EP0656247B1 - Knife with automatic retraction device for the knife blade when it is no longer in its operating position - Google Patents
Knife with automatic retraction device for the knife blade when it is no longer in its operating position Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0656247B1 EP0656247B1 EP94117646A EP94117646A EP0656247B1 EP 0656247 B1 EP0656247 B1 EP 0656247B1 EP 94117646 A EP94117646 A EP 94117646A EP 94117646 A EP94117646 A EP 94117646A EP 0656247 B1 EP0656247 B1 EP 0656247B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- knife
- handle body
- energy store
- voltage
- electromagnet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004377 microelectronic Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B26B5/00—Hand knives with one or more detachable blades
- B26B5/001—Hand knives with one or more detachable blades with blades being slid out of handle immediately prior to use
- B26B5/003—Hand knives with one or more detachable blades with blades being slid out of handle immediately prior to use comprising retraction means for the blade or the blade holder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25G—HANDLES FOR HAND IMPLEMENTS
- B25G1/00—Handle constructions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B26B29/00—Guards or sheaths or guides for hand cutting tools; Arrangements for guiding hand cutting tools
- B26B29/02—Guards or sheaths for knives
Definitions
- the invention relates to a knife with a with a hollow knife body a holding process, on the one hand backwards in its direction of retraction in the longitudinal direction of the handle body first energy storage acts and the other is formed as part of a locking device that when engaged, the knife blade in the extended working position holds and the knife blade when released under the effect of the energy store in the hollow handle body can drive in.
- the energy store consists of a cylindrical coil spring with one end on the holding process and with its other end on one Point of the inner wall of the handle body is articulated.
- the locking device is by a locking tooth on the holding extension and a correspondingly shaped recess in one designed as an inert mass, pivotable lever formed in the handle body, the under the action of a second spring when pulling out the Knife blade from the handle body into its locking tooth Return can intervene.
- a knife of the type mentioned at the outset in DE 42 00 018 C1 is also the locking spring of the locking device as an elongated Tension spring designed.
- the only parting of the locking tooth acted on, flat locking surface extends when the knife blade holder is extended and locked with its longitudinal axis essentially tangential into a circle around the center of the pivot bearing the locking device.
- the by the geometrical dimensions of this elongated soft tension spring Restoring force changes in one Series production knives practically not, from which an always reproducible responsiveness the locking device results.
- This Response threshold comes under the pulling action of the locking spring despite the tangential course described above on the flat blocking surface, which is only an unstable locking seems to allow the locking device through the conscious inclusion of the inhibiting frictional forces in the Interaction of locking device and holding extension conditions.
- the response threshold always caused purely mechanically with the consequence that the sum of all the frictional forces of the under the action blocking devices working by inertial forces, the detent springs, the bearings and their Sliding and rolling friction must be taken into account.
- the entry speed therefore depends the knife blade in the handle body not just by the size of the energy storage, here by the bias of those acting on the holding extension Coil spring but also from the friction and Inertial forces of the purely mechanical locking device in their unlocking elements.
- EPC suggested within the handle body any change its Microelectronic measuring translational and angular acceleration arrange actuatable acceleration sensor, the interposition of an electrical Transmission device when a set target value of the acceleration the locking device unlatched and the knife blade under effect of the energy store in the hollow handle body can drive in.
- the object of the invention regardless of the type of unlatching of the Knife blade, be it that this happens arbitrarily, be it that it is an inert mass or a capacitive Accelerometer operated, a knife of the type mentioned at the beginning with a protective device to create that can be activated as soon as the knife is put down.
- This task is in conjunction with the beginning solved generic term according to the invention solved by that the unlocking of the locking device one of a voltage source via a relay in connection with an electromagnet operated by a delayed release has whose circuits when handling of the knife by one then forcibly actuating switch can be interrupted and put out of hand of the knife are closed.
- the electrical actuation switch can be from one non-contact switch or from another non-mechanical switches, e.g. from an inductive or capacitive switch.
- the invention advantageously designed such that the Circuits for the relay with a delayed switch as well as for the electromagnet by the forced switch to be operated against the force of a second Energy storage can be interrupted and put out of hand of the knife under the effect of the second Energy storage are closed.
