EP0631096B1 - Verfahren zur Konservierung von Waren bei niedrigen Temperaturen in einem isolierten Gehäuse, Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens, isoliertes Gehäuse und Behälter für solch ein Gehäuse - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Konservierung von Waren bei niedrigen Temperaturen in einem isolierten Gehäuse, Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens, isoliertes Gehäuse und Behälter für solch ein Gehäuse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0631096B1
EP0631096B1 EP94401392A EP94401392A EP0631096B1 EP 0631096 B1 EP0631096 B1 EP 0631096B1 EP 94401392 A EP94401392 A EP 94401392A EP 94401392 A EP94401392 A EP 94401392A EP 0631096 B1 EP0631096 B1 EP 0631096B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tank
liquid
products
chamber
box
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP94401392A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0631096B2 (de
EP0631096A1 (de
Inventor
Claude Gibot
Philippe Bouguet
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Carboxyque Francaise SA
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Carboxyque Francaise SA
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25D29/001—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for cryogenic fluid systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D3/12—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using solidified gases, e.g. carbon-dioxide snow
    • F25D3/125—Movable containers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a low temperature preservation process for products in a thermally insulated enclosure comprising a loading volume and at least one container of carbon dioxide snow.
  • an isolated enclosure is generally used without carbon dioxide snow reserve and previously brought to the refrigerated storage temperature of the products before their storage in the enclosure and the shipment of the loaded enclosure, which requires that the transport time be reduced to a minimum.
  • the patent application FR-A-2534130 describes a means allowing the distribution of meals of the kind of those constituted by an isothermal trolley having a perforated tray capable of containing carbon dioxide snow.
  • Patent US-A-3561266 relates to a method and an apparatus for refrigerating the chambers of trucks and rail cars used to transport foodstuffs requiring refrigeration; the refrigeration being carried out by means of a container mounted in said chamber and filled with a block of solid refrigerant.
  • the patent application FR-A-2604243 describes, for its part, a process for the manufacture, from liquid carbon dioxide, of a cold accumulating mass provided with clean packaging.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a process allowing rapid, reliable and easily modular loading of the container, even by unqualified personnel, requiring minimum handling, greatly reducing CO 2 losses and suitable for long-term storage. of fresh food products as for the conservation of frozen food products.
  • the method comprises the step of injecting into the tank of the enclosure a metered quantity of liquid CO 2 under pressure so as to create therein by relaxation a determined mass of dry ice. , and the dosage of liquid CO 2 injected is determined as a function of predetermined injection durations modulated as a function of climatic parameters.
  • the present invention also aims to provide an installation for implementing the method, comprising a source of liquid CO 2 under pressure and a pipe for supplying liquid CO 2 connected to a means for distributing a flow of liquid CO 2 in the tank, the dispensing means comprising a dispensing valve connected to a control unit comprising pre-established timing means which can be selected as a function of climatic parameters, the dispensing means being suspended elastically on a frame carrying the control unit and advantageously secured to a box provided with means for sucking CO 2 gas vaporized during the injection of the flow of liquid CO 2 into the tank;
  • the tank is fixedly mounted in the enclosure and has a lateral CO 2 loading opening, typically intended to be paired with the dispensing means.
  • the present invention also relates to a storage tank and reserve of dry ice according to claim 12 adapted for such an installation and an insulated transportable enclosure provided with such a tank.
  • FIG 1 there is a transportable insulated container 1 for the transport of fresh products, as described in document EP-A-337,860 mentioned above, comprising a side access door omitted from the drawing to show the container.
  • dry ice 2 suspended in the upper part of the interior chamber of the container forming a volume 3 of product loading.
  • the heat shield 4 typically removable, extending at a distance from the inner face of the container 2 and separating the latter from the volume 3 for loading and storing fresh food products.
  • the tank 2 is mounted fixed in the container 1 and comprises, in the example shown, a front face provided with an access opening 5 for loading CO 2 from the tank, as is will see it further.
