EP0637818A1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Umsetzung der Schwingung von den Saiten eines Musikinstruments in Klang - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Umsetzung der Schwingung von den Saiten eines Musikinstruments in Klang Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0637818A1
EP0637818A1 EP93402025A EP93402025A EP0637818A1 EP 0637818 A1 EP0637818 A1 EP 0637818A1 EP 93402025 A EP93402025 A EP 93402025A EP 93402025 A EP93402025 A EP 93402025A EP 0637818 A1 EP0637818 A1 EP 0637818A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vibrations
strings
sensors
vibration
sounds
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP93402025A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michel Dickensheid
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CONNEXIONS ASSOCIATION CULTURELLE ET SCIENTIFIQUE DU SUD DE PARIS
Original Assignee
CONNEXIONS ASSOCIATION CULTURELLE ET SCIENTIFIQUE DU SUD DE PARIS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to FR9201771A priority Critical patent/FR2687495B1/fr
Application filed by CONNEXIONS ASSOCIATION CULTURELLE ET SCIENTIFIQUE DU SUD DE PARIS filed Critical CONNEXIONS ASSOCIATION CULTURELLE ET SCIENTIFIQUE DU SUD DE PARIS
Priority to EP93402025A priority patent/EP0637818A1/de
Publication of EP0637818A1 publication Critical patent/EP0637818A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H3/00—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means
    • G10H3/12—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument
    • G10H3/14—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument using mechanically actuated vibrators with pick-up means
    • G10H3/18—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument using mechanically actuated vibrators with pick-up means using a string, e.g. electric guitar
    • G10H3/185—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument using mechanically actuated vibrators with pick-up means using a string, e.g. electric guitar in which the tones are picked up through the bridge structure
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2220/00—Input/output interfacing specifically adapted for electrophonic musical tools or instruments
    • G10H2220/461—Transducers, i.e. details, positioning or use of assemblies to detect and convert mechanical vibrations or mechanical strains into an electrical signal, e.g. audio, trigger or control signal
    • G10H2220/465—Bridge-positioned, i.e. assembled to or attached with the bridge of a stringed musical instrument
    • G10H2220/501—Two or more bridge transducers, at least one transducer common to several strings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2220/00—Input/output interfacing specifically adapted for electrophonic musical tools or instruments
    • G10H2220/461—Transducers, i.e. details, positioning or use of assemblies to detect and convert mechanical vibrations or mechanical strains into an electrical signal, e.g. audio, trigger or control signal
    • G10H2220/525—Piezoelectric transducers for vibration sensing or vibration excitation in the audio range; Piezoelectric strain sensing, e.g. as key velocity sensor; Piezoelectric actuators, e.g. key actuation in response to a control voltage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for transforming the vibrations of the strings of a stringed musical instrument such as a piano and an arrangement of a musical instrument into sounds by implementing the method.
  • the vibrations of the strings are transmitted via a bridge which supports the strings to a generally wooden plate, which is called soundboard and which has the function of produce acoustic waves by amplifying by its own vibration those produced by the strings.
  • a bridge which supports the strings to a generally wooden plate, which is called soundboard and which has the function of produce acoustic waves by amplifying by its own vibration those produced by the strings.
  • these waves are picked up using microphones which are placed relatively close to the source of the sounds.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a method of converting the vibrations of the strings of a stringed musical instrument into sounds and an arrangement of musical instrument, which overcomes the abovementioned drawbacks of the prior art.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that one captures the vibrations on the strings or on a member driven in vibration by these strings by mechanical contact with them, and generates sound signals from of these electrical signals.
  • the vibrations are captured on the organ driven in vibrations at several places spaced from one another and reproduces the vibrations picked up at each place selectively by sources of sound signals and places these sources in a space of sound reproduction such than a performance hall in a manner corresponding to the relative arrangement of said places for collecting vibrations of the strings.
  • the arrangement according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises a device for sensing the vibrations of the strings and a device for reproducing the vibrations captured.
  • the aforementioned sensor device comprises sensors which are placed on a member driven in vibration by these strings, by mechanical contact with them, and capable of transforming the vibrations captured into electrical signals.
  • a musical instrument whose vibrations of the strings are transmitted to a vibrating plate by a support member for the strings, characterized in that a plurality of sensors is placed on said vibrating plate at locations representative of the state of vibration of this plate.