- Unlocking the locking device is advantageous from one in a recess of the holding extension engaging locking pin formed as a locking device, the release of the electromagnet from the recess is extractable. This will be electromagnetic Fast switching times achieved.
- the energy store consists of either Electromagnets or in a manner known per se one extending in the longitudinal direction of the hollow handle body cylindrical coil spring with a End at the holding extension and with its other end at the Inner wall of the handle body is attached.
- Such cylindrical coil springs are for example from known from EP 0 244 517 B1 and from DE 42 00 018 C1.
- the second energy storage that permanently Switch for the circuits of the electromagnet and the relay tries to move to its closed position also advantageously consists of a spring, the one end on an inner wall of the handle body and attacks the switch with its other end, of this spring always under tension its closed position is pressed or pulled.
- the spring can be cylindrical Coil spring exist.
- the voltage / current source is also from one battery arranged in or on the handle body or from a low-voltage cable led into the handle area formed with a voltage of 6 to 12 volts, which via a low voltage transformer with a common voltage source of 220 volts connected is.
- the latter embodiment is for stationary work, e.g. on the assembly line, useful.
- the knife 10 does not have two handle shells specified in the known Solvable by means of a screw connection are joined together. These grips form inside of the handle body 11, a cavity 12 in which a knife blade 13 with its holding extension 14 in both Directions of a double arrow 15 slidably guided is.
- This Tension spring 16 is at one end 16a an inner wall of the handle body 11 at an articulation point 17 and with its other end 16b on one Articulation point 18 attached to the holding extension 14.
- the shown unprotected working position of the knife blade 13 was made by extending the holding extension 14 in direction z by means of one on its actuating surface corrugated slide 33 reached.
- the holding extension 14 is provided with a recess 19 provided, in which in the extended Position of the knife blade 13 engages a locking pin 20.
- a spring e.g. a helical compression spring 21.
- the switch 23 under the effect of the bias of second energy store 26 (e.g. helical compression spring) pressed down in the direction of arrow 27 and thus closed.
- This causes the relay 28 to drop out NO 29 activated.
- the delayed make contact 29 closes in the direction of arrow 30 to 31 Electromagnet 32, causing the locking pin 20 suddenly is pulled out of the recess 19.
- the knife blade 13 snaps under the effect of the prestressed Spring 16 back in the protection of the handle body 11. Then accidentally after the knife 10 then gripping or groping work hand can not more of the knife blade 13 are injured.
- the installation position of the switch 23 with the button 22 is not limited to the representation in the figure. Rather, the installation position depends on the specific ergonomic requirements for the respective Knives should apply. It is also conceivable to adapt ergonomic requirements (e.g. combined Right- / left-handed knife) several buttons or switches, especially the contactless ones already mentioned above Switch to be provided on the outside of the handle body 11.
- this safety device both on knife 10 with arbitrary locking and unlocking as well as on knives with an unlocking device in the form of an inert mass or in the form of a capacitive acceleration sensor is applicable. Also with respect to the handle 22 for the switch 23 very different training and arrangement areas possible.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Knives (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Messer mit einer in einem hohlen Griffkörper geführten Messerklinge mit einem Haltefortsatz, auf den einerseits rückwärts in dessen Einfahrrichtung in Griffkörper-Längsrichtung ein erster Energiespeicher einwirkt und der andererseits als Teil einer Sperrvorrichtung ausgebildet ist, die bei Einrastung die Messerklinge in ausgefahrener Arbeitslage hält und die bei Entrastung die Messerklinge unter Wirkung des Energiespeichers in den hohlen Griffkörper einfahren läßt.The invention relates to a knife with a with a hollow knife body a holding process, on the one hand backwards in its direction of retraction in the longitudinal direction of the handle body first energy storage acts and the other is formed as part of a locking device that when engaged, the knife blade in the extended working position holds and the knife blade when released under the effect of the energy store in the hollow handle body can drive in.
