EP0660964B1 - Material for electric contacts based on silver-tin oxide or silver-zinc oxide and process for its production - Google Patents

Material for electric contacts based on silver-tin oxide or silver-zinc oxide and process for its production Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0660964B1
EP0660964B1 EP93920746A EP93920746A EP0660964B1 EP 0660964 B1 EP0660964 B1 EP 0660964B1 EP 93920746 A EP93920746 A EP 93920746A EP 93920746 A EP93920746 A EP 93920746A EP 0660964 B1 EP0660964 B1 EP 0660964B1
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Prior art keywords
tin oxide
silver
powder
mixture
weight
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EP93920746A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0660964A1 (en
EP0660964B2 (en
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Volker Behrens
Thomas Honig
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Doduco Contacts and Refining GmbH
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Doduco GmbH and Co KG Dr Eugen Duerrwaechter
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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00Contacts
    • H01H1/02Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021Composite material
    • H01H1/023Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
    • H01H1/0237Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides
    • H01H1/02372Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides containing as major components one or more oxides of the following elements only: Cd, Sn, Zn, In, Bi, Sb or Te
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/05Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
    • C22C1/059Making alloys comprising less than 5% by weight of dispersed reinforcing phases
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C32/00Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/001Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
    • C22C32/0015Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0021Matrix based on noble metals, Cu or alloys thereof
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00Contacts
    • H01H1/02Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021Composite material
    • H01H1/023Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
    • H01H1/0237Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides
    • H01H1/02372Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides containing as major components one or more oxides of the following elements only: Cd, Sn, Zn, In, Bi, Sb or Te
    • H01H1/02376Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides containing as major components one or more oxides of the following elements only: Cd, Sn, Zn, In, Bi, Sb or Te containing as major component SnO2
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12028Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12049Nonmetal component
    • Y10T428/12056Entirely inorganic
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12028Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12063Nonparticulate metal component
    • Y10T428/12097Nonparticulate component encloses particles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12028Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12063Nonparticulate metal component
    • Y10T428/12104Particles discontinuous
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12028Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12146Nonmetal particles in a component

