EP0628704B1 - Device to recycle lubricant in an internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Device to recycle lubricant in an internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0628704B1 EP0628704B1 EP19940400886 EP94400886A EP0628704B1 EP 0628704 B1 EP0628704 B1 EP 0628704B1 EP 19940400886 EP19940400886 EP 19940400886 EP 94400886 A EP94400886 A EP 94400886A EP 0628704 B1 EP0628704 B1 EP 0628704B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- passage
- volume
- passages
- lubricant
- pump housing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
- F01M11/08—Separating lubricant from air or fuel-air mixture before entry into cylinder
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of two-stroke internal combustion engines in which pneumatic fuel injection is carried out.
- the pressure source necessary for the pneumatic fuel injection can be external to the engine, or it can be internal: in the latter case, the pressure source can be constituted by the cylinder crankcase in which the injection takes place either by the cylinder itself or by another pump housing or by another cylinder.
- Document FR-2.575.523 shows an internal combustion engine which in fact combines two sources of pressure: the pump housing and the exhaust to improve pneumatic injection.
- the outside air admitted into the pump housing by any means known per se is therefore pressurized in the pump housing itself by the downward movement of the piston.
- This air can leave the pump housing by two types of ducts: In the first type of so-called "transfer” ducts, air is conveyed from the pump housing to the combustion chamber. This non-carburetted air is introduced before the admission of air used for pneumatic injection, in order to carry out a sweeping of the combustion chamber.
- conduits which are also connected to the combustion chamber. These conduits are generally fitted with a non-return valve.
- the non-return valve opens a line (or capacity) connecting the pump crankcase to the fuel mixture admission passage in the combustion chamber.
- the valve closes when the pressure in the pump casing becomes lower than the pressure in the line, the latter can be considered as a pressure storage capacity since the fluid which passes through it is at a pressure greater than or equal to the maximum pressure prevailing in the pump housing.
- the air from the pump housing contains a certain amount of lubricant.
- This lubricant is first introduced with the air admitted into the pump housing to lubricate the moving parts: bearings, piston, jacket ....
- the air which then passes through the tank remains charged with lubricant.
- lubricant When the air thus charged crosses the capacity, a part of this lubricant can be deposited on the walls, in layers then it can accumulate for example in the lower zone of the capacity.
- the present invention provides a simple solution, easy to implement, and which responds well to the problem created by the accumulation of lubricant in a pressurized gas line participating in pneumatic injection.
- the present invention is particularly well suited to two-stroke engines, the pneumatic injection line of which is connected to a pump housing.
- the invention relates to a device intended for recycling a lubricant accumulated in a capacity of an internal combustion engine with pneumatic fuel injection, the capacity connecting the crankcase of said engine to an inlet for admitting fuel under pressure into the combustion chamber, the inlet opening being fitted with an intermittent shutter element and the capacity comprising a non-return valve.
- the device according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises at least one calibrated passage passing through the partition wall between said capacity and said pump housing, and in that the end of the passage through which the lubricant leaves the capacity is located at the lowest point of said capacity.
- the cross section of the passage or passages, on the side of said capacity can be between 0.5 mm 2 and 10 mm 2 .
- the passage or passages may have a constant section over their entire length.
- the passage or passages may have a non-constant section over their entire length.
- This figure shows a longitudinal section of an engine to which the invention applies.
- the engine may comprise, in known manner, at least one cylinder 1 in which slides a piston 2 moved by a connecting rod-crank system 3, an exhaust duct 4, an ignition element 5, such as a spark plug, an element of intermittent closure of the intake such as a valve 6, at least one transfer duct 7 intended to bring the purging air from a pump housing 8 into the combustion chamber 1.
- An intake port 9 provided with an adjustment element 10 allows outside air to be admitted into the pump housing 8.
- Another part of the air present in the pump housing 8 is expelled, at certain times in the combustion cycle, to a duct 11 connecting the pump housing 8 to the combustion chamber 1.
- the duct 11 is in fact a pressure storage capacity since it is provided with a non-return valve 12 preferably placed near the pump housing 8.
- An injector 13, known per se, is placed near the other end of the tank 11 in order to introduce fuel into the stream of pressurized air.
- the injector 13 being placed just upstream of the valve 6, a fuel mixture is formed in this zone located near the intake orifice (not referenced) which, of course, is injected into the combustion chamber when the valve is far from its seat.
- lubricant can accumulate in particular at the bottom of the capacity 11.
- the calibrated passage 14 preferably provides communication between the capacity 11 and the pump housing 8.
