EP0692585B1 - Form-element - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0692585B1
EP0692585B1 EP95110700A EP95110700A EP0692585B1 EP 0692585 B1 EP0692585 B1 EP 0692585B1 EP 95110700 A EP95110700 A EP 95110700A EP 95110700 A EP95110700 A EP 95110700A EP 0692585 B1 EP0692585 B1 EP 0692585B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
shuttering element
walls
slots
element according
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EP95110700A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0692585A1 (en
Inventor
Manfred Bruer
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority claimed from DE19944424361 external-priority patent/DE4424361C2/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E04B2/8652Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with ties located in the joints of the forms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a formwork element with an inner and an outer wall made of hard foam and a certain number of crosspieces, which are anchored in a form-fitting manner in the two walls and fix them at a certain transverse distance from one another.
  • DE-U-70 20 765 describes a formwork element with two parallel wall parts which are held together by angled pieces of wire.
  • the simple hooking of the wire pieces in the wall parts is problematic with hard foam formwork elements, since the relatively soft hard foam can be deformed or even breaks out under the pressure of the inflowing concrete due to the unfavorable application of force.
  • Formwork elements made of rigid foam are already known, in which the crosspieces also consist of rigid foam and which are thus made in one piece from rigid foam.
  • the rigid foam crosspieces only allow them to be classified in a low fire resistance class, since the rigid foam crosspieces melt away in the event of a fire and the fire on the opposite one Can penetrate the wall side.
  • the rigid foam webs In order to be able to withstand the dynamic forces mentioned above during the filling process, the rigid foam webs must have a relatively large diameter, which limits the static load-bearing capacity of the wall. Due to the relatively large diameter, there is still the problem that the filling process is hindered in such a way that air pockets can occur.
  • the wide webs are also unsuitable for supporting reinforcing steels, since the reinforcing steels are not covered with concrete due to the wide support and are therefore susceptible to corrosion.
  • formwork elements made of rigid foam in which the crosspieces for holding the walls together consist of shaped steel sheets.
  • the steel sheets are subsequently inserted into fastening slots. Since the steel sheets are exposed to high loads during the filling process due to their large area, there was a risk of breakouts in the area of the fastening slots.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a formwork element of the type described in the opening paragraph, in which the above-mentioned problems relating to deformation and material breakouts do not appear.
  • the object is achieved in that the wire crosspieces rest on the base of fastening joints which extend vertically from the upper edge or lower edge of the wall and are open to the inside of the wall, and the legs of the wire crosspieces which are angled at their ends in a direction parallel to the wall , are anchored in elongated holes that extend parallel to the wall in the vertical direction in the expansion of the fastening joints.
  • the relatively large-area fastening receptacles of the wire webs and, above all, the ends that are angled in the longitudinal direction result in a very torsionally rigid formwork element, where the risk of material breakouts is excluded. Otherwise, due to the support of the wire crosspieces at the base of the fastening joints and the good abutment of the legs with their angled ends, a favorable introduction of force is achieved.
  • wire crosspieces can be easily inserted into the formwork walls from above and below, which, in contrast to the component described in DE-GM 70 20 765, enables simple assembly.
  • crossbars made of suitable, profiled plastics that can be fiber-reinforced can be used.
  • the formwork element is manufactured by foaming the walls with the fastening joints and then inserting the wire crosspieces.
  • the wire crosspieces are preferably anchored in the two walls near the upper and lower edges of the formwork element.
  • the wavy profile proves to be advantageous in the manufacture of the wall, since the correspondingly curved swords used in the manufacturing mold for the formwork element are stiffer than swords would be.
  • the fastening joints for receiving the wire pieces are each advantageously arranged in a solid area which lies between two slots in the row closest to the inside. In this way, a triangular force introduction area can be obtained, the favorable shape of which reduces the material load on the rigid foam during the filling process.
  • the slots taper towards their upper or lower end. This increases the strength of the wall and the fastening elements in the upper or lower region, and the shaping of the walls after the foaming process is simplified.
  • the formwork element shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 consists of two walls 10 and wire crosspieces 12 connecting them, which are U-shaped wire pieces.
  • the wire crosspieces 12 are inserted into fastening joints 14 on the top and bottom of the walls 10.
  • the formwork element has fastening elements 16, 17 and groove elements 18, 19 as fastening elements on all sides, which engage when fitting similar formwork elements together in corresponding nose and groove elements of the abutting surface.
  • the inside walls have vertical recesses 20, through which a better connection of the wall with the concrete filling is achieved.
  • the fastening joints 14 are designed so that the wire crosspieces 12 can easily be inserted into the walls from above or below, with a correspondingly small one Groove cross section is prevented that the wire crosspieces 12 can fall out of the fastening joints 14 when the formwork element is in the appropriate position.
  • the legs 22 of the U-shaped wire crosspieces 12 sit in holes 24 which extend in the vertical wall direction at the outer end of the fastening joints 14.
  • the fastening joints 14 are only designed to be relatively flat so that the wire crosspieces 12 form a cross connection in the area of the top and bottom of the formwork element, since in this area the load on the walls 10 is greatest during the filling process.
  • Fig. 1 you can also see two rows of air slots 26, 28 arranged in the wall 10.
  • the two rows of air slots 26, 28 ensure that the outside of the wall 10 carrying the plaster layer is decoupled from its inside in terms of vibration. For this it is necessary that the louvers 26, 28 are arranged to overlap and only a narrow web 30 remains in the overlap area between them. Bends 32, 34 of the edge areas of the air slots 26, 28 from one another lead to a further improvement in the acoustic decoupling.
  • the air slots 26, 28 have cross sections 36, 38 on the upper side which are smaller than the cross sections 40, 42 on the underside of the walls 10. As can be seen in FIG. 3, a conical section 44, 46 lies between these different cross sections The measure serves to improve the stability of the wall 10 in the region of its upper fastening elements 16, 18.
  • projections 47, 49 are provided in the central slot area (see also FIG. 6). The purpose of these is to allow the hard foam to be deformed only when the external force occurs until the projections 47, 49 bear against the opposite side of the slot, thereby avoiding impermissible stress on the material.
  • Another feature of the illustrated embodiment is that no air slots are arranged in the area of the fastening joints 14 for the wire crosspieces 12 and the air slots 28 located on the outside of the wall are also guided around this area.
  • the resultant, essentially triangular, material accumulation 48 guarantees an optimal introduction of force of the forces occurring during the filling process from the wall 10 into the wire crosspieces 12. Since the recesses in the slots 26, 28 for sound insulation purposes is at the expense of the stability of the walls 10, one is uniform force transmission of particular importance.
  • a crossed pair 50 of two wire webs can be used instead of two adjacent wire cross webs 12.
  • the two pieces of wire are fastened to one another in a suitable manner, for example welded or clamped together. This significantly improves the torsional stability of the formwork element.
  • FIG. 5 shows two possible variants 60, 70 of a simple wire crosspiece.
  • 62 reinforcement bars can be fixed between two brackets.
  • beads 72 are formed on the upper side of the wire crosspiece, into which the reinforcing steels can be inserted.
  • FIG. 6 and 7 show a possible embodiment variant of a formwork element.
  • the slots 26, 28 are connected in their overlap area by connecting holes 80 which extend perpendicular to the wall surface up to the outside of the wall and are closed on the outside during plastering. This creates a pressure equalization between the slots 26, 28, which significantly improves the sound insulation behavior of the filled and plastered formwork element in the low frequency range.
  • the holes have a hole diameter of approximately 5 mm, so that on the one hand the desired acoustic effect is achieved and on the other hand the application of the wall plaster is not unnecessarily difficult.
  • the side spacing of the holes depends on the position of the overlapping areas of the slots 26, 28.
  • connection holes 80 can be increased by additional connections (not shown) between the two rows of slots and / or between the slots of a row in the region of the fastening elements 16, 18.
  • adjacent thin air slots can be provided in the shuttering walls 10 of the shuttering element, which extend from below to approximately 1 cm below the nose elements on the top of the shuttering walls 10.
  • the louvers are preferably kept very narrow, e.g. B. only about 1 to 2 mm, on the one hand not to significantly affect the strength of the formwork element, but on the other hand to make the wall more flexible in the transverse direction and thereby to ensure an improved sound insulation behavior of the wall.
  • the louvers should take up about 2/3 of the total length of the formwork element. They each have a wave profile in the middle. This is advantageous because the correspondingly curved swords used to manufacture the narrow, long slots in the manufacturing mold for the formwork element are stiffer than swords would be.
  • This wavy design is also advantageous for the double rows of slots for the same reasons. In the double-row embodiment described, the wavy profile of the outer slots 28 in the region of the ribs 49 can be seen particularly well in FIG. 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)

