EP0732559B1 - Séchoir pour produits en terre cuite - Google Patents
Séchoir pour produits en terre cuite Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0732559B1 EP0732559B1 EP96400523A EP96400523A EP0732559B1 EP 0732559 B1 EP0732559 B1 EP 0732559B1 EP 96400523 A EP96400523 A EP 96400523A EP 96400523 A EP96400523 A EP 96400523A EP 0732559 B1 EP0732559 B1 EP 0732559B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- air
- drying
- products
- alignments
- box structures
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
- F26B21/022—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure with provisions for changing the drying gas flow pattern, e.g. by reversing gas flow, by moving the materials or objects through subsequent compartments, at least two of which have a different direction of gas flow
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B15/00—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
- F26B15/10—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions
- F26B15/12—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined
- F26B15/14—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined the objects or batches of materials being carried by trays or racks or receptacles, which may be connected to endless chains or belts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
- F26B21/04—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure partly outside the drying enclosure
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a dryer such as those used in the terracotta industry.
- the manufacturing of this type of product involves essentially three phases: in a first phase the earth is shaped either by molding or by spinning by extrusion which requires it to be in a semi-pasty state that is to say having a high percentage of humidity; then in a second phase the shaped products but raw are dried so as to contain practically no more water; and finally they are cooked at high temperature in a baking oven.
- the present invention relates to a dryer for the implementation of the second phase.
- the raw and moist products are placed on racks; the racks are arranged in superimposed layers on wagons which are introduced into an enclosure. This the enclosure is then crossed by a current of air which causes drying of raw products.
- the drying method according to the present invention consists of depositing the products on low racks width that can accommodate one or two on this width products to dry, stack these racks so as to constitute alignments of small width and large length then to have these alignments in an enclosure so that each alignment is framed by two spaces one of which is under pressure and the other under depression so that the drying air crosses said alignment with a practically constant speed, this after which it is regulated in temperature and humidity then recycled so that the products receive all practically the same amount of air, at the same temperature and at the same humidity level.
- the invention also relates to an installation for the implementation of this method according to claim 3.
- the present invention on the other hand the advantage of being usable as well for dryers so-called "chamber” only for "tunnel” type dryers.
- FIG. 1 represents an enclosure 1, in the middle of which one has arranged an alignment 2 of racks 3 bearing 6 products to dry.
- the racks 3 are provided with means which allow stack them on top of each other while sparing enough space for air to circulate between each product 6 and the bottom of the rack 3 which is above. These means are known in themselves. As is shown by way of example in FIGS. 5 and 10, the racks can have a section in H.
- these racks have a small width and carry only one or possibly two products 6.
- narrow width we mean a dimension corresponding to the dimensions of a brick or tile, like mechanical tile, that is to say about 40 cm.
- These racks 3 are arranged in stacks, aligned the one behind the other in order to achieve what we will hereinafter call an “alignment”, that is to say a kind of wall having a thickness of the order of 50 cm determined by the width of the racks 3, a height of the order of 1.5 m to 2 m, and a length corresponding to the length of the drying chamber.
- the racks can be square or be rectangular as shown in the figures. In all cases, their width must be small, of of the order of 50 cm and their length is adapted to the means of handling available: what matters is that the width of the alignments 2 is small, that is to say around 50 cm.
- alignment 2 is placed in the middle of enclosure 1, which has the effect that it is framed by two volumes A and B.
- the drying air is brought to the enclosure by a line 7 and then brought to volume A via line 8; this air passes from A to B crossing alignment 2; then is evacuated via line 10.
- drying air going from space A (under pressure) towards space B (under depression) does not crosses only one alignment 2. It is then regulated in temperature and humidity before being re-breathed into A and to cross again the alignment 2.
- the return line 10 has an outlet bypass 10a provided with a valve 10b; distribution line 7 comprises a fan 11 a heating means 12 and a fresh air supply line 13. When there is too much air charged with humidity, it is evacuated in 10a and air outside is introduced at 13, pulsed by the fan 11 and reheated in 12.
- circuit 7, 13, 11, 12, 8, 10 will hereinafter be called the recycling circuit, even if the air is only partially recycled, some being evacuated in 10a and part being newly admitted in 13.