  • each sensor is associated with a device for rendering vibrations in the form of sounds, such as a loudspeaker, and in that the playback devices are arranged in a sound reproduction space according to a configuration corresponding to that of the arrangement of the sensors.
  • a number of vibration sensors CA1 to CAn is arranged along the bridge CE on the latter or on the soundboard TH more or less close to the bridge. As shown in the figure, the distribution of the sensors is at least approximately linear.
  • the arrangement of the vibration capture is chosen according to the desired tone. They are located more or less ready or far from the bridge depending on the hard or soft aspect of the desired restored sound.
  • the sensors are speed or acceleration sensors that capture the vibrations of the bridge or the soundboard. They can be accelerometric, piezometric or any other type of industrial sensors adapted to capture vibrations and transform them into electrical signals. Inductive, capacitive or membrane sensors could also be used. In the described case of a piano, one could use ten to a few tens of such sensors.
  • the sensors CA1 to CAn are each electrically connected to a device DT1 to DTn for processing the generated electrical signals.
  • These devices can include means for amplification, filtering, means with fixed or modular time delay of the signals received.
  • the processing can be of the analog and / or digital type and the signals can be recombined with other signals possibly coming from other instruments (not shown).
  • Each processing device DT1 to DTn is connected to a loudspeaker HP1 to HPn placed in a performance hall according to a distribution corresponding to the arrangement of the sensors along the easel. An acoustic effect is obtained restoring the linear arrangement of the sensors and the spatial arrangement of the sound sources formed by the strings.
  • the figure shows that the speakers are placed along the side and front walls in the same order as the sensors along the easel.
  • the space between the loudspeakers must be chosen so that the sound signals produced by the loudspeakers add up coherently.
  • the signals present at the outputs of the various processing devices DT1 to DTn can be recorded on a multitrack recording device DE which may include 16, 32 or even more tracks depending on the number of sensors used.
  • FIG. 2 shows an arrangement according to the invention which is characterized by a regular distribution of the sensors over the entire surface of the soundboard TH.
  • the sensors are arranged for example at the nodes of a mesh of the soundboard and the loudspeakers HP are arranged in a similar mesh, but on another scale on a surface provided in the sound reproduction space.
  • the loudspeaker surface thus created generates a significant spatial effect giving a great impression of sound volume.
  • Figure 3 shows that the present invention allows the realization of a new generation of stringed instruments consisting of two parts which can be spaced from each other.
  • the arrangement could include a first part provided with CO strings that the instrumentalist would vibrate by means of a bow or keys or that he would pluck. The vibrations are then captured on the strings or at the bridge using appropriate sensors and transformed into electrical signals. At least one sensor could be associated with each rope.
  • the second part comprises a vibrating member PV, for example in the form of a vibrating plate which is driven in vibration using the electrical signals produced by the vibration sensors of the strings, if necessary after processing these signals in a treatment device DT ′, using appropriate converters CO placed on the vibrating member, such as for example piezoelectric elements. On this vibrating part would then be installed the device of the CA sensors according to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • This implementation of the invention is very advantageous for making sound recordings in a particularly noisy environment because under these conditions far from the bridge the soundboard of a piano is sensitive to external sound disturbances.
  • This implementation according to Figure 3 provides great freedom to restore a spatialized sound combining, if necessary, different instruments.
  • the invention has numerous advantages over the state of the art. Indeed, it allows a reproduction of the sounds exclusively produced by the strings without picking up unwanted sounds from the environment.
  • the arrangement according to Figure 3 eliminates unwanted sounds even in a very noisy environment.
  • linear on the surface or by a combination of these two arrangements, one can obtain an almost linear acoustic effect or a significant spatialization effect giving a great impression of sound volume.
  • the sounds can be modulated so that they are relatively hard or soft.
  • the invention thus implies the possibility of changing the acoustic properties of the sound generating arrangement. For example, we could reproduce the sound impression of a concert piano from an upright piano for study.
  • the musical instrument to which the invention is applied can be used solo or in an orchestra, in a place of small or large, for example as a normal piano or as a prepared piano. It should be noted that the invention takes account of the fact that the ear is sensitive to slight differences in the phases of neighboring sound sources, the whole integrated by the brain producing an impression of sound volume. It should also be noted that the invention does not seek to reproduce a note by sensors, but to position them so as to maximize the spatial effect.
  • the invention is not only usable for pianos but is applicable to other stringed instruments and in general to any bowed, plucked or struck string instrument like harp, guitar, cello, double bass, bass etc ...

