EP0732447B1 - Calender for treating a paper web on two faces - Google Patents
Calender for treating a paper web on two faces Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0732447B1 EP0732447B1 EP96103279A EP96103279A EP0732447B1 EP 0732447 B1 EP0732447 B1 EP 0732447B1 EP 96103279 A EP96103279 A EP 96103279A EP 96103279 A EP96103279 A EP 96103279A EP 0732447 B1 EP0732447 B1 EP 0732447B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rolls
- calender according
- calender
- compressive stress
- designed
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
- D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
- D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
- D21G1/02—Rolls; Their bearings
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
- D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
- D21G1/02—Rolls; Their bearings
- D21G1/0233—Soft rolls
Definitions
- the invention relates to a calender for the two-sided treatment of a paper web, in particular for the production of rotogravure paper, with a from the end resilient roll stack, the hard rolls and soft rollers as well as between hard ones and has a working gap formed by a soft roller, some of the rollers being heatable.
- Calenders of this type are widely known, for example from the brochure "The New Super Calender Concepts" from Sulzer Papertec from 1994 (code 05/94 d). They are used for the final treatment of a paper web so that it has a desired value for smoothness, gloss, thickness, bulk and the like. receives, and are set up separately from a paper machine.
- the "soft" or elastic rollers have a cover consisting mainly of fiber material.
- the heated rollers have a surface temperature limited to around 80 ° C.
- the average compressive stress in the nips is between 15 and 30 N / mm 2 in normal operation, and about 40 N / mm 2 have already been used in the lowest working gap.
- a stack of 9 or 10 rollers is sufficient for papers that are easy to satin, such as writing paper. Such a large machine is expensive and takes up a lot of space.
- So-called compact calenders are also known, where a heated roller with a deflection controllable soft roller forms a gap and for two-sided treatment of the paper web also two such calenders are connected in series can.
- this can only be easily satinized Papers, but not technical papers, e.g. Silicon base papers as well as papers for gravure printing, produce.
- the heatable Rollers therefore have a surface temperature of 160 to 200 ° C. A lot of heat energy is radiated, which must be removed by air conditioning. Because the roller diameter is larger due to the strength than with the supercalender, high line loads must be be applied to achieve a desired satin finish to generate the necessary compressive stresses.
- replacement rollers for the elastic rollers expensive because it is deflectable should be.
- the invention has for its object a calender of the type described at the beginning, the smaller as well as cheaper to manufacture and operate is, but still allows excellent satin results.
- the 2 x 5-roll calender delivers practically the same Calendering results like a conventional 12-roll calender, the previously used for the production of gravure printing and other high quality papers considered necessary has been.
- the division into two stacks has the other Advantage that the dependence of the line load on the roll weight is lower, i.e. in the uppermost gap with a much higher line load than before can be worked.
- the dwell time is at most 0.9 ms and that the heating to a surface temperature of maximum 150 ° C. and the load to an average compressive stress of up to 60 N / mm 2 is designed. In fact, only a moderate increase in surface temperature and compressive stress is required.
- the residence time is 0.2 to 0.5 ms
- the surface temperature is 110 to 125 ° C.
- the average compressive stress is 45 to 55 N / mm 2 .
- top and / or bottom roller deflection are controllable. In this way, the Compression equalized across the entire width of the rollers will.
- the soft rollers have a plastic cover.
- Such plastic-related rollers are much better suited than rollers covered with fiber material for operation with increased medium compressive stress. They allow operation with a compressive stress of more than 42 N / mm 2 .
- the reference should be designed for a compressive strength of up to about 60 N / mm 2 .
- plastic cover in the consists essentially of fiber-reinforced epoxy resin.
- Such a plastic cover has a service life of at least twelve weeks.
- the stacks arranged in-line of a paper machine or coating machine are plastic covers that are for the sake of higher Compressive stress are desired, particularly suitable because - in contrast to covers made of fiber material - are much less sensitive to markings and are therefore rarely removed and ground have to.
- plastic covers that are for the sake of higher Compressive stress are desired, particularly suitable because - in contrast to covers made of fiber material - are much less sensitive to markings and are therefore rarely removed and ground have to.
- they have two stacks existing calenders have the further advantage that they are more suitable in-line because the current Paper web in each stack only by a smaller one Number of columns must be passed.
- all rollers have a drive.
- the paper web can therefore be drawn in with the calender running because all the reels are at the same speed can be brought before the column getting closed.
- the illustrated calender 1 has two roll stacks 3 and 4, each consisting of five rollers.
- the first stack 3 has a heatable deflection controllable hard top roller 5, a soft roller 6, one heated hard roller 7, a soft roller 8 and one Heated deflection-controllable hard lower roller 9 on.