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a material for electrical contacts based on silver-tin oxide with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • a material for electrical contacts based on silver-tin oxide with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a material is known from WO 80/01434; the material is obtained by mixing a powder of silver or an alloy containing mainly silver with tin oxide powder, compacting the mixture and sintering.
  • contact materials based on silver-tin oxide Due to their better environmental compatibility and their at least partially more favorable lifespan, contact materials based on silver-tin oxide have started to replace the previously preferred silver-cadmium oxide materials. Since the tin oxide tends to be poorly conductive when exposed to arcing because of its higher thermal resistance To form slag layers on the contact surface, however, the heating behavior under continuous current is unsatisfactory for contacts made of silver-tin oxide. In order to eliminate this disadvantage, it is known to add additives in powder form to the material produced by powder metallurgy, which lead to a lower temperature at the contact point.
  • Tungsten and molybdenum oxide and carbide have been mentioned in the patent literature as suitable additives in this sense (DE-A-29 33 338, DE-A-31 02 067, DE-A-32 32 627).
  • Bismuth and germanium oxide have also been mentioned as additives (DE-A-31 02 067 and DE-A-32 32 627).
  • These additives help to wet the tin oxide particles so that when the contact piece surface melts locally under the action of a switching arc, the tin oxide remains in fine suspension. In addition to this positive effect with regard to the heating behavior under continuous current, these additives also have undesirable side effects.
  • the plastic deformability of the silver-tin oxide contact materials which is not entirely satisfactory anyway, for the improvement of which, for example, a pretreatment of the tin oxide powder is carried out by annealing (DE-A-29 52 128) is made worse by these additives because they have an embrittling effect.
  • Another disadvantage, in particular of the tungsten and molybdenum compounds, is that they are particularly in switching operation under AC1 load (DIN 57660 part 102) favor a material transfer that leads to accelerated combustion and thus to a reduction in the service life.
  • a contact material with a low tendency to weld and the lowest possible contact temperature under continuous current is to be obtained by specifically producing a structure in which areas in which little or no metal oxide is present alternate with areas, in which all or the vast majority of the metal oxide component is contained in a fine distribution.
  • a composite powder is produced which contains the predominant part of the tin oxide and the further oxides and / or carbides as well as part of the silver. This composite powder is mixed with the remaining silver powder and possibly with the smaller rest of the metal oxides, compacted, sintered and shaped. In this way, a material that can be used well is obtained, but by a relatively complex process.
  • the oxides of tungsten, molybdenum, bismuth, vanadium and copper are mentioned as metal oxides.
  • the doped tin oxide powder is a composite powder which can be obtained by mixing the tin oxide powder with the powdered dopant, annealing the mixture so that the dopant and the tin oxide powder particles diffuse, and separating the excess of the dopant from the tin oxide powder.
  • P 42 19 333.8 discloses to spray a solution of a salt of tin and a salt of the metal or metals, from the oxides or carbides of which the dopant is supposed to consist, into a hot, oxidizing atmosphere , in which the salts are decomposed so that a fine-particle composite powder precipitates, the particles of which contain the tin oxide and the dopants.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a material of the type mentioned, which shows by additions a favorable heating behavior as the known contact materials, but is more ductile and has a longer service life in the AC1 switching case.
  • This object is achieved by a material with the features specified in claim 1.
  • a particularly suitable method for producing such a material is the subject of claim 9.
  • Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
  • the invention additionally uses a powder which contains one or more chemical compounds of silver, oxygen and a metal from subgroups II to VI and / or antimony, bismuth, germanium, gallium and indium, in particular silver-tungsten-oxygen compounds, silver-molybdenum-oxygen compounds, silver-antimony-oxygen compounds, silver-bismuth-oxygen compounds and silver-germanium-oxygen compounds.
  • this class of compounds also includes silver antimonate and silver molybdate, of which Christine Bourda (see above) is known to be in a silver-tin oxide-molybdenum oxide material or silver-tin oxide-antimony oxide Can form material and have no favorable influence on the wettability of the tin oxide can be achieved
  • the contact material according to the invention a significantly lower heating of the contact points under continuous current than with known contacts with a composition of comparable quantity. It is believed that this is due to the fact that, unlike Christine Bourda (see above), the contact material is not produced in the usual way by mixing and sintering silver powder, tin oxide powder and additional metal oxide powder, but rather by using powder from the outset.
  • a powder is mixed with the silver powder in the powder-metallurgical production of the contact material, said powder consisting mainly of tin oxide and one or more compounds of the silver-oxygen-metal type, decisive advantages are achieved.
  • a certain lowering of the contact point temperature under predetermined conditions can be achieved with a significantly lower proportion of the chosen additive than according to the previously known prior art.
  • Contact materials show that, according to the invention, a certain reduction in the contact point temperature can be achieved with only 1/2 to 1/10 of the additional amount required in the prior art. This also applies to the example of molybdenum oxide, the proportion of which can be drastically reduced if it is used as silver molybdate, especially if it is bound to tin oxide particles.
  • the contact material is less brittle, i.e. is more ductile.
  • Another advantage is that, due to the lower proportion of the electrically non-conductive additive, the electrical resistance of the contact material is additionally reduced, which again contributes to lowering the contact point temperature.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that the lower proportion of the selected additive increases the service life of contact pieces made of the material, in particular under AC1 test conditions.
  • the use of the powder according to the invention surprisingly results in less burnup than in conventional silver-tin oxide contact materials with pure metal oxide additives such as tungsten oxide, molybdenum oxide or bismuth oxide.
  • the tin oxide particles are preferably coated at least superficially with the silver-metal-oxygen compounds. They then particularly effectively promote the wetting of the tin oxide particles with the molten phase which forms under the action of an arc.
  • One in this Modified tin oxide powder can advantageously be obtained by mixing tin oxide powder and the powdery additive with one another and annealing them together, so that the tin oxide powder particles are wetted by the additive, some of the additive also diffusing into the surface area of the tin oxide particles and possibly a mixed oxide therein can form.
  • the material expediently contains 5 to 20% by weight, preferably 8 to 14% by weight, and thus the tin oxide as desired can be kept in suspension by the additives in the molten phase which occurs under the action of arcing, the tin oxide powder is preferably with at least 0.1% by weight of the additive, but with not more than 2.5% by weight, preferably with no more connected as 1% by weight of the additive.
  • Silver molybdate is particularly preferred as an additive because of its particularly favorable effect on the heating behavior.
  • the annealing of the mixture of tin oxide and the selected additive is advantageously carried out under an oxygen-containing atmosphere, preferably in air at a temperature between 500 ° C and 800 ° C, preferably at a temperature just above the melting point of the additive, so that it becomes liquid and the Tin Oxide Particles superficially wetted.
  • the additive is then only where its wetting-promoting effect is desired and can therefore be used sparingly. With the small amounts in which it is used, the tin oxide particles do not stick together yet; but should this happen in individual cases, you can counter this by grinding.
  • the tin oxide and the additive can be combined not only by annealing together, but also by depositing the additive on the tin oxide particles using chemical or physical deposition processes.
  • the teaching according to the invention can be applied to contact materials based on silver with zinc oxide.
  • no additives have been used in practice so far, but efforts have been made to reduce the contact point temperature by constructive measures in the switching device.
  • a zinc oxide powder combined with an additive according to the invention a reduction in the contact point temperature can also be achieved with this type of material.
  • the three examples can be modified so that zinc oxide is used instead of tin oxide.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/EP93/02511 Sec. 371 Date May 18, 1995 Sec. 102(e) Date May 18, 1995 PCT Filed Sep. 16, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO94/07252 PCT Pub. Date Mar. 31, 1994A material for electric contacts based on silver-tin oxide is obtained by mixing a powder of silver or an alloy mainly containing silver with a powder consisting mainly of tin oxide and 0.01 to 10 wt. % (in relation to the quantity of tin oxide) of an additive consisting of one or more compounds containing silver, oxygen and a metal from sub-groups II to VI of the periodic system and/or antimony, bismuth, germanium, indium and gallium, compacting the mixture and sintering it. The tin oxide may be replaced by zinc oxide.

Description

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Werkstoff für elektrische Kontakte auf der Basis von Silber-Zinnoxid mit den im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmalen. Ein solcher Werkstoff ist aus der WO 80/01434 bekannt; der Werkstoff wird erhalten durch Mischen eines Pulvers aus Silber oder einer hauptsächlich Silber enthaltenden Legierung mit ZinnoxidPulver, Verdichten der Mischung und Sintern.The invention relates to a material for electrical contacts based on silver-tin oxide with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1. Such a material is known from WO 80/01434; the material is obtained by mixing a powder of silver or an alloy containing mainly silver with tin oxide powder, compacting the mixture and sintering.