Bei einem Messer dieser Art gemäß der EP 0 244 517 B1 besteht der Energiespeicher aus einer zylindrischen Schraubenfeder, die mit ihrem einen Ende am Haltefortsatz und mit ihrem anderen Ende an einer Stelle der Innenwandung des Griffkörpers angelenkt ist. Die Sperrvorrichtung wird von einem Rastzahn am Haltefortsatz und einem entsprechend geformten Rücksprung in einem als träge Masse ausgestalteten, schwenkbeweglichen Hebel im Griffkörper gebildet, der unter Wirkung einer zweiten Feder beim Herausziehen der Messerklinge aus dem Griffkörper den Rastzahn in seinen Rücksprung eingreifen läßt. Sobald die Messerklinge mitsamt dem Griffkörper eine unerwünschte, beschleunigte Bewegung durchführt und die Trägheitskräfte des einarmigen Hebels die Sperrkräfte der zweiten Feder der Sperrvorrichtung sowie die äußeren, einwirkenden Reibungskräfte übersteigen, wird dieser entrastet. Nach Entrastung fährt die Messerklinge unter Wirkung der zylindrischen Schraubenfeder in den Griffkörper ein.With a knife of this type according to the EP 0 244 517 B1 the energy store consists of a cylindrical coil spring with one end on the holding process and with its other end on one Point of the inner wall of the handle body is articulated. The locking device is by a locking tooth on the holding extension and a correspondingly shaped recess in one designed as an inert mass, pivotable lever formed in the handle body, the under the action of a second spring when pulling out the Knife blade from the handle body into its locking tooth Return can intervene. As soon as the knife blade together with the handle body an undesirable, accelerated Performs movement and the inertial forces of the one-armed lever the locking forces of the second spring Locking device and the external, acting frictional forces exceed, it will be unlocked. After Unlocking moves the knife blade under the action of the cylindrical Coil spring in the handle body.
Bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines Messers der eingangs genannten Art gemäß der DE 42 00 018 C1 ist auch die Sperrfeder der Sperrvorrichtung als langgestreckte Zugfeder ausgebildet. Die nur vom Scheitel des Rastzahnes beaufschlagte, ebene Sperrfläche erstreckt sich bei ausgefahrener, arretierter Messerklingenhalterung mit ihrer Längsachse im wesentlichen tangential zu einem Kreis um das Zentrum des Drehlagers der Sperrvorrichtung. Die durch die geometrischen Abmessungen dieser langgestreckten weichen Zugfeder bedingte Rückstellkraft ändert sich bei einem in einer Serienproduktion hergestellten Messer praktisch nicht, woraus eine stets reproduzierbare Ansprechempfindlichkeit der Sperrvorrichtung resultiert. Außerdem zeichnet sich dieses Messer durch eine für die Schneidarbeit erforderliche hinreichend hohe Ansprechschwelle aus, welche ein lästiges Zurückschnellen der Messerklingenhalterung bereits bei den mit üblicher Schneidarbeit verbundenen Verzögerungen zuverlässig verhindert. Diese Ansprechschwelle kommt unter der Zugwirkung der Sperrfeder trotz des vorbeschriebenen tangentialen Verlaufes an der ebenen Sperrfläche, die nur eine labile Arretierung der Sperrvorrichtung zu gestatten scheint, durch die bewußte Einbeziehung der hemmenden Reibkräfte im Zusammenwirken von Sperrvorrichtung und Haltefortsatz zustande. In a further embodiment of a knife of the type mentioned at the outset in DE 42 00 018 C1 is also the locking spring of the locking device as an elongated Tension spring designed. The only parting of the locking tooth acted on, flat locking surface extends when the knife blade holder is extended and locked with its longitudinal axis essentially tangential into a circle around the center of the pivot bearing the locking device. The by the geometrical dimensions of this elongated soft tension spring Restoring force changes in one Series production knives practically not, from which an always reproducible responsiveness the locking device results. Also draws this knife by one necessary for the cutting work sufficiently high response threshold, which an annoying snap back of the knife blade holder already with those associated with normal cutting work Delays reliably prevented. This Response threshold comes under the pulling action of the locking spring despite the tangential course described above on the flat blocking surface, which is only an unstable locking seems to allow the locking device through the conscious inclusion of the inhibiting frictional forces in the Interaction of locking device and holding extension conditions.
