EP0674135B1 - Brûleurs à gaz pour fours industriels - Google Patents
Brûleurs à gaz pour fours industriels Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0674135B1 EP0674135B1 EP95400603A EP95400603A EP0674135B1 EP 0674135 B1 EP0674135 B1 EP 0674135B1 EP 95400603 A EP95400603 A EP 95400603A EP 95400603 A EP95400603 A EP 95400603A EP 0674135 B1 EP0674135 B1 EP 0674135B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- burner
- holes
- series
- air
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
- F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
- F23D14/24—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other at least one of the fluids being submitted to a swirling motion
Definitions
- the invention relates to a gas burner, of the type used in industrial ovens, for example in furnaces for heating steel products, such as slab ovens, or treatment ovens thermal, etc ...
- These burners are high power burners, of the order of 1000 to 6000 therms or more, supplied with particularly in steel gas (mixed gas, oven gas coke ...) under low pressure ( ⁇ 1 bar).
- burners of this type which generally have multiple channels fuel gas concentric and air, opening at the level of the burner nose, downstream from which combustion takes place.
- burners with a central supply channel in combustible gas, surrounded by two annular channels concentric air supply we also know other burners, studied to improve the mixing of combustible and oxidizing gas, and therefore combustion, in which the combustible gas arrives at the burner nose by an annular channel located between a central channel and a peripheral annular channel, these two channels serving to the combustion air supply.
- the invention therefore aims to reduce the rate nitrogen oxide in the flue gases, while ensuring good combustion and good structure of flame, despite the variations in power which may be required when implementing burners.
- the combination of the flow diverging flue gas and vortex flow combustion air duct when these two streams near the burner nose, at a strong mixing of gas and air, and therefore at a homogenization of the mixture and an improvement in the combustion.
- the gas jets from the orifices of gas outlet and directed outwards tend to widen the flame by giving it a flared shape, thin cup shape, high area flame temperature being constituted only by the wall of this cup.
- the time of combustion products stay in this high area temperature is reduced, compared to a higher flame concentrated which defines a high temperature area under form of a substantially cylindrical full volume, in which combustion products stay longer long time.
- the nose of the burner has, in the center of the first series gas passage orifices, a protruding part, outward from the burner, relative to the surface substantially flat frontal, perpendicular to the axis of the burner, where the said first and second open series of orifices.
- This protruding part prevents that occurs, in the immediate vicinity of the gas orifices, a recirculation of combustion products which would disturb the gas outlet. However, it promotes this recirculation at a greater distance from the nose of the burner, which tends to quickly combustion products from the high temperature zone, and therefore to further reduce the amount of nitrogen oxides trained.
- the burner 1 comprises a supply box 2 in combustible gas and air, formed by a central channel 3 gas supply, oriented in the axial direction X of the burner, surrounded by a first annular supply channel 4 air, and a second peripheral annular channel 5 also supplied with air. These three coaxial channels are supplied with gas and air respectively by respective supply lines 6, 7, 8.
- the burner 1 also has a nose 10, again called diffuser, usually made of a material ceramic.
- the nose 10 consists of a plate 11 thick covering the axial ends of different channels ensuring sealing between them, and which is inserted in a housing fitted out in the internal lining of the oven 12, being held there by fixing means, not shown, on the wall 13 from the oven.
- the upstream face of the burner nose has a flat front surface 17 into which the orifices 14 for the passage of gas and the orifices 15, and a peripheral annular part, 18 prominent relative to to the said front surface, on the surface of which open the holes 16.
- the gas passage orifices 14 are inclined by relative to the axial direction X of the burner, forming with it an angle ⁇ between 15 and 25 °.
- the air passage openings 15 are made of so that the axis of each hole is located in a plane parallel to the axial direction of the burner and tangent to circle C2, and inclined in this plane, by angle ⁇ from 15 to 25 ° relative to said direction axial (see Figure 2).
- the orifices 15 are therefore oriented in a helix, so that the air flow which escapes has a rotational movement around the X axis of the burner.
- the orifices 16 are inclined at an angle ⁇ between 0 ° and 10 ° relative to the axis and from preferably around 5 °. Too sharp an angle leads indeed to a shortening of the flame such that, in some cases, elements or organs of the furnace close of the burner may be raised too high by temperature.