Abstract

The shuttering element has an inner and outer hard foam wall with a certain number of wire cross bars (12) anchored between same. The cross bars adjoin the bottom of fixing gaps (14) which extend vertically from the upper and lower edges of the wall and open towards the inside of the wall. The arms (22) of the cross bars (12), which are angled at their ends parallel to the wall, are anchored in oblong holes (24) which extend parallel to the wall vertically in an extension of the fixing gaps. The wire cross bars can be U-shaped and arranged cross-wise between the walls. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung befaßt sich mit einem Schalungselement mit einer inneren und einer äußeren Wandung aus Hartschaum und einer bestimmten Anzahl von Querstegen, die formschlüssig in den beiden Wandungen verankert sind und diese in einem bestimmten Querabstand zueinander fixieren.The invention relates to a formwork element with an inner and an outer wall made of hard foam and a certain number of crosspieces, which are anchored in a form-fitting manner in the two walls and fix them at a certain transverse distance from one another.

Beim Bau von Gebäuden mit derartigen Schalungselementen geht man so vor, daß man zunächst die Wände aus Schalungselementen geschoßhoch errichtet und anschließend die Hohlräume zwischen den Wandungen der Schalungselemente mit Beton, Mörtel o. dgl. ausfüllt. Die Querstege haben dabei die Aufgabe, die beiden Wandungen unter den dynamischen Kräften während des Befüllungsvorgangs sowie unter den statischen Kräften des noch nicht verfestigten Betons in einem bestimmten Querabstand zueinander zu fixieren.When building buildings with such formwork elements, one proceeds by first building the walls from formwork elements to the floor and then filling the cavities between the walls of the formwork elements with concrete, mortar or the like. The transverse webs have the task of fixing the two walls at a certain transverse distance from one another under the dynamic forces during the filling process and under the static forces of the concrete that has not yet solidified.

In dem DE-U-70 20 765 ist ein Schalungselement mit zwei parallelen Wandteilen beschrieben, die durch abgewinkelte Drahtstücke zusammengehalten werden. Das einfache Einhaken der Drahtstücke in den Wandteilen ist jedoch bei Hartschaum-Schalungselementen problematisch, da der relativ weiche Hartschaum unter dem Druck des einfließenden Betons infolge der ungünstigen Krafteinleitung verformt werden kann oder gar ausbricht.DE-U-70 20 765 describes a formwork element with two parallel wall parts which are held together by angled pieces of wire. The simple hooking of the wire pieces in the wall parts is problematic with hard foam formwork elements, since the relatively soft hard foam can be deformed or even breaks out under the pressure of the inflowing concrete due to the unfavorable application of force.