Bei diesen vorbekannten Messern wird die Ansprechschwelle stets rein mechanisch mit der Folge bewirkt, daß die Summe aller Friktionskräfte der unter der Wirkung von Massenträgheitskräften arbeitenden Sperrvorrichtungen, der Rastfedern, der Lager sowie deren Gleit- und Rollreibungen Berücksichtigung finden müssen. Im Gefahrensfall hängt somit die Einfahrgeschwindigkeit der Messerklinge in den Griffkörper nicht nur von der Größe des Energiespeichers, hier von der Vorspannung der auf den Haltefortsatz einwirkenden Schraubenfeder, sondern auch von den Reibungs- und Trägheitskräften der rein mechanisch wirkenden Sperrvorrichtung in ihrer Entriegelungselemente ab.With these known knives, the response threshold always caused purely mechanically with the consequence that the sum of all the frictional forces of the under the action blocking devices working by inertial forces, the detent springs, the bearings and their Sliding and rolling friction must be taken into account. In the event of danger, the entry speed therefore depends the knife blade in the handle body not just by the size of the energy storage, here by the bias of those acting on the holding extension Coil spring but also from the friction and Inertial forces of the purely mechanical locking device in their unlocking elements.
Um diesen Entriegelungsvorgang zu beschleunigen,
wurde nach der
zum Stand der Technik nach Artikel 54(3)EPÜ gehörenden EP-A-06 18 048
vorgeschlagen, innerhalb
des Griffkörpers einen jede Änderung seiner
Translations- und Winkelbeschleunigung messenden, mikroelektronisch
betätigbaren Beschleunigungssensor anzuordnen,
der unter Zwischenschaltung einer elektrischen
Übertragungseinrichtung bei Überschreiten eines
eingestellten Sollwertes der Beschleunigung die Sperrvorrichtung
entrastet und die Messerklinge unter Wirkung
des Energiespeichers in den hohlen Griffkörper
einfahren läßt.To speed up this unlocking process,
was after the
EP-
Sämtlichen dieser Messer ist gemeinsam, daß sie zwar im Betrieb bei Überschreiten einer bestimmten, einstellbaren Beschleunigungsgrenze zur Entrastung der Messerklinge führen und diese unter Wirkung des Energiespeichers in den hohlen Griffkörper einfahren lassen. Dabei hat sich jedoch herausgestellt, daß Messer mit durch Rückzugsfedern belasteten Messerklingen auch dann noch ein Sicherheitsrisiko darstellen, wenn ein solches Messer mit ausgefahrener Messerklinge zeitweise beiseite gelegt wird und die Arbeitshand, z.B. bei suchendem Tasten, versehentlich in die herausragende Klingenschneide hineingreift.All of these knives have in common that they in operation when a certain, adjustable acceleration limit for unlatching the Guide knife blade and this under the effect of the energy storage allow to enter the hollow handle body. It has been found, however, that knives with knife blades loaded by retraction springs then pose a security risk if a such a knife with the knife blade extended at times is put aside and the working hand, e.g. at seeker Buttons, accidentally in the outstanding Blade edge reaches into it.
Hiervon ausgehend, liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, unabhängig von der Art der Entrastung der Messerklinge, sei es, daß diese willkürlich geschieht, sei es, daß sie sich einer trägen Masse oder eines kapazitiven Beschleunigungssensors bedient, ein Messer der eingangs genannten Gattung mit einer Schutzvorrichtung zu schaffen, die aktivierbar ist, sobald das Messer aus der Hand gelegt wird.Proceeding from this, the object of the invention regardless of the type of unlatching of the Knife blade, be it that this happens arbitrarily, be it that it is an inert mass or a capacitive Accelerometer operated, a knife of the type mentioned at the beginning with a protective device to create that can be activated as soon as the knife is put down.