Aufgrund ihrer besseren Umweltverträglichkeit und ihrer zumindest teilweise günstigeren Lebensdauer haben Kontaktwerkstoffe auf der Basis von Silber-Zinnoxid begonnen, die bis dahin bevorzugten Silber-Cadmiumoxidwerkstoffe zu ersetzen. Da das Zinnoxid wegen seiner höheren thermischen Beständigkeit dazu neigt, unter Lichtbogeneinwirkung schlecht leitende Schlackeschichten an der Kontaktoberfläche zu bilden, ist jedoch das Erwärmungsverhalten unter Dauerstrom bei Kontakten aus Silber-Zinnoxid unbefriedigend. Um diesen Nachteil zu beseitigen, ist es bekannt, dem pulvermetallurgisch hergestellten Werkstoff Zusätze in Pulverform beigegeben, die zu einer niedrigeren Temperatur an der Kontaktstelle führen. Als geeignete Zusätze in diesem Sinn sind in der Patentliteratur vor allem Wolfram- und Molybdänoxid und -karbid genannt worden (DE-A-29 33 338, DE-A-31 02 067, DE-A-32 32 627). Als Zusätze sind ferner Wismut- und Germaniumoxid genannt worden (DE-A-31 02 067 und DE-A-32 32 627). Diese Zusätze helfen, Zinnoxidpartikel zu benetzen, so dass dann, wenn die Kontaktstückoberfläche unter der Wirkung eines Schaltlichtbogens lokal aufschmilzt, das Zinnoxid feinteilig in Suspension bleibt. Neben dieser positiven Wirkung hinsichtlich des Erwärmungsverhaltens unter Dauerstrom haben diese Zusätze jedoch auch unerwünschte Nebenwirkungen. Die ohnehin nicht ganz befriedigende plastische Verformbarkeit der Silber-Zinnoxid-Kontaktwerkstoffe, zu deren Verbesserung beispielsweise eine Vorbehandlung des Zinnoxidpulvers durch Glühen durchgeführt wird (DE-A-29 52 128), wird durch diese Zusätze noch verschlechtert, weil sie versprödend wirken. Das gilt insbesondere für Wismut- und Molybdänoxid. Ein weiterer Nachteil insbesondere der Wolfram- und Molybdänverbindungen besteht darin, dass sie insbesondere im Schaltbetrieb unter AC1-Belastung (DIN 57660 Teil 102) eine Materialübertragung begünstigen, die zu beschleunigtem Abbrand und damit zu einer Verringerung der Lebensdauer führt.Due to their better environmental compatibility and their at least partially more favorable lifespan, contact materials based on silver-tin oxide have started to replace the previously preferred silver-cadmium oxide materials. Since the tin oxide tends to be poorly conductive when exposed to arcing because of its higher thermal resistance To form slag layers on the contact surface, however, the heating behavior under continuous current is unsatisfactory for contacts made of silver-tin oxide. In order to eliminate this disadvantage, it is known to add additives in powder form to the material produced by powder metallurgy, which lead to a lower temperature at the contact point. Tungsten and molybdenum oxide and carbide have been mentioned in the patent literature as suitable additives in this sense (DE-A-29 33 338, DE-A-31 02 067, DE-A-32 32 627). Bismuth and germanium oxide have also been mentioned as additives (DE-A-31 02 067 and DE-A-32 32 627). These additives help to wet the tin oxide particles so that when the contact piece surface melts locally under the action of a switching arc, the tin oxide remains in fine suspension. In addition to this positive effect with regard to the heating behavior under continuous current, these additives also have undesirable side effects. The plastic deformability of the silver-tin oxide contact materials, which is not entirely satisfactory anyway, for the improvement of which, for example, a pretreatment of the tin oxide powder is carried out by annealing (DE-A-29 52 128) is made worse by these additives because they have an embrittling effect. This applies in particular to bismuth and molybdenum oxide. Another disadvantage, in particular of the tungsten and molybdenum compounds, is that they are particularly in switching operation under AC1 load (DIN 57660 part 102) favor a material transfer that leads to accelerated combustion and thus to a reduction in the service life.

Nach der Lehre der WO 89/09478 soll ein Kontaktwerkstoff mit geringer Verschweißneigung und möglichst niedriger Kontakttemperatur unter Dauerstrombelastung dadurch erhalten werden, dass man gezielt ein Gefüge herstellt, in welchem Bereiche, in denen kein oder nur sehr wenig Metalloxid enthalten ist, abwechseln mit Bereichen, in denen die gesamte oder der weit überwiegende Teil der Metalloxidkomponente in feiner Verteilung enthalten ist. Zu diesem Zweck wird unter anderem ein Verbundpulver hergestellt, welches den überwiegenden Teil des Zinnoxids und der weiteren Oxide und/oder Karbide sowie einen Teil des Silbers enthält. Dieses Verbundpulver wird mit dem restlichen Silberpulver und ggfs. mit dem kleineren Rest der Metalloxide vermischt, verdichtet, gesintert und umgeformt. Auf diese Weise erhält man zwar einen gut brauchbaren Werkstoff, jedoch nach einem verhältnismässig aufwendigen Verfahren. Als Metalloxide sind die Oxide von Wolfram, Molybdän, Wismut, Vanadium und Kupfer genannt.According to the teaching of WO 89/09478, a contact material with a low tendency to weld and the lowest possible contact temperature under continuous current is to be obtained by specifically producing a structure in which areas in which little or no metal oxide is present alternate with areas, in which all or the vast majority of the metal oxide component is contained in a fine distribution. For this purpose, among other things, a composite powder is produced which contains the predominant part of the tin oxide and the further oxides and / or carbides as well as part of the silver. This composite powder is mixed with the remaining silver powder and possibly with the smaller rest of the metal oxides, compacted, sintered and shaped. In this way, a material that can be used well is obtained, but by a relatively complex process. The oxides of tungsten, molybdenum, bismuth, vanadium and copper are mentioned as metal oxides.