- the second stack 4 has a heatable, deflection-controllable hard top roller 10, a soft roller 11, a heatable hard roller 12, a soft roller 13 and a heated deflection controllable hard Bottom roller 14 on.
- This way, in the first Stack 3 four working columns 15 to 18 and in the second Stack 4 four working columns 19 through 22, each limited by a hard roller and a soft roller are.
- a paper web 23 is fed from a paper machine 24, runs from top to bottom under Guide rollers 25 the working column of the first Stack 3 and then the working column of the second Stack 4, whereupon they in a winding device 26th is wound up.
- the paper web lies in the first stack 3 with one side and in the second stack 4 with the other side on the hard rollers, so that on both sides the desired surface structure, for example Gloss or smoothness.
- each of the rollers 5 to 14 has its own Drive 27. This allows the Paper web 23 during operation.
- Each of the soft ones Rollers 6, 8, 11 and 13 have a cover 28 Plastic, especially fiber-reinforced epoxy resin. This reference is less sensitive to marking than one Cover made of fiber material, so that for in-line operation much longer downtimes can be achieved. In addition, the cover with higher compressive stress be charged. It is also resistant to higher temperatures more durable than paper. As an example of this a cover from "TopTec 4" from Scapa Kern, Wimpassing / Austria called.
- the force P is used to ensure that the mean compressive stress p in the working gaps 15 to 22, or at least in the lowest gap, is between 45 and 60 N / mm 2 .
- the heater H it is ensured that the surface temperature of the heated rollers 5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 14 is between 100 and 150 ° C.
- the diameter of the rollers and the elasticity of the covering 28 are chosen so that there is a gap width of approximately 2 to 15 mm, preferably approximately 8 mm. Depending on the web speed, this leads to dwell times t in each working gap of 0.1 to 0.9 ms. It is preferred if the temperature T is only slightly above the lower limit, for example 110 ° C., and if the compressive stress is only slightly above the lower limit, for example 50 N / mm 2 .
- the printability of natural and light-coated papers is not necessarily related to the gloss or smoothness of the paper web, but rather to the compression or its reciprocal bulk (in cm 3 / g).
- the measure of the printability in the gravure printing process is determined by the number of "missing dots" (missing halftone dots in the quarter and halftone range). The best results in this regard can be obtained by ensuring that the above-mentioned limits are observed in all working columns.
- the results of the paper treatment can be improved further by the fact that the rollers, in particular the center rollers, are mounted in levers in an unillustrated manner, the overhanging weights being advantageously compensated for by supporting devices, as is known from EP 0 285 942 B1.
- each Stack 3 4 the top roller 5, 10, the bottom roller 9, 14 and the center roll 7, 12 are designed as hard rolls are that cooperate with soft rollers 6, 8, 11, 13. But there is also the possibility of the three train the first rolls as soft rolls and the middle rolls as hard, preferably heatable rolls 6, 8, 11 and 13 to be provided.
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Kalander für die zweiseitige Behandlung einer Papierbahn, insbesondere zur Erzeugung von tiefdruckfähigem Papier, mit einem vom Ende her belastbaren Walzenstapel, der harte Walzen und weiche Walzen sowie jeweils zwischen einer harten und einer weichen Walze gebildete Arbeitsspalte aufweist, wobei ein Teil der Walzen beheizbar ist.The invention relates to a calender for the two-sided treatment of a paper web, in particular for the production of rotogravure paper, with a from the end resilient roll stack, the hard rolls and soft rollers as well as between hard ones and has a working gap formed by a soft roller, some of the rollers being heatable.
Kalander dieser Art sind vielfach bekannt, beispielsweise aus dem Prospekt "Die neuen Superkalanderkonzepte" der Firma Sulzer Papertec aus 1994 (Kennziffer 05/94 d). Sie dienen der abschließenden Behandlung einer Papierbahn, damit diese einen gewünschten Wert der Glätte, des Glanzes, der Dicke, des Bulk u.dgl. erhält, und sind getrennt von einer Papiermaschine aufgestellt. Die "weichen" oder elastischen Walzen tragen einen hauptsächlich aus Fasermaterial bestehenden Bezug. Die beheizbaren Walzen haben eine auf etwa 80°C begrenzte Oberflächentemperatur. Die mittlere Druckspannung in den Walzenspalten liegt im normalen Betrieb zwischen 15 und 30 N/mm2, im untersten Arbeitsspalt sind auch schon etwa 40 N/mm2 angewendet worden. Für einfach zu satinierende Papiere, wie z.B. Schreibpapier, genügt ein Stapel mit 9 oder 10 Walzen.-Für höherwertige Papiere, wie tiefdruckfähige Papiere, technische Papiere oder Verdichtungspapiere werden 12 bis 16 Walzen benötigt. Eine solche Großmaschine ist teuer und hat einen erheblichen Raumbedarf.Calenders of this type are widely known, for example from the brochure "The New Super Calender Concepts" from Sulzer Papertec from 1994 (code 05/94 d). They are used for the final treatment of a paper web so that it has a desired value for smoothness, gloss, thickness, bulk and the like. receives, and are set up separately from a paper machine. The "soft" or elastic rollers have a cover consisting mainly of fiber material. The heated rollers have a surface temperature limited to around 80 ° C. The average compressive stress in the nips is between 15 and 30 N / mm 2 in normal operation, and about 40 N / mm 2 have already been used in the lowest working gap. For papers that are easy to satin, such as writing paper, a stack of 9 or 10 rollers is sufficient. Such a large machine is expensive and takes up a lot of space.