Es sind bereits Schalungselemente aus Hartschaum bekannt, bei denen auch die Querstege aus Hartschaum bestehen und die somit einstückig aus Hartschaum gefertigt sind. Solche Schalungselemente besitzen jedoch eine Reihe von Nachteilen. Zunächst gestatten die Hartschaumquerstege nur die Einordnung in eine niedrige Feuerwiderstandsklasse, da die Hartschaumquerstege im Brandfall wegschmelzen und das Feuer auf die gegenüberliegende Wandseite durchdringen kann. Um den oben erwähnten dynamischen Kräften während des Befüllungsvorgangs standhalten zu können, müssen die Hartschaumstege einen verhältnismäßig großen Durchmesser haben, wodurch die statische Tragfähigkeit der Wand eingeschränkt wird. Durch den verhältnismäßig großen Durchmesser ergibt sich weiterhin das Problem, daß der Befüllungsvorgang derart behindert wird, daß Lufteinschlüsse entstehen können. Auch für die Auflage von Bewehrungsstählen sind die breiten Stege ungeeignet, da infolge der breiten Auflage die Bewehrungsstähle nicht mit Beton umhüllt werden und dadurch korrosionsanfällig sind.Formwork elements made of rigid foam are already known, in which the crosspieces also consist of rigid foam and which are thus made in one piece from rigid foam. However, such formwork elements have a number of disadvantages. First, the rigid foam crosspieces only allow them to be classified in a low fire resistance class, since the rigid foam crosspieces melt away in the event of a fire and the fire on the opposite one Can penetrate the wall side. In order to be able to withstand the dynamic forces mentioned above during the filling process, the rigid foam webs must have a relatively large diameter, which limits the static load-bearing capacity of the wall. Due to the relatively large diameter, there is still the problem that the filling process is hindered in such a way that air pockets can occur. The wide webs are also unsuitable for supporting reinforcing steels, since the reinforcing steels are not covered with concrete due to the wide support and are therefore susceptible to corrosion.

Weiterhin sind Schalungselemente aus Hartschaum bekannt, bei denen die Querstege zum Zusammenhalten der Wandungen aus geformten Stahlblechen bestehen. Dabei werden die Stahlbleche nachträglich in Befestigungsschlitze eingeschoben. Da die Stahlbleche wegen ihrer großen Fläche während des Befüllvorgangs großen Belastungen ausgesetzt sind, bestand die Gefahr von Ausbrüchen im Bereich der Befestigungsschlitze.Furthermore, formwork elements made of rigid foam are known, in which the crosspieces for holding the walls together consist of shaped steel sheets. The steel sheets are subsequently inserted into fastening slots. Since the steel sheets are exposed to high loads during the filling process due to their large area, there was a risk of breakouts in the area of the fastening slots.

Auch ist es bereits bekannt, geformte Stahlbleche als Stege direkt in die Wandungen mit einzuschäumen. Hierdurch erschwert sich jedoch die Herstellung der Schalungselemente mit einer damit verbundenen Erhöhung der Kosten. Legt man die Stege vor dem Schäumvorgang manuell in die Produktionsmaschine, erhöhen sich die Kosten für den Stillstand der Maschine und für die Arbeitsleistung erheblich, während eine automatische Beschickungseinrichtung angesichts der hohen Investitionskosten nur für Massenteile rentabel ist. Ein umfangreiches Schalungs-System, das durch eine Vielzahl verschiedener Formteile allen baulichen Erfordernissen und auch individuelleren Wünschen gerecht wird, läßt sich jedoch in derart hohen Stückzahlen kaum realisieren.It is also known to foam molded steel sheets directly into the walls as webs. This, however, complicates the manufacture of the formwork elements with an associated increase in costs. If the bars are manually placed in the production machine before the foaming process, the costs for the machine downtime and for the work performance increase considerably, while an automatic loading device is only profitable for mass parts in view of the high investment costs. An extensive formwork system, which meets all structural requirements and also more individual wishes through a variety of different molded parts, can hardly be realized in such large numbers.

Bei der Verwendung von Stahlblechen als Querstege ergibt sich zudem generell und unabhängig von ihrer Befestigung das Problem, daß sich an den relativ großen Flächen des Blechsteges Haarrisse bilden können, durch die das Wasser von der einen zur anderen Wandseite dringen kann. Insbesondere für Kelleraußenwände stellt dies ein gravierendes Problem dar.When using steel sheets as crosspieces, there is also the general problem and regardless of their attachment that hairline cracks can form on the relatively large areas of the sheet metal web, through which the water can penetrate from one side of the wall. This is a serious problem, particularly for basement outer walls.

Da die eingeschäumten Stahlblechstege aus Materialkostengründen in der Regel nur höchstens die halbe Höhe des Schalungselements besitzen, fehlen im Bereich der Ober- und Unterkante des Schalungselements die notwendigen Abstützungen durch die Stege. Während des Befüllungsvorgangs treten jedoch gerade in diesem Übergangsbereich zwischen den einzelnen Schalungselementen, in dem sie mit ihren Befestigungselementen (meist Nasen an der Oberkanten und Nuten an den Unterkanten der Schalungselemente) ineinandergreifen, wegen der Trennungsfuge die größten Belastungen auf.Since the foamed-in sheet steel webs generally only have at most half the height of the formwork element for reasons of material costs, the necessary supports by the webs are missing in the area of the upper and lower edge of the formwork element. During the filling process, however, the greatest stresses occur precisely in this transition area between the individual formwork elements, in which they engage with one another with their fastening elements (usually lugs on the upper edges and grooves on the lower edges of the formwork elements).

