EP0678634A1 - Sound damping construction element - Google Patents

Sound damping construction element Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0678634A1
EP0678634A1 EP95105673A EP95105673A EP0678634A1 EP 0678634 A1 EP0678634 A1 EP 0678634A1 EP 95105673 A EP95105673 A EP 95105673A EP 95105673 A EP95105673 A EP 95105673A EP 0678634 A1 EP0678634 A1 EP 0678634A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate
component according
profiles
sound
bores
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP95105673A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Peter Hötger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deutsche Pittsburgh Corning GmbH
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Deutsche Pittsburgh Corning GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0678634A1 publication Critical patent/EP0678634A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B1/86—Sound-absorbing elements slab-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B2001/8263—Mounting of acoustical elements on supporting structure, e.g. framework or wall surface
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
    • E04B2001/8476—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling
    • E04B2001/848—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling the cavities opening onto the face of the element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
    • E04B2001/8476—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling
    • E04B2001/848—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling the cavities opening onto the face of the element
    • E04B2001/8485—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling the cavities opening onto the face of the element the opening being restricted, e.g. forming Helmoltz resonators
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
    • E04B2001/8476—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling
    • E04B2001/848—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling the cavities opening onto the face of the element
    • E04B2001/849—Groove or slot type openings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
    • E04B2001/8476—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling
    • E04B2001/848—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling the cavities opening onto the face of the element
    • E04B2001/8495—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling the cavities opening onto the face of the element the openings going through from one face to the other face of the element

