EP0673464B1 - One- or two-leaf sliding door, swinging door or pocket door - Google Patents
One- or two-leaf sliding door, swinging door or pocket door Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0673464B1 EP0673464B1 EP94928195A EP94928195A EP0673464B1 EP 0673464 B1 EP0673464 B1 EP 0673464B1 EP 94928195 A EP94928195 A EP 94928195A EP 94928195 A EP94928195 A EP 94928195A EP 0673464 B1 EP0673464 B1 EP 0673464B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- door
- spindle
- leaf
- doors
- freewheel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
- E05F15/60—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators
- E05F15/603—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
- E05F15/40—Safety devices, e.g. detection of obstructions or end positions
- E05F15/42—Detection using safety edges
- E05F15/43—Detection using safety edges responsive to disruption of energy beams, e.g. light or sound
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
- E05F15/60—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators
- E05F15/603—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors
- E05F15/611—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for swinging wings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
- E05F15/60—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators
- E05F15/603—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors
- E05F15/632—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for horizontally-sliding wings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
- E05F15/60—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators
- E05F15/603—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors
- E05F15/632—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for horizontally-sliding wings
- E05F15/652—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for horizontally-sliding wings operated by screw-and-nut mechanisms
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
- E05F15/60—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators
- E05F15/603—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors
- E05F15/632—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for horizontally-sliding wings
- E05F15/655—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for horizontally-sliding wings specially adapted for vehicle wings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D15/00—Suspension arrangements for wings
- E05D15/06—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane
- E05D15/10—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane movable out of one plane into a second parallel plane
- E05D15/1042—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane movable out of one plane into a second parallel plane with transversely moving carriage
- E05D2015/1049—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane movable out of one plane into a second parallel plane with transversely moving carriage the carriage swinging or rotating in a transverse plane
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
- E05F15/40—Safety devices, e.g. detection of obstructions or end positions
- E05F15/42—Detection using safety edges
- E05F2015/483—Detection using safety edges for detection during opening
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/21—Brakes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/214—Disengaging means
- E05Y2201/216—Clutches
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/218—Holders
- E05Y2201/22—Locks
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/23—Actuation thereof
- E05Y2201/232—Actuation thereof by automatically acting means
- E05Y2201/234—Actuation thereof by automatically acting means direction dependent
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/23—Actuation thereof
- E05Y2201/244—Actuation thereof by manual operation
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/23—Actuation thereof
- E05Y2201/246—Actuation thereof by auxiliary motors, magnets, springs or weights
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/252—Type of friction
- E05Y2201/26—Mechanical friction
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/262—Type of motion, e.g. braking
- E05Y2201/266—Type of motion, e.g. braking rotary
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/40—Motors; Magnets; Springs; Weights; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/43—Motors
- E05Y2201/434—Electromotors; Details thereof
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/40—Motors; Magnets; Springs; Weights; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/46—Magnets
- E05Y2201/462—Electromagnets
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/60—Suspension or transmission members; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/622—Suspension or transmission members elements
- E05Y2201/696—Screw mechanisms
- E05Y2201/702—Spindles; Worms
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
- E05Y2800/25—Emergency conditions
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
- E05Y2800/26—Form or shape
- E05Y2800/264—Form or shape compact
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
- E05Y2800/40—Physical or chemical protection
- E05Y2800/424—Physical or chemical protection against unintended use, e.g. protection against vandalism or sabotage
- E05Y2800/426—Physical or chemical protection against unintended use, e.g. protection against vandalism or sabotage against unauthorised use, e.g. keys
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
- E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
- E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
- E05Y2900/132—Doors
- E05Y2900/14—Doors disappearing in pockets of a wall, e.g. so-called pocket doors
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
- E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
- E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
- E05Y2900/51—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles for railway cars or mass transit vehicles
Definitions
- the invention relates to single or double-leaf sliding, Swivel sliding or pocket doors, with electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic drive, in particular for vehicles, a spindle being provided with which the wing or wings is connected by a nut or are, with double-leaf doors the spindle is symmetrical to the center of the door and the Door drive either rotating on the spindle or linear acts on one of the wings.
- a sliding door of this type is from GB 2 118 667 A.
- the mother is not rigid with respect to the wings is fixed, but in both axial and in Has noticeable circumferential play, since it between two stops that are firmly connected to the wing are "screwable" along the spindle.
- the reason for this arrangement is that the mother has a pen carries, who is led in a leadership that at the Point that corresponds to the closed position of the door, is bent and the door is locked in a self-locking manner.
- a pivoting sliding door with an electric drive is for example known from DE-C 36 30 229.
- This publication discloses a double-leaf door, in which each Sheet has an upper and a lower guide rail, in which at least one role intervenes, whose vertical axis of rotation is about a vertical axis Door tube is pivotable, this Swiveling movement causes the opening movement of the door.
- This dead center mechanism also means that the door is only locked when it is completely in the Closing end position is retracted, so that any failure of the Drive or any obstacle that the whole Closing the door prevents it from causing Doors in the sequence, for example due to the vibrations of the moving vehicle can be opened.
- the dead center mechanism brings with it that it must be adjusted exactly what is in rough operation and at the large occurring temperature differences difficult and is therefore disadvantageous.
- Another big disadvantage is the use of the each assigned to a door leaf door tube, the at the edge of the door opening in the area of the secondary closing edge with difficulty and with the door open and even then not be fully covered can.
- the door boom tube in the area of the secondary closing edge especially for children, Elderly and frail people who need a stop search, represents a source of danger of the first order.
- Swing sliding doors have also been around for a long time pneumatic or hydraulic drive, as for example are known from AT-B-188 232, in which the door leaves can be swiveled by means of a slide a stationary, circular support tube are led.
- the corresponding guide rails are included for the display movement and the longitudinal guidance in the area of the upper edge of the door and the lower edge of the door on the vehicle side arranged, on the door wing are corresponding Guide roles provided.
- the level of the door handle on the door-free profile projecting closure in the area of the secondary closing edge is a source of danger just like the door tube in the construction mentioned at the beginning.
- the invention aims to create a single or double leaf To create a door of one of the types mentioned at the beginning, which does not have the disadvantages mentioned and which is easy and simple to install and remove, in particular the adjustment can also be made in a simplified manner should.
- the actual suspension of the door can be different, state of the art manner take place and depends on whether it is a one or double-leaf door acts whether a sliding, a Swivel sliding or a pocket door can be created and which drive is intended.
- the release of the brake or clutch in the course of the opening movement preferably also with pneumatic or hydraulic drive electrically, as this is a easier control and smoother opening than one pneumatic or hydraulic actuation allowed.