- the method according to the invention therefore consists in making cross only one narrow alignment at a time by drying air. This width being small and the air circulation can be reversed, this results that all 6 products receive practically the same amount of air at the same temperature and to the same degree hygrometric, which it is not possible to obtain with known devices.
- Figures 3 to 6 show a third example production of a drying device using the method according to the invention.
- the dryer consists of an enclosure 1 parallelepiped inside which are arranged parallel to each other two alignments 2a and 2b of stacked screens.
- Each alignment 2a or 2b consists of a succession of stacks of racks 3.
- the alignments 2 are made by aligning end to end six stacks of racks 3.
- the two alignments 2a and 2b are arranged so that they are parallel to each other and parallel to the side walls of enclosure 1 so to provide between the two alignments 2a, 2b a space A and outside these two alignments, two spaces B, one spaces B being between the alignment 2a and the side wall of the enclosure 1 which is close to it and the other space B being between the alignment 2b and the other side wall of enclosure 1.
- the method according to the invention consists in making circulate the ventilation air either from A to both spaces B crossing the alignments 2a, 2b or vice versa from outdoor spaces B to space interior A.
- Each box 4 is pierced with a plurality orifices 5.
- the caissons 4 occupying the volumes B will only be provided with orifices 5 on the side facing a alignment, 2a or 2b.
- the left outer box 4 in Figure 2 will be provided with holes 5 only on its side right, the right exterior box 4 will not be provided with orifices 5 only on its left side and the inner box 4 will be provided with orifices 5 on its two sides.
- the orifices 5 will be disposed of so as to be each above a rack 3; But it is not compulsory because you have to be able to use 3 heights in the same dryer "h" varied.
- the drying air circulation is ensured by a distribution pipe 7, disposed above the alignments 2, which by means of several pipes vertical 8 feeds the central box 4 (corresponding inside volume A); while the air entering the side boxes 4 (corresponding to volumes B), after be passed on the products 6 through the alignments 2 (2a, 2b), is brought back by two lines 10 to the line of distribution 7.
- this conduct of distribution 7 includes a fan 11 and a means of heating (or heat exchanger) 12; lines 8 are provided with valves 9 and the lines 10, with outputs 10a controlled by l0b valves.
- Means such as fan 11 and valves 9 allow the air flow in the different caissons and even in different zones of the same set of boxes since there are several lines 8 each provided with a valve 9.
- the heating means 12 makes it possible to adjust the temperature.
- the drying air is constantly recycled in the circuit consisting of line 7, lines 8, boxes 4 and pipes 10, with, as was explained above evacuation or not of air having loaded humidity on products 6 and introduction or no fresh air through the opening (s) 13.
- the stacks 2 are brought inside the enclosure 1 by conveyors 14 and the enclosure is closed by a door 15, which, as in the example shown, can be a rolling shutter.
- the device intended for the implementation of the drying process according to the invention in relation to Figures 1 to 6 is a dryer of the type called "chamber" that is to say inside which the products remain motionless inside the enclosure throughout the drying operation.
- the enclosure 1 has much larger dimensions so that one will have a plurality of alignments, that is to say n, so that these n alignments will be framed by n + 1 volumes of circulation (A or B), in which there will be n + 1 boxes 4.
- Alignments 2 are made identically of what has been described above, as well as the boxes 4.
- the present invention has been described in connection with the problem of drying raw products in the ground before their baking in an oven, in the earth industry cooked; but it is obvious that it is not limited to this particular application and can be used to any drying of any products.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
- Bakery Products And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
Description
- les espaces dans lesquels arrive l'air de séchage sont occupés par des caissons allongés munis d'ouvertures par lesquelles l'air est insufflé à travers l'alignement faisant face audit caisson,
- les espaces par lesquels l'air arrive et ceux par lesquels il est évacué sont occupés par des caissons allongés, de sorte que chaque alignement est encadré de caissons sur ses deux côtés les uns en pression et les autres en dépression, l'enceinte de séchage comportant n alignements de claies et n + 1 caissons de ventilation.