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a component for sound absorption in the form of a plate or the like.
  • Such plate-shaped components for absorption sound attenuation are known in various embodiments and materials.
  • such components made of elasticized foam plastics are used, which have various disadvantages, in particular, these foam plastics are flammable and contain, in part, environmentally harmful propellants, such as CFCs, petan, etc., so that they no longer meet fire protection regulations and newer environmental regulations.
  • environmentally harmful propellants such as CFCs, petan, etc.
  • they easily absorb moisture and are not diffusion-tight, which is also a disadvantage, especially in closed rooms.
  • Such components are also known from mineral fibers (glass or rock wool), which, however, also have negative properties, in particular their low dimensional stability, so that they can hardly be used as a self-supporting component, and a disadvantageous fiber fly.
  • these mineral fibers can contain harmful binders (formaldehyde).
  • It Belly plates based on cement-bound expanded mineral aggregates are also known (DE 28 32 787 C2), it being possible for the building boards to be provided with surface profiles.
  • Such building boards consisting of a plurality of different components are, however, only complex to produce and are accordingly expensive.
  • a similar solution is known from DE 23 23 659 B2.
  • foam glass panels have been known for decades (Umblia, Elmar: Foam Glass Building Materials, in: Glass, June 1955, pp. 288-290,292), which are mainly used as thermal insulation elements. To a certain extent, these foam glass panels are also suitable for sound insulation (sound transmission insulation of around 20dB), but not for sound absorption, since they strongly reflect the sound, which is a considerable disadvantage in closed rooms, since this increases the noise level in the room itself.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a sound-absorbing component which is non-combustible, environmentally compatible, not harmful to health and easily recyclable or disposable and easy to produce.
  • the plate consists of foam glass and at least one plate surface is provided with profiles.
  • sheets of foam glass which have been known for decades and which are already used for heat / cold insulation, have hitherto seemed unsuitable for sound insulation in the technical field, have excellent sound absorption properties, in particular with regard to absorption sound absorption, if, otherwise than in the known thermal insulation insert, the sheets of foam glass are provided with a surface profile. Surprisingly, this results in components with excellent sound insulation and sound insulation, ie both excellent damping in a closed room and excellent sound insulation to the outside. Through a suitable choice of the profile, a frequency-dependent absorption and thus an object-related possibility of sound absorption can be set.
  • the type of profiling selected is therefore dependent on the type of sound to be damped (for example in shooting ranges, engine test benches, recording studios, workshops, etc.), several components with different profiles can also be combined.
  • Such components according to the invention can be produced in the simplest way and are easy to work with, and are non-flammable, waterproof, vapor-tight, pressure-resistant, acid-resistant, dimensionally stable, pest-safe and structurally neutral as well as recyclable, environmentally friendly and easy to dispose of.
  • the profiles are designed as elongated, groove-shaped grooves. These corrugations are preferably arranged in parallel and, depending on the desired direction of sound, in particular arranged vertically or horizontally.
  • the components designed in this way can also be used as heat conduction channels if these components are provided with vertical grooves extending over the entire height of a wall surface. These components can also be used for impact sound insulation in floor areas and are then also suitable for holding underfloor heating pipes.
  • the profiles are designed as transverse bores, which can be arranged transversely to the plate surface or obliquely thereto (at an angle other than 90 °).
  • the transverse bores are advantageously designed as blind holes and / or penetrate the plate completely.
  • the appropriate choice of bores or grooves depends on the respective sound analysis that is carried out in the room to be insulated. The cheapest profiling can then be determined in a simple manner. It is also possible to combine panels with different profiles arranged side by side and / or one behind the other.
  • the cross bores are conical and that in particular the cross bores in the interior of the plate initially taper, in order then to be able to gradually expand to a larger bore size.
  • the plate has a density of 100 to 200 kg / m3, higher densities of 150 to 200 kg / m3 being particularly advantageous. It has been found that the absorbency increases with increasing density.
  • the plate is provided with a plate-shaped front and / or rear coating, which can be glued on, for example, and preferably consists of a non-combustible material, for example a cement-bound, tissue-bound expanded clay or gypsum fiber or metal.
  • a plate-shaped front and / or rear coating which can be glued on, for example, and preferably consists of a non-combustible material, for example a cement-bound, tissue-bound expanded clay or gypsum fiber or metal.
  • a component according to the invention for sound absorption is generally designated 1 in the drawings.
  • This component has a plate 2 made of foam glass, which is for example 45 cm wide, 60 cm long and 5 cm thick, although other dimensions can of course also be provided.
  • This plate 2 is at least on the front, which is arranged to the inside of a room, provided with profiles of the surface, which are formed in the embodiment of FIG. 1 as transverse bores 3 and vertical, parallel groove-shaped grooves 4, which extend over the entire length of the plate extend.
  • the transverse bores 3 are preferably arranged in rows one above the other, as can be seen in FIG. 1.
  • the cross bores 3 can also be arranged obliquely or diagonally.
  • Fig. 2 shows another embodiment of a component 1 according to the invention, here are also as profiles
  • Cross bores 3 are provided, in the same arrangement as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1.
  • elongated groove-shaped grooves 4 are provided, which are arranged horizontally parallel to one another and extend along the entire width of the plate 2 .
  • the plate 2 of the component 1 according to the invention has only parallel, vertically extending grooves 4 as profiles of the plate surface.
  • Fig. 4 shows a possible embodiment of a special design of the transverse bores 3, with the transverse bores 3 completely penetrating the plate 2 in this design and starting from the plate front designated by 2a initially tapering inwards, this conical region is designated by 3a.
  • the bore widens in steps to a larger cylindrical bore dimension 3b, which continues up to the back of the plate 2b.
  • the angle and the depth of the conical area 3a and the diameter and the depth of the cylindrical area 3b are to be selected.
  • FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of a transverse bore 3, which is designed as a blind bore 3c starting from the plate front side 2a.
  • FIG. 6 three components 1 according to the invention are arranged by way of example and stacked one above the other, these components 1 having transverse bores 3 which are designed in the form of the configuration according to FIG. 4.
  • these components are each provided on the back of the panel (or also on the front) with a panel-shaped coating 5, which is formed, for example, by a cement-bound, fabric-bound expanded clay panel.
  • a panel-shaped coating 5 which is formed, for example, by a cement-bound, fabric-bound expanded clay panel.
  • other non-combustible materials can also be used here, for example gypsum fiber boards or metallic boards.
  • These plates 5 are preferably glued to the plates 2.
  • FIG. 7 shows an example of the possibility of installing components 1 according to the invention, specifically on the basis of a shooting range located in a closed room, the wall surfaces of the room being designated 6 and the ceiling surface 7, and the shooting range being indicated by 8.
  • some components 1 are arranged on the ceiling surface 7 and on the wall surfaces 6, whereby it can be seen that the components 1 are arranged differently depending on the installation situation, components 1 with horizontally extending grooves 4 are provided in the right wall surface, while the grooves 4 of the component shown there run vertically on the left wall surface.
  • FIG. 8 shows the improvement in sound insulation as a function of the frequency for a component according to the invention which has a foam glass plate 2 made of foam glass with two transverse grooves 4 and is provided on the front and rear with a carrier plate 5. Excellent sound insulation values can be seen over a wide frequency range.
  • FIG. 9 shows the degree of sound absorption as a function of the frequency for a component according to the invention with a transverse groove 4.
  • a degree of sound absorption of almost 80% can be achieved.
  • other sound absorption values can of course also be achieved depending on the particular object to be insulated, as can be seen from the following figures.
  • FIG. 11 shows a foam glass plate 2 according to the invention with a slit 4 and conical bores 3, which obviously results in excellent sound absorption levels in the range from 500 Hz to approximately 3100 Hz.
  • the selected embodiment of the components according to the invention for sound attenuation with differently shaped profiles depends on the respective analysis of the sound type in the sound-absorbing object or Space off.
  • other surface designs of the foam glass plates 2 are also possible, the surface corrugations or cross bores shown are only to be regarded as exemplary designs. It is of course also possible to combine plates 2 with different profiles arranged side by side and / or one behind the other.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