Des weiteren sind sogenannte Kompaktkalander bekannt, bei denen eine beheizbare Walze mit einer durchbiegungssteuerbaren weichen Walze einen Spalt bildet und zur beidseitigen Behandlung der Papierbahn auch zwei derartige Kalander hintereinander geschaltet werden können. Hiermit lassen sich aber nur einfach zu satinierende Papiere, nicht aber technische Papiere, z.B. Silicon-Rohpapiere sowie Papiere für den Tiefdruck, herstellen. Außerdem muß ein großer Teil der Verformungsenergie als Wärme zugeführt werden. Die beheizbaren Walzen haben daher eine Oberflächentemperatur von 160 bis 200° C. Es wird viel Wärmeenergie abgestrahlt, die durch Klimaanlagen wieder abgeführt werden muß. Weil die Walzendurchmesser festigkeitsbedingt größer als beim Superkalander sind, müssen hohe Streckenlasten aufgebracht werden, um die für ein gewünschtes Satinageergebnis notwendigen Druckspannungen zu erzeugen. Des weiteren sind Austauschwalzen für die elastischen Walzen teuer, weil sie gleichzeitig durchbiegungssteuerbar sein sollen. So-called compact calenders are also known, where a heated roller with a deflection controllable soft roller forms a gap and for two-sided treatment of the paper web also two such calenders are connected in series can. However, this can only be easily satinized Papers, but not technical papers, e.g. Silicon base papers as well as papers for gravure printing, produce. In addition, a large part of the deformation energy be supplied as heat. The heatable Rollers therefore have a surface temperature of 160 to 200 ° C. A lot of heat energy is radiated, which must be removed by air conditioning. Because the roller diameter is larger due to the strength than with the supercalender, high line loads must be be applied to achieve a desired satin finish to generate the necessary compressive stresses. Of others are replacement rollers for the elastic rollers expensive because it is deflectable should be.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Kalander der eingangs beschriebenen Art anzugeben, der kleiner sowie billiger in der Herstellung und im Betrieb ist, trotzdem aber vorzügliche Satinageergebnisse ermöglicht.The invention has for its object a calender of the type described at the beginning, the smaller as well as cheaper to manufacture and operate is, but still allows excellent satin results.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß
zwei gleichartige Stapel mit je 5 Walzen vorgesehen
sind und daß zumindest für einen Arbeitsspalt als Bedingung
gilt:
Durch die Reduzierung der Stapelhöhe wird der Einfluß des Walzengewichts auf die Streckenlast vermindert. Man kann daher bei gleicher Streckenlast im untersten Spalt im obersten Eingangsspalt mit einer höheren Streckenlast als bei den bekannten Superkalandern arbeiten. Überraschenderweise genügt es daher, die zuzuführende Verformungsenergie moderat zu steigern, um auch hochwertige Papiere zufriedenstellend bearbeiten zu können. So kann die Wärmezufuhr bei Temperaturen erfolgen, die nur etwas über den bisher üblichen Temperaturen liegen und daher die Wärmeabstrahlung nur geringfügig erhöhen. Auch stehen hierfür die verschiedensten Wärmeträger zur Verfügung; es gibt keine Schwierigkeiten wie bei den hohen Temperaturen, die bei einem Kompaktkalander angewendet werden müssen. Auch genügt eine relativ geringe Erhöhung der Druckspannung, die mechanisch ohne weiteres ertragen werden kann und höchstens bei der Wahl des Bezuges der elastischen Walze zu berücksichtigen ist. Indem beide Maßnahmen (verstärkte Beheizung und verstärkte Belastung) zumindest in einem Arbeitsspalt, vorzugsweise dem untersten Arbeitsspalt, gleichzeitig angewendet werden, lassen sich außerordentlich gute Ergebnisse auch bei einem schnellaufenden Kalander und bei hochwertigen Papieren erzielen. Da der Walzenstapel eine geringere Höhe als bekannte Superkalander hat, genügen niedrigere Gebäude, was die Aufstellungskosten erheblich senkt.By reducing the stack height, the influence becomes of the roll weight reduced to the line load. Man can therefore with the same line load in the lowest gap in the uppermost entrance gap with a higher line load than working with the well-known super calenders. Surprisingly, it is therefore sufficient to add the Increase deformation energy moderately to also high quality To be able to process papers satisfactorily. So the heat can be supplied at temperatures that are only slightly above the usual temperatures and therefore only slightly increase the heat radiation. Various heat transfer media are also available for this Disposal; there are no difficulties as with the high temperatures applied to a compact calender Need to become. A relatively small one is also sufficient Increase the compressive stress that mechanically without further notice can be endured and at most when choosing the The elastic roller must be taken into account. By taking both measures (increased heating and increased Load) at least in one working gap, preferably the lowest working gap, at the same time are used, can be extremely good Results even with a high-speed calender and with high quality paper. Because the roll stack a lower height than known super calenders are sufficient lower buildings what the installation cost significantly lowers.