- the spindle drive not only synchronizes the door movement, but it the movement forces are transmitted for one Door leaves over the spindle even when the real one Door operator acts on a door leaf. Because it breaks in this case the movement of this door wing over the nut connected to it the spindle in rotation what transfers itself to the other door leaf via its mother, that both wings open synchronously or Close because, as mentioned above, the spindle is symmetrical to the middle of the door, thus right-handed over half the length and left-handed over the other half of the length is.
- the spindle Drive for example an electric motor, via a Toothed belt or a gear drive the spindle in rotation offset, provided.
- a Toothed belt or a gear drive the spindle in rotation offset.
- it can be the rotary motion the spindle by a linear drive, which is based on a the mother assigned to him, who is sitting on the spindle, respectively. In both cases the spindle is turned.
- Another advantage achievable with the invention lies in the convenient arrangement of a pneumatic piston-cylinder unit above the door.
- the piston has one Length that is about half the door width, thus a door leaf corresponds. Since it acts on the door wing, next to he can lie on without any linkage or scissor mechanism directly on this wing, or one attached to it Head start, attack.
- the door wing which under the pneumatic piston-cylinder unit is without noticeable space requirement moved over the spindle.
- a door support in the form of a roller attached to the door frame provide the axis of which is substantially horizontal and normal to the direction of movement of the door in the closing area lies, and the one under the role coming support surface of the door cooperates.
- the door according to the invention shown in Fig. 1 has two Door leaves 1, 2, each by means of a slide 3 are pivotally attached to a rail 4. Of the The drive itself, including the spindle, is not shown.
- Fig. 2 shows the view of the door in section II-II of Fig. 1.
- the rail 4 to which the carriage 3 is pivotally mounted in See cut.
- the door 2 is once in the closed Location, flush with the car body and also in the upper area thinly torn in the exhibited, open Location drawn.
- the door itself is guided in the upper area by guide rollers 5, which run in a rail 6, in lower area by swiveling rollers 7 and associated Guide rails 8 in the door.
- Fig. 3 the drive area is enlarged in the 2, shown.
- the one Toothed or V-belt 11 rotates a spindle.
- a nut 21 which by rotating the Spindle 12 is moved axially, which for opening or Closing the door leads.
- the synchronization of the two Doors are made through a symmetrical design of the Spindle gears with respect to the door symmetry level.
- FIG. 4 shows the end of the spindle facing away from the drive 10 12, which covers the rail 4, in a view according to FIG. 1.
- an emergency actuation device 13 through which the clutch or brake of the freewheel can be solved, shown in more detail.
- an operating rod To release the brake in the event of an emergency actuation and thus on, an operating rod must be used 14 against the force of a spring 29, in the figure right, which is shifted manually using a Bowden cable 15 or in normal operation by venting the Electromagnetic clutch is carried out.
- a ramp 17 attached, which runs essentially horizontally and is arranged on the secondary closing edge. In the closed State of the door, this ramp surface 17 also contributes a roller 18 together, which is above the ramp surface 17 comes to lie and lies on it.
- the roller 18 is about a substantially horizontal axis 19 rotatable, the axis having a position that 6, especially for door 2, can be seen in more detail. In the end area of the closing process the door moves essentially in the direction of the Line 20.
- the axis 19 of the roller 18 runs normally the final closing direction 20.
- the Doors in the area of the secondary closing edge are self-supporting. Every attempt to open it brings with it that a moment is built up around an axis that is approximately horizontal and normal to the door level, so that a twisting of the door around its suspension on the sled 3 is the result. This twist leads to one Lift the door in the area of the secondary closing edge 9.
- This Lifting is effectively prevented by the support 17, 18 the height of the support has no influence on their effect.
- This area is preferably near the top edge of the door, so that the cover of the door operator also Support also covered.
- FIG 5 is an embodiment of an invention usable freewheel shown with brake.
- the The view shows the end of FIG Spindle 12 including the one with the door over the slide 3 connected mother 21, in the open position of the door.
- the end of the spindle 12 can be tilted in a receptacle 22 stored, which at the same time a usual freewheel 23 having. With the receptacle 22 held in a rotationally fixed manner the freewheel 23 rotates the spindle 12 in the Direction corresponding to the closing of doors 1, 2.
- the receptacle 22 is fixed or in one piece with a shaft 24 connected, which is rotatably mounted relative to the car body is and with a clutch disc 25, which on their both end faces carries clutch linings 26, connected.
- This release is done automatically by the door operator every time the door is opened or by means of the Bowden cable 15 by hand in an emergency.
- the brake either be applied again or by a lever mechanism that is not shown is held in the open position. In one case is a proper closing and another Operation of the door possible, otherwise it is possible determine abuse, and Take action against it.
- FIG. 8 shows a variant in a view similar to FIG. 1, but with the actual Pneumatic door drive via a cylinder-piston unit 30 to one firmly connected to the door leaf 1 Approach 31 works.
- this is the Nut 21, which sits on the spindle 12.
- This mother moves the door leaf 1 when moving Spindle 12 in rotation, whereby the door leaf 2 mediates the mother 32 connected to it into a door leaf 1 mirror-image-synchronous movement is offset.
- the left end of the spindle 12 in FIG. 8 carries a freewheel 23 and a brake or clutch 24-28, as in Fig. 5 are shown in detail.
- the door according to the invention is not based on what is stated Example limited. So it is possible to drive the Perform the spindle in a different way, for example through a gear train or when space there allowed by a coaxial flange on the spindle Engine.
- the support 17, 18 can be designed differently, and if it's just about unauthorized opening by users, for example, be formed by two support surfaces, the have a small distance from one another in the normal state and may be lubricated accordingly, to reduce wear.
- the releasable Freewheeling is concerned, its arrangement is coaxial with the spindle 12. If the space next to the door opening for the shown embodiment is not sufficient, it is for the Specialist a light, free-wheeling including releasable brake, similar to the door drive 10 shown, diagonally above and, seen on the carriage side, to be arranged within the spindle 12 and an active connection by means of V-belts or toothed belts, a gear transmission or a chain or the like. to manufacture. In addition to shortening the overall length, this has also the advantage that the spindle 12 is fixed on both sides can be and that the brake is mounted for itself can be because the operative connection is able is assembly errors and axis inclinations and the like. balance.
- the brake can either be non-positive (friction clutch) or be form-fitting (tooth coupling).
- the spindle itself can have different profiles, for example the usual trapezoidal profile, especially however, spline spindles are preferred.