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Schalungselement der eingangs beschriebenen Art zu schaffen, bei welchem die oben genannten Probleme hinischtlich Verformung und Materialausbrüchen nicht in Erscheinung treten.The object of the invention is to provide a formwork element of the type described in the opening paragraph, in which the above-mentioned problems relating to deformation and material breakouts do not appear.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß die Drahtquerstege am Grund von Befestigungsfugen anliegen, die sich von der Oberkante bzw. Unterkante der Wandung senkrecht erstrecken und zur Wandinnenseite hin offen sind, und die Schenkel der Drahtquerstege, die an ihren Enden in wandparalleler Richtung abgewinkelt sind, in Langlöchern verankert sind, die sich in Erweiterung der Befestigungsfugen in senkrechter Richtung wandparallel erstrecken.According to the invention the object is achieved in that the wire crosspieces rest on the base of fastening joints which extend vertically from the upper edge or lower edge of the wall and are open to the inside of the wall, and the legs of the wire crosspieces which are angled at their ends in a direction parallel to the wall , are anchored in elongated holes that extend parallel to the wall in the vertical direction in the expansion of the fastening joints.

Durch die relativ großflächigen Befestigungsaufnahmen der Drahtstege und vor allem durch in Längsrichtung abgewinkelte Enden ergibt sich ein sehr verwindungssteifes Schalungselement, bei welchem die Gefahr von Materialausbrüchen ausgeschlossen ist. Im übrigen erreicht man aufgrund der Auflage der Drahtquerstege am Grund der Befestigungsfugen und der guten Anlage der Schenkel mit ihren abgewinkelten Enden eine günstige Krafteinleitung.The relatively large-area fastening receptacles of the wire webs and, above all, the ends that are angled in the longitudinal direction result in a very torsionally rigid formwork element, where the risk of material breakouts is excluded. Otherwise, due to the support of the wire crosspieces at the base of the fastening joints and the good abutment of the legs with their angled ends, a favorable introduction of force is achieved.

Vorteilhaft ist dabei auch, daß die Drahtquerstege leicht von oben und unten in die Schalungswände einzustecken sind, was, im Gegensatz zu dem in dem DE-GM 70 20 765 beschriebenen Bauteil, eine einfache Montage ermöglicht.It is also advantageous that the wire crosspieces can be easily inserted into the formwork walls from above and below, which, in contrast to the component described in DE-GM 70 20 765, enables simple assembly.

Wahlweise können statt metallischer Drahtstücke auch Querstege aus geeigneten, profilierten Kunststoffen, die faserverstärkt sein können, zum Einsatz kommen.Alternatively, instead of metallic pieces of wire, crossbars made of suitable, profiled plastics that can be fiber-reinforced can be used.

Die Herstellung des Schalungselements erfolgt durch Schäumen der Wandungen mit den Befestigungsfugen und anschließendes Einstecken der Drahtquerstege.The formwork element is manufactured by foaming the walls with the fastening joints and then inserting the wire crosspieces.

Vorzugsweise sind die Drahtquerstege nahe der oberen und unteren Kante des Schalungselements in den beiden Wandungen verankert.The wire crosspieces are preferably anchored in the two walls near the upper and lower edges of the formwork element.

Dies hat den Vorteil, daß die Drahtquerstege genau in den Bereichen des Schalungselements angeordnet sind, in denen während des Befüllungsvorgangs die kritischsten Belastungswerte auftreten.This has the advantage that the wire crosspieces are arranged precisely in the areas of the formwork element in which the most critical load values occur during the filling process.

Eine noch höhere Verwindungsstabilität ergibt sich durch die Anordnung der Drahtstege in Kreuzform, wobei die beiden sich kreuzenden Stege im Kreuzungspunkt zweckmäßigerweise aneinander befestigt sind.An even higher torsional stability results from the arrangement of the wire webs in a cross shape, the two crossing webs being expediently fastened to one another at the crossing point.

Zur Arretierung von Bewehrungsstählen ist es weiterhin zweckmäßig, die Drahtquerstege mit Sicken auszuformen oder Halterungen anzuschweißen, beispielsweise in Form senkrechter Drähte. So besteht keine Gefahr, daß die Bewehrungsstähle während des Befüllungsvorgangs mit Beton aus ihrer Sollposition gedrückt werden.To lock reinforcing steel, it is also advisable to shape the wire crosspieces with beads or brackets to weld, for example in the form of vertical wires. So there is no danger that the reinforcement steels will be pushed out of their target position during the filling process with concrete.

Die besonders günstige Krafteinleitung zwischen Drahtsteg und Wandung ermöglicht die Vornahme wirksamer Schalldämmaßnahmen, die sonst zu Lasten der Strukturfestigkeit der Schalungswandungen gingen. In weiterer bevorzugter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist zu diesem Zweck vorgesehen, daß in jeder Wandung wenigstens eine Reihe im wesentlichen wandparalleler Schlitze vorhanden ist, deren Zwischenabstand in jeder Reihe wesentlich kleiner als die Schlitzlänge ist, die sich im wesentlichen über die Höhe der Wandung des Schalungselements erstrekken und die ein welliges Profil aufweisen.The particularly favorable force transmission between the wire web and the wall enables effective sound insulation measures to be taken, which would otherwise have a negative impact on the structural strength of the formwork walls. In a further preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided for this purpose that at least one row of essentially wall-parallel slots is provided in each wall, the spacing between them in each row being substantially smaller than the slot length, which extends essentially over the height of the wall of the formwork element and which have a wavy profile.

Dies hat die vorteilhafte Wirkung, daß die Außenseite der Wandung, an welcher der Wandputz aufgebracht wird, akustisch von der inneren Wandung, die unmittelbar an die Betonfüllung anschließt, entkoppelt ist. Während bisher der Wandputz mit der Hartschaumwandung des Schalungselements ein schwingfähiges Gebilde darstellte, welches die Schwingung nahezu ungedämpft auf die andere Wandseite mit einem weiteren schwingungsfähigen Gebilde aus Putz und Hartschaumwandung übertragen konnte, ist durch die Luftschlitze eine Schwingungsübertragung durch die Wand nur noch in stark verringertem Maße möglich.This has the advantageous effect that the outside of the wall, to which the wall plaster is applied, is acoustically decoupled from the inner wall, which immediately adjoins the concrete filling. While previously the wall plaster with the hard foam wall of the formwork element represented an oscillatable structure, which could transmit the vibration almost undamped to the other wall side with another oscillatory structure made of plaster and hard foam wall, the air vents only significantly reduced vibration transmission through the wall possible.