Abstract

The structural component is for sound absorption and takes the form of a plate or similar perforated structure. The plate (2) is made of foam glass and has at least one surface with profiles (3,4). These profiles are formed as elongated channels (4). There may be cross-bores (3) which are made inclined, formed as blind bores, penetrate the plate completely, or are conical. The plate has a density of 100 to 200 kg/n3 and has a front and/or back coating. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Bauelement zur Schalldämpfung in Form einer Platte oder dgl..The invention relates to a component for sound absorption in the form of a plate or the like.

Derartige plattenförmige Bauelemente zur Absorptionsschalldämpfung sind bisher in unterschiedlichen Ausführungsformen und Materialien bekannt. So werden beispielsweise derartige Bauelemente aus elastifizierten Schaumkunststoffen verwandt, welche verschiedene Nachteile aufweisen, insbesondere sind diese Schaumkunststoffe brennbar und enthalten zum Teil umweltbelastende Treibmittel, wie FCKW, Petan, u.a., so daß sie den Brandschutzvorschriften und neueren Umweltvorschriften nicht mehr genügen. Darüber hinaus nehmen sie leicht Feuchtigkeit auf und sind nicht diffusionsdicht, was insbesondere in geschlossenen Räumen ebenfalls von Nachteil ist.Such plate-shaped components for absorption sound attenuation are known in various embodiments and materials. For example, such components made of elasticized foam plastics are used, which have various disadvantages, in particular, these foam plastics are flammable and contain, in part, environmentally harmful propellants, such as CFCs, petan, etc., so that they no longer meet fire protection regulations and newer environmental regulations. In addition, they easily absorb moisture and are not diffusion-tight, which is also a disadvantage, especially in closed rooms.

Bekannt sind derartige Bauelemente auch aus mineralischen Fasern (Glas- oder Steinwolle), welche jedoch ebenfalls negative Eigenschaften aufweisen, insbesondere ihre geringe Formstabilität, so daß sie kaum als selbsttragendes Bauelement verwendet werden können, und ein nachteiliger Faserflug. Darüber hinaus können diese mineralischen Fasern gesundheitsschädliche Bindemittel (Formaldehyd) enthalten. Es sind auch Bauchplatten auf der Basis von zementgebundenen expandierten mineralischen Zuschlagstoffen bekannt (DE 28 32 787 C2), wobei die Bauplatten mit Oberflächenprofilierungen versehen sein können. Derartige, aus einer Mehrzahl unterschiedlicher Bestandteile bestehende Bauplatten sind jedoch nur aufwendig herstellbar und dementsprechend teuer. Eine ähnliche Lösung ist aus DE 23 23 659 B2 bekannt.Such components are also known from mineral fibers (glass or rock wool), which, however, also have negative properties, in particular their low dimensional stability, so that they can hardly be used as a self-supporting component, and a disadvantageous fiber fly. In addition, these mineral fibers can contain harmful binders (formaldehyde). It Belly plates based on cement-bound expanded mineral aggregates are also known (DE 28 32 787 C2), it being possible for the building boards to be provided with surface profiles. Such building boards consisting of a plurality of different components are, however, only complex to produce and are accordingly expensive. A similar solution is known from DE 23 23 659 B2.

Darüber hinaus sind schalldämpfende Bauelemente mit Oberflächenprofilierungen aus Kunstharz oder Glasfasern (DE 19 17 979 A2) oder aus verdichteter Steinwolle (DE 73 21 694 U) bekannt, die jedoch keine befriedigenden Schalldämmeigenschaften aufweisen.In addition, sound-absorbing components with surface profiles made of synthetic resin or glass fibers (DE 19 17 979 A2) or from compressed rock wool (DE 73 21 694 U) are known, but they do not have satisfactory sound insulation properties.

Außerdem sind seit Jahrzehnten Schaumglasplatten bekannt (Umblia, Elmar: Foam Glass Building Materials, in: Glass, Juni 1955, S. 288-290,292), die hauptsächlich als Wärmedämmelemente eingesetzt werden. Diese Schaumglasplatten eignen sich in gewissem Maße auch zur Schalldämmung (Schalldurchgangsdämmung von etwa 20dB), nicht jedoch zur Schalldämpfung, da sie den Schall stark reflektieren, was in geschlossenen Räumen von erheblichem Nachteil ist, da sich dadurch die Geräuschbelastung im Raum selbst noch verstärkt.In addition, foam glass panels have been known for decades (Umblia, Elmar: Foam Glass Building Materials, in: Glass, June 1955, pp. 288-290,292), which are mainly used as thermal insulation elements. To a certain extent, these foam glass panels are also suitable for sound insulation (sound transmission insulation of around 20dB), but not for sound absorption, since they strongly reflect the sound, which is a considerable disadvantage in closed rooms, since this increases the noise level in the room itself.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es deshalb, ein schalldämpfendes Bauelement zur Verfügung zu stellen, das nicht brennend, umweltverträglich, nicht gesundheitsschädigend und leicht recycelbar bzw. entsorgbar sowie leicht herstellbar ist.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a sound-absorbing component which is non-combustible, environmentally compatible, not harmful to health and easily recyclable or disposable and easy to produce.