Der 2 x 5-Walzen-Kalander liefert praktisch dieselben Satinierergebnisse wie ein üblicher 12-Walzen-Kalander, der bisher für die Herstellung von tiefdruckfähigen und anderen hochwertigen Papieren als notwendig angesehen wurde. Die Aufteilung in zwei Stapel hat den weiteren Vorteil, daß die Abhängigkeit der Streckenlast vom Walzengewicht geringer ist, also im jeweils obersten Spalt mit einer sehr viel höheren Streckenlast als bisher gearbeitet werden kann.The 2 x 5-roll calender delivers practically the same Calendering results like a conventional 12-roll calender, the previously used for the production of gravure printing and other high quality papers considered necessary has been. The division into two stacks has the other Advantage that the dependence of the line load on the roll weight is lower, i.e. in the uppermost gap with a much higher line load than before can be worked.
Zweckmäßigerweise ist dafür gesorgt, daß zumindest für den einen Arbeitsspalt die Bedingung gilt, daß die Verweilzeit höchstens 0,9 ms beträgt und daß die Beheizung auf eine Oberflächentemperatur von maximal 150°C und die Belastung auf eine mittlere Druckspannung bis zu 60 N/mm2 ausgelegt ist. Es ist daher tatsächlich nur eine moderate Erhöhung der Oberflächentemperatur und der Druckspannung erforderlich.It is expedient to ensure that the condition applies at least for the one working gap, that the dwell time is at most 0.9 ms and that the heating to a surface temperature of maximum 150 ° C. and the load to an average compressive stress of up to 60 N / mm 2 is designed. In fact, only a moderate increase in surface temperature and compressive stress is required.
Als bevorzugt wird angesehen, daß die Verweilzeit 0,2 bis 0,5 ms, die Oberflächentemperatur 110 bis 125° C und die mittlere Druckspannung 45 bis 55 N/mm2 beträgt.It is considered preferred that the residence time is 0.2 to 0.5 ms, the surface temperature is 110 to 125 ° C. and the average compressive stress is 45 to 55 N / mm 2 .
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, daß die Bedingung für die Mehrheit der oder alle Arbeitsspalte gilt. Weil die erhöhten Werte gleichmäßig auf mehrere Arbeitsspalte verteilt sind, genügen sehr geringfügige Erhöhungen. It is particularly advantageous that the condition for the Majority of or all work column applies. Because the increased values evenly across multiple working columns are distributed, very small increases are sufficient.
Zweckmäßig ist es auch, daß Ober- und/oder Unterwalze durchbiegungssteuerbar sind. Auf diese Weise kann die Druckspannung über die gesamte Breite der Walzen vergleichmäßigt werden.It is also expedient that the top and / or bottom roller deflection are controllable. In this way, the Compression equalized across the entire width of the rollers will.
In diesem Zusammenhang empfiehlt es sich, daß Ober- und/oder Unterwalze hart und beheizbar sind. Über diese harten Walzen läßt sich die Wärmeenergie besser zuführen als über die angrenzende weiche Walze. Dies gilt auch, wenn die Ober- und/oder Unterwalze durchbiegungssteuerbar sind, weil man beispielsweise eine beheizte Druckflüssigkeit zuführen kann.In this context, it is recommended that senior and / or bottom roller are hard and heatable. About these hard rollers are better able to supply the thermal energy than over the adjacent soft roller. this applies even if the top and / or bottom roller controllable deflection are because, for example, a heated one Can supply hydraulic fluid.
Besonders günstig ist es, daß die weichen Walzen einen Kunststoffbezug tragen. Solche kunststoffbezogenen Walzen sind wesentlich besser als mit Fasermaterial bezogene Walzen für den Betrieb bei erhöhter mittlerer Druckspannung geeignet. Sie erlauben einen Betrieb mit einer Druckspannung von mehr als 42 N/mm2. Insbesondere sollte der Bezug auf eine Druckspannungs-Belastbarkeit bis etwa 60 N/mm2 ausgelegt sein.It is particularly favorable that the soft rollers have a plastic cover. Such plastic-related rollers are much better suited than rollers covered with fiber material for operation with increased medium compressive stress. They allow operation with a compressive stress of more than 42 N / mm 2 . In particular, the reference should be designed for a compressive strength of up to about 60 N / mm 2 .