Das wellige Profil erweist sich bei der Herstellung der Wandung als vorteilhaft, da die in der Herstellungsform für das Schalungselement benutzten, entsprechend gewölbten Schwerter steifer sind, als es gerade Schwerter wären.The wavy profile proves to be advantageous in the manufacture of the wall, since the correspondingly curved swords used in the manufacturing mold for the formwork element are stiffer than swords would be.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung ist vorgesehen, daß zwei Reihen Schlitze vorhanden sind und die Schlitze der einen Reihe zu den Schlitzen der anderen Reihe versetzt und überlappend angeordnet sind.In a further embodiment it is provided that there are two rows of slots and the slots of one row the slots of the other row are offset and arranged overlapping.

Hierdurch wird die Entkopplung der Außenseite der Wandung von ihrer Innenseite verändert. Das Dämpfungsverhalten ändert sich dabei in Abhängigkeit von der Frequenz, so daß sich in bestimmten Frequenzbereichen Verbesserungen erzielen lassen.This changes the decoupling of the outside of the wall from its inside. The damping behavior changes depending on the frequency, so that improvements can be achieved in certain frequency ranges.

Die Befestigungsfugen zur Aufnahme der Drahtstücke sind vorteilhafterweise jeweils in einem massiven Bereich angeordnet, der zwischen zwei Schlitzen der der Innenseite nächsten Reihe liegt. Dabei läßt sich ein dreiecksförmiger Krafteinleitungsbereich gewinnen, dessen günstige Formgestaltung die Materialbelastung des Hartschaums während des Befüllungsvorgangs verringert.The fastening joints for receiving the wire pieces are each advantageously arranged in a solid area which lies between two slots in the row closest to the inside. In this way, a triangular force introduction area can be obtained, the favorable shape of which reduces the material load on the rigid foam during the filling process.

In noch weiterer bevorzugter Ausgestaltung ist vorgesehen, daß sich die Schlitze zu ihrem oberen oder unteren Ende hin verjüngen. Hierdurch wird die Festigkeit der Wandung und der Befestigungselemente im oberen oder unteren Bereich erhöht, und das Ausformen der Wandungen nach dem Aufschäumvorgang wird vereinfacht.In a still further preferred embodiment it is provided that the slots taper towards their upper or lower end. This increases the strength of the wall and the fastening elements in the upper or lower region, and the shaping of the walls after the foaming process is simplified.

Im folgenden wird anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen näher auf Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung eingegangen. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Draufsicht eines Schalungselements mit Drahtquerstegen;
Fig. 2
eine Stirnansicht des Schalungselements nach Fig. 1;
Fig. 3
einen Querschnitt des Schalungselements nach Fig. 1;
Fig. 4
eine Variante der Drahtquerstege nach Fig. 1 und 2 mit gekreuzten Drahtstegen;
Fig. 5
zwei mögliche Ausführungen der Drahtstege mit Halterungen für Bewehrungsstähle;
Fig. 6
einen Längsschnitt einer Variante des Schalungselements nach Fig. 1 und
Fig. 7
eine Seitenansicht des Schalungselements nach Fig. 6.
In the following, exemplary embodiments of the invention are discussed in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1
a plan view of a formwork element with wire crosspieces;
Fig. 2
an end view of the formwork element of FIG. 1;
Fig. 3
a cross section of the formwork element of FIG. 1;
Fig. 4
a variant of the wire crosspieces of Figures 1 and 2 with crossed wire webs.
Fig. 5
two possible versions of the wire webs with brackets for reinforcing steel;
Fig. 6
a longitudinal section of a variant of the formwork element according to Fig. 1 and
Fig. 7
6 shows a side view of the formwork element according to FIG. 6.

Das in Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 gzeigte Schalungselement besteht aus zwei Wandungen 10 und aus sie verbindenden Drahtquerstegen 12, die U-förmig gebogene Drahtstücke sind. Die Drahtquerstege 12 sind in Befestigungsfugen 14 an der Ober- und Unterseite der Wandungen 10 eingesteckt.The formwork element shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 consists of two walls 10 and wire crosspieces 12 connecting them, which are U-shaped wire pieces. The wire crosspieces 12 are inserted into fastening joints 14 on the top and bottom of the walls 10.

Das Schalungselement weist als Befestigungselemente allseitig Nasenelemente 16, 17 und Nutelemente 18, 19 auf, die beim Aneinanderreihen gleichartiger Schalungselemente in entsprechende Nasen- und Nutelemente der anstoßenden Fläche eingreifen. Die Wandungsinnenseiten weisen senkrechte Vertiefungen 20 auf, durch welche eine bessere Verbindung der Wandung mit der Betonfüllung erreicht wird.The formwork element has fastening elements 16, 17 and groove elements 18, 19 as fastening elements on all sides, which engage when fitting similar formwork elements together in corresponding nose and groove elements of the abutting surface. The inside walls have vertical recesses 20, through which a better connection of the wall with the concrete filling is achieved.