Claims (17)
- Procédé de séchage par ventilation de produits, tels notamment que les produits crus destinés à être cuits dans un four consistant à déposer les produits (6) à sécher sur des claies (3) de faible largeur pouvant recevoir sur cette largeur, un ou deux produits à sécher ; à empiler ces claies (3) de façon à constituer au moins un alignement (2) de faible largeur et grande longueur ; puis à disposer ce ou ces alignements (2) dans une enceinte de séchage (1) de façon que chaque alignement soit encadré par deux espaces (A, B) dont l'un est en pression et l'autre en dépression de sorte que l'air de séchage traverse iedit alignement (2) avec une vitesse pratiquement constante, ce après quoi il est régulé en température et humidité et recyclé au moins partiellement ; de telle sorte que les produits à sécher (6) reçoivent pratiquement la même quantité d'air, à la même température et au même degré hygrométrique.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1 selon lequel on inverse périodiquement la circulation de l'air au cours d'un même cycle de séchage.
- Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait qu'il est constitué par une enceinte (1) recevant au moins un alignement (2) de claies (3) empilées les unes sur les autres, ces claies (3) ayant une faible largeur ; ladite enceinte (1) comportant des espaces (A ou B) disposés de manière à encadrer chaque alignement (2), dont l'un est en pression et l'autre est en dépression, lesdits espaces étant reliés par des conduites (7, 8, 10) à des moyens de circulation de l'air (11) dans lesquels l'air est régulé en température et humidité, et recyclé au moins partiellement.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 3, dans lequel des caissons (4) munis d'ouvertures (5) sont disposés dans les espaces (A) sous pression.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 3, dans lequel des caissons (4) munis d'ouvertures (5) sont disposés dans tous les espaces (A ou B).
- Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait qu'à l'intérieur de l'enceinte (1) sont disposés n alignements (2) et n + 1 caissons (4).
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 6, dans lequel les claies (3) ont une largeur de l'ordre de 40 cm, correspondant aux dimensions d'une brique ou d'une tuile mécanique, de façon que chaque alignement (2) constitue une sorte de mur dont l'épaisseur est déterminée par la largeur de la claie (3), sa longueur étant déterminée en fonction de la longueur de l'enceinte (1).
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 7, dans lequel les parois latérales des caissons (4) sont munies d'ouvertures latérales (5).
- Dispositif selon la revendication 8, dans lequel les caissons (4) qui sont compris entre deux alignements (2) sont munis d'ouvertures (5) sur leurs deux parois latérales ; tandis que les deux caissons (4) extérieurs ne sont munis d'ouvertures (5) que du côté tourné vers les alignements.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 9, comportant : une conduite (7) de distribution d'air, disposée au-dessus des alignements (2) qui, au moyen de plusieurs conduites verticales (8) alimente les caissons (4) ; au moins une conduite de retour (10) qui ramène à ladite canalisation de distribution (7) l'air ayant traversé les alignements (2) ; au moins une conduite de sortie (10a) et une entrée d'arrivée d'air frais (13) ; afin que l'air de séchage soit mis de façon permanente en circulation en étant partiellement ou totalement recyclé.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 10 comportant deux alignements (2) encadrés par trois caissons (4) ainsi qu'une conduite (7) reliée au caisson central (4) au moyen d'une pluralité de conduites verticales (8), et deux conduites (10) reliées aux caissons (4) extérieurs.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 10 comportant un nombre n d'alignements (2) encadrés par n + caissons (4) dans lequel 1 la circulation d'air de séchage est assurée par plusieurs canalisations de distribution (8) et plusieurs canalisations de retour (10).
- Dispositif selon la revendication 12, dans lequel le sens de circulatio. de l'air dans les conduites (7) et (10) peut être inversé.
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 13, dans lequel les conduites de circulation de l'air sont munies d'un ventilateur (11), de moyens de chauffage (12) et d'entrées d'air additionnelles (13).
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 14 dans l'installation de séchage est du type à chambre.