- the calibrated passage 14 has a substantially vertical axis (not referenced); the axis of the engine cylinders being inclined by about 20 ° in the example of this figure.
- the vertical orientation facilitates the downward flow, that is to say towards the pump housing.
- the oil (or any other lubricating element) which accumulates by gravity at the bottom of the capacity 11 can flow through the passage 14.
- the passage 14 must be of small section so as not to generate a pressure drop in the capacity 11.
- the cross section of the passage 14 may or may not be constant over its entire length.
- the section of the passage or the cumulative section of the passages, on the capacity side is between 0.5 mm 2 and 10 mm 2 .
- the oil is therefore returned directly to the pump housing 8 where it is sprayed by the positive pressure difference prevailing between the capacity 11 and the pump housing 8 during the most of the engine rotation cycle.
- the oil can thus, by this recycling, again contribute to the lubrication of the engine.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Description
La présente invention concerne le domaine des moteurs à combustion interne à deux temps dans lesquels une injection pneumatique de carburant est réalisée.The present invention relates to the field of two-stroke internal combustion engines in which pneumatic fuel injection is carried out.
Dans ce type de moteurs, la source de pression nécessaire à l'injection pneumatique de carburant peut être externe au moteur, ou bien elle peut être interne : dans ce dernier cas, la source de pression peut être constituée par le carter-pompe du cylindre dans lequel a lieu l'injection ou bien par le cylindre lui-même ou encore par un autre carter-pompe ou par un autre cylindre.In this type of engine, the pressure source necessary for the pneumatic fuel injection can be external to the engine, or it can be internal: in the latter case, the pressure source can be constituted by the cylinder crankcase in which the injection takes place either by the cylinder itself or by another pump housing or by another cylinder.
Il est encore connu d'utiliser la pression d'échappement pour réaliser une injection pneumatique : le document FR-2.621.648 divulgue un moteur de ce type.It is also known to use the exhaust pressure to perform a pneumatic injection: the document FR-2,621,648 discloses an engine of this type.
Le document FR-2.575.523 montre un moteur à combustion interne qui associe en fait deux sources de pression : le carter-pompe et l'échappement pour améliorer l'injection pneumatique.Document FR-2.575.523 shows an internal combustion engine which in fact combines two sources of pressure: the pump housing and the exhaust to improve pneumatic injection.
Pour les moteurs auxquels s'applique l'invention, l'air extérieur admis dans le carter-pompe par tout moyen connu en soi est donc mis en pression dans le carter-pompe lui-même par le mouvement descendant du piston.For the engines to which the invention applies, the outside air admitted into the pump housing by any means known per se is therefore pressurized in the pump housing itself by the downward movement of the piston.
Cet air peut sortir du carter-pompe par deux types de conduits : Dans le premier type de conduits dits "de transfert" de l'air est véhiculé depuis le carter-pompe jusque dans la chambre de combustion. Cet air non carburé est introduit avant l'admission d'air utilisé pour l'injection pneumatique, afin de réaliser un balayage de la chambre de combustion.This air can leave the pump housing by two types of ducts: In the first type of so-called "transfer" ducts, air is conveyed from the pump housing to the combustion chamber. This non-carburetted air is introduced before the admission of air used for pneumatic injection, in order to carry out a sweeping of the combustion chamber.
Une autre partie de l'air contenu dans le carter-pompe s'échappe par un ou plusieurs conduits reliés par ailleurs à la chambre de combustion. Ces conduits sont généralement équipés d'un clapet anti-retour.Another part of the air contained in the pump casing escapes through one or more conduits which are also connected to the combustion chamber. These conduits are generally fitted with a non-return valve.
Ainsi lorsque la pression du carter-pompe est supérieure à une certaine valeur, le clapet anti-retour ouvre une conduite (ou capacité) reliant le carter-pompe au passage d'admission de mélange carburé dans la chambre de combustion. Le clapet se refermant lorsque la pression dans le carter-pompe devient inférieure à la pression dans la conduite, cette dernière peut être considérée comme une capacité de stockage de pression puisque le fluide qui y transite est à une pression supérieure ou égale à la pression maximale régnant dans le carter-pompe.Thus when the pressure of the pump crankcase is higher than a certain value, the non-return valve opens a line (or capacity) connecting the pump crankcase to the fuel mixture admission passage in the combustion chamber. The valve closes when the pressure in the pump casing becomes lower than the pressure in the line, the latter can be considered as a pressure storage capacity since the fluid which passes through it is at a pressure greater than or equal to the maximum pressure prevailing in the pump housing.