Diese Aufgabe wird mit einem Bauelement der eingangs bezeichneten Art erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Platte aus Schaumglas besteht und wenigstens eine Plattenoberfläche mit Profilierungen versehen ist.This object is achieved with a component of the type described in the introduction in that the plate consists of foam glass and at least one plate surface is provided with profiles.

Es hat sich überraschend herausgestellt, daß an sich seit Jahrzehnten bekannte Platten aus Schaumglas, welche bereits zur Wärme-/ Kältedämmung eingesetzt werden aus den vorstehenden Gründen jedoch bisher zur Schalldämpfung der Fachwelt ungeeignet erschienen, hervorragende Schalldämpfungseigenschaften, insbesondere hinsichtlich der Absorptionsschalldämpfung aufweisen, wenn, anders als beim bekannten Wärmedämmeinsatz, die Platten aus Schaumglas mit einer Oberflächenprofilierung versehen werden. Überraschenderweise ergeben sich dadurch Bauelemente mit hervorragender Schalldämpfung und Schalldämmung, d.h. sowohl eine ausgezeichnete Dämpfung in einem geschlossenen Raum als auch eine ausgezeichnete Schalldämmung nach außen. Durch geeignete Wahl der Profilierung ist dabei eine frequenzabhängige Absorption und damit eine objektbezogene Möglichkeit der Schallabsorption einstellbar. Die Art der gewählten Profilierung ist somit von der jeweils zu dämpfenden Schallart abhängig (beispielsweise in Schießständen, Motorprüfständen, Tonstudios, Werkhallen, u.s.w.), es können auch mehrere Bauelemente mit unterschiedlichen Profilierungen kombiniert werden. Derartige erfindungsgemäße Bauteile sind auf einfachste Weise herstellbar und leicht zu bearbeiten sowie nicht brennbar, wasserdicht, dampfdicht, druckfest, säurebeständig, maßbeständig, schädlingssicher und baubiologisch neutral sowie recycelbar, umweltverträglich und problemlos entsorgbar.It has surprisingly been found that sheets of foam glass, which have been known for decades and which are already used for heat / cold insulation, have hitherto seemed unsuitable for sound insulation in the technical field, have excellent sound absorption properties, in particular with regard to absorption sound absorption, if, otherwise than in the known thermal insulation insert, the sheets of foam glass are provided with a surface profile. Surprisingly, this results in components with excellent sound insulation and sound insulation, ie both excellent damping in a closed room and excellent sound insulation to the outside. Through a suitable choice of the profile, a frequency-dependent absorption and thus an object-related possibility of sound absorption can be set. The type of profiling selected is therefore dependent on the type of sound to be damped (for example in shooting ranges, engine test benches, recording studios, workshops, etc.), several components with different profiles can also be combined. Such components according to the invention can be produced in the simplest way and are easy to work with, and are non-flammable, waterproof, vapor-tight, pressure-resistant, acid-resistant, dimensionally stable, pest-safe and structurally neutral as well as recyclable, environmentally friendly and easy to dispose of.

In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung ist vorgesehen, daß die Profilierungen als längliche, rinnenförmige Riefungen ausgebildet sind. Diese Riefungen sind vorzugsweise parallel angeordnet und je nach der gewünschten Schallrichtung insbesondere vertikal oder horizontal angeordnet. Zusätzlich können die so gestalteten Bauelemente auch als Wärmeleitkanäle verwendet werden, wenn über der gesamten Höhe einer Wandfläche diese Bauelemente mit sich über der gesamten Höhe erstreckenden vertikalen Riefungen vorgesehen werden. Diese Bauelemente können auch zur Trittschalldämmung in Bodenflächen eingesetzt werden und eignen sich dann auch zur Aufnahme von Fußbodenheizungsleitungen.In an advantageous embodiment it is provided that the profiles are designed as elongated, groove-shaped grooves. These corrugations are preferably arranged in parallel and, depending on the desired direction of sound, in particular arranged vertically or horizontally. In addition, the components designed in this way can also be used as heat conduction channels if these components are provided with vertical grooves extending over the entire height of a wall surface. These components can also be used for impact sound insulation in floor areas and are then also suitable for holding underfloor heating pipes.