- Any device can be used as a freewheel a rotation of the spindle 12 in the closing direction the door wing allows appropriate direction, too if the fixed part of the freewheel is fixed, twisting prevented in the opposite direction. With no rotation given fixed part is a turning of the spindle in each Possible direction.
Landscapes
- Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
- Wing Frames And Configurations (AREA)
- Grates (AREA)
- Details Of Garments (AREA)
- Vehicle Step Arrangements And Article Storage (AREA)
- Supports Or Holders For Household Use (AREA)
- Refrigerator Housings (AREA)
- Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
- Seal Device For Vehicle (AREA)
- Closing And Opening Devices For Wings, And Checks For Wings (AREA)
- Specific Sealing Or Ventilating Devices For Doors And Windows (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein- oder zweiflügelige Schiebe-, Schwenkschiebe- oder Taschentüren, mit elektrischem, pneumatischem oder hydraulischem Antrieb, insbesonders für Fahrzeuge, wobei eine Spindel vorgesehen ist, mit der der Flügel bzw. die Flügel über eine Mutter verbunden ist bzw. sind, wobei bei zweiflügeligen Türen die Spindel symmetrisch zur Türmitte ausgebildet ist und wobei der Türantrieb entweder drehend auf die Spindel oder linear auf einen der Flügel wirkt.The invention relates to single or double-leaf sliding, Swivel sliding or pocket doors, with electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic drive, in particular for vehicles, a spindle being provided with which the wing or wings is connected by a nut or are, with double-leaf doors the spindle is symmetrical to the center of the door and the Door drive either rotating on the spindle or linear acts on one of the wings.
Eine Schiebetüre dieser Art ist aus der GB 2 118 667 A
bekannt, wobei die Mutter bezüglich der Flügel nicht starr
befestigt ist, sondern sowohl in axialer als auch in
Umfangsrichtung merkliches Spiel aufweist, da sie zwischen
zwei Anschlägen, die mit dem Flügel fest verbunden
sind, entlang der Spindel "verschraubbar" ist. Der Grund
für diese Anordnung ist, daß die Mutter einen Stift
trägt, der in einer Führung geführt ist, die an der
Stelle, die der Schließstellung der Türe entspricht,
abgebogen ist und so die Türe selbsthemmend verriegelt.A sliding door of this type is from
Eine Schwenkschiebetüre mit elektrischem Antrieb ist beispielsweise aus der DE-C 36 30 229 bekannt. Diese Druckschrift offenbart eine zweiflügelige Tür, bei der jedes Blatt eine obere und eine untere Führungsschiene aufweist, in die jeweils zumindest eine Rolle eingreift, deren vertikal verlaufende Drehachse um ein vertikal verlaufendes Türbaumrohr verschwenkbar ist, wobei diese Schwenkbewegung die Ausstellbewegung der Tür bewirkt.A pivoting sliding door with an electric drive is for example known from DE-C 36 30 229. This publication discloses a double-leaf door, in which each Sheet has an upper and a lower guide rail, in which at least one role intervenes, whose vertical axis of rotation is about a vertical axis Door tube is pivotable, this Swiveling movement causes the opening movement of the door.
Da der elektrische Antrieb nur während der Betätigung der Tür unter Strom stehen kann, ist zur Verriegelung der Tür ein Totpunktmechanismus notwendig, der sicherstellt, daß ein Manipulieren an der geschlossenen Tür nicht zu deren Öffnen führen kann. Because the electric drive only during the operation of the Door can be live, is to lock the door a dead center mechanism is required to ensure that tampering with the closed door not to its Opening can result.
Dieser Totpunktmechanismus bedingt auch, daß die Türe erst dann verriegelt ist, wenn sie vollständig in die Schließendlage eingefahren ist, so daß jeder Ausfall des Antriebes oder jedes Hindernis, daß das vollständige Schließen der Türe verhindert, mit sich bringt, daß die Türe in der Folge, beispielsweise zufolge der Vibrationen des fahrenden Fahrzeuges, geöffnet werden kann. Andererseits bringt der Totpunktmechanismus mit sich, daß er genau justiert werden muß, was im rauhen Betrieb und bei den großen auftretenden Temperaturunterschieden schwierig und somit nachteilig ist. This dead center mechanism also means that the door is only locked when it is completely in the Closing end position is retracted, so that any failure of the Drive or any obstacle that the whole Closing the door prevents it from causing Doors in the sequence, for example due to the vibrations of the moving vehicle can be opened. On the other hand the dead center mechanism brings with it that it must be adjusted exactly what is in rough operation and at the large occurring temperature differences difficult and is therefore disadvantageous.
Ein weiterer großer Nachteil ist die Verwendung des jeweils einem Türblatt zugeordneten Türbaumrohres, das sich am Rand der Türöffnung im Bereich der Schließnebenkante befindet und bei geöffneter Tür nur mit Schwierigkeiten und auch dann nicht vollständig abgedeckt werden kann. Im Zuge des Schließens der Türe stellt das Türbaumrohr im Bereich der Schließnebenkante, besonders für Kinder, Ältere und gebrechliche Personen, die einen Halt suchen, eine Gefahrenquelle ersten Ranges dar.Another big disadvantage is the use of the each assigned to a door leaf door tube, the at the edge of the door opening in the area of the secondary closing edge with difficulty and with the door open and even then not be fully covered can. In the course of closing the door, the door boom tube in the area of the secondary closing edge, especially for children, Elderly and frail people who need a stop search, represents a source of danger of the first order.
Probleme entstehen beim Justieren auch dadurch, daß die Türbaumrohre sowohl im Bodenbereich als auch im Dachbereich montiert und justiert werden müssen. Es bedarf keines besonderen Nachweises der dabei auftretenden Probleme in allen drei Achsenrichtungen.Problems arise when adjusting also that the Door tree tubes both in the floor area and in the roof area must be installed and adjusted. You don't need one special evidence of the problems that arise in all three axes.
Es gibt bereits seit langem auch Schwenkschiebetüren mit pneumatischem oder hydraulischem Antrieb, wie sie beispielsweise aus der AT-B-188 232 bekannt sind, bei denen die Türflügel mittels eines Schlittens schwenkbar an einem ortsfesten, kreisrunden Tragrohr längsverschieblich geführt sind. Dabei sind die entsprechenden Führungsschienen für die Ausstellbewegung und die Längsführung im Bereich der Türoberkante und der Türunterkante fahrzeugseitig angeordnet, am Türflügel sind entsprechende Führungsrollen vorgesehen.Swing sliding doors have also been around for a long time pneumatic or hydraulic drive, as for example are known from AT-B-188 232, in which the door leaves can be swiveled by means of a slide a stationary, circular support tube are led. The corresponding guide rails are included for the display movement and the longitudinal guidance in the area of the upper edge of the door and the lower edge of the door on the vehicle side arranged, on the door wing are corresponding Guide roles provided.