Aus dem Aufsatz von Christine Bourda et al. "PROPERTIES AND EFFECTS OF DOPING AGENTS USED IN AGSNO2 CONTACT MATERIALS", veröffentlicht in Proc. 16th Int. Conference on Electrical Contacts 7.-12.09.1992 in Loughborough, ist es bekannt, dass manche oxidische Zusätze mit Silber oder Zinnoxid reagieren; so wurde festgestellt, dass sich bei Temperaturen, die unter der Einwirkung eines Schaltlichtbogens erreicht werden, in einem aus Silberpulver, Zinnoxidpulver und Molybdänoxidpulver oder Antimonoxidpulver hergestellten Kontaktwerkstoff aus Silber und Molybdänoxid Silbermolybdat Ag2MoO4 und aus Silber und Antimonoxid Silber-Antimonat AgSbO3 entstehen kann. Zu diesen beiden Zusätzen ist jedoch in der Literaturstelle angemerkt, dass sie nach dem Ergebnis von diesbezüglichen Versuchen keinen Einfluß auf die Benetzbarkeit des Zinnoxids mit Silber haben, so dass nicht zu erwarten ist, dass sie das Erwärmungsverhalten von Kontakten unter Dauerstrom verbessern.From the essay by Christine Bourda et al. "PROPERTIES AND EFFECTS OF DOPING AGENTS USED IN AGSNO2 CONTACT MATERIALS", published in Proc. 16th Int. Conference on Electrical Contacts September 7-12, 1992 in Loughborough, it is known that some oxidic additives react with silver or tin oxide; it was found that at Temperatures that can be reached under the action of a switching arc can arise in a contact material made of silver and molybdenum oxide, silver molybdate Ag 2 MoO 4 and silver and antimony oxide silver-antimonate AgSbO 3 in a contact material made from silver powder, tin oxide powder and molybdenum oxide powder or antimony oxide powder. Regarding these two additives, however, it is noted in the literature that, following the results of tests in this regard, they have no influence on the wettability of the tin oxide with silver, so that it is not to be expected that they will improve the heating behavior of contacts under continuous current.

In der älteren, aber nicht vorveröffentlichten deutschen Patentanmeldung P 42 19 333.8 wurde bereits ein Werkstoff für elektrische Kontakte auf der Basis von Silber-Zinnoxid vorgeschlagen, der erhalten wird durch Mischen eines Pulvers aus Silber oder aus einer hauptsächlich Silber enthaltenden Legierung mit einem Zinnoxidpulver, dessen Pulverteilchen mit bis zu 5 Gew.-% eines Oxids oder Karbids von Molybdän, Wolfram, Wismut, Antimon, Germanium, Vanadium, Kupfer oder Indium dotiert sind, Verdichten der Mischung, Sintern und Umformen. Dabei ist das dotierte Zinnoxidpulver ein Verbundpulver, welches erhalten werden kann durch Mischen des Zinnoxidpulvers mit der pulverförmigen Dotierungssubstanz, Glühen der Mischung, so dass die Dotierungssubstanz und die Zinnoxidpulverteilchen diffundiert, und Abtrennen des Uberschusses der Dotierungssubstanz vom Zinnoxidpulver. Als weiteres Verfahren, dotiertes Zinnoxidpulver zu erhalten, ist in P 42 19 333.8 offenbart, eine Lösung eines Salzes von Zinn und eines Salzes des Metalles oder der Metalle, aus deren Oxiden oder Karbiden die Dotierungssubstanz bestehen soll, in eine heiße, oxidierende Atmosphäre zu sprühen, in welcher die Salze zersetzt werden, so dass ein feinteiliges Verbundpulver ausfällt, dessen Teilchen das Zinnoxid und die Dotierungssubstanzen enthält.In the older, but not prepublished German patent application P 42 19 333.8, a material for electrical contacts based on silver-tin oxide was already proposed, which is obtained by mixing a powder of silver or an alloy mainly containing silver with a tin oxide powder, the Powder particles are doped with up to 5% by weight of an oxide or carbide of molybdenum, tungsten, bismuth, antimony, germanium, vanadium, copper or indium, compacting the mixture, sintering and shaping. The doped tin oxide powder is a composite powder which can be obtained by mixing the tin oxide powder with the powdered dopant, annealing the mixture so that the dopant and the tin oxide powder particles diffuse, and separating the excess of the dopant from the tin oxide powder. As a further method of obtaining doped tin oxide powder, P 42 19 333.8 discloses to spray a solution of a salt of tin and a salt of the metal or metals, from the oxides or carbides of which the dopant is supposed to consist, into a hot, oxidizing atmosphere , in which the salts are decomposed so that a fine-particle composite powder precipitates, the particles of which contain the tin oxide and the dopants.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Werkstoff der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, der durch Zusätze ein ebenso günstiges Erwärmungsverhalten zeigt wie die bekannten Kontaktwerkstoffe, jedoch duktiler ist und im AC1-Schaltfall eine höhere Lebensdauer hat. Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch einen Werkstoff mit den im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen. Ein besonders geeignetes Verfahren zum Herstellen eines solchen Werkstoffes ist Gegenstand des Anspruchs 9. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.The present invention has for its object to provide a material of the type mentioned, which shows by additions a favorable heating behavior as the known contact materials, but is more ductile and has a longer service life in the AC1 switching case. This object is achieved by a material with the features specified in claim 1. A particularly suitable method for producing such a material is the subject of claim 9. Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Die Erfindung verwendet in der pulvermetallurgischen Herstellung eines Kontaktwerkstoffs auf Silber-ZinnoxidBasis zusätzlich ein Pulver, das eine oder mehrere chemische Verbindungen von Silber, Sauerstoff und einem Metall aus den Nebengruppen II bis VI und/oder Antimon, Wismut, Germanium, Gallium und Indium enthält, insbesondere Silber-Wolfram-Sauerstoff-Verbindungen, Silber-Molybdän-Sauerstoff-Verbindungen, Silber-Antimon-Sauerstoff-Verbindungen, Silber-Wismut-Sauerstoff-Verbindungen und Silber-GermaniumSauerstoff-Verbindungen. Obwohl zu dieser Klasse von Verbindungen auch Silber-Antimonat und Silber-Molybdat gehören, von denen aus dem Aufsatz von Christine Bourda (s.o.) bekannt ist, dass sie sich in einem Silber-Zinnoxid-Molybdänoxid-Werkstoff bzw. Silber-Zinnoxid-Antimonoxid-Werkstoff bilden können und keinen günstigen Einfluß auf die Benetzbarkeit des Zinnoxids haben, erreicht man mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Kontaktwerkstoff überraschend doch eine wesentlich niedrigere Erwärmung der Kontaktstellen unter Dauerstrom als bei bekannten Kontakten mit mengenmäßig vergleichbarer Zusammensetzung. Es wird vermutet, dass das damit zusammenhängt, dass anders als von Christine Bourda (s.o.) berichtet, der Kontaktwerkstoff nicht wie üblich hergestellt wird, indem Silberpulver, Zinnoxidpulver und zusätzliche Metalloxidpulver miteinander gemischt und gesintert werden, sondern, indem von vornherein Pulver eingesetzt wird, welches anstelle eines reinen Metalloxids wie z.B. MoO3 eine Verbindung des Typs Silber-Metall-Sauerstoff wie Ag2MoO4 enthält, insbesondere, wenn diese Verbindung ganz oder teilweise mit den Zinnoxidpulverteilchen verbunden ist, d.h. ein Verbundpulver gebildet wird, in dessen Teilchen Zinnoxid und die Silber-Metall-Sauerstoff-Verbindung miteinander verbunden sind; dieses Verbundpulver wird dann mit Silberpulver gemischt und zu einem Kontaktwerkstoff gesintert.In the powder metallurgical production of a contact material based on silver-tin oxide, the invention additionally uses a powder which contains one or more chemical compounds of silver, oxygen and a metal from subgroups II to VI and / or antimony, bismuth, germanium, gallium and indium, in particular silver-tungsten-oxygen compounds, silver-molybdenum-oxygen compounds, silver-antimony-oxygen compounds, silver-bismuth-oxygen compounds and silver-germanium-oxygen compounds. Although this class of compounds also includes silver antimonate and silver molybdate, of which Christine Bourda (see above) is known to be in a silver-tin oxide-molybdenum oxide material or silver-tin oxide-antimony oxide Can form material and have no favorable influence on the wettability of the tin oxide can be achieved Surprisingly, with the contact material according to the invention a significantly lower heating of the contact points under continuous current than with known contacts with a composition of comparable quantity. It is believed that this is due to the fact that, unlike Christine Bourda (see above), the contact material is not produced in the usual way by mixing and sintering silver powder, tin oxide powder and additional metal oxide powder, but rather by using powder from the outset. which contains a compound of the type silver-metal-oxygen such as Ag 2 MoO 4 instead of a pure metal oxide such as MoO 3 , in particular if this compound is wholly or partly connected to the tin oxide powder particles, ie a composite powder is formed in the particles of which tin oxide and the silver-metal-oxygen compound are interconnected; this composite powder is then mixed with silver powder and sintered into a contact material.