Diese Aufgabe wird in Verbindung mit dem eingangs genannten Gattungsbegriff erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Entrastung der Sperrvorrichtung einen von einer Spannungsquelle über ein Relais in Verbindung mit einem abfallverzögerten Schließer zu betätigenden Elektromagneten aufweist, deren Stromkreise bei der Handhabung des Messers durch einen dann zwangsweise zu betätigenden Schalter unterbrechbar und bei einem Ausder-Hand-Legen des Messers geschlossen sind.This task is in conjunction with the beginning solved generic term according to the invention solved by that the unlocking of the locking device one of a voltage source via a relay in connection with an electromagnet operated by a delayed release has whose circuits when handling of the knife by one then forcibly actuating switch can be interrupted and put out of hand of the knife are closed.
Damit wird sichergestellt, daß die Entrastung der Messerklinge am Haltefortsatz innerhalb einer vorbestimmbaren, eingestellten Zeit nach einem Aus-der-Hand-Legen des Messers erfolgt, die beispielsweise von Null über eine Sekunde bis etwa zu einer Minute reichen kann. This ensures that the unlatching of the Knife blade on the holding extension within a predeterminable, set time after a one-handed laying of the knife is done, for example, from zero range from a second to about a minute can.
Nach dem Einzug der Messerklinge sind somit Verletzungen einer nach dem Messer tastenden Arbeitshand ausgeschlossen. Dabei spielt es keine Rolle, ob die Entrastung der Messerklinge während des Arbeitsvorganges infolge einer unerwünscht hohen, beschleunigten Bewegung überhaupt nicht oder jedoch unter der Wirkung einer trägen Masse oder eines kapazitiven Beschleunigungssensors erfolgt.After the knife blade has been retracted, there are injuries a working hand groping for the knife locked out. It does not matter whether the Unlatching the knife blade during the work process due to an undesirably high, accelerated movement not at all or under the effect an inertial mass or a capacitive acceleration sensor he follows.
Der elektrische Betätigungsschalter kann von einem berührungslosen Schalter bzw. von einem anderen nichtmechanischen Schalter, z.B. von einem induktiven oder kapazitiven Schalter, gebildet sein.The electrical actuation switch can be from one non-contact switch or from another non-mechanical switches, e.g. from an inductive or capacitive switch.
Bei Verwendung eines mechanischen Schalters ist die Erfindung vorteilhaft derart ausgestaltet, daß die Stromkreise für das Relais mit abfallverzögertem Schalter sowie für den Elektromagneten durch den zwangsweise zu betätigenden Schalter entgegen der Kraft eines zweiten Energiespeichers unterbrechbar und bei einem Ausder-Hand-Legen des Messers unter Wirkung des zweiten Energiespeichers geschlossen sind.When using a mechanical switch the invention advantageously designed such that the Circuits for the relay with a delayed switch as well as for the electromagnet by the forced switch to be operated against the force of a second Energy storage can be interrupted and put out of hand of the knife under the effect of the second Energy storage are closed.
Die Entrastung der Sperrvorrichtung wird vorteilhaft von einem in einer Ausnehmung des Haltefortsatzes eingreifenden Sperrstift als Sperrvorrichtung gebildet, der bei Entrastung von dem Elektromagneten aus der Ausnehmung herausziehbar ist. Dadurch werden auf elektromagnetische Weise rasche Schaltzeiten erzielt. Unlocking the locking device is advantageous from one in a recess of the holding extension engaging locking pin formed as a locking device, the release of the electromagnet from the recess is extractable. This will be electromagnetic Fast switching times achieved.
Der Energiespeicher besteht entweder aus einem Elektromagneten oder in an sich bekannter Weise aus einer sich in Längsrichtung des hohlen Griffkörpers erstreckenden zylindrischen Schraubenfeder, die mit einem Ende am Haltefortsatz und mit ihrem anderen Ende an der Innenwandung des Griffkörpers befestigt ist. Derartige zylindrische Schraubenfedern sind beispielsweise von der EP 0 244 517 B1 und von der DE 42 00 018 C1 bekannt.The energy store consists of either Electromagnets or in a manner known per se one extending in the longitudinal direction of the hollow handle body cylindrical coil spring with a End at the holding extension and with its other end at the Inner wall of the handle body is attached. Such cylindrical coil springs are for example from known from EP 0 244 517 B1 and from DE 42 00 018 C1.