- the burner nose has, in its part central, between the holes 14, a frustoconical part 19 protruding from the front surface 17, the truncated cone having its large base at this frontal surface. Between the frustoconical part 19 and the prominent part 18 is thus formed a groove annular 20 of trapezoidal section, in which open the gas passage orifices 14 and the holes 15 of the first series of through holes of air.
- the orifices 14 for the passage of gases emerge at the front surface 17 in a position angular intermediate between the outlets of two orifices 15 for adjacent air passage (FIG. 3). So, the swirling air flow coming from the orifices 15 intersects the gas flow from ports 14 to close proximity to the front surface 17, thereby creating strong mixing of gas and air, and therefore a mixture homogeneous ensuring very good combustion.
- the inclination of the passage openings 14 gas causes the air-gas mixture to tend to form a flared cup-shaped curtain, in which the temperature due to combustion is maximum.
- the central zone of this section in the axis of the burner, is relatively clear and allows downstream of the burner a recirculation of combustion products which can thus quickly leave the hottest area, which, as previously stated, is favorable for the decrease in the rate of nitrogen oxide formed.
- the orifices 16 for peripheral air passage have a chamfer on the side of the supply channel conical 21, with an apex angle of around 30 °, which widens the entry of these orifices and has the effect of reducing the pressure losses in the circuit formed by the channel peripheral 5 and the said orifices, and therefore to increase, at constant pressure, the air outlet speed.
- the distribution of the air flow rates in the annular 4 and peripheral 5 channels makes it possible to adjust the length of the flame as required. Indeed, for a given total air flow, for example 3900 Nm 3 / h, in the case of a burner providing 3500 thermies / hour, if this flow is distributed between the two channels 4 and 5 and therefore between the two series of orifices 15 and 16, for example 1900 Nm 3 / h for the peripheral air (passing through orifices 16) and 2000 Nm 3 / h for the central air (passing through orifices 15) the speeds at the outlet of these orifices are substantially equal, of the order of 95 m / s. Under these conditions, combustion will start, as indicated above, in the immediate vicinity of the nose 10, and a short flame will be obtained.
- a length flame intermediate can be obtained by adapting correctly the ratio of air flows between air central and peripheral air.
- the flow central air will however be limited to 50% at most total air flow to avoid a too short flame including the hot spot is too close to the oven wall or slab support rails.
- the invention makes it possible to obtain a very good combustion and low oxide content nitrogen from combustion products.
- the finish side is determined to cause a air rotation in channel 4 in the same direction as the rotation induced by the inclination of the orifices 15 of the burner nose.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
- Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
Description
- une première série d'orifices pour le passage du gaz, disposés en cercle et en communication avec le canal central,
- une seconde série d'orifices pour le passage d'air, disposés en cercle autour des orifices de passage de gaz, et en communication avec un premier des deux canaux annulaires,
- et une troisième série d'orifices pour le passage d'air, disposés en cercle et en communication avec un deuxième des deux canaux annulaires, situé à la périphérie, caractérisé en ce que les orifices de la première série sont inclinés par rapport à la direction axiale du nez du brûleur et divergent vers l'extérieur du brûleur, pour créer un flux de gaz divergent, et les orifices de la seconde série sont orientés en hélice pour créer un flux d'air tourbillonnant qui intersecte le flux de gaz et des moyens pour moduler la répartition de l'air entre la seconde et la troisième série d'orifices.
- la figure 1 est une vue en coupe axiale du brûleur à gaz, implanté sur la paroi latérale du four de réchauffage,
- la figure 2 est une vue en coupe à échelle agrandie, du nez du brûleur,
- la figure 3 est une demi vue frontale du nez du brûleur,
- la figure 4 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne IV-IV de la figure 1.
- une première série d'orifices 14, répartis sur un cercle C1 débouchent du côté de la face arrière 9 de la plaque 11 dans le canal 3 d'alimentation en gaz,
- une seconde série d'orifices 15, répartis sur un cercle C2, débouchent de même dans le canal annulaire 4, et
- une troisième série d'orifices 16, répartis sur un cercle C3, débouchent dans le canal périphérique 5.