Der Antrieb erfolgt über eine Zylinder-Kolben-Einheit, wobei zur Verringerung der Einbaubreite verschiedene Hebel- und Scherenmechanismen vorgeschlagen worden sind. Diese Türen verriegeln im geschlossenen Zustand im Bereich der Nebenschließkante mit einem dort angebrachten Mechanismus, um einerseits im Falle des Druckabfalles im Antrieb auch während der Fahrt geschlossen zu bleiben, aber auch, weil der übliche Betriebsdruck nicht ausreicht, um ein öffnen der Türe zuverlässig zu verhindern. Ein dazu ausreichender Betriebsdruck ist wegen der notwendigen Wandstärken der Rohre und Schläuche nicht auf ökonomische Weise zu erreichen.It is driven by a cylinder-piston unit, different to reduce the pave width Lever and scissor mechanisms have been proposed. These doors lock when closed in the Area of the secondary closing edge with one attached there Mechanism, on the one hand, in the event of a pressure drop in the Drive to remain closed even while driving, but also because the usual operating pressure is not sufficient, to reliably prevent the door from opening. A sufficient operating pressure is necessary because of the Wall thickness of the pipes and hoses does not to achieve economical way.
Der in Höhe des Türgriffes über das Tür-Frei-Profil ragende Verschluß im Bereich der Nebenschließkante stellt eine ebensolche Gefahrenquelle dar wie das Türbaumrohr bei der eingangs genannten Konstruktion.The level of the door handle on the door-free profile projecting closure in the area of the secondary closing edge is a source of danger just like the door tube in the construction mentioned at the beginning.
Die Erfindung zielt darauf ab, eine ein- oder zweiflügelige Türe einer der eingangs genannten Arten zu schaffen, die die genannten Nachteile nicht aufweist und die leicht und einfach ein- und auszubauen ist, wobei insbesonders auch die Justierung vereinfacht vorgenommen werden soll. Darüberhinaus soll die Nebenschließkante von Hindernissen und einklemmgefährdenden Gegenständen und Einbauten befreit sein.The invention aims to create a single or double leaf To create a door of one of the types mentioned at the beginning, which does not have the disadvantages mentioned and which is easy and simple to install and remove, in particular the adjustment can also be made in a simplified manner should. In addition, the secondary closing edge of Obstacles and objects that can jam you Internals to be exempt.
Erfindungsgemäß werden diese Ziele durch die
kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruches 1 erreicht.According to the invention, these goals are achieved by
characteristic features of
Durch diesen Aufbau erreicht man eine selbsteinstellende, stufenlose Türverriegelung, womit sowohl der Totpunktmechanismus als auch die Zuhaltung an der Nebenschließkante als auch der unerwünschte Türbaum überflüssig wird.With this structure you can achieve a self-adjusting stepless door locking, with which both the dead center mechanism as well as the guard locking on the secondary closing edge as the unwanted door tree is unnecessary.
Die eigentliche Aufhängung der Türe kann auf unterschiedliche, dem Stand der Technik entsprechende Art und Weise erfolgen und hängt davon ab, ob es sich um eine ein- oder zweiflügelige Türe handelt, ob eine Schiebe-, eine Schwenkschiebe- oder eine Taschentüre geschaffen werden soll und davon, welcher Antrieb vorgesehen ist.The actual suspension of the door can be different, state of the art manner take place and depends on whether it is a one or double-leaf door acts whether a sliding, a Swivel sliding or a pocket door can be created and which drive is intended.
Das Freigeben der Bremse bzw. Kupplung im Zuge der öffnungsbewegung erfolgt bevorzugt auch bei pneumatischem bzw. hydraulischem Antrieb elektrisch, da dies eine einfachere Steuerung und ein sanfteres Öffnen als eine pneumatische bzw. hydraulische Betätigung erlaubt.The release of the brake or clutch in the course of the opening movement preferably also with pneumatic or hydraulic drive electrically, as this is a easier control and smoother opening than one pneumatic or hydraulic actuation allowed.
Bei zweiflügeligen Türen wird durch den Spindeltrieb nicht nur die Türbewegung synchronisiert, sondern es erfolgt die Übertragung der Bewegungskräfte für einen Türflügel auch dann über die Spindel, wenn der eigentliche Türantrieb auf einen Türflügel wirkt. Es verstzt nämlich in diesem Fall die Bewegung dieses Türflüges über die mit ihm verbundene Mutter die Spindel in Drehung, was sich auf das andere Türblatt über dessen Mutter so überträgt, daß sich beide Flügel synchron Öffnen bzw. Schließen, da, wie oben erwähnt die Spindel symmetrisch zur Türmitte, somit über die halbe Länge rechtsgängig und über die andere Hälfte der Länge linksgängig ausgebildet ist.With double-leaf doors, the spindle drive not only synchronizes the door movement, but it the movement forces are transmitted for one Door leaves over the spindle even when the real one Door operator acts on a door leaf. Because it breaks in this case the movement of this door wing over the nut connected to it the spindle in rotation what transfers itself to the other door leaf via its mother, that both wings open synchronously or Close because, as mentioned above, the spindle is symmetrical to the middle of the door, thus right-handed over half the length and left-handed over the other half of the length is.
Üblicherweise ist ein drehend auf die Spindel wirkender Antrieb, beispielsweise ein Elektromotor, der über einen Zahnriemen oder ein Zahnradgetriebe die Spindel in Rotation versetzt, vorgesehen. Es kann aber die Drehbewegung der Spindel durch einen linearen Antrieb, der auf eine ihm zugeordnete Mutter, die auf der Spindel sitzt, wirkt, erfolgen. In beiden Fällen wird die Spindel gedreht.Usually one is rotating on the spindle Drive, for example an electric motor, via a Toothed belt or a gear drive the spindle in rotation offset, provided. But it can be the rotary motion the spindle by a linear drive, which is based on a the mother assigned to him, who is sitting on the spindle, respectively. In both cases the spindle is turned.