Der zweite Energiespeicher, der permanent den Schalter für die Stromkreise des Elektromagneten und des Relais in seine Schließstellung zu bewegen versucht, besteht vorteilhaft gleichfalls aus einer Feder, die mit einem Ende an einer Innenwandung des Griffkörpers und mit ihrem anderen Ende am Schalter angreift, der von dieser Feder unter einer Vorspannung stets in seine Schließlage gedrückt oder gezogen wird. Auch in diesem Fall kann die Feder aus einer zylindrischen Schraubenfeder bestehen.The second energy storage that permanently Switch for the circuits of the electromagnet and the relay tries to move to its closed position also advantageously consists of a spring, the one end on an inner wall of the handle body and attacks the switch with its other end, of this spring always under tension its closed position is pressed or pulled. Also in In this case, the spring can be cylindrical Coil spring exist.
Die Spannungs/Stromquelle wird von einer gleichfalls im oder am Griffkörper angeordneten Batterie oder aus einem in den Griffbereich hineingeführten Niederspannungskabel mit einer Spannung von 6 bis 12 Volt gebildet, welches über einen Niederspannungs-Transformator mit einer üblichen Spannungsquelle von 220 Volt verbunden ist. Letztgenannte Ausführungsform ist für stationäre Arbeiten, z.B. am Fließband, zweckmäßig.The voltage / current source is also from one battery arranged in or on the handle body or from a low-voltage cable led into the handle area formed with a voltage of 6 to 12 volts, which via a low voltage transformer with a common voltage source of 220 volts connected is. The latter embodiment is for stationary work, e.g. on the assembly line, useful.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel ist in einer Figur dargestellt. An embodiment is shown in a figure.
Gemäß dieser Figur weist das Messer 10 zwei nicht
näher bezeichnete Griffschalen auf, die in bekannter
Weise mittels einer Schraubverbindung lösbar
aneinandergefügt sind. Diese Griffschalen bilden innerhalb
des Griffkörpers 11 einen Hohlraum 12, in welchem
eine Messerklinge 13 mit ihrem Haltefortsatz 14 in beiden
Richtungen eines Doppelpfeiles 15 verschieblich geführt
ist.According to this figure, the
Auf das freie Ende des Haltefortsatzes 14 wirkt
ein Energiespeicher, der im dargestellten Fall aus
einer zylindrischen Schraubenzugfeder 16 besteht. Diese
Schraubenzugfeder 16 ist mit ihrem einen Ende 16a an
einer Innenwandung des Griffkörpers 11 an einer Anlenkungsstelle
17 und mit ihrem anderen Ende 16b an einer
Anlenkungsstelle 18 am Haltefortsatz 14 befestigt. Die
dargestellte ungeschützte Arbeitsstellung der Messerklinge
13 wurde durch Ausfahren des Haltefortsatzes 14
in Richtung z mittels eines an seiner Betätigungsfläche
geriffelten Schiebers 33 erreicht.On the free end of the
Der Haltefortsatz 14 ist mit einer Ausnehmung 19
versehen, in welche in der dargestellten ausgefahrenen
Stellung der Messerklinge 13 ein Sperrstift 20 eingreift.
Somit bildet der Sperrstift 20 gemeinsam mit
der Ausnehmung 19 die Sperrvorrichtung 19, 20. Die Einrastung
des Sperrstiftes 20 in die Ausnehmung 19 erfolgt
unter Wirkung einer Feder, z.B. einer Schraubendruckfeder
21. The
Bei Einrastung des Sperrstiftes 20 in die Ausnehmung
19 wird die Messerklinge 13 in der dargestellten
ausgefahrenen Arbeitslage gehalten, wohingegen bei
Entrastung des Sperrstiftes 20 aus der Ausnehmung 19
die Messerklinge 13 unter Wirkung der Feder 16 in den
hohlen Griffkörper 11 einfährt.When the
Außerdem wird bei der Handhabung des Messers 10
über den dann zwangsweise zu betätigenden Taster 22
der Schalter 23 eines mit einer Spannungsquelle 24 verbundenen
Stromkreises 25 geöffnet und damit unterbrochen.