Claims (12)
- Brûleur à gaz à forte puissance, notamment pour fours industriels, comportant un canal central (3) d'alimentation en gaz combustible et deux canaux (4, 5) annulaires concentriques d'alimentation en air, et un nez (10) de brûleur comprenant :une première série d'orifices (14) pour le passage du gaz, disposés en cercle et en communication avec le canal central (3),une seconde série d'orifices (15) pour le passage d'air, disposés en cercle autour des orifices de passage de gaz, et en communication avec un premier (4) des deux canaux annulaires,et une troisième série d'orifices (16) pour le passage d'air, disposés en cercle et en communication avec un deuxième (5) des deux canaux annulaires, situé à la périphérie, caractérisé en ce que les orifices (14) de la première série sont inclinés par rapport à la direction axiale (X) du nez du brûleur et divergent vers l'extérieur du brûleur, pour créer un flux de gaz divergent, et les orifices (15) de la seconde série sont orientés en hélice pour créer un flux d'air tourbillonnant qui intersecte le flux de gaz, et en ce que ledit brûleur comporte des moyens pour moduler la répartition de l'air entre la seconde série d'orifices (15) et la troisième série d'orifices (16).
- Brûleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'angle (α) d'inclinaison des orifices (14) de passage de gaz par rapport à l'axe du brûleur est compris entre 15 et 25°.
- Brûleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'angle (β) d'inclinaison des orifices (15) de passage d'air de la deuxième série d'orifices par rapport à la direction axiale du brûleur est compris entre 15 et 25°.
- Brûleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'angle (γ) d'inclinaison des orifices (16) de passage d'air de la troisième série d'orifices par rapport à la direction axiale du brûleur est compris entre 0 et 10°.
- Brûleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le nez (10) du brûleur comporte, au centre de la première série d'orifices (14) de passage du gaz, une partie (19) en protubérance, vers l'extérieur du brûleur, par rapport à une surface frontale (17) du nez, sensiblement plane, perpendiculaire à l'axe du brûleur, où débouchent les dites première et deuxième série d'orifices.
- Brûleur selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la dite partie (19) en protubérance est sensiblement en forme de tronc de cône, dont la grande base est située au niveau de la dite surface frontale (17).
- Brûleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, considérée dans une surface frontale (17) du nez, sensiblement plane, perpendiculaire à l'axe du brûleur, où débouchent les dites première et deuxième séries d'orifices, la position angulaire de chaque orifice (14) de passage de gaz est intermédiaire entre les positions angulaires respectives des sorties de deux orifices adjacents de la seconde série d'orifices (15).
- Brûleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les orifices (16) de la troisième série d'orifices comportent, à leurs extrémités dirigées vers le canal périphérique (5), un chanfrein conique (21).
- Brûleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des conduits (7, 8) d'alimentation en air qui débouchent tangentiellement dans les canaux annulaires (4, 5).
- Brûleur selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le conduit (7) d'alimentation du premier canal (4) débouche dans le dit canal selon une direction telle que la rotation de l'air provoquée par son arrivée tangentielle dans le canal soit de même sens que la rotation induite par l'orientation en hélice des dits orifices (15) de la seconde série.
- Brûleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que des moyens sont prévus pour injecter dans l'air comburant des gaz de combustion.
- Brûleur selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce qu'il est équipé de moyens de recirculation partielle des fumées de combustion dans l'air comburant.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9403633 | 1994-03-24 | ||
FR9403633A FR2717884B1 (fr) | 1994-03-24 | 1994-03-24 | Brûleur à gaz pour fours industriels. |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0674135A1 EP0674135A1 (fr) | 1995-09-27 |
EP0674135B1 true EP0674135B1 (fr) | 1999-06-23 |
EP0674135B2 EP0674135B2 (fr) | 2002-08-21 |
Family
ID=9461507
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95400603A Expired - Lifetime EP0674135B2 (fr) | 1994-03-24 | 1995-03-20 | Brûleurs à gaz pour fours industriels |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0674135B2 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE181593T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69510395T3 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2132550T5 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2717884B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2741702B1 (fr) * | 1995-11-23 | 1997-12-26 | Lorraine Laminage | Bruleur a gaz pour four de rechauffage de produits siderurgiques |