Ein weiterer mit der Erfindung erreichbarer Vorteil liegt in der günstigen Anordnung einer pneumatischen Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit oberhalb der Tür. Der Kolben hat eine Länge, die etwa der halben Türbreite, somit einem Türblatt entspricht. Da er auf den Türflügel wirkt, neben dem er liegt, kann er ohne Gestänge oder Scherenmechanismus direkt an diesem Flügel, bzw. einem an ihm angebrachten Vorsprung, angreifen. Der Türflügel, der unter der pneumatische Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit liegt, wird ohne merklichen Platzbedarf über die Spindel bewegt.Another advantage achievable with the invention lies in the convenient arrangement of a pneumatic piston-cylinder unit above the door. The piston has one Length that is about half the door width, thus a door leaf corresponds. Since it acts on the door wing, next to he can lie on without any linkage or scissor mechanism directly on this wing, or one attached to it Head start, attack. The door wing, which under the pneumatic piston-cylinder unit is without noticeable space requirement moved over the spindle.
In einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, im Bereich der Türnebenschließkante, oberhalb der üblichen Griffhöhen und bevorzugt nahe der Türoberkante, somit von der Abdeckung des Türantriebes mitabgedeckt, eine Türabstützung in Form einer am Türrahmen angebrachten Rolle vorzusehen, deren Achse im wesentlichen horizontal und zur Bewegungsrichtung der Tür im Schließendbereich normal liegt, und die mit einer unter die Rolle zu liegen kommenden Stützfläche der Tür zusammenwirkt.In one embodiment of the invention it is provided in Area of the secondary door closing edge, above the usual Handle heights and preferably near the top edge of the door, thus from covered the cover of the door operator, a door support in the form of a roller attached to the door frame provide the axis of which is substantially horizontal and normal to the direction of movement of the door in the closing area lies, and the one under the role coming support surface of the door cooperates.
Dies bringt überraschenderweise eine wesentliche Verbesserung der Stabilität der Türe im geschlossenen Zustand mit sich, da jeder Versuch eines Öffnens der Türe, sei es durch Passagiere oder Druckstöße bei Zugbegegnungen, ein Anheben der Türe im Bereich der Nebenschließkante mit sich bringt. Durch die Abstützung wird das Anheben und somit auch Ausheben und Öffnen wirksam verhindert.Surprisingly, this brings an essential one Improve the stability of the door when closed State with itself as every attempt to open the Door, be it from passengers or pressure surges during train encounters, lifting the door in the area of the secondary closing edge brings with it. Through the support lifting and thus lifting and opening are effective prevented.
Andere Vorteile und Details werden anhand der Beschreibung
der Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt:
Die in Fig. 1 gezeigte erfindungsgemäße Türe weist zwei
Türblätter 1, 2 auf, die jeweils mittels eines Schlittens
3 an einer Schiene 4 schwenkbar befestigt sind. Der
Antrieb selbst samt der Spindel ist dabei nicht dargestellt. The door according to the invention shown in Fig. 1 has two
Fig. 2 zeigt die Ansicht der Türe im Schnitt II-II der
Fig. 1. Im oberen Bereich der Türe ist die Schiene 4, um
die der Schlitten 3 verschwenkbar gelagert ist, im
Schnitt zu sehen. Die Türe 2 ist einmal in der geschlossenen
Lage, bündig mit dem Wagenkasten und zusätzlich im
oberen Bereich dünn angerissen in der ausgestellten, offenen
Lage gezeichnet.Fig. 2 shows the view of the door in section II-II of
Fig. 1. In the upper area of the door is the
Die Führung der Türe selbst erfolgt im oberen Bereich
durch Führungsrollen 5, die in einer Schiene 6 laufen, im
unteren Bereich durch ausschwenkbare Rollen 7 und zugehörige
Führungsschienen 8 in der Türe.The door itself is guided in the upper area
by
Der gesamte, zwischen den Führungsrollen bzw. Schienen
liegende Bereich der Nebenschließkanten 9 ist frei von
Einbauten, durch die ein Einklemmen gefährlich wird.The whole, between the guide rollers or rails
lying area of the
In Fig. 3 ist der Antriebsbereich vergrößert, in der
Ansicht entsprechend Fig. 2, dargestellt. Dabei ist der
eigentliche Antriebsmotor 10 erkennbar, der über einen
Zahn- oder Keilriemen 11 eine Spindel in Drehung versetzt.
Mit jeder Türe 1, 2 bzw. deren Schlitten 3 fest
verbunden ist eine Mutter 21, die durch das Drehen der
Spindel 12 axial bewegt wird, was zum Öffnen bzw.
Schließen der Türe führt. Die Synchronisierung der beiden
Türen erfolgt durch eine symmetrische Ausbildung der
Spindelgänge bezüglich der Türsymmetrieebene.In Fig. 3, the drive area is enlarged in the
2, shown. Here is the
Fig. 4 zeigt das dem Antrieb 10 abgewandte Ende der Spindel
12, die die Schiene 4 verdeckt, in einer Ansicht
gemäß der Fig. 1. Dabei ist eine Notbetätigungseinrichtung
13, durch die die Kupplung bzw. Bremse des Freilaufes
gelöst werden kann, näher dargestellt.4 shows the end of the spindle facing away from the
Um die Bremse bei Notbetätigung zu lösen und somit ein
händisches Öffnen zu ermöglichen, muß ein Betätigungsstab
14 gegen die Kraft einer Feder 29, in der Figur nach
rechts, verschoben werden, was händisch mittels eines
Bowdenzuges 15 oder im Normalbetrieb durch Lüften der
Elektromagnetkupplung erfolgt.To release the brake in the event of an emergency actuation and thus on
To enable manual opening, an operating rod must be used
14 against the force of a
Ebenfalls in Fig. 4, in größerem Maßstab aber bei der Tür
2 in Fig. 7, zu erkennen ist die im oberen Türbereich
angeordnete Abstützung zur Stabilisierung der Türlage im
geschlossenen Zustand. An der Türe 1 ist eine Auflauffläche
17 angebracht, die im wesentlichen waagrecht verläuft
und an der Nebenschließkante angeordnet ist. Im geschlossenen
Zustand der Tür wirkt diese Auflauffläche 17 mit
einer Rolle 18 zusammen, die oberhalb der Auflauffläche
17 zu liegen kommt und auf ihr aufliegt.Also in Fig. 4, but on a larger scale at the
Die Rolle 18 ist um eine im wesentlichen waagrechte Achse
19 drehbar, wobei die Achse eine Lage aufweist, die
besonders aus Fig. 6, dort allerdings für die Türe 2,
näher ersichtlich ist. Im Endbereich des Schließvorganges
bewegt sich die Türe im wesentlichen in der Richtung der
Linie 20. Die Achse 19 der Rolle 18 verläuft normal zu
der Endschließrichtung 20.The
Wie wiederum aus Fig. 4 deutlich ersichtlich, ist die
Türe im Bereich der Nebenschließkante freitragend ausgebildet.
