EP0645501B1 - Method for the production of prefabricated moduls for the construction of buildings and prefabricated modul - Google Patents

Method for the production of prefabricated moduls for the construction of buildings and prefabricated modul Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0645501B1
EP0645501B1 EP94114841A EP94114841A EP0645501B1 EP 0645501 B1 EP0645501 B1 EP 0645501B1 EP 94114841 A EP94114841 A EP 94114841A EP 94114841 A EP94114841 A EP 94114841A EP 0645501 B1 EP0645501 B1 EP 0645501B1
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Prior art keywords
concrete
reinforcement
head
module
modules
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0645501A1 (en
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Eberhard Schrade
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/16Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material
    • E04B1/164Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material with vertical and horizontal slabs, only the horizontal slabs being partially cast in situ
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/34823Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of concrete

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a method for producing prefabricated floor-free modules, which are used for the construction of buildings, according to the preamble of claim 1 and a prefabricated module according to the preamble of claim 8.
  • a method using prefabricated modules for the production of structures can be carried out in such a way that the individual modules are placed side by side and one above the other and connected to one another, it having proven to be particularly advantageous for horizontal and vertical bracing of a building consisting of such modules to be continuous Applying in-situ concrete layers to the concrete ceilings of modules arranged next to each other for one floor, resulting in a very dimensionally accurate, solidified structure of the building.
  • This additional in-situ concrete layer which is applied to the prefabricated ceilings of the modules or to intermediate spaces bridging intermediate modules, which are referred to below as so-called filigree slabs, makes an additional separate floor of each module unnecessary, since the prefabricated concrete ceiling and the existing floor slab of the in-situ concrete is a double layer anyway.
  • floor-free modules DE-A-41 21 253
  • stiffening or stabilizing agents for the support feet for a sufficiently rigid, in particular transportable structure of each module, which assumes a stool-like shape with ground clearance. similar to one all-round frame on a table, so as to compensate and absorb moments that act laterally on the feet and can act in addition to horizontal forces.
  • modules with a good stool-like design i.e. at least one concrete ceiling and usually four supporting feet, are suitable, the concrete ceiling of which is thinner in the middle than a circumferential edge, so that the module ceilings, seen from above, have a trough-like, fluted shape.
  • Such a basic form can, however, turn out to be disruptive in certain construction projects because the application of a continuous in-situ concrete ceiling, i.e. it extends across all modules, also makes it necessary to stabilize it with continuous reinforcement bars or bars or the laying on of mats, which can also be done in each case adjacent modules must extend so that the in-situ concrete structure is solidified and stabilized throughout.
  • the present invention has for its object to solve the problem that arises here, which on the one hand requires a reinforced edge for the stabilization of the support feet of the modules before final assembly and which on the other hand allows reinforcing or reinforcing iron or materials without greater effort can be laid across all adjacent modules in order to then apply the desired stabilizing in-situ concrete layer to the entire resulting surface.
  • the invention solves this problem with the features of claim 1 and claim 8 and has the decisive advantage that the stiffening of the feet of the individual modules after their manufacture is exemplary, possibly even more satisfactory than with a circumferential concrete edge of each module, since one Metallic stiffening frame can react flexibly to moments acting on the feet, but on the other hand the frame, which is open at the side in many places, enables the easy insertion or pushing of reinforcing bars, so that both the reinforcement and Reinforcing irons and their connection with each other as well as through the in-situ concrete ceiling that is then applied over the entire available area next to modules placed in place, results in a highly stable, intimate fusion of the individual modules to form a monolithic compact structure, so that it is possible despite reduced use of material (elimination of the module floors, elimination) a circumferential edge and the like) buildings extending over many floors in height can be created in such a proven module technology.
  • the at least partially circumferential reinforcement frame includes the head regions of the support feet extending over the prefabricated concrete ceiling of the module and their inner reinforcement and is concreted into the head regions, with the further advantageous embodiment that the reinforcement frame then runs along the outer edge edges from basically any reinforcement systems and arrangements has an additional connection with the reinforcement or reinforcement of the prefabricated concrete ceiling itself, either because it is part of the reinforcement mats or rods and iron of the prefabricated concrete ceiling in the original construction or in any case with lower sections of the frame in the concrete ceiling is concreted.
  • the reinforcement frame preferably consists of iron bars and these reinforcement connecting them, which can extend in zigzags to below the concrete ceiling, there are a large number of sufficiently large lateral openings, because in practical construction such a circumferential reinforcement frame consists only of a large number of longitudinal, transverse - And zigzagging, interconnected, also welded iron bars, which act like a lattice frame and practically allow you to push through other reinforcing and reinforcing bars at any point.
  • the preferred final shape or structure of the reinforcement frame or the surrounding reinforcement, including the head parts of the support feet, is in principle arbitrary; In addition to or instead of rods, pipes, profile pieces made of metal, iron or steel, you can also use prefabricated, steel-reinforced concrete pieces yourself, all of these different reinforcement shapes or structures in the form of the surrounding reinforcement frame in any case with the usual ones in order to connect the size of the in-situ concrete to be applied over the height of the prefabricated concrete ceiling head parts of the support feet, usually welded to their reinforcements and reinforcements and cast in concrete.
  • the support feet themselves also contain appropriate reinforcement baskets, which are useful because the head parts of the support feet, which continue upwards, each end in a head plate, which, with the centering opening or corresponding centering pin, allows the next level to be fitted precisely from itself upwards subsequent modules is used, in which case a lower footplate of each support foot has a corresponding centering opening or a centering pin.
  • These head plates and, as is understood, also the foot plates are connected to the reinforcement cages within the support feet and their head parts, usually welded, and in the same way the circumferential reinforcement frame is connected to the head part reinforcing bars, usually welded.
  • the design of the respective prefabricated concrete slab of a particular module is particularly advantageous in such a way that reinforcing bars protrude from the top, which are still connected to the transversely inserted reinforcing or reinforcing bars of adjacent modules before application of the in-situ concrete, so that the in-situ concrete and the in-situ concrete provides secure anchoring and a uniform monolithic structure of the whole.
  • the present invention provides for the head parts which are pulled out upwards over the prefabricated concrete ceiling of the module by means of a peripheral, laterally to support and stabilize open reinforcement frames.
  • FIG. 1 shows the simplest basic form of a module 10, consisting only of a concrete ceiling 12 and four corner supports or support feet 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, a side wall 13 can additionally be provided if this is an external module or a wall is provided at this point in the building.
  • the modules 10 generally have no bottom and therefore correspond in their shape to a box which is open at the bottom and in which more and more side parts can be omitted until finally, for example in the case of a central module, there are no longer any side parts and the module has this stool-like shape.
  • the four support feet 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d determine the storey height by their height, ie more precisely by the distance of their respective head plate 15 of each support foot from the corresponding lower foot plate 16, the concrete ceiling 12 of each individual module 10 having a predetermined distance upwards between the support feet is set so that each support foot comprises a corner support main part 17 reaching from the bottom to the concrete ceiling 12 and an upper head part 18, which projects beyond the concrete ceiling 12 by a certain distance which can be predetermined as desired, thereby also determining the thickness H1 of the in-situ concrete ceiling that can be applied.
  • the concrete ceiling 12 of each individual module 10 can have a recess or fold 21 which is arranged in the peripheral edge of the concrete ceiling 12.
  • This recess serves for the problem-free approach of filigree plates 20 which engage with hook-like projections 23 of their reinforcing bars in the recess 21, so that there is a secure anchoring of the filigree plate 20, which is preferably attached to the module with the same module width.
  • the filigree panel then strikes the continuous column areas.
  • modules form outer wall modules, it is understood that formwork is attached so that the grouting concrete layer does not flow off.
  • each support leg is connected to one another by at least partially encircling reinforcement or reinforcing bars or elements or structures, so that in this way, roughly according to the basic physical principle a table frame for which the support feet have a decisive stabilizing effect, particularly against moments acting from the side, since the intimate anchoring through the common concrete ceiling means that the support feet are secured against horizontal forces, while through the fixed connection and thereby secured distance maintenance by means of a reinforcement frame 24, hereinafter referred to as " Frame belt ", the head parts protruding beyond the precast concrete ceiling of the module are firmly and rigidly connected to one another, so that the lower main support parts 17 of the support feet 14a, 14b ... can also withstand moments.
  • the reinforcement frame 24 consists of longitudinal bars 25, which can be circumferential or which each extend from the head part 18 to the head part 18, where they are welded or otherwise connected to the reinforcement bars or reinforcement cages of the head parts and from the concrete of the head part are secured, or it is also possible to actually form the longitudinal bars of basically any shape and design as a closed frame and to bend them in the head part area and to connect them with the corresponding reinforcement cages and reinforcing bars present there and to pour them into the concrete of the head parts.
  • FIG. 2 shows a middle cross-section, for example along the line II-II of FIG. 1 in a side view, of the concrete ceiling 12 with its own reinforcements 19 and an adjacent filigree plate 20, supplemented by the surrounding reinforcement frame 24, consisting of any one Number of longitudinal reinforcement elements 25, which in turn are supplemented, reinforced and connected to one another by intermediate elements 26, connections in particular also being possible with the reinforcement parts 19 protruding from the concrete ceiling. It is then easily possible to push transverse reinforcing bars 26 through remaining open positions in the reinforcement frame 24, which are then connected to the reinforcements 22 of the filigree slab or an adjacent module and to the reinforcements 19 of the module, with the entire surface then being dashed indicated height 27 the in-situ concrete layer is filled.
  • the dashed head plate 15 is also indicated by a dashed line
  • the head part 18 of each support leg remains free, so that at this point the foot plate of the module which adjoins the top can be placed on top and, if desired, also connected to the head plate by welding all the way round.
  • reinforcement baskets or reinforcement baskets are also provided in the solid concrete support feet in the exemplary embodiments discussed here, the irons of which are firmly connected, for example welded, to the respective head or foot plate, so that this results in precise height distances allow the individual modules to be specified, but also the head and foot plates are, so to speak, one-piece components of the respective floor, so that the floors and floors also form a monolithic basic structure by welding the respective head and foot plates.
  • Fig. 3 shows the measures described in the area of a footrest head part 18 with indicated at 17 'corner support main part of the following module with head plate 16 and centering pin 16', which is received by the centering opening 15 'of the head plate 15 in the head part 18 of the lower module.
  • Another preferred embodiment of the following invention is that, while maintaining the basic structures explained above, the head and foot plate areas experience a change, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 in detail.
  • the head plate area can also be designed such that only a threaded guide bush 30 is used in the prefabricated concrete in the head plate area, which is open at the top with its thread and into which a head plate 32 carried by a threaded foot 31, which is shown in FIG. 4 without a centering opening is used. Since the head plate foot 31 also has a corresponding (heavy) external thread, it is possible to specify the height of the head plate precisely by further screwing in or out in the thread area, so that it is also ensured that the following modules are highly accurate in the vertical direction can be positioned.
  • centering structures in the head plate / footrest part which are then expediently arranged off-center, for example as a concentric ring recess in the head plate, which appears upwards as a groove, into which then from the footplate of the the corresponding module, which is arranged at the same concentric spacing and possibly interrupted ring projections, engage.
  • head and foot plates evenly, as a result of which a highly precise adjustment can also be achieved by lateral displacement.
  • the height-adjustable plate forming the head plate is expediently adjusted in height before the in-situ concrete is applied, so that the in-situ concrete then surrounds the head plate flush with the upper surface and is thus also fixed, and the adjustable head plate area is insured against any kind of stress , in particular the pressure of subsequent modules from the threaded area of the guide bush and the threaded base.
  • the height-adjustable head plate appears as an integrated, one-piece part of the ceiling of the respective lower module, with a multitude of structural advantages being achieved by this height adjustment.
  • the footrest of an adjoining module is designated 17 '' - the footplate 34 seated on the plate of the head plate 32 can be secured by means of a bracket 35 in the prefabricated concrete of the footrest - the bracket 35 in turn part of the inner reinforcement cage.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • General Factory Administration (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)