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
EP93402025A 1992-02-17 1993-08-06 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Umsetzung der Schwingung von den Saiten eines Musikinstruments in Klang Withdrawn EP0637818A1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9201771A FR2687495B1 (fr) 1992-02-17 1992-02-17 Procede pour transformer en sons les vibrations des cordes d'un instrument de musique a cordes et agencement pour la mise en óoeuvre du procede.
EP93402025A EP0637818A1 (de) 1992-02-17 1993-08-06 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Umsetzung der Schwingung von den Saiten eines Musikinstruments in Klang

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9201771A FR2687495B1 (fr) 1992-02-17 1992-02-17 Procede pour transformer en sons les vibrations des cordes d'un instrument de musique a cordes et agencement pour la mise en óoeuvre du procede.
EP93402025A EP0637818A1 (de) 1992-02-17 1993-08-06 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Umsetzung der Schwingung von den Saiten eines Musikinstruments in Klang

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0637818A1 true EP0637818A1 (de) 1995-02-08

Family

ID=26134728

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93402025A Withdrawn EP0637818A1 (de) 1992-02-17 1993-08-06 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Umsetzung der Schwingung von den Saiten eines Musikinstruments in Klang

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0637818A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2687495B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5719599A (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-02-17 Seiko Epson Corporation Method and apparatus for efficient digital modeling and texture mapping

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2070339A5 (de) * 1969-12-02 1971-09-10 Philippe Jean
US4010668A (en) * 1975-04-21 1977-03-08 Plueddemann John P Polysonic electronic system for a musical instrument and methods of utilizing and constructing same
US4084473A (en) * 1975-08-19 1978-04-18 Kabushiki Kaisha Kawai Gakki Seisakusho Electric piano
DE2930768A1 (de) * 1978-08-23 1980-04-03 Nourney Carl Ernst G Prof Dipl Klavier oder klavieraehnliches saiteninstrument
US5221804A (en) * 1989-11-28 1993-06-22 Yamaha Corporation Tone generation device for an electronic musical instrument

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3818115A (en) * 1971-07-08 1974-06-18 Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg Multi-channel stereophonic sound reproducing system for electronic musical instruments

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2070339A5 (de) * 1969-12-02 1971-09-10 Philippe Jean
US4010668A (en) * 1975-04-21 1977-03-08 Plueddemann John P Polysonic electronic system for a musical instrument and methods of utilizing and constructing same
US4084473A (en) * 1975-08-19 1978-04-18 Kabushiki Kaisha Kawai Gakki Seisakusho Electric piano
DE2930768A1 (de) * 1978-08-23 1980-04-03 Nourney Carl Ernst G Prof Dipl Klavier oder klavieraehnliches saiteninstrument
US5221804A (en) * 1989-11-28 1993-06-22 Yamaha Corporation Tone generation device for an electronic musical instrument

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5719599A (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-02-17 Seiko Epson Corporation Method and apparatus for efficient digital modeling and texture mapping

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2687495A1 (fr) 1993-08-20
FR2687495B1 (fr) 1996-05-31

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