Zusätzlich oder alternativ ist vorteilhaft vorgesehen, daß die Profilierungen als Querbohrungen ausgebildet sind, welche quer zur Plattenoberfläche oder schräg dazu (in einem von 90° verschiedenen Winkel) angeordnet sein können. Dabei sind je nach der zu absorbierenden Schallart die Querbohrungen vorteilhaft als Sacklöcher ausgebildet und/oder durchdringen die Platte vollständig. Die geeignete Wahl der Bohrungen bzw. Riefungen hängt dabei von der jeweiligen Schallanalyse ab, die in der jeweils zu dämmenden Räumlichkeit durchgeführt wird. Anschließend kann dann auf einfache Weise die jeweils günstigste Profilierung ermittelt werden. Es können auch Platten mit verschiedenen Profilierungen beliebig neben- und/oder hintereinander angeordnet kombiniert werden.Additionally or alternatively, it is advantageously provided that the profiles are designed as transverse bores, which can be arranged transversely to the plate surface or obliquely thereto (at an angle other than 90 °). Depending on the type of sound to be absorbed, the transverse bores are advantageously designed as blind holes and / or penetrate the plate completely. The appropriate choice of bores or grooves depends on the respective sound analysis that is carried out in the room to be insulated. The cheapest profiling can then be determined in a simple manner. It is also possible to combine panels with different profiles arranged side by side and / or one behind the other.

Insbesondere beim Einsatz in Schießanlagen in geschlossenen Räumen hat es sich zur kalibergebundenen Frequenzdämpfung als besonders vorteilhaft herausgestellt, daß die Querbohrungen konisch ausgebildet sind, und daß insbesondere die Querbohrungen in das Platteninnere zunächst konisch zulaufen, um sich dann absatzartig auf ein größeres Bohrungsmaß erweitern zu lassen.Particularly when used in shooting ranges in closed rooms, it has been found to be particularly advantageous for caliber-based frequency damping that the cross bores are conical and that in particular the cross bores in the interior of the plate initially taper, in order then to be able to gradually expand to a larger bore size.

Als besonders vorteilhaft hat es sich erwiesen, daß die Platte eine Dichte von 100 bis 200 kg/m³ aufweist, wobei besonders vorteilhaft höhere Dichten von 150 bis 200 kg/m³ sind. Es hat sich herausgestellt, daß die Absorptionsfähigkeit mit zunehmender Dichte ansteigt.It has proven to be particularly advantageous that the plate has a density of 100 to 200 kg / m³, higher densities of 150 to 200 kg / m³ being particularly advantageous. It has been found that the absorbency increases with increasing density.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Platte mit einer plattenförmigen vorder- und/oder rückseitigen Beschichtung versehen ist, welche beispielsweise angeklebt sein kann und vorzugsweise als Stabilisierungsplatte aus nicht brennbarem Material, beispielsweise aus zementgebundenem gewebegebundenem Blähton oder Gipsfaser oder Metall besteht.It is particularly advantageous if the plate is provided with a plate-shaped front and / or rear coating, which can be glued on, for example, and preferably consists of a non-combustible material, for example a cement-bound, tissue-bound expanded clay or gypsum fiber or metal.

Die Erfindung ist nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung beispielsweise näher erläutert. Diese zeigt in

Fig. 1 bis 3
jeweils in Seitenansicht unterschiedliche Ausführungsformen eines erfindungsgemäßen Bauelementes,
Fig. 4 und 5
jeweils im Schnitt weitere Ausführungsformen in Teilansicht,
Fig. 6
in perspektivischer Darstellung drei übereinandergestapelte Bauelemente gemäß Fig. 4,
Fig. 7
ebenfalls in perspektivischer Darstellung eine teilweise mit erfindungsgemäßen Bauelementen ausgerüstete Schießanlage in einem geschlossenen Raum,
Fig. 8
das Schalldämmverbesserungsmaß in Abhängigkeit von der Frequenz bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Bauelement als Diagramm und in
Fig. 9 bis 11
den Schallabsorptionsgrad in Abhängigkeit von der Schallfrequenz für verschiedene Ausführungsformen eines erfindungsgemäßen Bauelementes.
The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing, for example. This shows in
1 to 3
different embodiments of a component according to the invention in side view,
4 and 5
each in section, further embodiments in partial view,
Fig. 6
4 shows a perspective view of three stacked components,
Fig. 7
likewise a perspective view of a shooting range partially equipped with components according to the invention in an enclosed space,
Fig. 8
the sound insulation improvement measure as a function of the frequency in a component according to the invention as a diagram and in
9 to 11
the degree of sound absorption as a function of the sound frequency for different embodiments of a component according to the invention.