Dies gilt insbesondere, wenn der Kunststoffbezug im wesentlichen aus faserverstärktem Epoxidharz besteht. Ein solcher Kunststoffbezug hat eine Standzeit von wenigstens zwölf Wochen.This applies in particular if the plastic cover in the consists essentially of fiber-reinforced epoxy resin. Such a plastic cover has a service life of at least twelve weeks.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind die Stapel in-line einer Papiermaschine oder Streichmaschine angeordnet. Die Papierbahn kommt daher mit erhöhter Temperatur, beispielsweise mit 60° C, am Einlaßspalt des Kalanders an und benötigt deshalb nur noch eine geringe Wärmezufuhr, um eine ausreichende Verformungsenergie verfügbar zu machen. Bei einem solchen in-line-Betrieb sind Kunststoffbezüge, die schon aus Gründen der höheren Druckspannung erwünscht sind, besonders geeignet, weil sie - im Gegensatz zu Bezügen aus Fasermaterial - wesentlich weniger gegen Markierungen empfindlich sind und daher nur selten ausgebaut und abgeschliffen werden müssen. In diesem Zusammenhang haben die aus zwei Stapeln bestehende Kalander den weiteren Vorteil, daß sie in höherem Maße in-line-tauglich sind, weil die laufende Papierbahn in jedem Stapel nur durch eine geringere Zahl von Spalten hindurchgeführt werden muß.In a further embodiment of the invention, the stacks arranged in-line of a paper machine or coating machine. The paper web therefore comes at an elevated temperature, for example at 60 ° C, at the inlet gap of the Calender and therefore only needs a small amount Heat input to a sufficient deformation energy to make available. With such an in-line operation are plastic covers that are for the sake of higher Compressive stress are desired, particularly suitable because - in contrast to covers made of fiber material - are much less sensitive to markings and are therefore rarely removed and ground have to. In this context, they have two stacks existing calenders have the further advantage that they are more suitable in-line because the current Paper web in each stack only by a smaller one Number of columns must be passed.
Zweckmäßigerweise besitzen alle Walzen einen Antrieb. Die Papierbahn kann daher bei laufendem Kalander eingezogen werden, weil alle Walzen auf die gleiche Geschwindigkeit gebracht werden können, ehe die Spalte geschlossen werden.Advantageously, all rollers have a drive. The paper web can therefore be drawn in with the calender running because all the reels are at the same speed can be brought before the column getting closed.
Empfehlenswert ist es auch, daß die Stapel von einer Schutzhaube abgedeckt sind, die die Wärmeabstrahlung reduziert. Ein solche Schutzhaube verringert die Wärmeabstrahlung, so daß sich die Fabrikationshalle nicht so stark erwärmt und übermäßig klimatisiert werden muß. Umgekehrt wird die Temperatur im Innern der Haube auf einem höheren Wert gehalten, so daß die Wärmezufuhr über die Heizvorrichtung gering gehalten werden kann.It is also recommended that the stacks of one Protective cover are covered that the heat radiation reduced. Such a protective hood reduces the heat radiation, so the manufacturing hall isn't like that must be warmed up and excessively air-conditioned. Conversely, the temperature inside the hood increases kept at a higher value so that the heat supply can be kept low via the heating device.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand in der Zeichnung dargestellter, bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Die einzige Figur zeigt eine schematische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Kalanders.The invention is illustrated below in the drawing illustrated, preferred embodiments explained. The only figure shows a schematic Representation of a calender according to the invention.