  • the installation comprises, in a loading station, a tank 6 of liquid CO 2 at a pressure typically between 18 and 20 ⁇ 10 5 Pa and at a temperature of -20 ° C. maintained by a refrigeration unit 7. From the tank 6 leaves a liquid CO 2 supply pipe 8 provided with adequate winnowing, extended by a flexible hose 9 terminated by a distributor means 10 for introducing a flow of liquid CO 2 under pressure into the tank 2 via the opening 5.
  • the distributor means 10 in this case in the form of a pistol in the example shown, is suspended by an elastic suspension means 11 from an upper frame 12 secured to an articulated awning structure 13 provided with deployable lateral flaps 14 and intended for be positioned opposite the loading face of the container 1 to form a receptacle for confining the cold gases generated during the loading of the tank 2, which are evacuated to the outside of the work premises by an evacuation device tion 15 comprising a blower.
  • the suspension means 11 can be moved along the upper part of the frame 12 by a carriage 16 to allow the correct positioning of the gun 10 opposite the opening 5 of the loading of the tank 2.
  • the gun 10 typically comprises a manual closing / opening valve 17 and, upstream of this, a solenoid valve 18 connected to a control unit 19 mounted on the canopy 13.
  • the housing command 19 includes adjustable or pre-established time-delay means making it possible to select, according to different parameters, the opening times of the solenoid valve 18, therefore the quantities of liquid CO 2 injected into the tank 2 and, consequently, the quantities of carbon dioxide snow formed by sublimation in the tank.
  • This injection is typically carried out so that the liquid CO 2 jet undergoes at least one impact in the tank 2 so as to burst the jet and cause rapid production and accumulation of carbon dioxide snow in the tank.
  • FIG. 2 shows a curve showing the carbon dioxide snow formation regime in tank 2 as a function of the time of injection of liquid CO 2 in seconds.
  • the container 1 and its container 2 being initially at room temperature, the quantity of carbon dioxide snow formed within 10 seconds of injection cannot be reproducibly determined.
  • Points A to D of the curve represent jumps in the transformation rate of liquid / solid CO 2 as and when injected into the tank. At point A, the conversion rate is around 21%. It gradually increases to a value of around 35% up to point B, from which it remains substantially constant up to point C to increase again to a value slightly greater than 40% at point D to remain substantially constant beyond this point D. It is therefore found that an amount of 5 kg of carbon dioxide snow is generated in less than 20 seconds and that an injection time of 25 seconds is sufficient to generate a dry ice mass of 10 kg.
  • the flexibility of the method according to the invention makes it possible to easily modulate, as a function of predetermined parameters, taking into account in particular the climatic conditions and the planned transport times, the quantity of carbon dioxide snow generated in the container, as well as adapt the quantities of dry ice to the storage and transport of fresh food products, including the temperature should be between 0 and 4 ° C, like frozen products, the temperature of which should not exceed -15 ° C.
  • the different injection times can be pre-established in the housing 19 and selectable by fresh / frozen, winter / summer or week / weekend switches.
  • These injection durations can also be pre-programmed in memories of the housing 19 accessible by dialing codes on a keyboard or by introducing a smart card incorporating such programmable memories (SRAM or EEPROM).
  • the heat screen 4 is removably mounted suspended in the upper part of the container 1 for use in the storage and transport of fresh products, this heat screen being dismantled in the configuration for storage and transport of frozen products less sensitive to the proximity of the very cold surface formed by the underside of tray 2.
  • the tank 2 according to the invention is in the form of a closed parallelepipedic box made of metal sheets, typically of stainless steel and comprising in particular an upper wall 20 and a front face 21 crossing, in the vicinity of a side wall 22, by an end piece 50.
  • This end piece 50 constitutes the protruding extension towards the outside of an injection ramp 23 extending in the housing along the side wall 22 and typically formed, on its side opposite to the wall 22, with a series of equally distributed ejection orifices 24.