Bei geöffnetem Schalter 23 kann somit der Raststift
20 nicht von einem in den Stromkreisen 25, 31 angeordneten
Elektromagneten 32 aus der Ausnehmung 19
herausgehoben werden.In addition, when handling the
Wird nunmehr das Messer 10 aus der Hand gelegt,
wird der Schalter 23 unter Wirkung der Vorspannung des
zweiten Energiespeichers 26 (z.B. Schraubendruckfeder)
in Richtung des Pfeiles 27 hinuntergedrückt und damit
geschlossen. Dadurch wird das Relais 28 mit einem abfallverzögerten
Schließer 29 aktiviert. Je nach der
eingestellten Ansprechzeit von beispielsweise Null bis
eine Minute, schließt der abfallverzögerte Schließer 29
in Richtung des Pfeiles 30 den Stromkreis 31 zu dem
Elektromagneten 32, wodurch der Raststift 20 schlagartig
aus der Ausnehmung 19 gezogen wird. Dadurch
schnellt die Messerklinge 13 unter Wirkung der vorgespannten
Feder 16 in den Schutz des Griffkörpers 11 zurück.
Eine sodann versehentlich nach dem Messer 10
greifende oder tastende Arbeitshand kann dann nicht
mehr von der Messerklinge 13 verletzt werden. If
Die Einbauposition des Schalters 23 mit Taster 22
ist nicht auf die Darstellung in der Figur beschränkt.
Vielmehr hängt die Einbauposition von den spezifischen
ergonomischen Voraussetzungen ab, die für das jeweilige
Messer gelten sollen. Es ist auch denkbar, in Anpassung
an ergonomische Voraussetzungen (z.B. kombiniertes
Rechts-/Linkshänder-Messer) mehrere Taster bzw. Schalter,
insbesondere die weiter oben bereits erwähnten berührungslosen
Schalter, außen am Griffkörper 11 vorzusehen.The installation position of the
Es versteht sich, daß diese Sicherheitsvorrichtung
sowohl auf Messer 10 mit willkürlicher Ein- und Entrastung
als auch auf Messer mit einer Entsperrungsvorrichtung
in Form einer trägen Masse oder in Form eines
kapazitiven Beschleunigungssensors anwendbar ist. Auch
bezüglich des Griffes 22 für den Schalter 23 sind
höchst unterschiedliche Ausbildungen sowie Anordnungsflächen
möglich.It is understood that this safety device
both on
Claims (10)
- Knife (10) having a knife blade (13) which is guided in a hollow handle body (11) and has a holding extension (14) which, on the one hand, is acted upon rearwards in its direction of retraction in the longitudinal direction of the handle body by a first energy store (16) and, on the other hand, is constructed as part of a locking device (19, 20) which, when engaged, holds the knife blade (13) in the extended working position and, when disengaged, causes the said knife blade (13) to retract into the hollow handle body (11) under the influence of the energy store (16), characterised in that the disengagement system of the locking device (19, 20) has an electromagnet (32) which is to be actuated by a voltage source (24) via a relay (28) in conjunction with a delayed-release contact (29), and the current circuits (25, 31) of which can be interrupted, during handling of the knife (10), by a switch (22, 23) which must compulsorily be actuated, and are closed when the knife (10) is put down.
- Knife according to claim 1, characterised in that the current circuits (25, 31) for the relay (28) with the delayed-release contact, and also for the electromagnet (32), can be interrupted, against the force of a second energy store (26), by the switch (22, 23) which must compulsorily be actuated, and are closed, under the influence of the second energy store (26), when the knife (10) is put down.
- Knife according to claim 1 or according to claim 2, characterised in that the response time of the delayed-release contact (29) can be set from zero to approximately one minute.
- Knife according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the disengagement system for the locking device (19, 20) is formed by a locking pin (20), as the locking device (19, 20), which catches in a recess (19) in the holding extension (14) and can be drawn out of the said recess (19) by the electromagnet (32) in the course of disengagement.