Abstract

Modules clear of the ground each have four support feet (17) and a flat concrete roof, and are mounted alongside and one above the other. Adjacent roofs are joined by filigree plates, over which concrete is poured on site. On the modules roof is a reinforced frame (24) open at the sides and extending at least part of the way round the periphery. This is secured at heads (18) on the feet and which protrude above the roof. The frame components can be welded to the reinforcing cages in the heads, or embedded in the concrete of the latter, and also secured to the roof. In addition to the lengthwise frame bars (25) absorbing compression and tension loads, there can be transverse reinforcing members (26) secured to the reinforcing components in the roof.

Description

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Verfahren zur Herstellung von vorgefertigten bodenfreien Modulen, die der Erstellung von Bauwerken dienen, nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie von einem vorgefertigten Modul nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 8.The invention is based on a method for producing prefabricated floor-free modules, which are used for the construction of buildings, according to the preamble of claim 1 and a prefabricated module according to the preamble of claim 8.

Die Herstellung von Gebäuden und Bauwerken beliebiger Art mit Hilfe von vorgefertigten Einzelmodulen, die jeweils mindestens über eine Betondecke und üblicherweise vier von der Betondecke nach unten weisende Stützfüße verfügen, ist in vielfältiger Form bekannt, wobei insbesondere auf die in Form von Offenlegungsschriften vorveröffentlichten Druckschriften DE-A-41 15 643, DE-A-41 21 253, DE-A-41 31 125 sowie das Gebrauchsmuster DE-U-92 15 776.9 des gleichen Anmelders auch dieser Erfindung verwiesen werden kann.The manufacture of buildings and structures of any type with the aid of prefabricated individual modules, each of which has at least one concrete ceiling and usually four support feet pointing downwards from the concrete ceiling, is known in many different forms, in particular the publications previously published in the form of published documents DE-A-41 15 643, DE-A-41 21 253, DE-A-41 31 125 and the utility model DE-U-92 15 776.9 of the same applicant can also be referred to this invention.

Demnach kann ein vorgefertigte Module zur Herstellung von Bauwerken benutzendes Verfahren so durchgeführt werden, daß die einzelnen Module neben- und übereinandergestellt und miteinander verbunden werden, wobei es sich als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen hat, zur horizontalen und vertikalen Aussteifung eines aus solchen Modulen bestehenden Gebäudes jeweils durchlaufende Ortbetonschichten auf die Betondecken von jeweils für ein Stockwerk nebeneinander angeordneten Modulen aufzubringen, wodurch sich eine sehr maßgenaue monolithisch verfestigte Struktur des Gebäudes ergibt.Accordingly, a method using prefabricated modules for the production of structures can be carried out in such a way that the individual modules are placed side by side and one above the other and connected to one another, it having proven to be particularly advantageous for horizontal and vertical bracing of a building consisting of such modules to be continuous Applying in-situ concrete layers to the concrete ceilings of modules arranged next to each other for one floor, resulting in a very dimensionally accurate, solidified structure of the building.

Diese zusätzliche Ortbetonschicht, die auf die vorgefertigten Decken der Module bzw. auf Zwischenräume zwischen aufeinandergestellten Modulen überbrückende Zwischendecken, die im folgenden als sogenannte Filigranplatten bezeichnet werden, aufgebracht wird, macht ersichtlich einen insofern dann zusätzlichen eigenen Boden jedes Moduls entbehrlich, da die aus vorgefertigter Betondecke und dem Ortbeton bestehende jeweilige Geschoßdecke ohnehin eine Doppelschicht ist. Man gelangt auf diese Weise zu bodenfreien Modulen (DE-A-41 21 253), benötigt dann aber für einen hinreichend steifen, insbesondere transportfähigen Aufbau jedes Moduls, der bei Bodenfreiheit in etwa eine schemelartige Form annimmt, Versteifungs- oder Stabilisierungsmittel für die Stützfüße, ähnlich einer umlaufenden Zarge bei einem Tisch, um so seitlich auf die Füße einwirkende Momente, die zusätzlich zu Horizontalkräften angreifen können, auszugleichen und aufzufangen.This additional in-situ concrete layer, which is applied to the prefabricated ceilings of the modules or to intermediate spaces bridging intermediate modules, which are referred to below as so-called filigree slabs, makes an additional separate floor of each module unnecessary, since the prefabricated concrete ceiling and the existing floor slab of the in-situ concrete is a double layer anyway. In this way you get to floor-free modules (DE-A-41 21 253), but then you need stiffening or stabilizing agents for the support feet for a sufficiently rigid, in particular transportable structure of each module, which assumes a stool-like shape with ground clearance. similar to one all-round frame on a table, so as to compensate and absorb moments that act laterally on the feet and can act in addition to horizontal forces.