Dadurch, dass erfindungsgemäss bei der pulvermetallurgischen Herstellung des Kontaktwerkstoffes mit dem Silberpulver ein Pulver gemischt wird, welches hauptsächlich aus Zinnoxid sowie aus einer oder mehreren Verbindungen vom Typ Silber-Sauerstoff-Metall besteht, werden entscheidende Vorteile erreicht. Überraschenderweise hat es sich nämlich gezeigt, dass man mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Kontaktwerkstoff eine bestimmte Senkung der Kontaktstellentemperatur unter vorgegebenen Bedingungen bereits mit einem wesentlich geringeren Anteil des gewählten Zusatzes als nach dem bisher bekannten Stand der Technik erreicht. Erste Erfahrungen mit erfindungsgemässen Kontaktwerkstoffen zeigen, dass eine bestimmte Senkung der Kontaktstellentemperatur erfindungsgemäss mit nur 1/2 bis zu 1/10 der Zusatzmenge erreicht werden kann, die im Stand der Technik benötigt wird. Das gilt auch für das Beispiel des Molybdänoxids dessen Anteil drastisch verringert werden kann, wenn es als Silbermolybdat eingesetzt wird, vorallem, wenn es an Zinnoxidpartikel gebunden ist.By virtue of the fact that, according to the invention, a powder is mixed with the silver powder in the powder-metallurgical production of the contact material, said powder consisting mainly of tin oxide and one or more compounds of the silver-oxygen-metal type, decisive advantages are achieved. Surprisingly, it has been shown that, with the contact material according to the invention, a certain lowering of the contact point temperature under predetermined conditions can be achieved with a significantly lower proportion of the chosen additive than according to the previously known prior art. First experiences with the invention Contact materials show that, according to the invention, a certain reduction in the contact point temperature can be achieved with only 1/2 to 1/10 of the additional amount required in the prior art. This also applies to the example of molybdenum oxide, the proportion of which can be drastically reduced if it is used as silver molybdate, especially if it is bound to tin oxide particles.