  • the ramp 23 supports a deflector profile with L-shaped profile 25 extending parallel to the ramp opposite the orifices 24
  • the upper wall 20 of the tank 3 has a central cutout covered with a screen 26 so as to provide, on either side of the screen 26, a first solid zone 20A overhanging the injection rail 23 / deflector 25 assembly. and a second symmetrical full zone 20B.
  • the orifices 24 are oriented so as to each eject a jet of liquid CO 2 towards the bottom wall of the tank 2, this jet being returned, by the deflector 25 placed under the orifices 24, towards the full veil part 20A of the upper wall 20 and from there towards the bottom of the housing under the second full veil part 20B, opposite the injection ramp 23, where it gradually accumulates, by sublimation , a mass of dry ice 27, the CO 2 vaporized during the constitution of this mass 27 escaping, as shown by the dashed arrows in FIG. 5, by the mesh 26 and spreading in the interior space 3 of the container 1 to cool the latter, before being evacuated by the hood 13.
  • the tank 2 also has fixing lugs 28 for its permanent mounting in the upper part of the interior volume 3, typically on vertical posts also used for mounting removable screen thermal 4 extending below the tank 2, at a distance from the latter, when the container 1 is used for the transport of fresh food products at a temperature between 0 and 4 ° C.
  • the dispensing means 10 suspended from the gantry 12, is internally shaped to adapt by simple plugging in to the end piece 50, this plugging being locked by a lock.
  • elastic 29 which can be manually actuated to unlock the gun and extract it from the nozzle 50.
  • the valve crank 17 is also mechanically coupled to the latch 29 so as to allow the valve to be opened only when the connector 10 is correctly inserted the end piece 50 and to allow insertion only when the valve is in the closed position.
  • the tank 2 has no front face, thus providing a wide access opening 5 for pairing with a dispensing means 10, also suspended from the gantry 12 and comprising, here, a parallelepipedal injection housing 30 comprising an open front face and two injection half-ramps 23A, 23B extending transversely in the housing 30, provided with ejection orifices 24 and connected, via the solenoid valve 18, to the flexible intake 9.
  • a dispensing means 10 also suspended from the gantry 12 and comprising, here, a parallelepipedal injection housing 30 comprising an open front face and two injection half-ramps 23A, 23B extending transversely in the housing 30, provided with ejection orifices 24 and connected, via the solenoid valve 18, to the flexible intake 9.
  • the ramps 23A, 23B are arranged in the bottom of the housing 30, at a distance from the open front face of the housing, the edges of which are provided with angles 31 forming a housing for receiving the edges of the face front of the tank 2 in a coupling position of these two elements locked by a coupling device 32 constituted, in the example shown, by a lock movable in rotation and in translation carried by a side face of the housing 30 and cooperating with a shaped cutout formed in a cylinder attached to the adjacent side face of the tank 2.
  • the lock comprises an actuating handle which, in the locked position of the lock, actuates a contactor 33 mounted on the interior face of the housing 30 and providing a signal validation at the electronic control unit 19.
  • the box 30 advantageously comprises, on its rear face, a handling handle 34.
  • the injectors 24 are angularly oriented towards the upper wall of the housing 30 so as to eject jets of liquid CO 2 under pressure which impact this upper wall to return, by bursting them, the jets of Liquid CO 2 towards the bottom of the tank 2 where the liquid CO 2 , relaxed in its path with ricochet, produces the carbon dioxide snow finely divided 27 gradually accumulating in the bottom of the tank 2, as in the embodiment Figures 4 and 5.
  • the injectors 24 can be oriented downward to impact a deflector returning the jets to the upper wall of the housing.