En fait, l'air issu du carter-pompe contient une certaine quantité de lubrifiant. Ce lubrifiant est d'abord introduit avec l'air admis dans le carter-pompe pour lubrifier les organes en mouvement : roulements, piston, chemise... .In fact, the air from the pump housing contains a certain amount of lubricant. This lubricant is first introduced with the air admitted into the pump housing to lubricate the moving parts: bearings, piston, jacket ....
L'air qui transite alors dans la capacité reste chargée de lubrifiant. Lorsque l'air ainsi chargé traverse la capacité, une partie de ce lubrifiant peut se déposer sur les parois, en couches puis il peut s'accumuler par exemple dans la zone inférieure de la capacité.The air which then passes through the tank remains charged with lubricant. When the air thus charged crosses the capacity, a part of this lubricant can be deposited on the walls, in layers then it can accumulate for example in the lower zone of the capacity.
Le problème rencontré dans de tels moteurs résulte de l'accumulation de lubrifiant dans le fond de la capacité. En effet, ce lubrifiant très densifié est entraîné, par exemple lors du démarrage du véhicule, directement vers l'orifice d'admission utilisé pour l'injection pneumatique de mélange carburé dans le cylindre, de sorte qu'il est injecté sous une forme très densifiée dans la chambre de combustion. Ceci perturbe la combustion et crée des émissions de fumées à l'échappement.The problem encountered in such engines results from the accumulation of lubricant in the bottom of the tank. In fact, this very densified lubricant is driven, for example when the vehicle is started, directly towards the intake orifice used for the pneumatic injection of fuel mixture into the cylinder, so that it is injected in a very densified in the combustion chamber. This disrupts combustion and creates smoke emissions from the exhaust.
Un problème semblable a déjà été évoqué dans l'art antérieur, par exemple dans le document US-4.280.456 qui prévoit des joints poreux autour des lumières d'admission, joints destinés à absorber l'huile lubrifiante refoulée depuis la partie basse du cylindre. Des drains partent des joints et s'étendent jusque dans le carter-pompe afin d'y recycler l'huile ainsi récupérée.A similar problem has already been mentioned in the prior art, for example in document US-4,280,456 which provides porous seals around the intake ports, seals intended to absorb the lubricating oil discharged from the lower part of the cylinder. . Drains start from the seals and extend into the pump housing in order to recycle the oil thus recovered.
Le brevet US-4.962.745 divulgue une autre façon de résoudre ce problème : ce document enseigne de placer des séparateurs d'huile sur une conduite d'air comprimé nécessaire à une injection sous pression. Ces moyens additionnels peuvent être conçus de différentes façons. Ils sont généralement reliés à une conduite qui ramène l'huile dans le carter-pompe.US Pat. No. 4,962,745 discloses another way of solving this problem: this document teaches placing oil separators on a compressed air line necessary for injection under pressure. These additional means can be designed in different ways. They are generally connected to a line which brings the oil back into the pump housing.
La présente invention propose une solution simple, facile à mettre en oeuvre, et qui répond bien au problème créé par l'accumulation de lubrifiant dans une conduite de gaz sous pression participant à l'injection pneumatique.The present invention provides a simple solution, easy to implement, and which responds well to the problem created by the accumulation of lubricant in a pressurized gas line participating in pneumatic injection.
La présente invention est particulièrement bien adaptée aux moteurs deux temps dont la conduite d'injection pneumatique est reliée à un carter-pompe.The present invention is particularly well suited to two-stroke engines, the pneumatic injection line of which is connected to a pump housing.
L'invention a pour objet un dispositif destiné à recycler un lubrifiant accumulé dans une capacité d'un moteur à combustion interne à injection pneumatique de carburant, la capacité reliant le carter-pompe dudit moteur à un orifice d'admission de mélange carburé sous pression dans la chambre de combustion, l'orifice d'admission étant équipé d'un élément d'obturation intermittent et la capacité comportant un clapet anti-retour.The invention relates to a device intended for recycling a lubricant accumulated in a capacity of an internal combustion engine with pneumatic fuel injection, the capacity connecting the crankcase of said engine to an inlet for admitting fuel under pressure into the combustion chamber, the inlet opening being fitted with an intermittent shutter element and the capacity comprising a non-return valve.
Le dispositif selon l'invention se caractérise en ce qu'il comporte au moins un passage calibré traversant la paroi de séparation entre ladite capacité et ledit carter-pompe, et en ce que l'extrémité du passage par laquelle le lubrifiant quitte la capacité est située au point le plus bas de ladite capacité.The device according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises at least one calibrated passage passing through the partition wall between said capacity and said pump housing, and in that the end of the passage through which the lubricant leaves the capacity is located at the lowest point of said capacity.