Hierzu eignen sich gut schemelartig ausgebildete, also mindestens eine Betondecke und üblicherweise vier Stützfüße aufweisende Module, deren Betondecke in der Mitte in der Höhe dünner ist als eine umlaufende Randkante, so daß die Moduldecken, von oben gesehen eine wannenartige, ausgekehlte Muldenform aufweisen.For this purpose, modules with a good stool-like design, i.e. at least one concrete ceiling and usually four supporting feet, are suitable, the concrete ceiling of which is thinner in the middle than a circumferential edge, so that the module ceilings, seen from above, have a trough-like, fluted shape.

Eine solche Grundform kann sich jedoch bei bestimmten Bauvorhaben als deshalb störend erweisen, weil das Aufbringen einer durchlaufenden, also sich über sämtliche Module erstreckenden Ortbetondecke sinnvollerweise auch deren Stabilisierung mit durchgehenden Bewehrungseisen oder -stäben oder das Auflegen von Matten erforderlich macht, die sich auch jeweils über angrenzende Module erstrecken müssen, damit die Ortbetonstruktur monolithisch durchgehend verfestigt und stabilisiert ist. Bei aneinander grenzenden Randkanten der Betondecken der einzelnen Module lassen sich, weil die zur Verfügung stehende Höhe für den Ortbeton durch die Randkante praktisch verbraucht ist, aber keine zusätzlichen, auf angrenzende Module hinüberreichende Bewehrungseisen oder -stäbe auflegen, so daß dort, wo solche Armierungseinlagen gewünscht sind, noch vor dem Betonieren der Ortbetondecke Randkantenbereiche unter Umständen wieder weggebrochen oder durchgebohrt werden müssen - die stabilisierende Aufgabe der Randkante für den Transport ist zu diesem Zeitpunkt ohnehin abgeschlossen -, so daß dann durch solche aufgebrochenen Zwischenräume die Armierungseisen angrenzender Module verlegt werden können.Such a basic form can, however, turn out to be disruptive in certain construction projects because the application of a continuous in-situ concrete ceiling, i.e. it extends across all modules, also makes it necessary to stabilize it with continuous reinforcement bars or bars or the laying on of mats, which can also be done in each case adjacent modules must extend so that the in-situ concrete structure is solidified and stabilized throughout. With adjacent edge edges of the concrete ceilings of the individual modules, because the available height for the in-situ concrete is practically used up by the edge, no additional reinforcing bars or bars can be placed on adjacent modules, so that where such reinforcement inserts are desired the edge areas must be broken or drilled out before the in-situ concrete ceiling is concreted - the stabilizing one The task of the edge for the transport is completed at this point anyway - so that the reinforcing bars of adjacent modules can then be laid through such open spaces.

Demnach liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, das sich hier ergebende Problem zu lösen, welches einerseits eine verstärkte Randkante für die Stabilisierung der Stützfüße der Module vor der endgültigen Montage erforderlich macht und die es andererseits erlaubt, daß Bewehrungs- oder Armierungseisen oder -materialien ohne größeren Aufwand quer über sämtliche angrenzenden Module verlegt werden können, um dann auf die gesamte sich ergebende Fläche die gewünschte stabilisierende Ortbetonschicht aufzubringen.Accordingly, the present invention has for its object to solve the problem that arises here, which on the one hand requires a reinforced edge for the stabilization of the support feet of the modules before final assembly and which on the other hand allows reinforcing or reinforcing iron or materials without greater effort can be laid across all adjacent modules in order to then apply the desired stabilizing in-situ concrete layer to the entire resulting surface.

Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 bzw. des Anspruchs 8 und hat den entscheidenden Vorteil, daß die Versteifung der Füße der einzelnen Module nach deren Herstellung beispielhaft, gegebenenfalls sogar zufriedenstellender als bei einer umlaufenden betonierten Randkante jedes Moduls ist, da ein metallischer Versteifungsrahmen bei auf die Füße einwirkende Momente elastisch nachgiebig reagieren kann, andererseits aber der seitlich an vielen Stellen offene Rahmen das problemlose Durchstecken oder Durchschieben von Armierungsstäben ermöglicht, so daß sich sowohl durch die Bewehrungs- und Armierungseisen und deren Verbindung miteinander als auch durch die dann über die gesamte sich bietende Fläche neben einandergestellter Module aufgebrachte Ortbetondecke eine hochstabile innige Verschmelzung der einzelnen Module zu einem monolithischen Kompaktaufbau ergibt, so daß es möglich ist, trotz gegebenenfalls reduziertem Materialeinsatz (Wegfall der Modulböden, Wegfall einer umlaufenden Randkante u. dgl.) sich über viele Stockwerke in der Höhe erstreckende Gebäude in einer solchen bewährten Modultechnik erstellt werden können.The invention solves this problem with the features of claim 1 and claim 8 and has the decisive advantage that the stiffening of the feet of the individual modules after their manufacture is exemplary, possibly even more satisfactory than with a circumferential concrete edge of each module, since one Metallic stiffening frame can react flexibly to moments acting on the feet, but on the other hand the frame, which is open at the side in many places, enables the easy insertion or pushing of reinforcing bars, so that both the reinforcement and Reinforcing irons and their connection with each other as well as through the in-situ concrete ceiling that is then applied over the entire available area next to modules placed in place, results in a highly stable, intimate fusion of the individual modules to form a monolithic compact structure, so that it is possible despite reduced use of material (elimination of the module floors, elimination) a circumferential edge and the like) buildings extending over many floors in height can be created in such a proven module technology.

Dabei ist ferner vorteilhaft, daß der mindestens teilweise umlaufende Bewehrungsrahmen die sich über die vorgefertigte Betondecke des Moduls erstreckenden Kopfbereiche der Stützfüße und deren innere Bewehrung umfaßt und in die Kopfbereiche einbetoniert ist, mit der weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung, daß der dann längs der äußeren Randkanten verlaufende Bewehrungsrahmen aus grundsätzlich beliebigen Armierungssystemen und Anordnungen zusätzlich Verbindung mit der Bewehrung bzw. Armierung der vorgefertigten Betondecke selbst hat, entweder weil er beim ursprünglichen Aufbau Teil der Armierungsmatten bzw. -stäbe und -eisen der vorgefertigten Betondecke ist oder jedenfalls mit unteren Teilbereichen des Rahmens in die Betondecke einbetoniert ist. Es ergibt sich hierdurch erkennbar eine vorzugsweise durchgehend voll umlaufende hochfeste Verstärkung, Stabilisierung und Sicherung der Stützfüße jedes Moduls dadurch, daß diese auf Höhe der Betondecke von dieser einstückig umgossen und umfaßt sind und sich in Form eines Kopfteils über diese hinauserstrecken, wobei der Kopfteil dann im umlaufenden seitlich durchlässigen Armierungsrahmen eingebettet und von diesem aufgenommen ist bzw. umgekehrt den Armierungsrahmen aufnimmt, der selbst wieder längs der seitlichen Randkanten von der Betondecke aufgenommen ist.It is also advantageous that the at least partially circumferential reinforcement frame includes the head regions of the support feet extending over the prefabricated concrete ceiling of the module and their inner reinforcement and is concreted into the head regions, with the further advantageous embodiment that the reinforcement frame then runs along the outer edge edges from basically any reinforcement systems and arrangements has an additional connection with the reinforcement or reinforcement of the prefabricated concrete ceiling itself, either because it is part of the reinforcement mats or rods and iron of the prefabricated concrete ceiling in the original construction or in any case with lower sections of the frame in the concrete ceiling is concreted. This results in a recognizable, preferably fully continuous, high-strength reinforcement, stabilization and securing of the support feet of each module in that they are integrally cast and encompassed at the level of the concrete ceiling and are in the form of a head part extend beyond this, the head part then being embedded in the circumferential, laterally permeable reinforcement frame and being received by the latter, or conversely receiving the reinforcement frame, which itself is again received along the lateral edge edges by the concrete ceiling.