Dies führt auch dazu, dass der Kontaktwerkstoff weniger spröde, d.h. duktiler ist. Als weiterer Vorteil kommt hinzu, dass infolge des geringeren Anteils des elektrisch nicht leitenden Zusatzes der elektrische Widerstand des Kontaktwerkstoffes zusätzlich herabgesetzt wird, was nochmal einen Beitrag zur Senkung der Kontaktstellentemperatur leistet.This also means that the contact material is less brittle, i.e. is more ductile. Another advantage is that, due to the lower proportion of the electrically non-conductive additive, the electrical resistance of the contact material is additionally reduced, which again contributes to lowering the contact point temperature.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der Erfindung liegt darin, dass durch den geringeren Anteil des gewählten Zusatzes die Lebensdauer von Kontaktstücken aus dem Werkstoff erhöht wird, und zwar insbesondere unter AC1-Prüfbedingungen. Der Einsatz des erfindungsgemäßen Pulvers führt überraschenderweise zu einem geringeren Abbrand als bei herkömmlichen Silber-Zinnoxid-Kontaktwerkstoffen mit reinen Metalloxidzusätzen wie Wolframoxid, Molybdänoxid oder Wismutoxid.Another advantage of the invention is that the lower proportion of the selected additive increases the service life of contact pieces made of the material, in particular under AC1 test conditions. The use of the powder according to the invention surprisingly results in less burnup than in conventional silver-tin oxide contact materials with pure metal oxide additives such as tungsten oxide, molybdenum oxide or bismuth oxide.

Vorzugsweise werden die Zinnoxidpartikel zumindest oberflächlich mit den Silber-Metall-Sauerstoffverbindungen belegt. Sie fördern das Benetzen der Zinnoxidpartikel mit der unter Lichtbogeneinwirkung sich bildenden schmelzflüssigen Phase dann besonders wirksam. Ein in dieser Weise modifiziertes Zinnoxidpulver kann man mit Vorteil dadurch erhalten, dass man Zinnoxidpulver und den pulverförmigen Zusatz miteinander vermischt und zusammen glüht, so dass die Zinnoxidpulverteilchen vom Zusatz benetzt werden, wobei ein Teil des Zusatzes auch in den Oberflächenbereich der Zinnoxidpartikel diffundieren und darin ggfs. ein Mischoxid bilden kann.The tin oxide particles are preferably coated at least superficially with the silver-metal-oxygen compounds. They then particularly effectively promote the wetting of the tin oxide particles with the molten phase which forms under the action of an arc. One in this Modified tin oxide powder can advantageously be obtained by mixing tin oxide powder and the powdery additive with one another and annealing them together, so that the tin oxide powder particles are wetted by the additive, some of the additive also diffusing into the surface area of the tin oxide particles and possibly a mixed oxide therein can form.

Um die nötige Sicherheit gegen ein Verschweißen der Kontaktstücke zu bieten, die von Silber-Zinnoxid-Werkstoffen verlangt wird, enthält der Werkstoff zweckmässigerweise 5 bis 20 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 8 bis 14 Gew.-% Zinnoxid, und damit das Zinnoxid wie gewünscht durch die Zusätze in der unter Lichtbogeneinwirkung auftretenden schmelzflüssigen Phase in Suspension gehalten werden kann, ist das Zinnoxidpulver vorzugsweise mit mindestens 0,1 Gew.-% des Zusatzes, aber mit nicht mehr als 2,5 Gew.-%, am besten mit nicht mehr als 1 Gew.-% des Zusatzes verbunden.In order to provide the necessary security against welding of the contact pieces, which is required by silver-tin oxide materials, the material expediently contains 5 to 20% by weight, preferably 8 to 14% by weight, and thus the tin oxide as desired can be kept in suspension by the additives in the molten phase which occurs under the action of arcing, the tin oxide powder is preferably with at least 0.1% by weight of the additive, but with not more than 2.5% by weight, preferably with no more connected as 1% by weight of the additive.

Als Zusatz besonders bevorzugt ist Silbermolybdat wegen seiner besonderes günstigen Wirkung auf das Erwärmungsverhalten.Silver molybdate is particularly preferred as an additive because of its particularly favorable effect on the heating behavior.

Das Glühen der Mischung aus Zinnoxid und dem gewählten Zusatz erfolgt zweckmässigerweise unter sauerstoffhaltiger Atmosphäre, bevorzugt an Luft bei einer Temperatur zwischen 500°C und 800°C, am besten bei einer Temperatur knapp oberhalb des Schmelzpunktes des Zusatzes, so dass dieser flüssig wird und die ZinnoxidTeilchen oberflächlich benetzt. Der Zusatz befindet sich dann nur dort, wo seine benetzungsfördernde Wirkung erwünscht ist, und kann deshalb sparsamst eingesetzt werden. Bei den geringen Mengen, in denen er eingesetzt wird, verkleben die Zinnoxidpartikel miteinander noch nicht; sollte das aber doch im Einzelfall vorkommen, kann man dem durch einen Mahlvorgang begegnen.The annealing of the mixture of tin oxide and the selected additive is advantageously carried out under an oxygen-containing atmosphere, preferably in air at a temperature between 500 ° C and 800 ° C, preferably at a temperature just above the melting point of the additive, so that it becomes liquid and the Tin Oxide Particles superficially wetted. The additive is then only where its wetting-promoting effect is desired and can therefore be used sparingly. With the small amounts in which it is used, the tin oxide particles do not stick together yet; but should this happen in individual cases, you can counter this by grinding.

Das Zinnoxid und der Zusatz können nicht nur durch gemeinsames Glühen miteinander verbunden werden, sondern auch durch Abscheiden des Zusatzes auf den Zinnoxidpartikeln unter Anwendung chemischer oder physikalischer Abscheideverfahren.The tin oxide and the additive can be combined not only by annealing together, but also by depositing the additive on the tin oxide particles using chemical or physical deposition processes.