Plus précisément, la section transversale du ou des passages, du côté de ladite capacité, peut être comprise entre 0,5 mm2 et 10 mm2.More specifically, the cross section of the passage or passages, on the side of said capacity, can be between 0.5 mm 2 and 10 mm 2 .
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le ou les passages peuvent présenter une section constante sur toute leur longueur.According to one embodiment of the invention, the passage or passages may have a constant section over their entire length.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, le ou les passages peuvent présenter une section non constante sur toute leur longueur.According to another embodiment of the invention, the passage or passages may have a non-constant section over their entire length.
D'autres caractéristiques, détails et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront mieux à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, faite à titre illustratif et nullement limitatif en référence à l'unique figure annexée.Other characteristics, details and advantages of the invention will appear better on reading the description which follows, given by way of illustration and in no way limiting with reference to the single appended figure.
Cette figure montre par une coupe longitudinale un moteur auquel s'applique l'invention.This figure shows a longitudinal section of an engine to which the invention applies.
Le moteur peut comporter, de façon connue, au moins un cylindre 1 dans lequel coulisse un piston 2 déplacé par un système bielle-manivelle 3, un conduit d'échappement 4, un élément d'allumage 5, tel une bougie, un élément d'obturation intermittente de l'admission tel une soupape 6, au moins un conduit de transfert 7 destiné à amener l'air de balayage depuis un carter-pompe 8 jusque dans la chambre de combustion 1.The engine may comprise, in known manner, at least one
Un orifice d'admission 9 muni d'un élément de réglage 10 permet d'admettre de l'air extérieur dans le carter-pompe 8.An
La majeure partie de cet air extérieur passe dans le ou les conduits de transfert 7 afin d'assurer le balayage de la chambre de combustion comme expliqué en tête de la description.Most of this outside air passes through the transfer duct (s) 7 in order to sweep the combustion chamber as explained at the beginning of the description.
Une autre partie de l'air présent dans le carter-pompe 8 est expulsé, à certains moments du cycle de combustion, vers un conduit 11 reliant le carter-pompe 8 à la chambre de combustion 1.Another part of the air present in the pump housing 8 is expelled, at certain times in the combustion cycle, to a duct 11 connecting the pump housing 8 to the
Comme expliqué plus haut, le conduit 11 est en fait une capacité de stockage de pression puisqu'il est muni d'un clapet anti-retour 12 placé préférentiellement à proximité du carter-pompe 8.As explained above, the duct 11 is in fact a pressure storage capacity since it is provided with a
Un injecteur 13, connu en soi, est placé à proximité de l'autre extrémité de la capacité 11 afin d'introduire du carburant dans le courant d'air sous pression. L'injecteur 13 étant placé juste en amont de la soupape 6, il se forme dans cette zone située à proximité de l'orifice d'admission (non référencé), un mélange carburé qui, bien entendu, est injecté dans la chambre de combustion lorsque la soupape est éloignée de son siège.An
Comme il a déjà été dit en évoquant le problème à l'origine de la présente invention, du lubrifiant peut venir s'accumuler notamment au fond de la capacité 11.As already mentioned when mentioning the problem at the root of the present invention, lubricant can accumulate in particular at the bottom of the capacity 11.
Afin de remédier à cet inconvénient, il est proposé de prévoir au moins un passage calibré 14 au fond de la capacité 11.In order to remedy this drawback, it is proposed to provide at least one
Le passage calibré 14 assure préférentiellement une communication entre la capacité 11 et le carter-pompe 8.The
Selon le mode préféré de réalisation illustré par l'unique figure annexée, le passage calibré 14 présente un axe (non référencé) sensiblement vertical ; l'axe des cylindres du moteur étant incliné d'environ 20° dans l'exemple de cette figure. L'orientation verticale facilite l'écoulement vers le bas, c'est-à-dire vers le carter-pompe.According to the preferred embodiment illustrated by the single appended figure, the
Ainsi, comme déjà expliqué, l'huile (ou tout autre élément lubrifiant) qui s'accumule gravitairement au fond de la capacité 11 peut s'écouler par le passage 14.Thus, as already explained, the oil (or any other lubricating element) which accumulates by gravity at the bottom of the capacity 11 can flow through the
Le passage 14 doit être de faible section afin de ne pas engendrer une chute de pression dans la capacité 11. La section transversale du passage 14 peut être constante ou non sur toute sa longueur.The
Des essais ont été faits avec un passage ayant une section constante de 1 mm2. Ils ont donné entière satisfaction.Tests were carried out with a passage having a constant section of 1 mm 2 . They gave complete satisfaction.