Der veranschaulichte Kalander 1 weist zwei Walzenstapel
3 und 4 auf, die jeweils auf fünf Walzen bestehen. Der
erste Stapel 3 weist eine beheizbare durchbiegungssteuerbare
harte Oberwalze 5, eine weiche Walze 6, eine
beheizbare harte Walze 7, eine weiche Walze 8 und eine
beheizbare durchbiegungssteuerbare harte Unterwalze 9
auf. Der zweite Stapel 4 weist eine beheizbare, durchbiegungssteuerbare
harte Oberwalze 10, eine weiche Walze
11, eine beheizbare harte Walze 12, eine weiche Walze
13 und eine beheizbare durchbiegungssteuerbare harte
Unterwalze 14 auf. Auf diese Weise ergeben sich im ersten
Stapel 3 vier Arbeitsspalte 15 bis 18 und im zweiten
Stapel 4 vier Arbeitsspalte 19 bis 22, die jeweils
durch eine harte Walze und eine weiche Walze begrenzt
sind.The illustrated calender 1 has two
Eine Papierbahn 23 wird aus einer Papiermaschine 24 zugeführt,
durchläuft jeweils von oben nach unten unter
Führung von Leitwalzen 25 die Arbeitsspalte des ersten
Stapels 3 und anschließend die Arbeitsspalte des zweiten
Stapels 4, worauf sie in einer Wickelvorrichtung 26
aufgewickelt wird. Im ersten Stapel 3 liegt die Papierbahn
mit der einen Seite und im zweiten Stapel 4 mit
der anderen Seite an den harten Walzen an, so daß beidseitig
die gewünschte Oberflächenstruktur, beispielsweise
Glanz oder Glätte, erreicht wird.A
Wegen der direkten Verbindung des Kalanders 1 mit der
Papiermaschine 24 ergibt sich ein in-line-Betrieb. Aus
diesem Grund besitzt jede der Walzen 5 bis 14 einen eigenen
Antrieb 27. Dies ermöglicht ein Einziehen der
Papierbahn 23 während des Betriebes. Jede der weichen
Walzen 6, 8, 11 und 13 besitzt einen Bezug 28 aus
Kunststoff, insbesondere faserverstärktem Epoxidharz.
Dieser Bezug ist weniger markierungsempfindlich als ein
Bezug aus Fasermaterial, so daß die für den in-line-Betrieb
wesentlichen längeren Standzeiten erreicht werden.
Außerdem kann der Bezug mit höherer Druckspannung
beaufschlagt werden. Er ist auch gegenüber höheren Temperaturen
beständiger als Papier. Als Beispiel hierfür
wird ein Bezug aus "TopTec 4" der Firma Scapa Kern,
Wimpassing/Österreich genannt. Because of the direct connection of the calender 1 with the
Jedem Stapel ist eine Einheit 29 bzw. 30 eines Steuergeräts
31 zugeordnet. Jede der Steuereinheiten hat mehrere
Funktionen, die nachstehend für den zweiten Stapel
4 erläutert werden. Für den Stapel 3 gilt das entsprechende.
Mit Hilfe der Kraft P wird dafür gesorgt, daß die mittlere
Druckspannung p in den Arbeitsspalten 15 bis 22,
zumindest aber im untersten Spalt, zwischen 45 und
60 N/mm2 liegt. Mit Hilfe der Beheizung H wird dafür
gesorgt, daß die Oberflächentemperatur der beheizbaren
Walzen 5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 14 zwischen 100 und 150°C
liegt. Die Durchmesser der Walzen und die Elastizität
des Belages 28 sind so gewählt, daß sich eine Spaltbreite
von etwa 2 bis 15 mm, vorzugsweise etwa 8 mm,
ergibt. Dies führt in Abhängigkeit von der Bahngeschwindigkeit
zu Verweilzeiten t in jedem Arbeitsspalt
von 0,1 bis 0,9 ms. Bevorzugt wird es, wenn die Temperatur
T nur wenig über der unteren Grenze liegt, also
beispielsweise bei 110°C, und wenn die Druckspannung
nur wenig über der unteren Grenze liegt, beispielsweise
bei 50 N/mm2.The force P is used to ensure that the mean compressive stress p in the working
Es wurde gefunden, daß die Bedruckbarkeit bei Natur- und leichtgestrichenen Papieren nicht unbedingt mit dem erzielten Glanz oder der Glätte der Papierbahn zusammenhängt, sondern vielmehr mit der Verdichtung bzw. deren Kehrwert Bulk (in cm3/g). Das Maß für die Bedruckbarkeit im Tiefdruckverfahren wird dabei bestimmt durch die Anzahl der "missing dots" (fehlende Rasterpunkte im Viertel- und Halbtonbereich). Die besten Ergebnisse in dieser Hinsicht erhält man, wenn man in allen Arbeitsspalten dafür sorgt, daß die vorstehend angegebenen Grenzen eingehalten werden. Vielfach lassen sich die Ergebnisse der Papierbehandlung noch dadurch verbessern, daß die Walzen, insbesondere die Mittelwalzen in nicht veranschaulichter Weise in Hebeln gelagert sind, wobei mit Vorteil die überhängenden Gewichte durch Stützvorrichtungen kompensiert sind, wie dies aus EP 0 285 942 B1 bekannt ist.It was found that the printability of natural and light-coated papers is not necessarily related to the gloss or smoothness of the paper web, but rather to the compression or its reciprocal bulk (in cm 3 / g). The measure of the printability in the gravure printing process is determined by the number of "missing dots" (missing halftone dots in the quarter and halftone range). The best results in this regard can be obtained by ensuring that the above-mentioned limits are observed in all working columns. In many cases, the results of the paper treatment can be improved further by the fact that the rollers, in particular the center rollers, are mounted in levers in an unillustrated manner, the overhanging weights being advantageously compensated for by supporting devices, as is known from EP 0 285 942 B1.