Da der Armierungsrahmen bevorzugt aus Eisenstäben und diese miteinander verbindenden Bewehrungen besteht, die in Zickzack bis unter die Betondecke reichen können, ergeben sich eine Vielzahl hinreichend großer seitlicher Durchstecköffnungen, denn im praktischen Aufbau besteht ein solcher umlaufender Bewehrungsrahmen lediglich aus einer Vielzahl von längs-, quer- und im Zickzack verlaufender, miteinander verbundener, auch verschweißter Eisenstäbe, die wie ein Gitterrahmen wirken und praktisch an jeder beliebigen Stelle das Querdurchstecken sonstiger Armierungs- und Bewehrungseisen ermöglichen. Hierdurch ergibt sich nicht nur eine äußerst feste Verbindung angrenzender Module, sondern die Armierungseisen selbst, bestehend aus den jeweiligen umlaufenden Rahmen, aus den quergesteckten Armierungsstäben und sonstigen Bewehrungen sowie aus ohnehin von den vorgefertigten Betondecken mindestens teilweise nach oben außen ragenden Armierungsspitzen bilden für jede Geschoßdecke ein miteinander verwobenes Geflecht von Bewehrungen und Armierungsstäben, welches durch den sich über die gesamte Fläche erstreckenden frisch aufgebrachten Ortbeton, der nunmehr auch durch die sonst vorhandenen hochgezogenen Randkanten der Module nicht mehr mindestens jedenfalls teilweise unterbrochen wird, eine hochstabilisierende und monolithische Struktur verliehen bekommt so daß es gelingt, mit geringem Aufwand Gebäude aus vorgefertigten Bestandteilen zu erstellen, die in Stabilität, den durch die Module gebotenen Variationsmöglichkeiten und der Anzahl der Stockwerke konventionell erstellten Bauwerken mindestens gleichwertig, hinsichtlich der Kosten entscheidend überlegen sind.Since the reinforcement frame preferably consists of iron bars and these reinforcement connecting them, which can extend in zigzags to below the concrete ceiling, there are a large number of sufficiently large lateral openings, because in practical construction such a circumferential reinforcement frame consists only of a large number of longitudinal, transverse - And zigzagging, interconnected, also welded iron bars, which act like a lattice frame and practically allow you to push through other reinforcing and reinforcing bars at any point. This not only results in an extremely strong connection of adjacent modules, but the reinforcing bars themselves, consisting of the respective surrounding frame, the cross-inserted reinforcing bars and other reinforcements as well as reinforcing spikes that protrude at least partially outwards from the prefabricated concrete ceilings, form for each floor slab interwoven mesh of reinforcements and reinforcing bars, which is at least partially interrupted by the freshly applied in-situ concrete that extends over the entire surface and which is no longer interrupted by the raised edges of the modules. a highly stabilizing and monolithic structure is awarded so that it is possible to build buildings from prefabricated components with little effort, which in terms of stability, the variation options offered by the modules and the number of floors of conventionally constructed structures are at least equivalent in terms of costs.

Dabei ist die jeweils bevorzugte endgültige Form oder Struktur des Bewehrungsrahmens oder der umlaufenden Armierung unter Einschluß der Kopfteile der Stützfüße grundsätzlich beliebig; es können neben oder anstelle von Stangen, Rohren, Profilstücken aus Metall, Eisen oder Stahl auch für sich gesehen, selbst wieder vorgefertigte, stahlarmierte Betonstücke verwendet werden, wobei alle diese verschiedenen Armierungsformen oder Strukturen in Form des umlaufenden Bewehrungsrahmens auf jeden Fall mit den sich üblicherweise um das Maß des aufzubringenden Ortbetons über die Höhe der vorgefertigten Betondecke erstreckenden Kopfteile der Stützfüße verbunden sind, üblicherweise mit deren Armierungen und Bewehrungen verschweißt und vom Beton umgossen. Es versteht sich also, daß die Stützfüße selbst ebenfalls entsprechende Armierungskörbe enthalten, die schon deshalb sinnvoll sind, weil die nach oben weitergeführten Kopfteile der Stützfüße jeweils in einer Kopfplatte enden, die mit Zentrieröffnung oder entsprechenden Zentrierzapfen dem paßgenauen Aufsetzen der nächsten Ebene von sich nach oben anschließenden Modulen dient, wobei dann jeweils eine untere Fußplatte jedes Stützfußes eine entsprechende Zentrieröffnung bzw. einen Zentrierzapfen aufweist. Diese Kopfplatten und, wie es sich versteht, auch die Fußplatten sind mit den Bewehrungskörben innerhalb der Stützfüße und deren Kopfteile verbunden, üblicherweise verschweißt,und in gleicher Weise ist der umlaufende Bewehrungsrahmen mit den Kopfteil-Bewehrungseisen verbunden, üblicherweise verschweißt. Es ergibt sich so für jeden einzelnen Modul in schemelartiger Form, wobei natürlich auch Seitenteile dort vorgesehen sein können, wo beispielsweise Außenwände geplant sind, ebenfalls eine feste "innere" monolithische Stabilität und Struktur, die sich dann durch das Aufbringen des Ortbetons bei sich zusätzlich über mindestens jeweils angrenzende Module erstreckende weitere Armierungen, die durch den Bewehrungsrahmen geschoben werden, auf das ganze Gebäude überträgt und in synergistischer Weise vervielfacht.The preferred final shape or structure of the reinforcement frame or the surrounding reinforcement, including the head parts of the support feet, is in principle arbitrary; In addition to or instead of rods, pipes, profile pieces made of metal, iron or steel, you can also use prefabricated, steel-reinforced concrete pieces yourself, all of these different reinforcement shapes or structures in the form of the surrounding reinforcement frame in any case with the usual ones in order to connect the size of the in-situ concrete to be applied over the height of the prefabricated concrete ceiling head parts of the support feet, usually welded to their reinforcements and reinforcements and cast in concrete. It goes without saying that the support feet themselves also contain appropriate reinforcement baskets, which are useful because the head parts of the support feet, which continue upwards, each end in a head plate, which, with the centering opening or corresponding centering pin, allows the next level to be fitted precisely from itself upwards subsequent modules is used, in which case a lower footplate of each support foot has a corresponding centering opening or a centering pin. These head plates and, as is understood, also the foot plates are connected to the reinforcement cages within the support feet and their head parts, usually welded, and in the same way the circumferential reinforcement frame is connected to the head part reinforcing bars, usually welded. This results in a stool-like form for each individual module, whereby side parts can of course also be provided where, for example, outer walls are planned, also a solid "inner" monolithic stability and structure, which is then added to by the application of the in-situ concrete additional reinforcements that extend at least in each case adjacent modules that are pushed through the reinforcement frame, transferred to the entire building and multiplied in a synergistic manner.

Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen der Erfindung möglich. Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Ausbildung der jeweiligen Fertigbetondecke eines jeweiligen Moduls so, daß aus dieser nach oben Bewehrungseisen herausragen, die mit den quer durchgeschobenen Armierungs- oder Bewehrungseisen angrenzender Module vor Aufbringen des Ortbetons noch verbunden werden, so daß sich für den Ortbeton und durch den Ortbeton eine sichere Verankerung und eine einheitliche monolithische Struktur des Ganzen ergibt.Advantageous further developments and improvements of the invention are possible through the measures listed in the subclaims. The design of the respective prefabricated concrete slab of a particular module is particularly advantageous in such a way that reinforcing bars protrude from the top, which are still connected to the transversely inserted reinforcing or reinforcing bars of adjacent modules before application of the in-situ concrete, so that the in-situ concrete and the in-situ concrete provides secure anchoring and a uniform monolithic structure of the whole.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und werden in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
in perspektivischer vereinfachter Darstellung eine bevorzugte Grundform eines Einzelmoduls mit sich seitlich an die Betondecke des Einzelmoduls und von dieser getragenen Filigranplatte,
Fig. 2
einen mittleren Teilausschnitt durch eine Fertigbetondecke eines nur schematisch teilweise dargestellten Moduls, so daß der umlaufende Rahmen im Schnitt und Seitenansicht mit der von ihm gebotenen Möglichkeit des seitlichen Durchsteckens erkennbar ist, wobei sich an die Fertigbetondecke noch eine Filigranplatte seitlich anschließt, und
Fig. 3
schematisiert ebenfalls im Ausschnitt eine nach oben offene Aufnahmeöffnung in der Kopfplatte eines Fußstützen-Kopfteils mit schematisierter Darstellung der den Kopfteil durchsetzenden Armierungselemente des Bewehrungsrahmens, der sich seitlich fortsetzt,.
Fig. 4 und 5
zeigen eine weitere Variante der Erfindung mit Kopfplattenverstellung.
Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleExemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and are explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:
Fig. 1
a perspective simplified representation of a preferred basic form of a single module with laterally on the concrete ceiling of the individual module and filigree slab carried by this,
Fig. 2
a middle partial section through a prefabricated concrete ceiling of a module, only shown schematically, so that the circumferential frame can be seen in section and side view with the possibility of pushing it through from the side, with a filigree slab connecting to the side of the prefabricated concrete ceiling, and
Fig. 3
also schematically shows in the cut-out an upwardly open receiving opening in the head plate of a footrest head part with a schematic representation of the reinforcement elements of the reinforcement frame passing through the head part, which continues laterally.
4 and 5
show a further variant of the invention with head plate adjustment.
Description of the embodiments