Die erfindungsgemässe Lehre kann übertragen werden auf Kontaktwerkstoffe auf der Basis von Silber mit Zinkoxid. In solchen Werkstoffen werden bisher in der Praxis noch keine Zusätze verwendet, sondern man bemüht sich, durch konstruktive Maßnahmen im Schaltgerät eine Senkung der Kontaktstellentemperatur zu erreichen. Durch Verwenden eines erfindungsgemäss mit einem Zusatz verbundenen Zinkoxidpulvers läßt sich auch bei diesem Werkstofftyp eine Senkung der Kontaktstellentemperatur erreichen.The teaching according to the invention can be applied to contact materials based on silver with zinc oxide. In such materials, no additives have been used in practice so far, but efforts have been made to reduce the contact point temperature by constructive measures in the switching device. By using a zinc oxide powder combined with an additive according to the invention, a reduction in the contact point temperature can also be achieved with this type of material.

Beispiele:Examples:

  • 1. Aus 100 Gewichtsteilen Zinnoxidpulver mit einer Teilchengröße < 7 µm nach FSSS (FSSS = Fisher Sub-Sieve Sizer) und 0,5 Gewichtsteilen Disilbermonomolybdat Ag2MoO4 ähnlicher oder gleicher Teilchengröße wird durch trockenes Mischen eine Pulvermischung hergestellt. Diese Pulvermischung wird in flachen Keramikschalen unter Luft ca. 1 Stunde bei 600°C geglüht und dadurch das Zinnoxidpulver mit dem Ag2MoO4 benetzt. 12 Gewichtsteile der geglühten Mischung werden mit 88 Gewichtsteilen Silberpulver von etwa 20 µm Teilchengröße (FSSS-Wert) gemischt. Die Mischung wird kaltisostatisch mit einem Druck von 200MPa zu einem Block gepreßt und anschließend 2 Stunden bei 700°C an Luft gesintert. Der gesinterte Block wird durch Vorwärtsstrangpressen zu einem 5 mm dicken Band umgeformt. Das Band wird dann durch Warmwalzplattieren mit einem lötbaren Silber-Rücken versehen und durch Kaltwalzen auf die gewünschte Enddicke gewalzt. Aus diesem Band können nach Bedarf entweder durch Abhacken, Stanzen oder Trennschneiden Kontaktplättchen gebildet werden.1. From 100 parts by weight of tin oxide powder with a particle size of <7 μm according to FSSS (FSSS = Fisher Sub-Sieve Sizer) and 0.5 part by weight of disilvermonomolybdate Ag 2 MoO 4 A powder mixture is produced by dry mixing of a similar or identical particle size. This powder mixture is annealed in flat ceramic bowls in air for about 1 hour at 600 ° C and thereby the tin oxide powder is wetted with the Ag 2 MoO 4 . 12 parts by weight of the annealed mixture are mixed with 88 parts by weight of silver powder with a particle size of about 20 μm (FSSS value). The mixture is cold isostatically pressed to a block at a pressure of 200 MPa and then sintered in air at 700 ° C. for 2 hours. The sintered block is formed into a 5 mm thick band by forward extrusion. The strip is then provided with a solderable silver backing by hot roll cladding and rolled to the desired final thickness by cold rolling. Contact strips can be formed from this band as required, either by chopping, punching or cutting.
  • 2. Aus 100 Gewichtsteilen Zinnoxidpulver mit einer Teilchengröße < 7 µm nach FSSS und 1 Gewichtsteil Silbertetrawolframat Ag8W4O16 ähnlicher oder gleicher Teilchengröße wird durch trockenes Mischen eine Pulvermischung hergestellt. Diese Pulvermischung wird in flachen Keramikschalen unter Luft ca. 1 Stunde bei 700°C geglüht und dadurch das Zinnoxidpulver mit dem Ag8W4O16 benetzt. 10 Gewichtsteile der geglühten Mischung werden mit 90 Gewichtsteilen Silberpulver mit einer Teilchengröße von ca. 20 µm (nach FSSS) gemischt. Die Mischung wird kaltisostatisch mit einem Druck von 200MPa zu zylindrischen Blöcken gepreßt und in Luft bei 700°C 2 Stunden gesintert. Der gesinterte Block wird mit Silber unmantelt, heiß in eine Rückwärtsstrangpresse eingelegt und durch eine Mehrfachmatrize stranggepreßt (DE-OS 34 26 240). Dadurch werden flache Stränge erhalten, die einseitig eine gut löt- und schweißbare Silberoberfläche haben. Durch Kaltwalzen wird die gewünschte Enddicke erhalten. Aus diesem Band können nach Bedarf durch Abhacken, Stanzen oder Trennschneiden Kontaktplättchen gebildet werden.2. A powder mixture is produced by dry mixing from 100 parts by weight of tin oxide powder with a particle size <7 μm according to FSSS and 1 part by weight of silver tetrahydrofuran Ag 8 W 4 O 16 . This powder mixture is annealed in flat ceramic bowls in air for approx. 1 hour at 700 ° C and thereby the tin oxide powder is wetted with the Ag 8 W 4 O 16 . 10 parts by weight of the annealed mixture are mixed with 90 parts by weight of silver powder with a particle size of approximately 20 μm (according to FSSS). The mixture is cold isostatically pressed at a pressure of 200MPa into cylindrical blocks and in air at 700 ° C Sintered for 2 hours. The sintered block is coated with silver, placed hot in a reverse extrusion press and extruded through a multiple die (DE-OS 34 26 240). This results in flat strands that have a silver solder surface that is easy to solder and weld. The desired final thickness is obtained by cold rolling. Contact strips can be formed from this band as required by chopping, punching or cutting.
  • 3. Das Beispiel 1 wird dahingehend abgewandelt, dass aus 119,5 Gewichtsteilen eines Zinnoxidpulvers mit einer Teilchengröße kleiner als 7 µm und 0,5 Gewichtsteile Ag2MoO4 mit einer mittleren Teilchengröße von 40 µm eine Mischung hergestellt wird, die bei 600°C geglüht wird. Dabei verteilt sich das Ag2MoO4 auf den Zinnoxidpartikeln. Im übrigen wird wie im Beispiel 1 verfahren.3. Example 1 is modified in such a way that a mixture is prepared from 119.5 parts by weight of a tin oxide powder with a particle size of less than 7 μm and 0.5 parts by weight of Ag 2 MoO 4 with an average particle size of 40 μm is annealed. The Ag 2 MoO 4 is distributed on the tin oxide particles. Otherwise the procedure is as in Example 1.