Im Ausführungsbeispiel ist veranschaulicht, daß in jedem
Stapel 3, 4 die Oberwalze 5, 10, die Unterwalze 9,
14 und die Mittelwalze 7, 12 als harte Walzen ausgebildet
sind, die mit weichen Walzen 6, 8, 11, 13 zusammenwirken.
Es besteht aber auch die Möglichkeit, die drei
erstgenannten Walzen als weiche Walzen auszubilden und
als harte, vorzugsweise beheizbare Walzen die Mittelwalzen
6, 8, 11 und 13 vorzusehen.In the exemplary embodiment it is illustrated that in each
Claims (12)
- Calender for two-sided treatment of a paper web, in particular for producing paper capable of intaglio printing, with a roll stack which can be loaded from the end and which comprises hard rolls and soft rolls as well as working gaps formed in each case between a hard roll and a soft roll, wherein some of the rolls can be heated, characterised in that two identical stacks (3, 4) each with 5 rolls (5 to 9; 10 to 14) are provided, and at least for one working gap (15 to 22) the following condition applies:a) the gap width is selected so that the dwell time (t) is at least 0.1 ms,b) the heating (H) of one heatable roll (5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 14) defining the working gap is designed for a surface temperature (T) of at least 100°C,c) and the load (P) on the rolls is designed for a mean compressive stress in the working gap of more than 42 N/mm2.
- Calender according to claim 1, characterised in that the condition that the dwell time (t) is at most 0.9 ms and that the heating (H) is designed for a surface temperature of at most 150°C and the load (P) is designed for a mean compressive stress of up to 60 N/mm2 applies to at least one working gap (15 to 22).
- Calender according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the dwell time (t) is 0.2 to 0.5 ms, the surface temperature (T) is 110 to 125°C and the mean compressive stress (p) is 45 to 55 N/mm2.
- Calender according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the condition applies to the majority or all of the working gaps (15 to 22).
- Calender according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the upper and/or lower rolls (5, 9; 10, 14) can be controlled for deflection.
- Calender according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the upper and/or lower rolls (5, 9; 10, 14) are hard and can be heated.
- Calender according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the soft rolls (6, 8, 11, 13) carry a plastic covering (28).
- Calender according to claim 7, characterised in that the plastic covering (28) is designed for a compressive stress bearing capacity of up to 60 N/mm2.
- Calender according to claim 7 or 8, characterised in that the plastic covering (28) essentially consists of fibre-reinforced epoxy resin.
- Calender according to any of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the stacks are arranged in line with a paper-making machine (24) or spreading machine.
- Calender according to any of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that all the rolls (5 to 14) have a drive (27).
- Calender according to any of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the stacks (3, 4) are covered by a protective hood (40) which reduces the heat radiation.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19508353A DE19508353A1 (en) | 1995-03-09 | 1995-03-09 | Calender for the two-sided treatment of a paper web |
DE19508353 | 1995-03-09 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0732447A1 EP0732447A1 (en) | 1996-09-18 |
EP0732447B1 true EP0732447B1 (en) | 1998-11-25 |
EP0732447B2 EP0732447B2 (en) | 2004-12-29 |
Family
ID=7756123
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96103279A Expired - Lifetime EP0732447B2 (en) | 1995-03-09 | 1996-03-04 | Calender for treating a paper web on two faces |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5669295A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0732447B2 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2612681B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR0160398B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE173776T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2169979C (en) |
DE (2) | DE19508353A1 (en) |
EA (1) | EA000317B1 (en) |
NO (1) | NO307617B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19549669C2 (en) * | 1995-05-24 | 2002-10-10 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | calender |
DE19633671C2 (en) * | 1996-08-21 | 1999-03-11 | Voith Sulzer Finishing Gmbh | calender |
DE19811474A1 (en) * | 1998-03-17 | 1999-09-23 | Kuesters Eduard Maschf | Vertical arrangement of glazing rollers employed in paper manufacture |