Ein erfindungsgemäßes Bauelement zur Schalldämpfung ist in den Zeichnungen allgemein mit 1 bezeichnet. Dieses Bauelement weist eine Platte 2 aus Schaumglas auf, welche beispielsweise 45 cm breit, 60 cm lang und 5 cm dick ist, wobei selbstverständlich auch andere Abmessungen vorgesehen sein können. Diese Platte 2 ist wenigstens auf der Vorderseite, welche zur Innenseite eines Raumes angeordnet wird, mit Profilierungen der Oberfläche versehen, welche beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1 als Querbohrungen 3 und vertikale, parallel angeordnete rinnenförmige Riefungen 4 ausgebildet sind, die sich über der gesamten Plattenlänge erstrecken. Dabei sind vorzugsweise die Querbohrungen 3 reihenweise übereinander angeordnet, wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich. Die Querbohrungen 3 können auch schräg bzw. diagonal angeordnet sein.A component according to the invention for sound absorption is generally designated 1 in the drawings. This component has a plate 2 made of foam glass, which is for example 45 cm wide, 60 cm long and 5 cm thick, although other dimensions can of course also be provided. This plate 2 is at least on the front, which is arranged to the inside of a room, provided with profiles of the surface, which are formed in the embodiment of FIG. 1 as transverse bores 3 and vertical, parallel groove-shaped grooves 4, which extend over the entire length of the plate extend. The transverse bores 3 are preferably arranged in rows one above the other, as can be seen in FIG. 1. The cross bores 3 can also be arranged obliquely or diagonally.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine andere Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Bauelementes 1, hier sind ebenfalls als Profilierungen Querbohrungen 3 vorgesehen, und zwar in der gleichen Anordnung wie im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1. Im Unterschied zum Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1 sind jedoch längliche rinnenförmige Riefungen 4 vorgesehen, die horizontal zueinander parallel angeordnet sind und sich entlang der gesamten Breite der Platte 2 erstrecken.Fig. 2 shows another embodiment of a component 1 according to the invention, here are also as profiles Cross bores 3 are provided, in the same arrangement as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1. In contrast to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, however, elongated groove-shaped grooves 4 are provided, which are arranged horizontally parallel to one another and extend along the entire width of the plate 2 .

Beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 3 weist die Platte 2 des erfindungsgemäßen Bauelementes 1 nur parallele, vertikal verlaufende Riefungen 4 als Profilierungen der Plattenoberfläche auf.In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3, the plate 2 of the component 1 according to the invention has only parallel, vertically extending grooves 4 as profiles of the plate surface.

Fig. 4 zeigt eine mögliche Ausführungsform einer besonderen Gestaltung der Querbohrungen 3, wobei bei dieser Gestaltung die Querbohrungen 3 die Platte 2 vollständig durchdringen und ausgehend von der mit 2a bezeichneten Plattenvorderseite zunächst konisch nach innen zulaufen, dieser konische Bereich ist mit 3a bezeichnet. Am Fuß des konischen Bereiches 3a erweitert sich die Bohrung absatzartig auf ein größeres zylindrisches Bohrungsmaß 3b, das sich bis zur Plattenrückseite 2b fortsetzt. Je nach den zu dämpfenden Schallemmissionen ist der Winkel und die Tiefe des konischen Bereiches 3a und der Durchmesser und die Tiefe des zylindrischen Bereiches 3b zu wählen.Fig. 4 shows a possible embodiment of a special design of the transverse bores 3, with the transverse bores 3 completely penetrating the plate 2 in this design and starting from the plate front designated by 2a initially tapering inwards, this conical region is designated by 3a. At the foot of the conical area 3a, the bore widens in steps to a larger cylindrical bore dimension 3b, which continues up to the back of the plate 2b. Depending on the sound emissions to be damped, the angle and the depth of the conical area 3a and the diameter and the depth of the cylindrical area 3b are to be selected.

Fig. 5 zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform einer Querbohrung 3, welche als von der Plattenvorderseite 2a ausgehende Sackbohrung 3c ausgeführt ist.5 shows a further embodiment of a transverse bore 3, which is designed as a blind bore 3c starting from the plate front side 2a.