Mit so hergestellten Kontaktstücken werden in einem Schaltgerät mit einer Leistung von 37 kW Lebensdauerprüfungen nach der Prüfkategorie AC1 durchgeführt. Nach 200.000 Schaltspielen wurde die Lebensdauer-Prüfung unterbrochen für eine Untersuchung der Erwärmung der Kontaktstücke bei Dauerstromführung. Dabei zeigte sich, dass die Erwärmung mit durchschnittlich 70-90°K nicht höher war als bei einem konventionell hergestellten Werkstoff der Zusammensetzung Ag88/SnO211,6/MoO30,4 mit einem rund zehnmal so hohen Molybdänoxidanteil.With contact pieces manufactured in this way, durability tests are carried out in a switching device with an output of 37 kW in accordance with test category AC1. After 200,000 switching cycles, the service life test was interrupted for an examination of the heating of the contact pieces with continuous current. It was shown that the heating with an average of 70-90 ° K was not higher than that of a conventionally produced material with the composition Ag88 / SnO 2 11.6 / MoO 3 0.4 with a molybdenum oxide content that was around ten times higher.

Die drei Beispiele können dahingehend abgewandelt werden, dass anstelle von Zinnoxid Zinkoxid eingesetzt wird.The three examples can be modified so that zinc oxide is used instead of tin oxide.

Claims (14)

  1. Material for electric contacts on the basis of silver-tin oxide, obtained through
    - mixing of a powder of silver or of a mainly silver containing alloy with tin oxide powder,
    - compacting the mixture, and
    - sintering,
    characterized in that for the production of the mixture an additional powder is used containing 0.01 to 10 weight % based upon the quantity of tin oxide of one or more compounds consisting of silver, oxygen and a metal from subgroups II to VI of the Periodic Table and/or antimony, bismuth, germanium, indium and gallium.
  2. Material according to claim 1, characterized in that the compounds together with the tin oxide are bound to compound particles of a compound powder.
  3. Material according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it contains 5 to 20 weight % of tin oxide.
  4. Material according to claim 3, characterized in that it contains 8 to 14 weight % of tin oxide.
  5. Material according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains at least 0.1 weight % of the admixture.
  6. Material according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains the admixture in an amount not exceeding 2.5 weight %.
  7. Material according to claim 6, characterized in that it contains the admixture in an amount not exceeding 1 weight %.
  8. Material according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compounds contained in the admixture include a metal from the group tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium, antimony, bismuth and germanium, where molybdenum is particularly preferred.
  9. Process for the production of a material for electric contacts on the basis of silver-tin oxide through mixing of a powder of silver or of a mainly silver containing alloy with tin oxide powder and an additional powder which contains 0.01 to 10 weight % based upon the quantity of tin oxide of one or more compounds consisting of silver, oxygen and of a metal selected from the subgroups II to VI of the Periodic Table and/or antimony, bismuth, germanium, indium and gallium, compacting the mixture and sintering it, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the powder, mainly consisting of tin oxide and of the admixture, is obtained through
    - mixing of the tin oxide powder with the admixture in powder form and
    - annealing of the mixture.
  10. Process according to claim 9, characterized in that the mixture is annealed in air.
  11. Process according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the mixture is annealed between 500°C and 800°C.
  12. Process according to any of the claims 9 through 11, characterized in that the mixture is annealed at a temperature above the melting temperature of the admixture.
  13. Process according to any of the claims 9 through 12, characterized in that after sintering the material is again compacted andlor transformed.
  14. Material according to any of the claims 1 through 8 or produced according to any of the claims 9 through 13, characterized in that tin oxide is replaced by zinc oxide.
EP93920746A 1992-09-16 1993-09-16 Material for electric contacts based on silver-tin oxide or silver-zinc oxide and process for its production Expired - Lifetime EP0660964B2 (en)

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EP2644723B1 (en) 2012-03-26 2017-01-18 Umicore AG & Co. KG Composite material
CN104493175B (en) * 2014-12-30 2016-04-13 桂林电器科学研究院有限公司 A kind of preparation method of the siller tin oxide electric contact material containing additive
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US5822674A (en) 1998-10-13
DE4331526C3 (en) 2003-11-06
WO1994007252A1 (en) 1994-03-31
DE4331526A1 (en) 1994-03-17
ES2091633T3 (en) 1996-11-01
ATE139864T1 (en) 1996-07-15
EP0660964A1 (en) 1995-07-05
JPH08504292A (en) 1996-05-07
ES2091633T5 (en) 2003-09-01
EP0660964B2 (en) 2003-01-08
DE59303090D1 (en) 1996-08-01
JP3441074B2 (en) 2003-08-25
DE4331526C2 (en) 1998-07-30

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