US20030126998A1 (en) * | 1998-03-17 | 2003-07-10 | Eduard Kusters Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Calender arrangement |
US7096779B2 (en) | 1998-03-17 | 2006-08-29 | Eduard Küsters Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co. KG | Calender arrangement |
DE19940897C1 (en) * | 1999-08-27 | 2000-11-09 | Kuesters Beloit Gmbh & Co Kg | Calender for polishing both sides of paper web has two roller stacks of hard and soft outer and intermediate rollers, with second stack having reverse order to first stack configuration |
FI113072B (en) * | 1999-09-29 | 2004-02-27 | Metso Paper Inc | Method for multi-roll calender and multi-roll calender |
FI20000145A0 (en) * | 2000-01-25 | 2000-01-25 | Valmet Corp | Calendar |
FI113288B (en) * | 2000-02-16 | 2004-03-31 | Metso Paper Inc | Method and apparatus for calendering paper |
FI20001362A0 (en) * | 2000-06-07 | 2000-06-07 | Valmet Corp | Method for profiling a paper web |
DE10052187B4 (en) * | 2000-10-20 | 2013-12-24 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Method for smoothing a material web and calender for carrying out the method |
KR100435867B1 (en) * | 2001-11-06 | 2004-06-12 | 한솔제지주식회사 | Lab calender for surface treated paper sheet |
JP2003153677A (en) * | 2001-11-20 | 2003-05-27 | Japan Tobacco Inc | Manufacturing equipment for rod shaped article |
FI118857B (en) * | 2003-01-02 | 2008-04-15 | Metso Paper Inc | A method for calendering a fiber web and a calender |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0732446A1 (en) * | 1995-03-09 | 1996-09-18 | Voith Sulzer Finishing GmbH | Calender for treating a paper web on two faces |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US440377A (en) * | 1890-11-11 | Paper-calendering machine | ||
US628570A (en) * | 1899-04-03 | 1899-07-11 | Edward A Edmonds | Apparatus for imparting water-finish to paper. |
US715017A (en) * | 1902-07-08 | 1902-12-02 | Archibald Cameron | Paper-calendering machine. |
US1498237A (en) * | 1921-11-02 | 1924-06-17 | Daniels A Millard | Machine for surface finishing paper and similar materials |
US2300994A (en) * | 1938-08-09 | 1942-11-03 | Cons Water Power & Paper Co | Calender for paper |
US3153378A (en) * | 1961-12-04 | 1964-10-20 | Benjamin J H Nelson | Method of calendering |
US3270664A (en) * | 1964-06-22 | 1966-09-06 | Beloit Corp | Calender stack |
DE2919748C2 (en) * | 1979-05-10 | 1983-08-18 | Escher Wyss AG, Zürich | Rolling device for rolling web-shaped materials |
FI62874C (en) * | 1979-10-15 | 1983-03-10 | Valmet Oy | PAPER CALENDAR |
FI72768B (en) * | 1984-11-30 | 1987-03-31 | Waertsilae Oy Ab | NONKKLY AV AV PAPPERSBANA I SUPERKALANDER. |
FI71374C (en) * | 1984-12-31 | 1986-12-19 | Valmet Oy | FARING EQUIPMENT WITH A CALENDAR OF FISHING AV EN BANA |
DE3821027A1 (en) * | 1988-06-22 | 1989-12-28 | Kuesters Eduard Maschf | CALENDAR ARRANGEMENT |
DE4202047C2 (en) * | 1992-01-27 | 1995-08-31 | Escher Wyss Gmbh | Line force correction method |
US5237915A (en) * | 1992-02-04 | 1993-08-24 | The Mead Corporation | Mixed roll calender |
-
1995
- 1995-03-09 DE DE19508353A patent/DE19508353A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1996
- 1996-02-21 CA CA002169979A patent/CA2169979C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-03-04 AT AT96103279T patent/ATE173776T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-03-04 DE DE59600850T patent/DE59600850D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-04 EP EP96103279A patent/EP0732447B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-07 US US08/612,258 patent/US5669295A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-07 EA EA199600009A patent/EA000317B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-03-07 KR KR1019960005964A patent/KR0160398B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-03-08 NO NO960976A patent/NO307617B1/en unknown
- 1996-03-08 JP JP8051489A patent/JP2612681B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0732446A1 (en) * | 1995-03-09 | 1996-09-18 | Voith Sulzer Finishing GmbH | Calender for treating a paper web on two faces |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0732447B2 (en) | 2004-12-29 |
NO307617B1 (en) | 2000-05-02 |
EA000317B1 (en) | 1999-04-29 |
KR0160398B1 (en) | 1999-01-15 |
KR960034576A (en) | 1996-10-24 |
DE19508353A1 (en) | 1996-09-12 |
US5669295A (en) | 1997-09-23 |
CA2169979C (en) | 1999-03-23 |
NO960976L (en) | 1996-09-10 |
JPH08246383A (en) | 1996-09-24 |
ATE173776T1 (en) | 1998-12-15 |
JP2612681B2 (en) | 1997-05-21 |
NO960976D0 (en) | 1996-03-08 |
CA2169979A1 (en) | 1996-09-10 |
EA199600009A3 (en) | 1996-12-30 |
EP0732447A1 (en) | 1996-09-18 |
DE59600850D1 (en) | 1999-01-07 |
EA199600009A2 (en) | 1996-10-01 |
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