Die vorliegende Erfindung sieht vor bei einem bodenfreien Modul mit Eckfußstützen die über die Fertigbetondecke des Moduls nach oben herausgezogenen Kopfteile mittels eines umlaufenden, seitlich offenen Bewehrungsrahmens zu stützen und zu stabilisieren.In the case of a floor-free module with corner footrests, the present invention provides for the head parts which are pulled out upwards over the prefabricated concrete ceiling of the module by means of a peripheral, laterally to support and stabilize open reinforcement frames.

In Fig. 1 ist die einfachste Grundform eines Moduls 10, bestehend lediglich aus einer Betondecke 12 und vier Eckstützen oder Stützfüßen 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d dargestellt, wobei ergänzend noch eine Seitenwand 13 vorgesehen sein kann, falls es sich hier um einen Außenmodul handelt oder an dieser Stelle im Gebäude eine Wand vorgesehen ist.1 shows the simplest basic form of a module 10, consisting only of a concrete ceiling 12 and four corner supports or support feet 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, a side wall 13 can additionally be provided if this is an external module or a wall is provided at this point in the building.

Die Module 10 weisen grundsätzlich keinen Boden auf und entsprechen ihrer Form daher einer nach unten offenen Schachtel, bei der zunehmend weitere Seitenteile wegfallen können, bis schließlich, beispielsweise bei einem Mittenmodul, gar keine Seitenteile mehr vorhanden sind und der Modul diese schemelartige Form aufweist.The modules 10 generally have no bottom and therefore correspond in their shape to a box which is open at the bottom and in which more and more side parts can be omitted until finally, for example in the case of a central module, there are no longer any side parts and the module has this stool-like shape.

Die vier Stützfüße 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d bestimmen durch ihre Höhe, d.h. genauer gesagt durch den Abstand ihrer jeweiligen Kopfplatte 15 jedes Stützfußes zur entsprechenden unteren Fußplatte 16 die Geschoßhöhe, wobei die Betondecke 12 jedes Einzelmoduls 10 mit vorgegebenem Abstand nach oben zwischen den Stützfüßen angesetzt ist, so daß jeder Stützfuß einen bis zur Betondecke 12 von unten reichenden Eckstützenhauptteil 17 und einen oberen Kopfteil 18 umfaßt, der die Betondecke 12 um einen bestimmten, an sich beliebig vorgebbaren Abstand überragt, wodurch sich auch die Dicke H1 der aufbringbaren Ortbetondecke bestimmt.The four support feet 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d determine the storey height by their height, ie more precisely by the distance of their respective head plate 15 of each support foot from the corresponding lower foot plate 16, the concrete ceiling 12 of each individual module 10 having a predetermined distance upwards between the support feet is set so that each support foot comprises a corner support main part 17 reaching from the bottom to the concrete ceiling 12 and an upper head part 18, which projects beyond the concrete ceiling 12 by a certain distance which can be predetermined as desired, thereby also determining the thickness H1 of the in-situ concrete ceiling that can be applied.

Mindestens dort, wo zu erwarten ist, daß seitlich horizontal an die Betondecke Zwischenplatten, also sogenannte Filigranplatten 20 anzusetzen sind, kann die Betondecke 12 jedes Einzelmoduls 10 eine Aussparung oder Falz 21 aufweisen, die in der umlaufenden Randkante der Betondecke 12 angeordnet ist. Diese Aussparung dient dem seitlichen problemlosen Ansatz von Filigranplatten 20, die mit hakenartigen Vorsprüngen 23 ihrer Bewehrungseisen in die Aussparung 21 eingreifen, so daß sich eine sichere Verankerung der an dem Modul vorzugsweise mit gleicher Modulbreite angesetzten seitlichen Filigranplatte 20 ergibt. An die durchlaufenden Stützenbereiche schlägt die Filigranplatte dann bündig an.At least where it is to be expected that intermediate plates, i.e. so-called filigree plates 20, are to be placed laterally horizontally on the concrete ceiling, the concrete ceiling 12 of each individual module 10 can have a recess or fold 21 which is arranged in the peripheral edge of the concrete ceiling 12. This recess serves for the problem-free approach of filigree plates 20 which engage with hook-like projections 23 of their reinforcing bars in the recess 21, so that there is a secure anchoring of the filigree plate 20, which is preferably attached to the module with the same module width. The filigree panel then strikes the continuous column areas.

Man erkennt, daß es auf diese Weise möglich ist, bei der Montage auf eine in dieser Weise in beliebiger Form und Variabilität zusammengestellten unteren Geschoßdecke durchlaufend vor Ort eine Vergußbetonschicht aufzubringen, die so hochgezogen ist, daß sie mindestens bis an den unteren Rand, falls gewünscht auch oben bündig abschließend, die oberen Kopfteile umgibt, so daß dann lediglich noch die Kopfplatten mit ihren Zentrieröffnungen 15' aus der Vergußbetonschicht (Ortbeton) herausragen.It can be seen that in this way it is possible to continuously apply a grouting concrete layer on site to a lower floor ceiling that is assembled in this way in any shape and variability, so that it is raised so that it reaches at least to the lower edge, if desired also flush at the top, surrounding the upper head parts, so that then only the head plates with their centering openings 15 'protrude from the grouting concrete layer (in-situ concrete).

Dort, wo Module Außenwandmodule bilden, ist, wie es sich versteht, eine Schalung angebracht, damit die Vergußbetonschicht nicht abfließt.Wherever modules form outer wall modules, it is understood that formwork is attached so that the grouting concrete layer does not flow off.

Es versteht sich ferner, daß die fertige Betondecke 12 jedes Einzelmoduls sowie die sich anschließenden Filigranplatten 20 durchlaufend noch Armierungen, beispielsweise in Form von Matten aufgelegt sind, die auch durch schon vorhandene, nach oben wegstehende Armierungen 19 der Betondecke 12 bzw. Armierung 22 der Filigranplatte 20 hindurchgeflochten sein können.It is also understood that the finished concrete ceiling 12 of each individual module and the subsequent ones Reinforcing filigree plates 20 are still applied, for example in the form of mats, which can also be braided through already existing, upwardly protruding reinforcements 19 of the concrete ceiling 12 or reinforcement 22 of the filigree plate 20.

Aus der Darstellung der Fig. 1 läßt sich am besten erkennen, daß die Kopfteile 18 jedes Stützfußes durch mindestens teilweise umlaufende Bewehrungs- oder Armierungseisen oder -elemente oder -strukturen miteinander verbunden sind, so daß sich auf diese Weise, in etwa nach dem physikalischen Grundprinzip eine Tischzarge, für die Stützfüße ein entscheidender Stabilisierungseffekt insbesondere gegen seitlich einwirkende Momente ergibt, da durch die innige Verankerung durch die gemeinsame Betondecke die Stützfüße gegen Horizontalkräfte gesichert sind, während durch die feste Verbindung und hierdurch gesicherte Abstandswahrung mittels eines im folgenden als Bewehrungsrahmen 24 bezeichneten "Zargengürtels" die über die Fertigbetondecke des Moduls hinausragenden Kopfteile fest und starr miteinander verbunden sind, so daß die unteren Hauptstützenteile 17 der Stützfüße 14a, 14b ... auch Momenten standhalten können.From the illustration in FIG. 1 it can best be seen that the head parts 18 of each support leg are connected to one another by at least partially encircling reinforcement or reinforcing bars or elements or structures, so that in this way, roughly according to the basic physical principle a table frame for which the support feet have a decisive stabilizing effect, particularly against moments acting from the side, since the intimate anchoring through the common concrete ceiling means that the support feet are secured against horizontal forces, while through the fixed connection and thereby secured distance maintenance by means of a reinforcement frame 24, hereinafter referred to as " Frame belt ", the head parts protruding beyond the precast concrete ceiling of the module are firmly and rigidly connected to one another, so that the lower main support parts 17 of the support feet 14a, 14b ... can also withstand moments.