Die Seitenansicht gemäß Fig. 2 verdeutlicht die Befestigung der U-förmigen Drahtquerstege 12 in den Befestigungsfugen 14. Die Befestigungsfugen 14 sind dabei so angelegt, daß die Drahtquerstege 12 von oben bzw. unten leicht in die Wandungen eingesteckt werden können, wobei durch einen entsprechend kleinen Nutquerschnitt verhindert wird, daß die Drahtquerstege 12 bei entsprechender Lage des Schalungselements aus den Befestigungsfugen 14 herausfallen können. Die Schenkel 22 der U-förmigen Drahtquerstege 12 sitzen in Löchern 24, die sich in senkrechter Wandungsrichtung am äußeren Ende der Befestigungsfugen 14 erstrecken. Die Befestigungsfugen 14 sind nur relativ flach ausgelegt, damit die Drahtquerstege 12 im Bereich der Ober- bzw. Unterseite des Schalungselements eine Querverbindung darstellen, da in diesem Bereich die Belastung der Wandungen 10 während des Befüllungsvorgangs am größten ist.2 illustrates the fastening of the U-shaped wire crosspieces 12 in the fastening joints 14. The fastening joints 14 are designed so that the wire crosspieces 12 can easily be inserted into the walls from above or below, with a correspondingly small one Groove cross section is prevented that the wire crosspieces 12 can fall out of the fastening joints 14 when the formwork element is in the appropriate position. The legs 22 of the U-shaped wire crosspieces 12 sit in holes 24 which extend in the vertical wall direction at the outer end of the fastening joints 14. The fastening joints 14 are only designed to be relatively flat so that the wire crosspieces 12 form a cross connection in the area of the top and bottom of the formwork element, since in this area the load on the walls 10 is greatest during the filling process.

Zur Verbesserung der Verwindungsstabilität des Schalungselements ist es zweckmäßig, die Drahtquerstege 12 an den Enden ihrer Schenkel in wandparalleler Richtung abzuwinkeln oder umzuknicken. Die Befestigungsfugen 14 und Löcher 24 müssen dann selbstverständlich entsprechend in wandparalleler Richtung erweitert sein.In order to improve the torsion stability of the formwork element, it is expedient to bend or fold the wire crosspieces 12 at the ends of their legs in a direction parallel to the wall. The fastening joints 14 and holes 24 must then of course be expanded accordingly in the direction parallel to the wall.

In Fig. 1 erkennt man weiterhin zweireihig in der Wandung 10 angeordnete Luftschlitze 26, 28. Die beiden Reihen Luftschlitze 26, 28 sorgen dafür, daß die die Putzschicht tragende Außenseite der Wandung 10 von ihrer Innenseite schwingungstechnisch entkoppelt ist. Dazu ist es notwendig, daß die Luftschlitze 26, 28 überlappend angeordnet sind und im Überlappungsbereich zwischen ihnen nur ein schmaler Steg 30 verbleibt. Abwinklungen 32, 34 der Randbereiche der Luftschlitze 26, 28 gegeneinander führen zu einer weiteren Verbesserung der akustischen Entkopplung. Die Luftschlitze 26, 28 besitzen an der Oberseite Querschnitte 36, 38, die kleiner sind als die Querschnitte 40, 42 an der Unterseite der Wandungen 10. Wie aus Fig. 3 ersichtlich, liegt zwischen diesen unterschiedlichen Querschnitten ein konischer Abschnitt 44, 46. Diese Maßnahme dient dazu, die Stabilität der Wandung 10 im Bereich ihrer oberen Befestigungselemente 16, 18 zu verbessern.In Fig. 1 you can also see two rows of air slots 26, 28 arranged in the wall 10. The two rows of air slots 26, 28 ensure that the outside of the wall 10 carrying the plaster layer is decoupled from its inside in terms of vibration. For this it is necessary that the louvers 26, 28 are arranged to overlap and only a narrow web 30 remains in the overlap area between them. Bends 32, 34 of the edge areas of the air slots 26, 28 from one another lead to a further improvement in the acoustic decoupling. The air slots 26, 28 have cross sections 36, 38 on the upper side which are smaller than the cross sections 40, 42 on the underside of the walls 10. As can be seen in FIG. 3, a conical section 44, 46 lies between these different cross sections The measure serves to improve the stability of the wall 10 in the region of its upper fastening elements 16, 18.

Im Bereich der größeren Querschnitte 40, 42 sind im mittleren Schlitzbereich Vorsprünge 47, 49 vorgesehen (siehe auch Fig. 6). Diese haben den Zweck, bei auftretender äußerer Krafteinwirkung eine Verformung des Hartschaums nur soweit zuzulassen, bis sich die Vorsprünge 47, 49 an die gegenüberliegende Schlitzseite anlegen, wodurch eine unzulässige Materialbeanspruchung vermieden wird.In the area of the larger cross sections 40, 42, projections 47, 49 are provided in the central slot area (see also FIG. 6). The purpose of these is to allow the hard foam to be deformed only when the external force occurs until the projections 47, 49 bear against the opposite side of the slot, thereby avoiding impermissible stress on the material.

Ein weiteres Merkmal des dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels besteht darin, daß im Bereich der Befestigungsfugen 14 für die Drahtquerstege 12 keine Luftschlitze angeordnet sind und auch die an der Wandaußenseite gelegenen Luftschlitze 28 um diesen Bereich herumgeführt sind. Die dabei entstehende, insgesamt im wesentlichen dreiecksförmige Materialanhäufung 48 garantiert eine optimale Krafteinleitung der während des Befüllungsvorgangs auftretenden Kräfte von der Wandung 10 in die Drahtquerstege 12. Da die Aussparung der Schlitze 26, 28 zu Schalldämmzwecken zu Lasten der Stabilität der Wandungen 10 geht, ist eine gleichmäßige Krafteinleitung von besonderer Wichtigkeit.Another feature of the illustrated embodiment is that no air slots are arranged in the area of the fastening joints 14 for the wire crosspieces 12 and the air slots 28 located on the outside of the wall are also guided around this area. The resultant, essentially triangular, material accumulation 48 guarantees an optimal introduction of force of the forces occurring during the filling process from the wall 10 into the wire crosspieces 12. Since the recesses in the slots 26, 28 for sound insulation purposes is at the expense of the stability of the walls 10, one is uniform force transmission of particular importance.