In Fig. 6 sind beispielhaft drei erfindungsgemäße Bauelemente 1 nebeneinander- und übereinandergestapelt angeordnet, wobei diese Bauelemente 1 Querbohrungen 3 aufweisen, die in Form der Ausgestaltung nach Fig. 4 gestaltet sind. Zusätzlich sind diese Bauelemente an der Plattenrückseite (oder auch an der Vorderseite) jeweils mit einer plattenförmigen Beschichtung 5 versehen, welche beispielsweise von einer zementgebundenen gewebegebundenen Blähtonplatte gebildet ist. Hier sind aber auch andere nicht brennbare Materialien einsetzbar, beispielsweise Gipsfaserplatten oder metallische Platten. Diese Platten 5 sind vorzugsweise mit den Platten 2 verklebt.In FIG. 6, three components 1 according to the invention are arranged by way of example and stacked one above the other, these components 1 having transverse bores 3 which are designed in the form of the configuration according to FIG. 4. In addition, these components are each provided on the back of the panel (or also on the front) with a panel-shaped coating 5, which is formed, for example, by a cement-bound, fabric-bound expanded clay panel. However, other non-combustible materials can also be used here, for example gypsum fiber boards or metallic boards. These plates 5 are preferably glued to the plates 2.

In Fig. 7 ist beispielhaft die Einbaumöglichkeit erfindungsgemäßer Bauelemente 1 dargestellt, und zwar anhand eines in einem geschlossenen Raum befindlichen Schießstandes, wobei die Wandflächen des Raumes mit 6 und die Deckenfläche mit 7 bezeichnet sind sowie die Schießanlage mit 8 angedeutet ist. Beispielhaft sind an der Deckenfläche 7 und an den Wandflächen 6 einige Bauelemente 1 andeutungsweise angeordnet, wobei erkennbar ist, daß je nach der Einbausituation die Bauelemente 1 unterschiedlich angeordnet sind, so sind in der rechten Wandfläche Bauelemente 1 mit horizontal verlaufenden Riefungen 4 vorgesehen, während an der linken Wandfläche die Riefungen 4 des dort gezeigten Bauelementes vertikal verlaufen.7 shows an example of the possibility of installing components 1 according to the invention, specifically on the basis of a shooting range located in a closed room, the wall surfaces of the room being designated 6 and the ceiling surface 7, and the shooting range being indicated by 8. By way of example, some components 1 are arranged on the ceiling surface 7 and on the wall surfaces 6, whereby it can be seen that the components 1 are arranged differently depending on the installation situation, components 1 with horizontally extending grooves 4 are provided in the right wall surface, while the grooves 4 of the component shown there run vertically on the left wall surface.

In Fig. 8 ist das Schalldämmverbesserungsmaß in Abhängigkeit von der Frequenz für ein erfindungsgemäßes Bauelement dargestellt, welches eine Schaumglasplatte 2 aus Schaumglas mit zwei Querriefungen 4 aufweist und vorder- und rückseitig mit einer Trägerplatte 5 versehen ist. Erkennbar ergeben sich über einen weiten Frequenzbereich hervorragende Schalldämmwerte.8 shows the improvement in sound insulation as a function of the frequency for a component according to the invention which has a foam glass plate 2 made of foam glass with two transverse grooves 4 and is provided on the front and rear with a carrier plate 5. Excellent sound insulation values can be seen over a wide frequency range.

Fig. 9 zeigt den Schallabsorptionsgrad in Abhängigkeit von der Frequenz für ein erfindungsgemäßes Bauelement mit einer Querriefung 4. Hier läßt sich beispielsweise für eine Frequenz von etwa 750 Hz ein Schallabsorptionsgrad von nahezu 80 % erreichen. Je nach Anordnung bzw. Anzahl der Querriefungen bzw. der Ausgestaltung der Profilierungen lassen sich in Abhängigkeit von dem jeweiligen zu dämmenden Objekt selbstverständlich auch andere Schallabsorptionswerte erreichen, wie aus den nachfolgenden Figuren hervorgeht.FIG. 9 shows the degree of sound absorption as a function of the frequency for a component according to the invention with a transverse groove 4. Here, for example, for a frequency of approximately 750 Hz, a degree of sound absorption of almost 80% can be achieved. Depending on the arrangement or number of transverse grooves or the configuration of the profiles, other sound absorption values can of course also be achieved depending on the particular object to be insulated, as can be seen from the following figures.

So zeigt Fig. 10 eine Platte 2 mit Querbohrungen 3, wobei bei dieser Ausgestaltung der höchste Schallabsorptionsgrad bei einer Frequenz von etwa 1500 Hz erreicht wird.10 shows a plate 2 with transverse bores 3, the highest sound absorption level being achieved at a frequency of approximately 1500 Hz in this embodiment.

Fig. 11 zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Schaumglasplatte 2 mit einer Schlitzung 4 und konischen Bohrungen 3, welche ersichtlich hervorragende Schallabsorptionsgrade im Bereich von 500 Hz und etwa 3100 Hz ergibt.11 shows a foam glass plate 2 according to the invention with a slit 4 and conical bores 3, which obviously results in excellent sound absorption levels in the range from 500 Hz to approximately 3100 Hz.