In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung besteht der Bewehrungsrahmen 24 aus Längsstäben 25, die umlaufend ausgebildet sein können oder die sich jeweils von Kopfteil 18 zu Kopfteil 18 erstrecken, wo sie mit den Bewehrungseisen bzw. Armierungskörben der Kopfteile verschweißt oder sonstwie verbunden und vom Beton des Kopfteils gesichert sind, oder es ist auch möglich, die Längsstäbe von grundsätzlich beliebiger Form und Ausbildung tatsächlich als geschlossenen Rahmen auszubilden und im Kopfteilbereich jeweils umzubiegen und mit den entsprechenden, dort vorhandenen Bewehrungskörben und Armierungseisen zu verbinden und in den Beton der Kopfteile einzugießen.In an advantageous embodiment, the reinforcement frame 24 consists of longitudinal bars 25, which can be circumferential or which each extend from the head part 18 to the head part 18, where they are welded or otherwise connected to the reinforcement bars or reinforcement cages of the head parts and from the concrete of the head part are secured, or it is also possible to actually form the longitudinal bars of basically any shape and design as a closed frame and to bend them in the head part area and to connect them with the corresponding reinforcement cages and reinforcing bars present there and to pour them into the concrete of the head parts.

Darüber hinaus ist es eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung, diese Längsstäbe 25 noch durch eine Vielzahl zusätzlicher Armierungseisen oder Armierungselemente oder sonstiger Bewehrungsstrukturen 26 miteinander und vor allem mit dem Beton H2 bzw. den in diesen eingelegten Armierungsstrukturen der Betondecke 12 zu verbinden, wobei lediglich erforderlich ist, daß seitlich eine gewisse Durchgängigkeit durch den Bewehrungsrahmen 24 noch verbleibt, die es erlaubt, vor der Aufbringung des Ortbetons über eine entsprechende Anzahl von sich aus der Form des Gebäudes ergebenden nebeneinandergestellten Einzelmodulen weitere Bewehrungselemente oder Armierungsstäbe hindurchzustecken, die in Fig.1 sehr schematisiert dargestellt und mit 27 bezeichnet sind und die mit den vorhandenen, von den Betondecken 12 der Module oder der Filigranplatten 20 abstehenden Armierungen noch verbunden werden können und dann als durchgehende Armierung zusätzlich verstärkend und stabilisierend zu den vorhandenen Armierungen 19 und 22 von Betondecke bzw. Filigranplatte für die Ortbetonschicht dienen. Man erkennt, daß sich auf diese Weise zwei wesentliche Gesichtspunkte von an sich widersprüchlicher Natur erfüllen, nämlich einmal die sichere, transportfähige Form der Einzelmodule auch dann, wenn diese lediglich Schemelform aufweisen, und die Gewinnung einer einwandfreien monolithischen Struktur des späteren Gebäudes durch die durchgehende Ortbetonschicht in Verbindung mit der ebenfalls durchgehenden zusätzlichen Armierung 27 in vollkommen beliebiger Form, Struktur und Ausbildung, ohne daß sich die Notwendigkeit von Nacharbeiten vor Ort ergeben, beispielsweise indem man umlaufende Randkanten im Beton wieder ausbrechen muß, damit man Armierungsstäbe hindurchlegen kann.In addition, it is an advantageous embodiment to connect these longitudinal bars 25 to one another by means of a large number of additional reinforcing bars or reinforcing elements or other reinforcement structures 26 and, in particular, to the concrete H2 or the reinforcing structures of the concrete ceiling 12 inserted therein, with the only requirement being that a certain continuity remains laterally through the reinforcement frame 24, which allows additional reinforcement elements or reinforcing bars to be inserted before the in-situ concrete is applied using a corresponding number of juxtaposed individual modules resulting from the shape of the building, which are shown very schematically in FIG. 1 and with 27 are designated and which can still be connected to the existing reinforcements protruding from the concrete ceilings 12 of the modules or the filigree panels 20 and then as a continuous reinforcement additionally reinforcing and stabilizing the existing arm Iations 19 and 22 of concrete ceiling or filigree slab serve for the in-situ concrete layer. It can be seen that two essential aspects of a contradictory nature are fulfilled in this way, namely the safe, transportable form of the individual modules even if they only have a stool shape, and the acquisition of a perfect monolithic structure of the later building through the continuous in-situ concrete layer in conjunction with the also continuous additional reinforcement 27 in any shape, structure and design without the need for rework on site result, for example, by breaking out the peripheral edges in the concrete so that reinforcing bars can be put through.

Die Darstellung der Fig. 2 zeigt als mittleren Querschnitt, beispielsweise längs der Linie II-II der Fig. 1 in Seitenansicht die Betondecke 12 mit den ihr eigenen Armierungen 19 sowie eine angrenzende Filigranplatte 20, ergänzt durch den umlaufenden Bewehrungsrahmen 24, bestehend aus einer beliebigen Anzahl von Armierungslängselementen 25, die ihrerseits wieder durch Zwischenelemente 26 ergänzt, verstärkt und miteinander verbunden sind, wobei insbesondere auch Verbindungen mit den aus der Betondecke herausragenden Armierungsteilen 19 möglich sind. Es ist dann problemlos möglich, querverlaufende Armierungsstäbe 26 noch durch verbleibende offene Stellen im Bewehrungsrahmen 24 hindurchzuschieben, die dann mit den Armierungen 22 der Filigranplatte oder eines angrenzenden Moduls und mit den Armierungen 19 des Moduls verbunden sind, wobei auf die gesamte Fläche dann bis zur gestrichelt angedeuteten Höhe 27 die Ortbetonschicht aufgefüllt wird. Man erkennt, daß bei einer solchen Höhe der Ortbetonschicht die gestrichelt angedeutete Kopfplatte 15 eines ebenfalls nur gestrichelt angedeuteten Kopfteils 18 jedes Stützfußes freibleibt, so daß an dieser Stelle die Fußplatte des sich jeweils nach oben anschließenden Moduls aufgesetzt und, falls gewünscht, auch umlaufend mit der Kopfplatte durch Verschweißen verbunden werden kann. Hierdurch ergibt sich eine sichere Vertikalversteifung des gesamten Gebäudes auch gegen seitlich angreifende Kräfte, beispielsweise Windkräfte oder ein hohes Widerstandsmoment des Gebäudes in erdbebengefährdeten Gebieten, so daß eine monolithische Grundstruktur des gesamten Gebäudes sowohl in horizontaler als auch in vertikaler Richtung gewährleistet ist.The illustration in FIG. 2 shows a middle cross-section, for example along the line II-II of FIG. 1 in a side view, of the concrete ceiling 12 with its own reinforcements 19 and an adjacent filigree plate 20, supplemented by the surrounding reinforcement frame 24, consisting of any one Number of longitudinal reinforcement elements 25, which in turn are supplemented, reinforced and connected to one another by intermediate elements 26, connections in particular also being possible with the reinforcement parts 19 protruding from the concrete ceiling. It is then easily possible to push transverse reinforcing bars 26 through remaining open positions in the reinforcement frame 24, which are then connected to the reinforcements 22 of the filigree slab or an adjacent module and to the reinforcements 19 of the module, with the entire surface then being dashed indicated height 27 the in-situ concrete layer is filled. It can be seen that, at such a height of the in-situ concrete layer, the dashed head plate 15 is also indicated by a dashed line The head part 18 of each support leg remains free, so that at this point the foot plate of the module which adjoins the top can be placed on top and, if desired, also connected to the head plate by welding all the way round. This results in a secure vertical stiffening of the entire building even against lateral forces, such as wind forces or a high moment of resistance of the building in earthquake-prone areas, so that a monolithic basic structure of the entire building is ensured both in the horizontal and in the vertical direction.