Um bei eventuell auftretenden Längskräften die beiden Wandungen 10 gegeneinander zu stabilisieren, kann statt zweier nebeneinanderliegender Drahtquerstege 12 ein gekreuztes Paar 50 zweier Drahtstege gemäß Fig. 4 zum Einsatz kommen. Im Kreuzungspunkt 52 sind die beiden Drahtstücke in geeigneter Weise aneinander befestigt, beispielsweise verschweißt oder miteinander verklammert. Die Verwindungsstabilität des Schalungselements wird dadurch deutlich verbessert.In order to stabilize the two walls 10 against one another in the event of any longitudinal forces that may occur, a crossed pair 50 of two wire webs according to FIG. 4 can be used instead of two adjacent wire cross webs 12. At the point of intersection 52, the two pieces of wire are fastened to one another in a suitable manner, for example welded or clamped together. This significantly improves the torsional stability of the formwork element.

In Fig. 5 sind zwei mögliche Varianten 60, 70 eines einfachen Drahtquersteges gezeigt. Bei ersterer sind zwischen zwei Halterungen 62 Bewehrungsstähle fixierbar. Bei der zweiten in Fig. 5 dargestellten Variante 70 sind an der Oberseite des Drahtquersteges Sicken 72 ausgebildet, in welche die Bewehrungsstähle einlegbar sind. Durch diese einfachen konstruktiven Maßnahmen wird eine sichere Verankerung der Bewehrungsstähle während des Befüllungsvorgangs gewährleistet. Das bisher umständliche Sichern mit irgendwo eingehakten Drahtschlingen kann entfallen.5 shows two possible variants 60, 70 of a simple wire crosspiece. In the former, 62 reinforcement bars can be fixed between two brackets. In the second variant 70 shown in FIG. 5, beads 72 are formed on the upper side of the wire crosspiece, into which the reinforcing steels can be inserted. These simple structural measures ensure that the reinforcing steel is securely anchored guaranteed during the filling process. The previously cumbersome securing with wire loops hooked in somewhere can be omitted.

Fig. 6 und Fig. 7 zeigen eine mögliche Ausführungsvariante eines Schalungselements. Die Schlitze 26, 28 sind dabei in ihrem Überlappungsbereich durch Verbindungslöcher 80 verbunden, die sich senkrecht zur Wandoberfläche bis zur Wandaußenseite hin erstrecken und beim Verputzen außen geschlossen werden. Dadurch wird ein Druckausgleich zwischen den Schlitzen 26, 28 geschaffen, der das Schalldämmverhalten des befüllten und mit Wandputz versehenen Schalungselementes im tiefen Frequenzbereich deutlich verbessert. Die Löcher besitzen ungefähr einen Lochdurchmesser von 5 mm, damit einerseits die angestrebte akustische Wirkung erreicht und andererseits das Aufbringen des Wandputzes nicht unnötig erschwert wird. Der Seitenabstand der Löcher richtet sich nach der Lage der Überlappungsbereiche der Schlitze 26, 28. Innerhalb eines Überlappungsbereiches, der sich senkrecht von der Oberseite zur Unterseite der Wandung 10 erstreckt, sind eine Mehrzahl von Verbindungslöchern in bestimmtem Abstand zueinander vorgesehen, in der dargestellten bevorzugten Ausführungsform vier Löcher bei einer Höhe des Schalungselementes von 25 cm.6 and 7 show a possible embodiment variant of a formwork element. The slots 26, 28 are connected in their overlap area by connecting holes 80 which extend perpendicular to the wall surface up to the outside of the wall and are closed on the outside during plastering. This creates a pressure equalization between the slots 26, 28, which significantly improves the sound insulation behavior of the filled and plastered formwork element in the low frequency range. The holes have a hole diameter of approximately 5 mm, so that on the one hand the desired acoustic effect is achieved and on the other hand the application of the wall plaster is not unnecessarily difficult. The side spacing of the holes depends on the position of the overlapping areas of the slots 26, 28. Within a overlapping area that extends perpendicularly from the top to the bottom of the wall 10, a plurality of connecting holes are provided at a certain distance from one another, in the preferred embodiment shown four holes at a height of the formwork element of 25 cm.

Die Wirkung der Verbindungslöcher 80 kann durch zusätzliche Verbindungen (nicht gezeigt) zwischen den beiden Schlitzreihen und/oder zwischen den Schlitzen einer Reihe im Bereich der Befestigungselemente 16, 18 noch gesteigert werden.The effect of the connection holes 80 can be increased by additional connections (not shown) between the two rows of slots and / or between the slots of a row in the region of the fastening elements 16, 18.

Statt der zweireihigen Schlitze 26 können in den Schalungswänden 10 des Schalungselements nebeneinanderliegende dünne Luftschlitze vorgesehen sein, die sich von unten bis ungefähr knapp 1 cm unter die Nasenelemente an der Oberseite der Schalungswände 10 erstrecken. Die Luftschlitze sind vorzugsweise sehr schmal gehalten, z. B. nur ca. 1 bis 2 mm, um einerseits die Festigkeit des Schalungselement nicht wesentlich zu beeinträchtigen, andererseits jedoch die Wand in Querrichtung biegeweicher zu machen und dadurch für ein verbessertes Schalldämmverhalten der Wand zu sorgen. Dabei sollten die Luftschlitze ungefähr 2/3 der Gesamtlänge des Schalungselements einnehmen. In ihrer Mitte besitzen sie jeweils ein Wellenprofil. Dieses ist vorteilhaft, weil die zur Herstellung der schmalen, langen Schlitze in der Herstellungsform für das Schalungselement benutzten, entsprechend gewölbten Schwerter steifer sind, als es gerade Schwerter wären. Auch bei den doppelten Schlitzreihen ist diese wellige Ausbildung aus denselben Gründen von Vorteil. Im beschriebenen, doppelreihigen Ausführungsbeispiel ist in Fig. 1 die wellige Profilierung der äußeren Schlitze 28 im Bereich der Rippen 49 besonders gut zu erkennen.Instead of the two-row slots 26, adjacent thin air slots can be provided in the shuttering walls 10 of the shuttering element, which extend from below to approximately 1 cm below the nose elements on the top of the shuttering walls 10. The louvers are preferably kept very narrow, e.g. B. only about 1 to 2 mm, on the one hand not to significantly affect the strength of the formwork element, but on the other hand to make the wall more flexible in the transverse direction and thereby to ensure an improved sound insulation behavior of the wall. The louvers should take up about 2/3 of the total length of the formwork element. They each have a wave profile in the middle. This is advantageous because the correspondingly curved swords used to manufacture the narrow, long slots in the manufacturing mold for the formwork element are stiffer than swords would be. This wavy design is also advantageous for the double rows of slots for the same reasons. In the double-row embodiment described, the wavy profile of the outer slots 28 in the region of the ribs 49 can be seen particularly well in FIG. 1.