Jeder Öffnungsversuch bringt es daher mit sich,
daß ein Moment um eine Achse aufgebaut wird, die annähernd
waagrecht und normal zur Türebene verläuft, sodaß
ein Verdrehen der Türe etwa um ihre Aufhängung am Schlitten
3 die Folge ist. Diese Verdrehung führt zu einem
Anheben der Türe im Bereich der Nebenschließkante 9. Dieses
Anheben wird durch die Abstützung 17, 18 wirksam verhindert,
wobei die Höhenlage der Abstützung keinen Einfluß
auf ihre Wirkung hat. Dies bedeutet, daß es möglich
ist, die Abstützung in einem Höhenbereich anzuordnen, in
dem weder ein Einklemmen eines Passagieres, noch eine
besondere Verschmutzung während des Betriebes befürchtet
werden muß. Bevorzugt liegt dieser Bereich nahe der Türoberkante,
sodaß die Abdeckung des Türantriebes auch die
Abstützung mitabdeckt. As can be clearly seen from FIG. 4, the
Doors in the area of the secondary closing edge are self-supporting.
Every attempt to open it brings with it
that a moment is built up around an axis that is approximately
horizontal and normal to the door level, so that
a twisting of the door around its suspension on the
In Fig. 5 ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäß
verwendbaren Freilaufes samt Bremse dargestellt. Die
Ansicht zeigt das dem Antrieb 10 abgewandte Ende der
Spindel 12 samt der mit der Türe über den Schlitten 3
verbundenen Mutter 21, in der Offenlage der Türe.5 is an embodiment of an invention
usable freewheel shown with brake. The
The view shows the end of
Das Ende der Spindel 12 ist kippbar in einer Aufnahme 22
gelagert, die gleichzeitig einen üblichen Freilauf 23
aufweist. Bei drehfest gehaltener Aufnahme 22 ermöglicht
der Freilauf 23 eine Drehbewegung der Spindel 12 in der
Richtung, die dem Schließen der Türen 1, 2 entspricht.The end of the
Zum Öffnen der Türen, d.h. zum Verdrehen der Spindel in
der entgegengesetzten Richtung, ist es notwendig, die
Aufnahme 22 freizugeben, so daß sie sich mit der Spindel
12 mitdrehen kann. Dies wird auf folgende Weise erreicht:
Die Aufnahme 22 ist fest oder einstückig mit einer Welle
24 verbunden, die drehbar gegenüber dem Wagenkasten gelagert
ist und mit einer Kupplungsscheibe 25, die an ihren
beiden Stirnseiten Kupplungsbeläge 26 trägt, verbunden.To open the doors, i.e. for turning the spindle in
the opposite direction, it is necessary that
Axial gesehen zu beiden Seiten der Kupplungsscheibe 25
sind, bezüglich des Wagenkastens drehfest und axial
bezüglich der Welle 24 verschieblich, Gegenscheiben 27,
28 ausgebildet. Wird nun die Stange 14, wie dies durch
ihre beiden Lagen angedeutet ist, nach rechts verschoben,
so werden durch Verschwenken einer Nocke die beiden Kupplungsscheiben
27, 28 axial freigegeben, wodurch die
dazwischenliegende, mit der Welle 24 verbundene Scheibe
25 ebenfalls freigegeben wird, was es der Aufnahme 22
ermöglicht, sich mit der Spindel 12 in Öffnungsrichtung
mitzudrehen.Seen axially on both sides of the
Dieses Freigeben erfolgt automatisch durch den Türantrieb
jedesmal beim Öffnen der Türe oder aber mittels des
Bowdenzuges 15 von Hand aus im Notfall. Je nach
Sicherheitsphilosophie des Benutzers kann nach händischer
Betätigung die Bremse entweder wieder angezogen werden
oder durch einen Hebelmechanismus, der nicht dargestellt
ist, in der Offenstellung gehalten werden. Im einen Falle
ist ein ordnungsgemäßes Schließen und ein weiterer
Betrieb der Türe möglich, im anderen Falle ist es möglich,
eine mißbräuchliche Betätigung festzustellen und
Maßnahmen dagegen zu ergreifen.This release is done automatically by the door operator
every time the door is opened or by means of the
Durch die spezielle Anordnug des Freilaufes und der Bremse wird erreicht, daß statt der fixen, beispielsweise durch den Totpunkt vorgegebenen, Schließendlage ein Schließendlagenbereich vorhanden ist, in dem die Türe gegen unerwünschtes Öffnen gesichert ist. Dies bringt eine wesentliche Vereinfachung der Montage mit sich, da beispielsweise auf unterschiedlich breite Dichtungsgummis keine Rücksicht mehr genommen werden muß.Due to the special arrangement of the freewheel and the Brake is achieved that instead of the fixed, for example closing position specified by the dead center There is a closing position in which the door is secured against unwanted opening. This brings a significant simplification of the assembly itself, because for example on differently sized rubber seals no longer has to be considered.
Die Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 8 zeigt eine Variante in
einer Ansicht ähnlich der Fig. 1, wobei aber der eigentliche
Türantrieb pneumatisch über eine Zylinder-Kolben-Einheit
30 auf einen mit dem Türflügel 1 fest verbundenen
Ansatz 31 wirkt. Im gezeigten Beispiel ist dies die
Mutter 21, die auf der Spindel 12 sitzt.The embodiment according to FIG. 8 shows a variant in
a view similar to FIG. 1, but with the actual
Pneumatic door drive via a cylinder-
Diese Mutter versetzt beim Bewegen des Türflügels 1 die
Spindel 12 in Drehung, wodurch der Türflügel 2 vermittels
der mit ihm verbundenen Mutter 32 in eine zum Türflügel 1
spiegelbildlich-synchrone Bewegung versetzt wird.This mother moves the
Das in Fig. 8 linke Ende der Spindel 12 trägt einen Freilauf
23 und eine Bremse bzw. Kupplung 24-28, wie sie in
Fig. 5 detailliert dargestellt sind.The left end of the
Die erfindungsgemäße Türe ist nicht auf das ausgeführte Beispiel beschränkt. So ist es möglich, den Antrieb der Spindel auf andere Weise durchzuführen, beispielsweise durch ein Zahnradgetriebe oder, wenn der Platz es erlaubt, durch einen koaxial an der Spindel angeflanschten Motor.The door according to the invention is not based on what is stated Example limited. So it is possible to drive the Perform the spindle in a different way, for example through a gear train or when space there allowed by a coaxial flange on the spindle Engine.