In diesem Zusammenhang sei daran erinnert, daß auch bei den hier besprochenen Ausführungsbeispielen in den Vollbeton-Stützfüßen Armierungskörbe oder Bewehrungskörbe vorgesehen sind, deren Eisen fest mit der jeweiligen Kopf- bzw. Fußplatte verbunden, beispielsweise verschweißt sind, so daß sich hierdurch einmal präzise Höhenabstände für die einzelnen Module vorgeben lassen, ferner aber auch Kopf- und Fußplatte sozusagen einstückige Bestandteile des jeweiligen Geschosses sind, so daß durch das Verschweißen jeweiliger Kopf- und Fußplatten die Geschosse nach oben und unten ebenfalls eine monolithische Grundstruktur bilden.In this context, it should be remembered that reinforcement baskets or reinforcement baskets are also provided in the solid concrete support feet in the exemplary embodiments discussed here, the irons of which are firmly connected, for example welded, to the respective head or foot plate, so that this results in precise height distances allow the individual modules to be specified, but also the head and foot plates are, so to speak, one-piece components of the respective floor, so that the floors and floors also form a monolithic basic structure by welding the respective head and foot plates.

Dadurch, daß die jeweilige Vergußbetonschicht (bis zur Kopfplattenebene) noch vor Aufsetzen der jeweils zum nachfolgenden, nach oben weiterführenden Stockwerk gehörenden Einzelmodule aufgebracht wird, ist auch die problemlose Verbindung dieser nachfolgenden Einzelmodule, genauer gesagt deren Fußplatten mit den unteren Kopfplatten möglich, weil die durch die Vorortbetonschicht verfestigte Geschoßebene auch bei sehr rauhem Vorgehen, eventuellem seitlichen Anschlagen von über Kräne herangebrachten, sich nach oben anschließenden Modulen oder sehr hartem Aufsetzen nicht mehr verschieben oder sonstwie arbeiten kann, vor allem können sich die seitlich angesetzten Filigranplatten nicht mehr aus der anfangs nur durch die in die Aussparungen 21 eingreifenden Lagerhaken vorgegebene Positionierung lasen, so daß auch jede sonstige Gefährdung im Montagebereich ausgeschlossen ist.The fact that the respective grouting concrete layer (up to the top plate level) is applied even before the individual modules belonging to the subsequent, upward-reaching floor are put on, also makes it easy to connect these subsequent individual modules, more precisely their base plates with the lower head plates possible because the floor level consolidated by the on-site concrete layer can no longer move or work in any other way, especially in the case of a very rough procedure, possible lateral attachment of modules brought in by cranes, modules that adjoin the top or very hard installation, especially those that are set on the side Do not read filigree plates from the position initially specified only by the bearing hooks engaging in the recesses 21, so that any other hazard in the assembly area is also excluded.

Fig. 3 zeigt die geschilderten Maßnahmen im Bereich eines Fußstützenkopfteils 18 mit bei 17' angedeutetem Eckstützenhauptteil des nach oben folgenden weiteren Moduls mit Kopfplatte 16 und Zentrierzapfen 16', der von der Zentrieröffnung 15' der Kopfplatte 15 im Kopfteil 18 des unteren Moduls aufgenommen ist. Man erkennt bei 28 den Bewehrungskorb im Stützfuß, der sich bis zum Kopfteil 18 fortsetzt, dort mit den Längsstäben 25 des umlaufenden Bewehrungsrahmens 24 verbunden ist, die dann wiederum mit den Bewehrungselementen 19 der Betondecke 12 verbunden sind.Fig. 3 shows the measures described in the area of a footrest head part 18 with indicated at 17 'corner support main part of the following module with head plate 16 and centering pin 16', which is received by the centering opening 15 'of the head plate 15 in the head part 18 of the lower module. One can see at 28 the reinforcement cage in the support foot, which continues up to the head part 18, where it is connected to the longitudinal bars 25 of the surrounding reinforcement frame 24, which in turn are then connected to the reinforcement elements 19 of the concrete ceiling 12.

Eine weitere bevorzugte Ausgestaltung folgender Erfindung besteht darin, daß, unter Beibehaltung der weiter vorn erläuterten Grundstrukturen, die Kopf- und Fußplattenbereiche eine Änderung erfahren, wie in den Fig. 4 und 5 im einzelnen gezeigt.Another preferred embodiment of the following invention is that, while maintaining the basic structures explained above, the head and foot plate areas experience a change, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 in detail.

Anstelle fest vorgegebener, auch in der Höhe durch das Einbetonieren vorbestimmter Kopfplattenanordnungen kann der Kopfplattenbereich auch so ausgebildet sein, daß in dem vorgefertigten Beton im Kopfplattenbereich lediglich eine Gewindeführungsbüchse 30 eingesetzt ist, die nach oben mit ihrem Gewinde offen ist und in welche eine von einem Gewindefuß 31 getragene Kopfplatte 32, die in Fig. 4 ohne Zentrieröffnung dargestellt ist, eingesetzt ist. Da auch der Kopfplattenfuß 31 ein entsprechendes (schweres) Außengewinde aufweist, ist es möglich, die Höhe der Kopfplatte hochpräzise durch ein entsprechendes weiteres Ein- oder Herausdrehen im Gewindebereich exakt vorzugeben, so daß auch sichergestellt ist, daß nach oben folgende Module in der Senkrechten hochgenau positioniert werden können. Es ist daher auch nicht notwendig, eventuell mit Unterlegteilen eine horizontale Nivellierung anzustreben, da durch diese feinfühlige Gewindeverbindung zwischen der Kopfplatte und dem Modul im Kopfplattenbereich eine praktische, vereinfachte und im übrigen auch hochgenaue horizontale Orientierung für den nach oben sich jeweils anschließenden Modul möglich wird. Daher sind auch nach dessen Aufsetzen keine eventuell sonst erforderlichen Justierarbeiten notwendig.Instead of predefined headplate arrangements, also in height by concreting in concrete The head plate area can also be designed such that only a threaded guide bush 30 is used in the prefabricated concrete in the head plate area, which is open at the top with its thread and into which a head plate 32 carried by a threaded foot 31, which is shown in FIG. 4 without a centering opening is used. Since the head plate foot 31 also has a corresponding (heavy) external thread, it is possible to specify the height of the head plate precisely by further screwing in or out in the thread area, so that it is also ensured that the following modules are highly accurate in the vertical direction can be positioned. It is therefore not necessary to strive for a horizontal leveling, if necessary, because this sensitive thread connection between the head plate and the module in the head plate area enables a practical, simplified and, moreover, also highly accurate horizontal orientation for the module that adjoins at the top. Therefore, no adjustment work that might otherwise be necessary is necessary even after it has been put on.

Die restlichen Elemente können so verbleiben wie weiter vorn erläutert, wobei es auch möglich ist, im Kopfplatten-/Fußstützenteil Zentrierstrukturen vorzusehen, die dann sinnvollerweise außermittig angeordnet sind, beispielsweise als konzentrische Ringausnehmung in der Kopfplatte, die nach oben als Nut erscheint, in welche dann von der Fußplatte des sich nach oben anschließenden Moduls entsprechende, im gleichen konzentrischen Abstand angeordnete, gegebenenfalls unterbrochene Ringvorsprünge eingreifen.The remaining elements can remain as explained above, whereby it is also possible to provide centering structures in the head plate / footrest part, which are then expediently arranged off-center, for example as a concentric ring recess in the head plate, which appears upwards as a groove, into which then from the footplate of the the corresponding module, which is arranged at the same concentric spacing and possibly interrupted ring projections, engage.

Es ist aber auch möglich, Kopf- und Fußplatten eben auszubilden, wodurch eine hochgenaue Einjustierung auch durch seitliche Verschiebung erreicht werden kann.However, it is also possible to form head and foot plates evenly, as a result of which a highly precise adjustment can also be achieved by lateral displacement.