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 14 dans lequel l'installation de séchage est du type tunnel.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 16, dans lequel les positions respectives des conduites de distribution (7) et des conduites d'évacuation (10) par rapport aux caissons (4) peuvent être inversées ce qui a pour résultat une inversion du sens de la circulation de l'air sur les produits (6) au fur et à mesure qu'ils progressent dans une direction parallèle aux caissons (4).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9502949A FR2731782B1 (fr) | 1995-03-14 | 1995-03-14 | Sechoir pour produits en terre cuite |
FR9502949 | 1995-03-14 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0732559A1 EP0732559A1 (fr) | 1996-09-18 |
EP0732559B1 true EP0732559B1 (fr) | 1999-07-28 |
Family
ID=9477012
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96400523A Expired - Lifetime EP0732559B1 (fr) | 1995-03-14 | 1996-03-14 | Séchoir pour produits en terre cuite |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0732559B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE182672T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69603391T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2731782B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0877220A3 (fr) * | 1997-05-06 | 2000-12-20 | Hans Lingl Anlagenbau und Verfahrenstechnik GmbH & Co. KG | Dispositif et procédé de séchage de corps céramiques moulés |
FR2787179B1 (fr) | 1998-12-11 | 2001-01-19 | Equip Tech Ind Alimentaires | Procede de thermisation de produits convoyes avec circulation alternee du gaz thermisant |
IT1318348B1 (it) * | 2000-06-23 | 2003-08-25 | Piccinini Impianti S R L | Impianto per l'essiccazione continua di prodotti laterizi. |
DE102005017152B4 (de) * | 2005-04-13 | 2007-02-08 | Lindauer Dornier Gmbh | Verfahren zum Trocknen von vorzugsweise plattenförmigen Produkten und Durchlauftrockner in Mehretagenbauweise |
IT1393966B1 (it) * | 2009-03-26 | 2012-05-17 | Gerardi | Essicatoio per manufatti, particolarmente ceramiche, laterizi, resine, cementi, pietre naturali e simili |
FR2989764B1 (fr) * | 2012-04-24 | 2014-04-11 | Cleia | Installation et procede de sechage de produits en terre cuite |
CN107289768B (zh) * | 2017-06-13 | 2022-09-02 | 河南中联热科工业节能股份有限公司 | 一种动态明胶烘干*** |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB191204011A (en) * | 1912-02-17 | 1913-02-17 | Tozaburo Suzuki | Improvements in Drying Arrangements or Apparatus Employing Air Circulation. |
US1539230A (en) * | 1923-01-10 | 1925-05-26 | George R Anderson | Drier |
FR1101524A (fr) * | 1953-06-06 | 1955-10-07 | Robert Aebi & Cie | Séchoir à tunnels à ventilation transversale pour l'industrie céramique |
FR1096717A (fr) * | 1953-12-28 | 1955-06-23 | Procédé de séchage à flux variable inversé et séchoirs pour sa mise en oeuvre | |
US2928158A (en) * | 1956-01-09 | 1960-03-15 | Boyd C Miller | Apparatus for and method of heattreating articles |
CH340768A (de) * | 1956-05-04 | 1959-08-31 | Oerlikon Buehrle Ag | Durchlaufofen zum Trocknen von ummantelten Schweisselektroden |
DE2848302C2 (de) * | 1978-11-07 | 1986-04-03 | Fuchs & Co Aktiengesellschaft für Elektrodraht-Erzeugung und Maschinenbau, Graz | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung und zum selbsttätigen Verladen von gebrannten Tonformlingen |
FR2529654A1 (fr) * | 1982-07-01 | 1984-01-06 | Neu Ets | Etuve ventilee |
ATA121992A (de) * | 1992-06-15 | 1996-08-15 | Wienerberger Ziegelind | Verfahren zum trocknen und/oder brennen von ziegelrohlingen |
-
1995
- 1995-03-14 FR FR9502949A patent/FR2731782B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-03-14 DE DE69603391T patent/DE69603391T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-03-14 AT AT96400523T patent/ATE182672T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-03-14 EP EP96400523A patent/EP0732559B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2731782B1 (fr) | 1997-05-30 |
EP0732559A1 (fr) | 1996-09-18 |
DE69603391T2 (de) | 2000-04-06 |
FR2731782A1 (fr) | 1996-09-20 |
ATE182672T1 (de) | 1999-08-15 |
DE69603391D1 (de) | 1999-09-02 |
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