GB2316161A (en) * | 1996-08-05 | 1998-02-18 | Boc Group Plc | Oxygen-fuel swirl burner |
AT408796B (de) * | 1999-04-29 | 2002-03-25 | Dumag Ohg | Brenner |
US6893252B2 (en) | 2002-03-16 | 2005-05-17 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Fuel spud for high temperature burners |
US6866502B2 (en) | 2002-03-16 | 2005-03-15 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Burner system employing flue gas recirculation |
US7322818B2 (en) | 2002-03-16 | 2008-01-29 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Method for adjusting pre-mix burners to reduce NOx emissions |
US6890172B2 (en) | 2002-03-16 | 2005-05-10 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Burner with flue gas recirculation |
US7476099B2 (en) | 2002-03-16 | 2009-01-13 | Exxonmobil Chemicals Patents Inc. | Removable light-off port plug for use in burners |
US6881053B2 (en) | 2002-03-16 | 2005-04-19 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Burner with high capacity venturi |
US6887068B2 (en) | 2002-03-16 | 2005-05-03 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Centering plate for burner |
US6846175B2 (en) | 2002-03-16 | 2005-01-25 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Burner employing flue-gas recirculation system |
US6869277B2 (en) | 2002-03-16 | 2005-03-22 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Burner employing cooled flue gas recirculation |
AU2003230652A1 (en) | 2002-03-16 | 2003-10-08 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Burner tip and seal for optimizing burner performance |
US6893251B2 (en) | 2002-03-16 | 2005-05-17 | Exxon Mobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Burner design for reduced NOx emissions |
US6986658B2 (en) | 2002-03-16 | 2006-01-17 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents, Inc. | Burner employing steam injection |
WO2003081132A2 (fr) | 2002-03-16 | 2003-10-02 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Bruleur ameliore avec de faibles emissions de nox |
ITMI20020611A1 (it) | 2002-03-22 | 2003-09-22 | Danieli Off Mecc | Bruciatore |
FR2930626B1 (fr) * | 2008-04-28 | 2010-05-21 | Fives Pillard | Bruleur a points peripheriques d'injection d'air a flux axial |
CN102012024A (zh) * | 2010-11-12 | 2011-04-13 | 新兴能源装备有限公司 | 一种活性石灰回转窑发生炉的煤气燃烧器 |
WO2013091634A1 (fr) * | 2011-12-23 | 2013-06-27 | Flsmidth A/S | Procédé et brûleur pour introduire un combustible dans une zone de combustion d'un four |
CN104136851A (zh) * | 2012-02-21 | 2014-11-05 | 通用电气公司 | 燃烧器喷嘴以及向燃烧器供应燃料的方法 |
US10197269B2 (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2019-02-05 | Nuvera Fuel Cells, LLC | Burner assembly with low NOx emissions |
CN105588118B (zh) * | 2016-03-09 | 2017-10-17 | 浙江尚鼎工业炉有限公司 | 一种燃气加热炉 |
CN106287705A (zh) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-01-04 | 郭玉 | 一种燃气喷枪 |
RU169821U1 (ru) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-04-03 | Акционерное общество "ЕВРАЗ Объединенный Западно-Сибирский металлургический комбинат", АО "ЕВРАЗ ЗСМК" | Многосопловая головка газокислородной горелки |
EP3336428B1 (fr) * | 2016-12-15 | 2021-02-17 | Fives Pillard | Bruleur procédé bas nox |
CN106765216A (zh) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-05-31 | 洛阳明远石化技术有限公司 | 燃烧器和尾气焚烧设备 |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3209811A (en) * | 1963-03-28 | 1965-10-05 | Loftus Engineering Corp | Combination high velocity burner |
US4728284A (en) * | 1987-02-12 | 1988-03-01 | Maxon Corporation | Adjustable combustion rate air/fuel proportioned burner assembly |
IT1235361B (it) * | 1988-04-05 | 1992-06-30 | Termo Tecnica Ceramica Spa | Ugello di tipo misto aria e gas per bruciatori a gas, in particolare bruciatori aventi potenza termica piccola per forni di cottura |
-
1994
- 1994-03-24 FR FR9403633A patent/FR2717884B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-03-20 DE DE69510395T patent/DE69510395T3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-03-20 EP EP95400603A patent/EP0674135B2/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-03-20 AT AT95400603T patent/ATE181593T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-03-20 ES ES95400603T patent/ES2132550T5/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0674135A1 (fr) | 1995-09-27 |
DE69510395T3 (de) | 2003-04-17 |
ES2132550T3 (es) | 1999-08-16 |
DE69510395T2 (de) | 2000-01-13 |
FR2717884B1 (fr) | 1996-06-07 |
ES2132550T5 (es) | 2002-12-16 |
DE69510395D1 (de) | 1999-07-29 |
FR2717884A1 (fr) | 1995-09-29 |
ATE181593T1 (de) | 1999-07-15 |
EP0674135B2 (fr) | 2002-08-21 |
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