Der in der Höhe justierbare, die Kopfplatte bildende Teller wird zweckmäßigerweise vor Aufbringen des Ortbetons in der Höhe genau eingestellt, so daß der Ortbeton anschließend die Kopfplatte bis zur oberen Fläche bündig umschließt und insofern auch fixiert und den verstellbaren Kopfplattenbereich insofern gegen jede Art von Belastung absichert, insbesondere den Druck nachfolgender Module vom Gewindebereich der Führungsbuchse sowie des Gewindefußes wegnimmt. Nach dem Aufbringen des Ortbetons erscheint daher die höhenverstellbare Kopfplatte als integrierter, einstückiger Teil der Decke des jeweils unteren Moduls, wobei gleichzeitig durch diese Höhenverstellung eine Vielzahl bautechnischer Vorzüge erreicht werden.The height-adjustable plate forming the head plate is expediently adjusted in height before the in-situ concrete is applied, so that the in-situ concrete then surrounds the head plate flush with the upper surface and is thus also fixed, and the adjustable head plate area is insured against any kind of stress , in particular the pressure of subsequent modules from the threaded area of the guide bush and the threaded base. After the in-situ concrete has been applied, the height-adjustable head plate appears as an integrated, one-piece part of the ceiling of the respective lower module, with a multitude of structural advantages being achieved by this height adjustment.

In Fig. 5 ist die Fußstütze eines sich nach oben anschließenden Moduls mit 17'' bezeichnet - die auf den Teller der Kopfplatte 32 aufsitzende Fußplatte 34 kann mittels eines Bügels 35 im vorgefertigten Beton der Fußstütze gesichert sein - wobei der Bügel 35 seinerseits wieder Teil des inneren Armierungskorbs sein kann.In Fig. 5, the footrest of an adjoining module is designated 17 '' - the footplate 34 seated on the plate of the head plate 32 can be secured by means of a bracket 35 in the prefabricated concrete of the footrest - the bracket 35 in turn part of the inner reinforcement cage.

Claims (14)

  1. A method of producing pre-fabricated modules standing clear of the ground and comprising at least support legs (14a, 14b, 14c, 14d) and a concrete floor (12), for erecting structures and buildings, in particular hotels, hospitals, business premises or office buildings, residential buildings, old-peoples' homes and the like, wherein the spatial cells formed by modules are arranged side by side and one above the other and are joined to one another by applying a site-mixed concrete layer (H1) which in each case covers upper adjacent module floors and, where present, connecting floors arranged between the individual modules and acting as bridges between the concrete floors, characterized in that an at least partially continuous reinforcement frame (24) - open at the side for the passage of reinforcement bars engaging over adjacent modules for the site-mixed concrete layer - is laid on the concrete floor (12) - free from raised boundary edges - of each individual module on the side of the boundary edges.
  2. A method according to Claim 1, characterized in that each leg support comprises a head plate (15), in the region of which vertically displaceable and thus adjustable plates or support seats are arranged, the upper edges of which simultaneously define the screed plane for the site-mixed concrete layer to be applied and the leg supports of which are used to support further modules attached to one another at the top.
  3. A method according to Claim 2, characterized in that threaded guide bushes (30), into which a head plate (32) supported by a threaded foot (31) is screwed and is adjusted vertically, are provided in the region of each head plate.
  4. A method according to one of Claims 2 or 3, characterized in that, in order to anchor a site-mixed concrete layer to be applied subsequently, the concrete floor (12) of each individual module is provided with upwardly projecting reinforcement-bar members (19), and the laid reinforcement frame (24) is secured at least in the head areas of the leg supports (14a, 14b, 14c, 14d) projecting beyond the concrete floor, which also supports the vertically displaceable head plates.
  5. A method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the reinforcement members of the reinforcement frame (24) are connected, and preferably welded, to the reinforcement cages of the head parts (18) of the support legs, and/or are embedded in the concrete of the head parts (18).
  6. A method according to Claim 5, characterized in that the reinforcement members of the reinforcement frame (24) are also connected outside the head parts (18) of the support legs to the concrete-floor layer of the module.
  7. A method according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, in addition to longitudinal rods (25) of the reinforcement frame (24) which absorb the actions of thrust and traction, interconnecting reinforcement members (26) are provided, which are connected at least in part in the concrete floor (12) of each module and to the reinforcement members (19) there.
  8. A pre-fabricated module for producing structures and buildings, in particular hotels, hospitals, business premises or office buildings, residential buildings and old-peoples' homes and the like, which comprises at least support legs (14a, 14b, 14c, 14d) and a concrete floor (12) and which can be connected to further modules or intermediate plates (20) arranged at the side as well as above and below, characterized by an at least partially continuous reinforcement frame (24) which connects together head parts (18) of support legs (14a, 14b, 14c, 14d) projecting beyond the concrete floor (12) and which comprises openings traversable at the side.
  9. A pre-fabricated module according to Claim 8, characterized in that the reinforcement frame (24) is arranged at the boundary edge in a closed form at the level of the head parts (18) and is connected to the head parts (18) as well as to the concrete floor (12) between the said head parts (18).
  10. A pre-fabricated module according to Claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the continuous reinforcement frame (24) comprises longitudinal rods (25) which are effective against the action of thrust and traction and which are connected to one another by way of additional reinforcement members (26) extending in any direction, wherein the reinforcement members of the reinforcement frame (24) are connected, and preferably welded, to the reinforcement members of reinforcement cages in the head parts (18) and to the reinforcement members (19) of the concrete floor (12), and are anchored in the concrete of the head parts (18) with complete free lateral accessibility and in the concrete of the concrete floor (12) with partial free lateral accessibility.
  11. A pre-fabricated module according to one or more of Claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the reinforcement frame (24) comprises pre-fabricated concrete parts with internal reinforcement inlays, in the case of the possibility of lateral passage for reinforcements (27) which cover adjacent modules.
  12. A pre-fabricated module according to one or more of Claims 8 to 11, characterized in that vertically displaceable tie rods are provided in the region of the head plates or in the region of the support plates of each module.
  13. A pre-fabricated module according to Claim 12, characterized in that threaded guide bushes (30), which receive threaded feet (31) supporting head plates (32) vertically displaceable by way of a thread, are arranged in the leg supports for the sake of vertical displaceability in the region of the head plates.
  14. A pre-fabricated module according to Claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the site-mixed concrete is applied as far as the level of the upper edge of the head plates vertically adjusted beforehand.
EP94114841A 1993-09-27 1994-09-21 Method for the production of prefabricated moduls for the construction of buildings and prefabricated modul Expired - Lifetime EP0645501B1 (en)

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DE4332793 1993-09-27
DE4332793A DE4332793C1 (en) 1993-09-27 1993-09-27 Process for producing structures, and prefabricated module

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EP0645501B1 true EP0645501B1 (en) 1997-01-08

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ES (1) ES2098090T3 (en)
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CZ290537B6 (en) * 1995-06-30 2002-08-14 Ralf Sebald Wall element for high-rise structures and method of manufacturing the same
GR1005653B (en) * 1999-12-24 2007-09-19 System of free-fabrication of multi-storey buildings from orthotropic elements and plates of reinforced concrete
ES2333636B1 (en) 2008-10-10 2011-03-11 Angel Moreno Cano PRE-MANUFACTURED SEMIRRESISTENT MODULE FOR CONSTRUCTION AND PROCEDURE ASSEMBLY ON THE WORK OF THE SAME.

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US4443985A (en) * 1981-08-31 1984-04-24 Jaime Moreno Composite building construction comprising a combination of precast and poured-in-place concrete
DE4131125C2 (en) * 1991-05-14 1996-07-18 Eberhard Schrade Process for the production of buildings and buildings and prefabricated module for carrying out the process
DE4115643A1 (en) * 1991-05-14 1992-11-19 Eberhard Schrade METHOD AND PRE-PREPARED MODULE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CONSTRUCTIONS AND BUILDINGS
DE4121253C2 (en) * 1991-06-27 1996-11-28 Eberhard Schrade Process and prefabricated module for the production of structures and buildings
DE9215776U1 (en) * 1992-11-20 1993-01-07 Schrade, Eberhard, 7036 Schönaich Prefabricated module for the production of structures and buildings

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EP0645501A1 (en) 1995-03-29
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CZ235294A3 (en) 1995-04-12
ES2098090T3 (en) 1997-04-16
ATE147456T1 (en) 1997-01-15
SI0645501T1 (en) 1997-10-31

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