- Knife according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the first energy store consists either of an electromagnet or, in a manner known per se, of a cylindrical helical spring (16) which extends in the longitudinal direction of the hollow handle body (11) and is fastened, by one end (16b), to the holding extension (14) and, by its other end (16a), to the inner wall (17) of the handle body (11).
- Knife according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterised in that the second energy store (26) likewise consists of a spring, such as a helical compression spring (26), which acts, with one end, upon an inner wall of the handle body (11) and, with its other end, on the switch (23) which can always be pressed or drawn into its closing position (arrow 27) by the spring (26) under a preliminary tension.
- Knife according to claim 6, characterised in that the first energy store consists of a helical spring (16) which is cylindrical and also loaded either in compression or in tension and which is also subject to a preliminary tension.
- Knife according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the voltage/current source (24) consists either of a battery which is likewise disposed in or on the handle body (11), or of a low-voltage cable with a voltage of 6 to 12 volts, which cable is routed into the said handle body (11) and is connected, via a low-voltage transformer, to an ordinary, 220-volt voltage source.
- Knife according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the relay (28) and the delayed-release contact (29) are connected to the voltage/current source (24) in parallel with the electromagnet (32).
- Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the relay (28) and the delayed-release contact (29) are accommodated in the handle body (11).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4341360A DE4341360C1 (en) | 1993-12-04 | 1993-12-04 | Knife with an automatically acting retraction device for the knife blade outside its handle position |
DE4341360 | 1993-12-04 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0656247A1 EP0656247A1 (en) | 1995-06-07 |
EP0656247B1 true EP0656247B1 (en) | 1998-01-28 |
Family
ID=6504178
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94117646A Expired - Lifetime EP0656247B1 (en) | 1993-12-04 | 1994-11-09 | Knife with automatic retraction device for the knife blade when it is no longer in its operating position |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0656247B1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE4341360C1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7316070B2 (en) | 2005-11-15 | 2008-01-08 | Irwin Industrial Tool Company | Self-retracting utility knife |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3641667A (en) * | 1970-01-29 | 1972-02-15 | Norbert Leopoldi | Carton cutter or the like |
US3672051A (en) * | 1970-05-21 | 1972-06-27 | Gerald S Ramiccio | Air-operated cutting device |
US3906627A (en) * | 1974-10-03 | 1975-09-23 | Brunswick Corp | Spinners knife |
FR2552008B1 (en) * | 1983-09-16 | 1987-09-11 | Preposreve Sarl | IMPROVEMENTS ON AUTOMATICALLY RETRACTABLE BLADE KNIVES |
GB8432145D0 (en) * | 1984-12-20 | 1985-01-30 | Shirley Inst | Knife |
GB2199962A (en) * | 1987-01-13 | 1988-07-20 | Morphy Ltd Richards | Electric iron |
NL8901907A (en) * | 1989-07-24 | 1991-02-18 | Apex Rb Design | Safety hobby knife - has spring-loaded lever extending blade from handle after releasing safety catch |
DE9109574U1 (en) * | 1991-08-04 | 1991-12-12 | Hessabi, Iradj, Dipl.-Ing., 4811 Oerlinghausen | Cutting tools |
DE4200018C1 (en) * | 1992-01-02 | 1992-11-05 | Martor-Argentax E. H. Beermann Kg, 5650 Solingen, De | |
DE4310037C1 (en) * | 1993-03-27 | 1993-12-09 | Beermann Kg Martor Argentax | Knife with automatically retractable blade - has capacitive acceleration sensor in hollow handle coupled to electromagnetic lock for unlatching spring returned blade when translatory or angular acceleration exceeds threshold. |
-
1993
- 1993-12-04 DE DE4341360A patent/DE4341360C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-11-09 DE DE59405171T patent/DE59405171D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-11-09 EP EP94117646A patent/EP0656247B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7316070B2 (en) | 2005-11-15 | 2008-01-08 | Irwin Industrial Tool Company | Self-retracting utility knife |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0656247A1 (en) | 1995-06-07 |
DE59405171D1 (en) | 1998-03-05 |
DE4341360C1 (en) | 1994-08-18 |
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