Préférentiellement, un seul passage est prévu. Dans certains cas, on peut être amené à prévoir plusieurs passages. De toutes façons, la section du passage ou la section cumulée des passages, côté capacité, est comprise entre 0,5 mm2 et 10 mm2.Preferably, only one passage is planned. In some cases, it may be necessary to provide several passages. In any case, the section of the passage or the cumulative section of the passages, on the capacity side, is between 0.5 mm 2 and 10 mm 2 .
Selon l'invention, l'huile est donc renvoyée directement dans le carter-pompe 8 où elle est pulvérisée par la différence de pression positive régnant entre la capacité 11 et le carter-pompe 8 pendant la majeure partie du cycle de rotation du moteur. L'huile peut ainsi, par ce recyclage, contribuer à nouveau à la lubrification du moteur.According to the invention, the oil is therefore returned directly to the pump housing 8 where it is sprayed by the positive pressure difference prevailing between the capacity 11 and the pump housing 8 during the most of the engine rotation cycle. The oil can thus, by this recycling, again contribute to the lubrication of the engine.
Claims (5)
- Device designed for recycling a lubricant that has accumulated in a volume (11) of a pneumatic fuel injection internal combustion engine, in which the volume links a crankcase (8) of the said engine to an inlet orifice for a compressed carburetted mixture into a combustion chamber (1), the orifice being fitted with an intermittent closing element (6) and the volume (11) having a non-return valve (12), characterised in that it has at least one calibrated passage (14) passing through the dividing wall between the said volume (11) and the crankcase (8) and the end of the said passage (14) by which the lubricant leaves the said volume (11) is located at the lowest point of the volume (11).
- Device as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the cross-section of the passage or passages (14) on the side of the volume (11) ranges between 0.5 mm2 and 10 mm2.
- Device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the passage or passages (14) have a constant cross-section over their entire length.
- Device as claimed in any one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the passage or passages (14) have a cross-section that is not constant over their entire length.
- Device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the calibrated passage or passages (14) have a vertically oriented longitudinal axis.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9306784 | 1993-06-07 | ||
| FR9306784A FR2706182B1 (en) | 1993-06-07 | 1993-06-07 | Lubricant recycling device in an internal combustion engine. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0628704A1 EP0628704A1 (en) | 1994-12-14 |
| EP0628704B1 true EP0628704B1 (en) | 1996-10-23 |
Family
ID=9447820
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19940400886 Expired - Lifetime EP0628704B1 (en) | 1993-06-07 | 1994-04-25 | Device to recycle lubricant in an internal combustion engine |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0628704B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69400781T2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2706182B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE29918516U1 (en) * | 1999-10-20 | 2001-03-01 | Dolmar Gmbh | Compact four-stroke internal combustion engine, especially for use in a portable work device |
| AT411091B (en) * | 2000-11-30 | 2003-09-25 | Kirchberger Roland Dipl Ing | FOUR-STROKE COMBUSTION ENGINE |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB240447A (en) * | 1924-09-25 | 1926-08-05 | Paul Frederick Hackethal | Improvements in means and methods for preventing the escape of lubricating oil past the piston head of engines and pumps |
| US3672172A (en) * | 1971-03-15 | 1972-06-27 | Gary L Hammond | Simplified supercharged internal combustion engine with emissions control |
| US3973532A (en) * | 1973-11-09 | 1976-08-10 | Harold Litz | Crankcase-scavenged four stroke engine |
| DE3731250C1 (en) * | 1987-09-17 | 1988-10-06 | Zochev Donkov Dancho Dipl Ing | Reciprocating piston internal combustion engine with crankcase charge air pumps |
| US4962745A (en) * | 1988-10-04 | 1990-10-16 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel supply device of an engine |
| DE3935789C2 (en) * | 1989-10-27 | 1995-10-12 | Dancho Zochev Dipl Ing Donkov | Reciprocating piston internal combustion engine with crankcase charge air pump and charge air cooler |
-
1993
- 1993-06-07 FR FR9306784A patent/FR2706182B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-04-25 EP EP19940400886 patent/EP0628704B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-04-25 DE DE1994600781 patent/DE69400781T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0628704A1 (en) | 1994-12-14 |
| FR2706182A1 (en) | 1994-12-16 |
| DE69400781D1 (en) | 1996-11-28 |
| FR2706182B1 (en) | 1995-07-21 |
| DE69400781T2 (en) | 1997-02-27 |
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| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
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