  • an end-of-cycle indicator lamp lights up on the block 19 and the operator can then unhook the box 30 from the tank 2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Freezing, Cooling And Drying Of Foods (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Verfahren zur Konservierung von Waren bei niedriger Temperatur in einem isolierten, aus einem Beschickungsraum (3) und mindestens einem Trockeneisfach (2) bestehenden Gehäuse (1), umfassend das Einspritzen einer dosierten Menge von unter Druck stehendem Flüssig-CO2 in das Fach (2), so daß dort durch Entspannung eine bestimmte Menge Trockeneis entsteht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dosierung des eingespritzten Flüssig-CO2 abhängig von vorbestimmten Einspritzdauern, die ihrerseits abhängig von den klimatischen Parametern geändert werden, bestimmt wird.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Konservierung von gekühlten Lebensmitteln die Einspritzdauer zwischen 10 und 30 Sekunden beträgt.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Konservierung von tiefgekühlten Lebensmitteln die Einspritzdauer zwischen 20 und 50 Sekunden beträgt.
  4. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, umfassend ein transportables, isoliertes, einen Warenbeschickungsraum (3) und mindestens ein Trockeneisfach (2) aufweisendes Gehäuse (1), eine Quelle für unter Druck stehendes Flüssig-CO2 (6) und eine Zufuhrleitung (8, 9) für Flüssig-CO2, die mit einem in dem Fach (2) angeordneten Flüssig-CO2-Verteiler (10) verbunden ist, der ein Verteilungsventil (18) aufweist, das mit einer einen Zeitgeber umfassenden Steuereinheit (19) verbunden ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Flüssig-CO2-Verteiler (10) an einem die Steuereinheit (19) tragenden Gestell (12, 13) elastisch (11) aufgehängt ist, und daß die Zeiten des Zeitgebers vorgegeben und abhängig von klimatischen Parametern wählbar sind.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gestell mit einem mit Ansaugmitteln (15) für gasförmiges CO2 ausgestatteten abgedichteten Behälter (13) verbunden ist.
  6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Fach (2) in dem Gehäuse (1) stationär befestigt ist und eine seitliche Öffnung (5; 50) zur Beschickung mit CO2 umfaßt.
  7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Flüssig-CO2-Verteiler (10) eine mit einer Auslaßöffnung versehene Einspritzbox (30), in der mindestens ein Injektor (23,24) angeordnet ist, der so ausgerichtet ist, daß er einen Flüssig-CO2-Strahl auf ein den Strahl in Richtung der Auslaßöffnung umlenkendes, in der Box angeordnetes Ablenkmittel spritzt, und Mittel (31) zur Anordnung der Box (30) mit ihrer Auslaßöffnung gegenüber der Öffnung (5) des Fachs (2) umfaßt.
  8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Fach (2) eine die Öffnung (5) bildende Vorderseite besitzt, und daß die Auslaßöffnung der Box (30) Mittel (31) zum Verbinden mit den Rändern der offenen Vorderseite des Fachs (2) umfaßt.
  9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Fach (2) eine Einspritzvorrichtung (23) umfaßt, die ein über den Behälter vorspringendes und mit dem Flüssig-CO2-Verteiler (10) verbindbares Ende hat.
  10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtung (23) Ausstoßöffnungen (24) gegenüber von einem in dem Fach (2) angeordneten Strahlablenkmittel (25) umfaßt.
  11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gehäuse (1) zwischen dem Fach (2) und dem Beschickungsraum (3) eine thermische, im Fall einer Verwendung des Gehäuses für die Konservierung von tiefgekühlten Waren entfernbare Abschirmung (4) umfaßt.