Claims (10)

  1. A shuttering element having an inner wall and an outer wall (10) of hard foam and a given number of transverse wire webs (12) which are anchored in a form-locking manner in the two walls (10) and then locate the latter at a given transverse distance apart, characterised in that the transverse wire webs (12,50,60,70) abut against the base of fastening grooves (14) which extend vertically from the upper edge and lower edge respectively of the walls and are open towards the wall inner sides, and the arms (22) of the transverse wire webs (12, 50, 60, 70), which are bent at their ends in a direction parallel to the walls, are anchored in oblong holes (24) which extend in a vertical direction parallel to the walls in enlargement of the fastening grooves (14).
  2. A shuttering element according to Claim 1, characterised in that the transverse wire webs (12) are anchored in the two walls (10) near to the upper edge and lower edge of the shuttering element.
  3. A shuttering element according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the transverse wire webs (12) are substantially U-shaped.
  4. A shuttering element according to any one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the transverse wire webs (50) are disposed at least partly in the form of a cross between the walls (10).
  5. A shuttering element according to Claim 4, characterised in that the transverse wire webs (50) are fastened to one another at the point of intersection.
  6. A shuttering element according to any one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that corrugations (72) are formed in or retaining means (62) are welded to the transverse wire webs (60,70), in which steel reinforcing rods can be inserted.
  7. A shuttering element according to any one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that in each wall (10) there is provided at least one row of thin slots (26,28) which are substantially parallel to the walls, the distance between which is substantially smaller than the slot length, which extend substantially over the height of the shuttering element and which are of undulating profile.
  8. A shuttering element according to Claim 7, characterised in that two rows of slots (26,28) are provided and the slots (26,28) of one row are disposed offset and overlapping with respect to the slots (26,28) of the other row.
  9. A shuttering element according to Claim 7 or 8, characterised in that the fastening grooves (14) for accommodating the transverse wire webs (12) are each disposed in a solid region (48) which is situated between two slots (26) of the row next to the inside.
  10. A shuttering element according to any one of Claims 7 to 9, characterised in that the slots (26,28) taper towards their upper or lower ends.
EP95110700A 1994-07-11 1995-07-08 Form-element Expired - Lifetime EP0692585B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19944424361 DE4424361C2 (en) 1994-07-11 1994-07-11 Formwork element
DE4424361 1994-07-11
DE19507199 1995-03-02
DE19507199 1995-03-02

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EP0692585A1 EP0692585A1 (en) 1996-01-17
EP0692585B1 true EP0692585B1 (en) 1997-11-19

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104234415A (en) * 2014-09-28 2014-12-24 中国建筑第五工程局有限公司东莞分公司 Tie structure embedded multifunctional formwork-undetached construction method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1297654B1 (en) * 1997-09-02 1999-12-20 Salvatore Trovato SYSTEM FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LOAD-BEARING AND NON-LOADING WALLS, WITH VARIABLE THICKNESS, INSULATED AND WITH FINISHED PARAMENTS, BY ASSEMBLING A
IT1300919B1 (en) * 1998-05-19 2000-05-29 Studio Arch Claudio Luchini PREFABRICATED FINISHING MODULE FOR THE REALIZATION OF BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS AND BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS SO OBTAINED.
FR2881423B1 (en) * 2005-02-02 2007-04-20 Henri Clervil COMPOSITION FOR INSULATING CONCRETE, CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT FOR CARRYING OUT A LOST FORMWORK PRODUCED WITH THIS CONCRETE, LOST FORMWORK PRODUCED THEREFROM, AND CARRYING WALL MADE THEREFROM
DE202010007650U1 (en) * 2010-05-06 2010-09-16 Holzmann Gmbh & Co. Kg An element
CN107747369A (en) * 2017-09-26 2018-03-02 河南省森源建筑安装工程有限公司 One kind insulation building and its construction process

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DE7020765U (en) 1970-06-03 1970-08-27 Rachinger Hermann Julius PREFABRICATED COMPONENT.
DE2500256A1 (en) * 1975-01-04 1976-07-08 Franz Koch Spaced double walled slab masonry - comprising concrete side holed slabs engaged by double T shaped interconnecting bars
US4562901A (en) * 1983-10-12 1986-01-07 Miguel C. Junger Sound absorptive structural block with sequenced cavities
PT79023B (en) * 1984-02-14 1986-06-03 Bruer Manfred CONNECTING BRACKET OF METAL PLATE FOR FORMWORK ELEMENTS FOR CONSTRUCTING FIRE WALLS
CA1304952C (en) * 1988-12-16 1992-07-14 Serge Meilleur Insulating formwork for concrete wall

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104234415A (en) * 2014-09-28 2014-12-24 中国建筑第五工程局有限公司东莞分公司 Tie structure embedded multifunctional formwork-undetached construction method
CN104234415B (en) * 2014-09-28 2016-08-24 中国建筑第五工程局有限公司东莞分公司 Embedded drawknot structure multifunctional non-dismantling formwork construction method

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ATE160408T1 (en) 1997-12-15

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