046B1 (fr) | 1997-06-20 |
EP0733738A1 (fr) | 1996-09-25 |
ES2147349T3 (es) | 2000-09-01 |
DE69608985D1 (de) | 2000-08-03 |
ATE194180T1 (de) | 2000-07-15 |
DE69608985T2 (de) | 2000-11-30 |
FR2732046A1 (fr) | 1996-09-27 |
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