Die jeweils gewählte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Bauelemente zur Schalldämpfung mit unterschiedlich gestalteten Profilierungen (Art der Profilierungen, nämlich Querbohrungen, Riefungen oder dgl., Größe der Querbohrungen, Abstand derselben, Anordnung, u.s.w.) hängt von der jeweiligen Analyse der Schallart in dem schallzudämmenden Objekt bzw. Raum ab. Grundsätzlich sind auch noch andere Oberflächengestaltungen der Schaumglasplatten 2 möglich, die dargestellten Oberflächenriefungen bzw. Querbohrungen sind nur als beispielhafte Gestaltungen anzusehen. Es können selbstverständlich auch Platten 2 mit unterschiedlicher Profilierung neben- und/oder hintereinander angeordnet miteinander kombiniert werden.The selected embodiment of the components according to the invention for sound attenuation with differently shaped profiles (type of profiles, namely cross holes, grooves or the like, size of the cross holes, spacing thereof, arrangement, etc.) depends on the respective analysis of the sound type in the sound-absorbing object or Space off. Basically, other surface designs of the foam glass plates 2 are also possible, the surface corrugations or cross bores shown are only to be regarded as exemplary designs. It is of course also possible to combine plates 2 with different profiles arranged side by side and / or one behind the other.

Claims (10)

Bauelement zur Schalldämpfung in Form einer Platte oder dgl.,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Platte (2) aus Schaumglas besteht und wenigstens eine Plattenoberfläche mit Profilierungen (3,4) versehen ist.Component for sound absorption in the form of a plate or the like,
characterized,
that the plate (2) consists of foam glass and at least one plate surface is provided with profiles (3,4). Bauelement nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Profilierungen als längliche, rinnenförmige Riefungen (4) ausgebildet sind.Component according to Claim 1,
characterized,
that the profiles are formed as elongated, groove-shaped grooves (4). Bauelement nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Profilierungen als Querbohrungen (3) ausgebildet sind.Component according to Claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the profiles are designed as cross bores (3). Bauelement nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Querbohrungen (3) schräg angeordnet sind.Component according to Claim 3,
characterized,
that the cross holes (3) are arranged obliquely. Bauelement nach Anspruch 3 oder 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Querbohrungen als Sacklöcher (3c) ausgebildet sind.Component according to Claim 3 or 4,
characterized,
that the cross holes are formed as blind holes (3c). Bauelement nach Anspruch 3 oder 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Querbohrungen (3) die Platte (2) vollständig durchdringen.Component according to Claim 3 or 4,
characterized,
that the cross holes (3) penetrate the plate (2) completely. Bauelement nach Anspruch 3 oder einem der folgenden,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Querbohrungen (3) konisch ausgebildet sind.Component according to Claim 3 or one of the following,
characterized,
that the cross bores (3) are conical. Bauelement nach Anspruch 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Querbohrungen (3) in das Platteninnere zunächst konisch (3a) zulaufen und sich dann absatzartig auf ein größeres Bohrungsmaß (3b) erweitern.Component according to Claim 7,
characterized,
that the transverse bores (3) initially taper into the plate interior (3a) and then widen in batches to a larger bore dimension (3b). Bauelement nach Anspruch 1 oder einem der folgenden,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Platte (2) eine Dichte von 100 bis 200 kg/m³ aufweist.Component according to Claim 1 or one of the following,
characterized,
that the plate (2) has a density of 100 to 200 kg / m³. Bauelement nach Anspruch 1 oder einem der folgenden,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Platte (2) mit einer plattenförmigen vorder- und/oder rückseitigen Beschichtung (5) versehen ist.Component according to Claim 1 or one of the following,
characterized,
that the plate (2) is provided with a plate-shaped front and / or back coating (5).
EP95105673A 1994-04-20 1995-04-13 Sound damping construction element Ceased EP0678634A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9406574U DE9406574U1 (en) 1994-04-20 1994-04-20 Component for sound absorption
DE9406574U 1994-04-20

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GB2372761A (en) * 2001-01-16 2002-09-04 Deceuninck N V Sound absorbing wall element
EP1820915A1 (en) * 2006-02-20 2007-08-22 Gerhard Kosche Method of manufacture of an acoustical building panel and associated panel

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DE29801960U1 (en) * 1998-02-06 1998-06-18 Deutsche Pittsburgh Corning GmbH, 68219 Mannheim Building insulation element
DE19839973A1 (en) * 1998-09-02 2000-03-23 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Plate-shaped component

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GB2372761A (en) * 2001-01-16 2002-09-04 Deceuninck N V Sound absorbing wall element
GB2372761B (en) * 2001-01-16 2004-08-25 Deceuninck N V Sound absorption
EP1820915A1 (en) * 2006-02-20 2007-08-22 Gerhard Kosche Method of manufacture of an acoustical building panel and associated panel

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