Die Abstützung 17, 18 kann anders ausgeführt sein und,
wenn es nur um ein unbefugtes Öffnen durch Benutzer geht,
beispielsweise durch zwei Stützflächen gebildet sein, die
im Normalzustand geringen Abstand voneinander aufweisen
und unter Umständen entsprechend geschmiert sein können,
um die Abnutzung zu verringern.The
Es ist aber auch denkbar, zwei Stützflächen 17 an der
Türe vorzusehen, von denen die eine, so wie dargestellt,
unterhalb der Stützrolle liegt, die andere aber oberhalb
der Stützrolle zu liegen kommt, so daß im geschlossenen
Zustand der Tür der Schlitten 3 und die Tragschiene 4
entlastet wird. Es ist selbstverständlich auch möglich,
die Rolle an der Tür und die Stützfläche(n) am Wagenkasten
vorzusehen.But it is also conceivable to have two support surfaces 17 on the
To provide doors, one of which, as shown,
is below the support roller, but the other is above
the support roller comes to rest, so that in the closed
Condition of the door of the
Eine andere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung, die den lösbaren
Freilauf betrifft, ist dessen Anordnung koaxial zur Spindel
12. Wenn der Platz neben der Türöffnung für die
gezeigte Ausführungsform nicht ausreicht, ist es für den
Fachmann ein leichtes, den Freilauf samt lösbarer Bremse,
ähnlich wie den gezeigten Türantrieb 10, schräg oberhalb
und, wagenseitig gesehen, innerhalb der Spindel 12 anzuordnen
und eine Wirkverbindung mittels Keil- oder Zahnriemens,
eines Zahnradgetriebes oder einer Kette od.dgl.
herzustellen. Neben der Verkürzung der Baulänge hat dies
auch den Vorteil, daß die Spindel 12 beidseits fest gelagert
werden kann und daß auch die Bremse für sich montiert
werden kann, weil die Wirkverbindung in der Lage
ist, Montagefehler und Achsschrägstellungen u.dgl. auszugleichen.Another embodiment of the invention, the releasable
Freewheeling is concerned, its arrangement is coaxial with the
Die Bremse kann entweder kraftschlüssig (Reibkupplung) oder formschlüssig (Zahnkupplung) ausgeführt sein. The brake can either be non-positive (friction clutch) or be form-fitting (tooth coupling).
Bei Verwendung eines Linearantriebes kann dieser, wie oben erläutert, pneumatisch, aber selbverständlich auch hydraulisch oder elektrisch ausgebildet sein. Er kann entweder auf einen der Türflügel oder über eine eigene Mutter auf die Spindel wirken.When using a linear actuator, this can be done like explained above, pneumatic, but of course also be designed hydraulically or electrically. He can either on one of the door panels or on your own Act on the spindle.
Bei reinen Schiebetüren ohne Ausstellbewegung, z.Bsp. bei Taschentüren, die beim öffnen in eine Tasche zwischen der Außenwand und der Innenwand des Fahrzeuges geschoben werden, ist die Anbringung eines Linearantriebes besonders einfach möglich, da er keine Schwenkbewegung mitmachen muß.With pure sliding doors without opening movement, e.g. at Pocket doors that open in a pocket between the Outer wall and the inner wall of the vehicle are pushed, the installation of a linear drive is special easily possible because it does not participate in a swiveling movement got to.
Die Spindel selbst kann verschiedene Profile aufweisen, beispielsweise das übliche Trapezprofil, besonders bevorzugt werden jedoch Keilwellenspindeln.The spindle itself can have different profiles, for example the usual trapezoidal profile, especially however, spline spindles are preferred.
Als Freilauf kann jede Vorrichtung verwendet werden, die
ein Verdrehen der Spindel 12 in der der Schließrichtung
der Türflügel entsprechenden Richtung gestattet, auch
wenn der Festteil des Freilaufes fixiert ist, ein Verdrehen
in der Gegenrichtung aber verhindert. Bei drehfrei
gegebenem Festteil ist ein Verdrehen der Spindel in jeder
Richtung möglich.Any device can be used as a freewheel
a rotation of the
Claims (8)
- A one-leaf or two-leaved sliding door, swinging-sliding door or pocket door, with electric, pneumatic or hydraulic drive (10,30), in particular for vehicles, with a spindle (12) to which the leaf or leaves (1,2) is/are connected via a respective nut (21,32), wherein with two-leaved doors the spindle is designed to be symmetrical to the door centre and wherein the door drive either has a rotational action on the spindle (12) or has a linear action on one of the leaves (1), characterised in that at one end the spindle (12) is provided with a freewheel (23) and with a releasable brake or coupling (24-28) preventing rotating of the fixed part of the freewheel, and in that the freewheel (23) blocks the rotation in the door-opening direction of the spindle relative to the fixed part of the freewheel.
- Doors according to Claim 1, characterised in that with the spindle (12) being driven permanently at one end the freewheel (13) and the brake or coupling (24-28) are mounted at the other end of the spindle.
- Doors according to Claim 1, characterised in that if a linear drive is used, for example a pneumatic piston-cylinder assembly (30), the linear drive is disposed above one of the door leaves (2) and acts on the other door leaf (1).
- Doors according to any one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the releasable brake or coupling (24-28) is released electrically.
- Doors according to any one of Claims 1 to 3 with pneumatic or hydraulic drive, characterised in that the releasable brake or coupling (24-28) is released pneumatically or hydraulically.
- Doors according to any one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that in the vicinity of the side closure edge, preferably near the upper door edge, an abutting surface (17) is provided on the door (1), which in the closed position of the door (1,2) is situated substantially directly below a countersupport surface (18) provided on the door frame.
- Doors according to Claim 6, characterised in that the countersupport surface is a roller (18) which is pivotable about a substantially horizontal axis (19) which extends substantially normal to the final closing movement (20) of the doors (1,2).
- Doors according to Claim 6 or 7, characterised in that on the door side a further abutting surface is provided, which is disposed substantially directly above the countersupport surface (18).