  12. Zur Anordnung in einem isoliertem Gehäuse (1) zur Konservierung von Waren bestimmtes Trockeneisvorratsfach, ausgebildet als geschlossener Kasten (2), umfassend eine mit mindestens einer Öffnung versehene obere Wand (20) und eine Vorderseite (21), die von einem mit mindestens einem in dem Fach angeordneten Injektor (23, 24) verbundenen und zur Verbindung des Injektors mit einer Leitung (9) zum Heranführen von unter Druck stehendem Flüssig-CO2 bestimmten Anschlußstutzen (50) durchgriffen wird, wobei das Fach im wesentlichen als Parallelepiped ausgebildet ist, der Injektor (23, 24) nahe an einer Seitenwand (22) des Fachs (2) angeordnet ist und mindestens eine zur Lenkung eines Flüssig-CO2-Strahls in Richtung des Fachinneren ausgerichtete Ausstoßöffnung aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Fach ein mit dem Injektor (23, 24) verbundenes Ablenkmittel (25) umfaßt, wobei die Ausstoßöffung so ausgerichtet ist, daß sie den Flüssig-CO2-Strahl auf das Ablenkmittel (25) lenkt, und, daß die obere Wand einen ersten, undurchlässigen, den Injektorbereich (23, 24) abdeckenden Bereich (20A) umfaßt, wobei die Öffnung (24) gegen die untere Wand des Fachs gerichtet ist und das Ablenkmittel so angeordnet ist, daß der Flüssig-CO2-Strahl auf den ersten, undurchlässigen Bereich (20A) der oberen Wand (20) umgelenkt wird.
  13. Fach nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Öffnung (26) der oberen Wand (20) vergittert ist.
  14. Transportierbares, isoliertes Gehäuse mit einem in dem Gehäuse (1) dauerhaft befestigten Fach nach Anspruch 12 oder 13.
  15. Gehäuse nach Anspruch 14, gekennzeichnet durch eine zwischen dem Fach (2) und dem Innenraum zur Warenbeschickung (3) angeordnete, entfernbare, thermische Abschirmung (4).
  16. Gehäuse nach Anspruch 15, gekennzeichnet durch eine seitliche, verschließbare Öffnung als Zugang zum Innenraum und zum Fach (2).
EP94401392A 1993-06-23 1994-06-22 Trockeneisvorratsfach Expired - Lifetime EP0631096B2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9307615 1993-06-23
FR9307615A FR2706990B1 (de) 1993-06-23 1993-06-23
US08/285,718 US5511379A (en) 1993-06-23 1994-08-04 Process for the preservation of products at low temperature in an insulated chamber, installation for practicing the process, insulated chamber and container for such a chamber
CA002129863A CA2129863A1 (fr) 1993-06-23 1994-08-10 Procede de conservation a basse temperature de produits dans une enceinte isolee, installation pour la mise en oeuvre du procede, enceinte isolee et bac pour une telle enceinte
CH02814/94A CH690458A5 (fr) 1993-06-23 1994-09-15 Procédé de conservation à basse température de produits dans une enceinte isolée, installation pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé, enceinte isolée et bac pour une telle enceinte.

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0631096A1 EP0631096A1 (de) 1994-12-28
EP0631096B1 true EP0631096B1 (de) 1997-07-16
EP0631096B2 EP0631096B2 (de) 2001-02-07

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EP94401392A Expired - Lifetime EP0631096B2 (de) 1993-06-23 1994-06-22 Trockeneisvorratsfach

Country Status (7)

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US (2) US5511379A (de)
EP (1) EP0631096B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2129863A1 (de)
CH (1) CH690458A5 (de)
DE (1) DE69404231T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2106468T5 (de)
FR (1) FR2706990B1 (de)

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EP3090961A1 (de) 2015-05-07 2016-11-09 Air Liquide Deutschland GmbH Kühlbox und verfahren zum transport von verderblichen oder wärmeempfindlichen produkten in einem transportfahrzeug und/oder zum verteilen von produkten an endkunden

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CH690458A5 (fr) 2000-09-15
ES2106468T5 (es) 2001-03-16
EP0631096B2 (de) 2001-02-07
FR2706990A1 (de) 1994-12-30
CA2129863A1 (fr) 1996-02-11
DE69404231T3 (de) 2001-05-23
DE69404231T2 (de) 1997-12-18
ES2106468T3 (es) 1997-11-01
US5566553A (en) 1996-10-22
FR2706990B1 (de) 1995-08-04
US5511379A (en) 1996-04-30
DE69404231D1 (de) 1997-08-21
EP0631096A1 (de) 1994-12-28

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