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT199893A AT400970B (en) | 1993-10-05 | 1993-10-05 | Swing-and-slide door |
AT1998/93 | 1993-10-05 | ||
AT0000494A AT401082B (en) | 1994-01-03 | 1994-01-03 | One or two leaf power-driven sliding or swivel door esp. for vehicles - designed to suit electric or pneumatic or hydraulic drive and includes spindle which is connected with leaf or leaves across nut |
AT4/94 | 1994-01-03 | ||
PCT/AT1994/000146 WO1995009959A1 (en) | 1993-10-05 | 1994-10-05 | One- or two-leaf sliding door, swinging door or pocket door |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0673464A1 EP0673464A1 (en) | 1995-09-27 |
EP0673464B1 true EP0673464B1 (en) | 1998-08-05 |
Family
ID=25591065
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94928195A Expired - Lifetime EP0673464B1 (en) | 1993-10-05 | 1994-10-05 | One- or two-leaf sliding door, swinging door or pocket door |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0673464B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1068402C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE169368T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU7733394A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2150924C (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ289890B6 (en) |
DE (1) | DE59406615D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2119226T3 (en) |
FI (1) | FI104009B (en) |
HU (1) | HU214471B (en) |
NO (1) | NO304845B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1995009959A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010121920A1 (en) | 2009-04-23 | 2010-10-28 | Knorr-Bremse Gesellschaft Mit Beschränkter Haftung | One- or two-leaf sliding door, swinging-sliding door, or pocket door |
US8493081B2 (en) | 2009-12-08 | 2013-07-23 | Magna Closures Inc. | Wide activation angle pinch sensor section and sensor hook-on attachment principle |
US9234979B2 (en) | 2009-12-08 | 2016-01-12 | Magna Closures Inc. | Wide activation angle pinch sensor section |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6134838A (en) * | 1997-02-24 | 2000-10-24 | Westinghouse Air Brake Company | Power door having a drive member disposed within a hanger portion and rollers of a door support engaging the hanger portion for motion therealong |
ES2156540B1 (en) * | 1999-03-08 | 2002-01-16 | Faiveley Espanola | OPEN-CLOSURE DEVICE FOR SLIDING SLIDING DOORS. |
AT411283B (en) | 2000-03-16 | 2003-11-25 | Knorr Bremse Gmbh | CONTROLLING THE MOVEMENT OF A SLIDING OR Pivoting sliding door in your closing area |
US20020092236A1 (en) * | 2000-09-14 | 2002-07-18 | Heffner Steven P. | Drive system |
AT411611B (en) * | 2002-06-07 | 2004-03-25 | Hoerbiger Hydraulik | SPINDLE DRIVE ENGAGEMENT |
DE102006058884B4 (en) | 2006-12-13 | 2010-08-26 | Siemens Ag | Sliding, swiveling or pocket door |
DE102007036563B3 (en) * | 2007-08-03 | 2008-08-21 | Siemens Ag | Device for opening and closing a vehicle door comprises a shaft with an input shaft coming from a drive unit and an output shaft coming from the door |
ES2390717B1 (en) | 2009-11-24 | 2013-10-03 | Masats, S.A. | MECHANISM TO MAKE THE CLOSURE AND OPENING OF A DOOR OSCILOCORREDERA SHEET (SWINGING-SLIDING) |
CN102635283B (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2014-11-12 | 青岛励赫化工科技有限公司 | Self-locking door body opening structure |
AT516009A1 (en) | 2014-06-18 | 2016-01-15 | Knorr Bremse Ges Mit Beschränkter Haftung | Door drive for a railroad car |
EP3511503B1 (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2022-08-31 | MAN Truck & Bus SE | Pivoting door structure for a vehicle, preferably a bus |
CA2965664A1 (en) | 2014-10-29 | 2016-05-06 | Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation | Clutch mechanism between leadscrew and electric motor |
EP3112571A1 (en) | 2015-06-29 | 2017-01-04 | Knorr-Bremse Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Device for protecting trapped persons, etc. in doors |
CN106761134B (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-12-29 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of electronic biparting inner swing door system of differential motion |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2525784B1 (en) * | 1982-04-21 | 1985-08-16 | Faiveley Ets | LOCKING DEVICE FOR A ROTARY LOCKING OPERATING MEMBER |
AT384590B (en) * | 1985-02-22 | 1987-12-10 | Stabeg Apparatebau Gmbh | ACTUATING DEVICE FOR VEHICLE SLIDING DOORS |
-
1994
- 1994-10-05 EP EP94928195A patent/EP0673464B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-05 ES ES94928195T patent/ES2119226T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-05 CA CA002150924A patent/CA2150924C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-05 HU HU9501463A patent/HU214471B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-10-05 AU AU77333/94A patent/AU7733394A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-10-05 AT AT94928195T patent/ATE169368T1/en active
- 1994-10-05 DE DE59406615T patent/DE59406615D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-05 CZ CZ19951489A patent/CZ289890B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-10-05 WO PCT/AT1994/000146 patent/WO1995009959A1/en active IP Right Grant
-
1995
- 1995-05-30 NO NO952133A patent/NO304845B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-06-02 FI FI952715A patent/FI104009B/en active
- 1995-10-05 CN CN94190756A patent/CN1068402C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010121920A1 (en) | 2009-04-23 | 2010-10-28 | Knorr-Bremse Gesellschaft Mit Beschränkter Haftung | One- or two-leaf sliding door, swinging-sliding door, or pocket door |
US8493081B2 (en) | 2009-12-08 | 2013-07-23 | Magna Closures Inc. | Wide activation angle pinch sensor section and sensor hook-on attachment principle |
US9234979B2 (en) | 2009-12-08 | 2016-01-12 | Magna Closures Inc. | Wide activation angle pinch sensor section |
US9417099B2 (en) | 2009-12-08 | 2016-08-16 | Magna Closures Inc. | Wide activation angle pinch sensor section |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
HU214471B (en) | 1998-03-30 |
ATE169368T1 (en) | 1998-08-15 |
CN1068402C (en) | 2001-07-11 |
EP0673464A1 (en) | 1995-09-27 |
FI104009B1 (en) | 1999-10-29 |
NO952133L (en) | 1995-05-30 |
NO952133D0 (en) | 1995-05-30 |
HU9501463D0 (en) | 1995-07-28 |
NO304845B1 (en) | 1999-02-22 |
CN1115184A (en) | 1996-01-17 |
CA2150924A1 (en) | 1995-04-13 |
CZ289890B6 (en) | 2002-04-17 |
FI952715A0 (en) | 1995-06-02 |
DE59406615D1 (en) | 1998-09-10 |
ES2119226T3 (en) | 1998-10-01 |
HUT71189A (en) | 1995-11-28 |
CA2150924C (en) | 2005-11-08 |
FI952715A (en) | 1995-06-02 |
WO1995009959A1 (en) | 1995-04-13 |
CZ148995A3 (en) | 1995-11-15 |
AU7733394A (en) | 1995-05-01 |
FI104009B (en) | 1999-10-29 |
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